1、漢英翻譯教程,商務(wù)合同翻譯,I. 商務(wù)合同的種類,按格式繁簡(jiǎn)的不同，分為 正式合同 Contract 協(xié)議書 Agreement 確議書 Confirmation 備忘錄 Memorandum 意向書 Letter of intent,中文的合同開頭一般先羅列當(dāng)事人的名稱、姓名、住所或營業(yè)場(chǎng)所，然后是合同正文，結(jié)尾是當(dāng)事人印章、授權(quán)代表簽字、職務(wù)及日期。 英文合同一般以下面這類句式開頭： This CONTRACT is made this _day of_ in (place of signature) by and between (name of one party), a corpor

2、ation duly organized and existing under the laws of (name of the country) with its domicile at ( address ) ( hereinafter referred to as Party A) and (name of the other party) a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of (name of the country) with its domicile at (address) (hereinafter

3、, referred to as Party B).,II 商務(wù)合同的結(jié)構(gòu),然后是 WHEREAS THEREFORE .It is hereby agreed as follows 或 WITNESSETH, WHEREAS. NOW THEREFORE, for and in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements contained herein, the parties hereby covenant and agree as follows. 接著是正文 最后是證明部分： IN WITNESS WHEREOF，the

4、parties hereto have hereunto set their hands the day and years first above written.（雙方于文首日期簽署本協(xié)議，特此為證） 隨后還包括當(dāng)事人和見證人的簽字。,1.合同名稱 (Title) 如 Sales Contract, Technology Transfer Agreement, Share Purchase Agreement 2. 前文（前言） (Preamble) 1) Date deem，consider， think/believe；,1） At the request of Party B, Pa

5、rty A agrees to send technicians to assist Party B to install the equipment. 應(yīng)乙方要求，甲方同意派遣技術(shù)員幫助乙方安裝設(shè)備 (help) 2） Party A shall repatriate the patient to China and bear the cost of his passage to Beijing. 甲方應(yīng)將病人遣返中國，負(fù)責(zé)病人回到北京的旅費(fèi)。（send back) 3) The term “Effective date” means the date on which this Agree

6、ment is duly executed by the parties hereto . “生效日”的意思是指本協(xié)議經(jīng)訂約雙方簽字的日子。（signed）,注意合同本身的法律術(shù)語詞匯和一般用語的區(qū)別：,2 用語力求準(zhǔn)確、明白、嚴(yán)密 Party A shall send technicians at Party Bs expense to train Party Bs personnel within 30 days after signing the Contract. 甲方應(yīng)于簽約后三十天內(nèi)派遣技術(shù)員培訓(xùn)乙方的人員，有關(guān)費(fèi)用由乙方承擔(dān)。 This Contract can only be

7、altered, amended or supplemented in accordance with documents signed and sealed by authorized representatives of both parties. 本合同的變更、修改和補(bǔ)充應(yīng)按雙方授權(quán)代表簽名蓋章的文件，才能進(jìn)行。,3 多使用老式詞匯 把here, there, where加后綴(after, by, in, of, on, to, under, upon, or with after here, there, or where) hereafter after this time; in

8、 the future 今后hereby by means of 茲 herein in this 此中，于此 hereinafter later in this contracthereinbefore in a preceding part of this contract hereof of this hereto to this herebefore until now hereunder under this hereupon at this point; in consequence of this herewith with this,thereafter afterwardst

9、hereby by that means; in that connection therefrom from that therein in that; in that particularthereinafter later in the same contract thereinbefore in a preceding part of the same contract thereon on that thereof of that; from that sourcethereto to that thereunder =under that thereupon then; as th

10、e result of that therewith with that or it whereas =considering that; but鑒于 whereby =by what; by which wherein =in what; in which whereof =of what; of which whereon =on what; on which關(guān)于那，在其上,In confirmation hereof we attach a bank statement. 為作這方面的確認(rèn)我們附上銀行結(jié)單。 The correspondence attached hereto form

11、part of the Contract. 合同文件以及其來往文件均應(yīng)被視為本合同的一部份。 All of the obligations of the Guarantor hereunder shall be joint and several. 擔(dān)保人在本擔(dān)保書項(xiàng)下承擔(dān)的所有義務(wù)均應(yīng)是連帶的。 Losses caused as a result thereof shall be borne by the violator. 由此而造成的損失，由違反者承擔(dān)。（belonging to that） In concluding a contract, the parties thereto sh

12、all implement the principle of good faith. （to that） 當(dāng)事人訂立合同，應(yīng)執(zhí)行誠實(shí)信用原則。 In witness whereof, I set my hand. 我作為證人簽字。 The undersigned hereby agrees that the new products whereto this trade name is more appropriate are made in China. 下述簽署人同意在中國制造新產(chǎn)品，其品牌以此為合適。,4 多用并列的同義詞 any and all 全部 terms and conditi

13、ons 條件 null and void 無效 free and clear of 無 cost and expenses 各種費(fèi)用 rights and interests 權(quán)益 able and willing 能夠并愿意 covenants and agreements 合同、協(xié)議 any duties, obligations or liabilities 所有責(zé)任 applicable laws, regulations, decrees, directives, and rules 適用法律法規(guī),This Agreement made and entered into by and

14、 between ABC Co. and XYZ Co. ABC 公司和XYZ公司雙方簽訂本協(xié)議。 All documents, letters, telegrams and telexes interchanged between both parties before the signing of the Contract shall become null and void automatically from the date on which the Contract comes into force. 雙方在簽約前交換的所有文件、書信、電報(bào)和電傳，應(yīng)從本合同生效之日開始自動(dòng)失效。

15、The parties have agreed to vary the Management on the terms and subject to the conditions contained herein. (都表示“依照本協(xié)議的條款規(guī)定”。),5 多用拉丁詞(loan words) 比例稅率：用pro rate tax rate （要比proportional tax rate多 ） 從事慈善性服務(wù)的律師：pro bono lawyer，（不怎么用lawyer engaged in charitable legal assistance ） 委托代理人：agent ad litem。

16、 善意 bona fide （good faith） 反之亦然 vice versa 單方的 ex parte （from one side） 不可抗力 force majeure 代替 in lieu of (instead of) 事實(shí)上 de facto 不在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的證明 alibi 按比例的 pro rata,6 多用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞shall, should, may, will 在合同中用這些詞時(shí)要極其謹(jǐn)慎。權(quán)利義務(wù)的約見定部分構(gòu)成了合同的主體，這幾個(gè)詞如選用不當(dāng)，可能會(huì)引起糾紛。 Shall 約定當(dāng)事人的義務(wù)（應(yīng)當(dāng)做什么時(shí)候），英語法律條文中，表示強(qiáng)制性的“必須”的語義時(shí)，要用shall，

17、而不是should . may 旨在約定當(dāng)事人的權(quán)利（可以做什么） must 用于強(qiáng)制性義務(wù)（必須做什么）. may not (或shall not) 用于禁止性義務(wù)（不得做什么）。,The parties hereto shall, first of all, settle any dispute arising from or in connection with the contract by friendly negotiations. Should such negotiations fail, such dispute may be referred to the Peoples

18、Court having jurisdiction on such dispute for settlement in the absence of any arbitration clause in the disputed contract or in default of agreement reached after such dispute occurs. 雙方首先應(yīng)通過友好協(xié)商，解決因合同而發(fā)生的或與合同有關(guān)的爭(zhēng)議。如果協(xié)商未果，合同中又無仲裁條款約定或爭(zhēng)議發(fā)生后未就仲裁達(dá)成協(xié)議的，可將爭(zhēng)議提交有管轄權(quán)的人民法院解決。 It is hereby agreed that Party

19、B shall have no obligation to pay for the costs of such training, other than to pay for their traveling expenses to and from USA and their salaries. 雙方特此協(xié)議, 乙方除支付受訓(xùn)人員赴美國的往返旅費(fèi)及其薪金外，不負(fù)擔(dān)此類培訓(xùn)費(fèi)用.,7 經(jīng)常用一些特殊的表達(dá)方式 一些在普通英語中很少出現(xiàn)的連詞經(jīng)常在合同中出現(xiàn)。如: Notwithstanding , provided that, subject to, for the purpose of , i

20、n respect of , in respect thereof , in the event of , in the event that, including but not limited to, unless and until, if and only if, unless otherwise, where in the case, until otherwise, otherwise or, be liable to, in Testimony whereof, in Witness whereof,The works shall be measured, notwithstan

21、ding any general or local custom, except where otherwise specifically described or prescribed in the Contract. 除合同另有規(guī)定外，即使有一般或當(dāng)?shù)亓?xí)慣，工程也應(yīng)當(dāng)被計(jì)算。 Instruction given by the Engineer shall be in writing, provided that if for any reason the Engineer consider it necessary to give any such instruction. 若工程師認(rèn)為由

22、于某種原因有必要發(fā)出任何指示，工程師應(yīng)以書面形式發(fā)出此類指示。 Subject to the Clause 17, no variation in or modification of the terms to the Contract shall be made except by written amendment signed by the parties. 根據(jù)第17條規(guī)定，合同的任何變更或修改，必須以雙方簽訂的修改文本為準(zhǔn)。,合同英語句法特點(diǎn)： 結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，句式較長，從句等附加成分多，但位置明顯，對(duì)主句意義進(jìn)行解釋、限制和補(bǔ)充。主要是為了體現(xiàn)莊嚴(yán)，另外為了避免歧義和引發(fā)爭(zhēng)端。 例如：

23、貨物抵達(dá)目的港15天內(nèi)，買方可以憑有信譽(yù)的公共 檢驗(yàn)員出示的檢驗(yàn)證明向賣方提出短重索賠。 The Buyers may，within 15 days after arrival of the goods at the destination，lodge a claim against the sellers for short-weight being supported by Inspection Certificate issued by a reputable public surveyor.,買方須于本合同簽字并生效后30天內(nèi)通過出口地銀行開立以賣方為受益人的不可撤銷信用證支付全部貨款

24、計(jì)30 000美元。 Within 30 days after the signing and coming into effect of this contract， the Buyer shall proceed to pay the price for the goods to the Seller by opening an irrevocable L/C for the full amount of USD30，000 in favor of the Seller through a bank at export port.,買方須于中國銀行收到賣方下列單據(jù)，并經(jīng)審核證實(shí)無誤后的20天內(nèi)向賣方支付350000美元，但此款項(xiàng)的支付不得早于合同工廠第一次達(dá)到附件所規(guī)定之質(zhì)量保證指標(biāo)的95%以后的12個(gè)月，或本合同簽字后的65個(gè)月，以早到的日期為準(zhǔn)。 T