1、機(jī) 械 性 損 傷mechanical injury,分 類,按致傷物 the inflictng weapon 鈍器傷 blunt instrument injury 銳器傷 sharp instrument injury 火器傷 firearm injury,概 述,形態(tài)改變?yōu)橹鞯膿p傷,擦傷 abrasion 挫傷 contusion 創(chuàng) wound 骨折、關(guān)節(jié)脫位 fracture 內(nèi)臟破裂 viscera rupture 肢體斷離 fragmentation of whole body,概 述,擦 傷 abrasion,鈍器 rough object 摩擦 rub or scratch

2、 表皮剝脫 superficial layer peeled off,擦 傷,abrasion類型及形態(tài)特點(diǎn),抓痕 scratch or finger nail abrasion 擦痕 grazes or brush abrasion 撞痕 impact or crushing abrasion 壓擦痕 friction or pressure abrasion,擦 傷,擦傷 scratch,抓傷 finger nail abrasion,基本形態(tài),挫 傷 contusion or bruise,鈍器 皮內(nèi)、皮下出血,概 述,皮內(nèi)出血衣物的紡織花紋印在尸體上,基本形態(tài),皮下出血與尸斑,基本形態(tài)

3、,皮下出血切開-凝血塊,基本形態(tài),創(chuàng) wound,開放性損傷 open injury,概 述,創(chuàng)的分類,鈍器創(chuàng)撕裂創(chuàng)、挫裂創(chuàng) Blunt instrument wound- laceration 銳器創(chuàng)-切創(chuàng)、砍創(chuàng)、刺創(chuàng) 剪創(chuàng) Sharp- cut, slash, stab 火器創(chuàng)-槍彈創(chuàng)、爆炸傷 Firearms wound- bullet wound,創(chuàng),銳器創(chuàng)Sharp,基本形態(tài),鈍器創(chuàng) Blunt instrument wound,骨和關(guān)節(jié)損傷,骨折 fracture 關(guān)節(jié)脫位 dislocation,概 述,骨 折,a:局部腫脹、血腫 b:畸形 c:反常活動(dòng) d:骨擦音 e:常伴關(guān)節(jié)

4、脫位,骨關(guān)節(jié)損傷,骨折（閉合性）,基本形態(tài),脛腓骨下段骨折,基本形態(tài),內(nèi)部器官破裂rupture of visceral,致命傷 臨床易漏診（鈍器傷、刺創(chuàng)）,概 述,內(nèi)臟破裂（肝）,基本形態(tài),內(nèi)臟破裂（脾）,基本形態(tài),肢體斷離amputation,碎尸案 交通事故 群死群傷案（如爆炸、火災(zāi)等災(zāi)害）,概 述,空難尸體肢體離斷,基本形態(tài),功能改變?yōu)橹饕憩F(xiàn)的損傷,神經(jīng)源性休克(neurogenic shock) 震蕩(concussive injury),概 述,徒手傷 bare hand injury,鈍器傷,鈍器傷 blunt instrument injury,棍棒傷 stick injur

5、y,竹打中空（鐵軌樣挫傷） tramline or railway line bruise,鈍器傷,竹打中空,鈍器傷,橡皮管-挫傷,鈍器傷,酒瓶-額部挫裂創(chuàng),鈍器傷,磚-挫裂創(chuàng),鈍器傷,擠壓傷 crush injury 擠壓綜合征 Crush syndrome,鈍器傷,墜落傷 injury due to fall from height,鈍器傷,尸體背側(cè),高墜傷,面部散在擦傷,高墜傷,胸壁大片出血,高墜傷,心前側(cè)裂口,高墜傷,心背側(cè)撕裂,高墜傷,內(nèi)部器官多發(fā)破裂,高墜傷,sharp instrument injury面部創(chuàng)（已縫合）,銳器傷,猶豫傷試切痕 hesitation marks or

6、 hesitation wound or tentative cut,銳器傷,刎頸-剃須刀 incised wound,砍斷創(chuàng)chop wound,銳器傷,菜刀-砍創(chuàng),銳器傷,斧頭-顱骨凹陷性骨折,銳器傷,三角刮刀刺創(chuàng)stab wound,銳器傷,三棱刮刀創(chuàng),銳器傷,蒙古刀-心貫通創(chuàng),剪創(chuàng) scissoring wound,銳器傷,復(fù)習(xí)題 review,1. Classification of mechanical injury 2. Classification of head injury by clinicopathological correlation 3. DAI、Diffuse traumatic axonal injury (TAI),擦傷 abrasion 挫傷 contusion 創(chuàng) wound 骨折、關(guān)節(jié)脫位 fracture 內(nèi)臟破裂 viscera rupture 肢體斷離 fragmentati