1、2012 年碩士研究生入學(xué)初試試題 代碼：達(dá) 2科目名稱： 啖亟 . n 本試題共且 項 凸 2 ) 1 i 行按題目順序在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答題ttU 作徑 答在題簽或萍稿紙上鈕無效。 畔 art IVocabula”andstmcture(20%） Di函 tions.:Tihere are 20 incomp ete sentences .in th;ispart貯 f or each there ar,e fo r choices ple aiSe chooise fhe ONE ans:wer rh試 bes tcomplet邸 ithe sentence雪

2、.The. e ar小qua-ke t扯iuig pJace in lt:1pan.caused _niuc le 打 leaK B) killi旭C) deadly-D!) dea小ly2. Thiscompany ispr-educing weapon叩 A) i f忒aiB) ki:IUngC) deadlyD1) deathlJ,Be ca 呻 I otto damage other people飛prope屯 A) pe飛onnelB) pesonaC) pivacy:Dcommon4. Hefinallv decided to transfer 加 m make-ting d，e但

3、 rtment tol department匿 publicB)pmonalizeC) pe飛 orme1D) personaI5. The issue,of wron,gfu.l comvi,Ictions do邸 .not _just t10 c邸 es tha pre二 d職 : DNA比 Sting) fitB.) useC)iapp yD) suit Sinee the 19160sthe B:ri莊i.sh have beco,:m.e ,nore ,adventu roIJ.Js in thei diet and now eat a wide _o,f food from 租 僅

4、 und the world.A) variousB) valria, ttionC) variety:oJ va巧 7. F 邱 fuod h 邸 al.so b 歡 omemomA) availa bl1eB) inc:red ible C) excessiv,eD)app1i.cabe-8. Hambu屯er restaurants nowthe traditiona,切 仰 P“nri行， A) combatB) fi 的 t) rivall flsh-an d-chip shOP1) defeat9雪 The mi.dda y meal is usuaUy _to as luneh

5、and the evening 1:neat。邸 dinneraA) ren.ardedB)nsid eredC) thoughtD) 呵 er1它d10宵 Si milarlY m叩 y p心 ple 勛 lO,礙 e r have mm e 由an a:,sn ack in the middle of the day. : 1unch or)enjoyableB) heaw,C) riChD) li，即 l l琶 oid _!you)d bet忙 r s即 t by explainingthe whole idea rrombeginni哩 to end in an orderly way

6、嗣 l- A . .l.mpmssmnB. amusementC. confUsionD. po.isorned aU. the way to the c-ore. Deep-weU 而也ion invoives drilling a hol,e a few thous叩 .d feet如 p 叩 i.nje呻ing_ toxic s bst邱 ces at extr,etn:eI high pressures. so they wiH penetr.aite d玩 p into E叩 h. Ac-00:rd ing; to the n

7、vironmen組 IPr,o億cttonA:毆 ncy(EPA)tlhereareabout360such dee廬 njection weils inthe United, States. Wecannot forg氣 the groundw ate a.q:uife1-s（含水層）小at are ,clos礦to 由e surf郤 e. These must al,so b oont.amina杞 d. T伍s. ,is e函 l.y done by shallow-well inj忱 tion, ony closer to he su油”，寄 The groundwater that

8、hais been injected with to;xins wil spread he co:ntatnination beneath :Barth. 嚇 e. EPA estimatedthat there ar,e about oo ,OOO shallow-ini眈 tion weIIs i n th e Uni怓 l Sta比s.勹The. next best metJ10.d is to bu巧 to,xi邱 i n Ea咄 The toxins fromlandfils 書 dumps, and lagoons .d owfy s玩 p into1 Earth, guarant

9、eein,g thatcontaminatiOn will I 邸 t a long time Be 切 USe the EPA 笠 timates that there 邱 only :about 50:l!OOO of flh岱 e dumps in th United States, !Jhey shou d be located in 毗 邸 where t,he y wiU le昢 to 小e su盯 0皿 ding ground and surface water.4 嚇 e ocean is ve 巧 恤 d to contami:nate because it h 邸 such

10、 a 缸 ge volume and anatural buffering capacity thattends to neut ralizes omC lof the contamination.So in 叫ditio,n to the poUution fJiom. r ivers虧 we m邯 t use the,oce卯 as a dumping p 即 e for as manyoxins ats po,ssibl.e. Th.e ocea_n c urrents wiU help t-fansport the pollution to pace小璣 cannot 1otherwi

11、se bea:ched.5 Now m故 e sure tha且 ir 如 皿 d E畔 is very pollu比Kf Combusdon and evaporation 扛 e m司Or mech畫 sms for doing this. W, e must eontinw,o usl,y pwo lu e hecaus-ethe wind wiU disperse the to勸ns, whilerain w邸 h邸 them from the air導(dǎo) but由 is. is ,g ood b氏 ause a 記w lakes. are stripped of an living a

12、nim als 紐 ch year fro:m a,cid rain Bee叩 跁 the lower a血 岱 phe re can leanse its elf fairly easily, we must explode nuclear bom 忱 that shoot mdioac tive p叩 i1cles, high i_ntothe upper atmosphere whe-re they w-ifl ciil/c,. Earth for years,. Gravity must puU some o八 he parti1d es to Earth so we mus t co

13、ntinue 鄰 plodin-,g the.se bombs.37. What is th.e best substano for 伽e lo.ng心 血 poisonlng o,f. Ea咄？ KOA. Plutonium B,. Urawn um.- 238 c, p,Oly,ch orin啦 d b印henylD.D38Dee-p-weUmj ectioin can poison A. the ,core of Ea呻. t,he groundw.at,盯 aquifers .B. al1 the waters on EartJh D.thesur

14、face of E 叩 h- ，. Which is t he most difficult to poll啦？ A. Lakes,B. Ooeeans.C. Rivers,:o, Ponds.40憎， Which ofthe .following, polution?acwt o:nscancauthemo雙 seri.ousairA. Launchingro吹 ets mtospa忱 氣 Bumingcoals 中 B. Driving c 阮 D. TestLng nucle缸 bombs.P,a.r t IllCl叨 e (10%） e following tips盯 e des1ig

15、ned for s 血 s ed and busy peop,le who would like to incr 函 their 1ene喲 level in a heaUhy way in order to get:more out 由 eilr walki咡 hours, m咄 ing lt seem U,k eday.ther-e is inor,e t n1e in theExen:ise Regu 寂ly咖 ，AgailJ,if you Jie busy to spend time exercisin gt but you reaUy ca nt afford not to. Not

16、 only you 血 y feel youcantvill exereise 江ive you more-to accomplish thin 羅 and 加 p your,efiev e stress,. it can. mi. pr,ove - y1our 1overan -:- in important ways aHo,wing, you to potentiaUy Hve longer, whjch gives you much more ti.me in加 lo_ng _If y,ou d,ont .havetimeto go to a ,_ once a day, you ca

17、n save tim.ie_1- lbybringing workout shoes to the off四 印 d wakin,g_ during yourunch-. ou m.ost lik,eiy wont get ov,erly sw,eaty as you would if you 熾 匯 doing mo1re strenuous exeilicise1, but youll still get a good wo1rk1outtaking mucb time out y1our schedu._,Find a sport you like.,and take a cl雹 If

18、you put it into youili 沁 hedule, you千 H be le邸 lik ey tskip, the work1outs bee匹 e y,ou reso busy.Do yo薩 in the m,orning. ogac叩 sup,piy a g1ood w,orkout-, and itprovides se冗 ntity 邱 ，d other benefits, t the sam:e ti.me. Doling, s orme. y,ogabefor,e your morning shower can b如 me a paof your routine th

19、at doesn itup too much add山itionalwt咖 me.，一- 一 you hav,e a bus.y schedm le書 y,ou c叩 ll一do several.:mini-work,out, which are b邸 icab)ly asl邸 big on邸 礎(chǔ) d c叩 l a比 you up and n1吐e you moreproductive._ ) 1b eB) failC)relmberD) a行ord 1142. Aene喲) stressUC-,C每1) confiden.43. )1 d ispu比

20、B) leath, e ) healthD,） p璣 em44. A45. Anight竊 mBrur)b 打 ) dayC) c的D) 1fimeclub46A ， 頂 nB) vacationC) restD) br1e ak48.) maKC.) takeC) putD work, _ 4, 9A) Althou紗 - ）As long邸 C), H ardly. if5匕 l.o ng) acti四C)effectiveiihopefulPart IV TrJla廿on fro m “ glish in”hhe 1(110%） 51ever interrupt your eney wJ

21、hen he is m:ak.i na: a mistak,e.apo: eont S2. Jt :is mproper not to ,give btoreOOlVl. .53. TheeaI me懿 ure of ,our weaJth is how mucli weJd b aU our :money霪 worth i,e l 二54. Be who you are 叩 d 妞 ywhatu fe吐 b忱 ause tho(S who matter donit mind 書 and those that mind domt :mat杞r.55“Therere thimgs you .lo

22、 ve to h,切 but you,voud nev,er he盯 it 阮 :m th 應(yīng) pe0,nwhon1OU,lould like to he;ar it fmmbut dont be deafto hearit fron1 thper$on who says it 勸 th Ids he 缸 la r“ V Tr a nsh 廿on fm m Chinese in to Eng1kh 100%56. “吾十有五而志于學(xué)， 三十而立，四十 而不惑，五 十而知天命， I 耳順， 七十而從心所欲i不逾矩（不超越正確的范圍）0“這是孔子一的心路歷

23、.,.婦57. , 微 旅游“開始盛行悠旅游， 顧名思義就是短距離的旅行， 團(tuán)時 可以出發(fā)： 不體要太多的行裝，不需要長時間粕心計劃和刻懟安排，不刻沼拜訪名勝占跡； I- ii I 能到一個陌生的城市， 走一條陌生的小路， 看陌生的一切； 也可有大陷隱于市，逗留 在原本生活、工作的城市叩 逃離一切或者部分屯刁產(chǎn)品，只 是讀讀書、曬曬太陽、發(fā)發(fā)呆、到陌 生的地方找陌生的人” 聊片刻， 甚至只是慢慢享用一頓可口的大餐或在絲瓜棚 卜嘗農(nóng)豕十示0P 盯 t VI Writine (20%,)your writing .s houd! be no less th血 20 words. TopiCKnow

24、l叫 ge and Dipl如 III 3_，l2. The new poet”collection w邸 介om, a wide vadety of sourc-and mndudes poe ms 什01m t-welvecountries and seven 心 nturies薩 , .enownedB+ assun,edC. queu司D. com.piled3. In. a crowded dormitoryl! i.t s 灼 ry i mpo由 :nt to beof other peoples need s : and feeJi n邸 .

25、 .o ncenung飛 consideringC.co nsiderablD. considerate14. f vou kfirm aon y,our c:hUdi-en. th r learn to l1emselve立 貯 .qui pB. 穸ipC,. segmentD. grim15. . As s) on 邸 the director eftt th,e ro;om, Pe忙 r 一，一_ his wid stories.,to e:nt,e氓 in us withA,. co nillmunic a伈dB. committedC. oomme n心 dD. coU psedl6

26、 . It ismy flrmthatVloIence s never a reasonable solutlon t” “ nflict.A commissionB.conviction17. As the director is a1 wa meetingthiafternoon.燈 . solution. abortiontrip, Pl p 兀 side -thA.onwi.rhC. ,overD. to巴 8, AlI the 陽 tha! have p,邸 sed have n”一 my n1,emory of our fl悶 trip in A. weakened. shorte

27、dc. confro nl.D. dimmeI9. Colors,often hav,em,e a_ni,ngs that vary from cuhtre t,o ,cuhu1它， A. misfonuneB. symbolicC., arousingD., weary20. We1nusttryonebest to the Iiving standad of th.eo r, d“i a ry people.A. raiseB risL. anseD. arou 匕 ,ar it IIRiead.ing compreh.ension (Five passages 10 %, )assae:

28、e O n,eA fmner computer pr0grammer at Goldman Sacl 岱 Wall Street headquarters has been charged with swalillilg trade secrets, by downloading sensitive computer oodes that dirive the investm,ent b叨 ks automa.tk trading svs比ms. Semey Aleynikov, a 393心扣._,old Russian, im:migrant to the U. S. was arrest

29、ed by FBI agents at New Yorkb Newark a 叩 叩 on Friday after o ldm印 邱 ed the 曲 :rm over a suspe啦 d security breach（違反）， AManhattan iudg,e gra, nt的 hm bail today on condition that he r-aises s -ure ty rt ,;.750,000.H,e is accused by U.S. prosecutors of lmproped y copying codes used t

30、o drive 訂adin,g systems and o,ruploading the infonnatonto a file-sh盯 in w,ebsite.Acco.rding t9 court documents; tb.e w,ebsite is registered to an undisclosedindivi du吐 in Landonbut is 郘 SOcia職 d with a compu比r serve m Germ 叩 y,.A cri n1i.nal complaint -flied by the FBI aneges. that over the course o

31、f-our davs Iast 1J1.o nth咂 AJeyni1kov up1loaded 32MB of infon11atior1 fr,o.m,w employer wwh ch i.sdescribed in court documents s.i mp,ly as a.h flna:ncbil i n函 tution”. Howeve r嘈 it was ,identified by WaU Street suurces as 1Gokin1邸 SachsHe w邸 on a. sa lary ,of $400,000 unU his departu r,e from Go.kh

32、nan ;nearly June to-, j,oin a 1Chi妞 go firm which, he told his bos沈 S, was offering to tripe h s re1nu nerati,on. The co,mplaint d.es c:ri.bes. the infonna:Uon stolen from Go drnan as, s oftwa飛 code that driv邸 1aplatform performing . i;.,.ophis tic ated, high-speed and. hlgh-voiume trades on various

33、 st ock andcommod:it y mark1ets by qurucky obtaini鳴 and analyzing inf ormat ion about changes in m盯 ket conditio邸 It co1ntinues: 叮 he trades made th rough the platform, m picd ly generate m叩 y miliom of doll虹 s of profit per y,ear for the finan cial institut i.on.AJ1eynikov is accu沁d of downl迎 dlng

34、the codes through his. w,ork d岱 k.top, a home computer amd a aptop. 0 咄 iman disc over1ed tJ1e aleged brieai.cli throu勍 monito血 g systems th孤 scan皿 ployees e-1naU messages:ro,r transfers of com;puter codeand flag up any anempts to upload 行 es to- external &erv,ersln common with 百 val Wal s阮b邱 缸， Goi

35、dman discloses little bout its tradingmethodsSoftwareplatforms used to drjve automatic trades.arecon idered.tobehi,ghy commerciaHysensitiv e.Goldm叩 declined. to comment, a昢 ough a sour忱 1close to the band said the,e had menno impact on clie啦 .AJe:ynik10,V :swife,Ell in禮 toldR.eutersher husband was i

36、 nnoc妞 t, describmg him 邸 a 孚,od 1citizeri who h.as 1 ived 1 the U.S. fo-r 19 years2l. What ,can we 妞 n about Serg咑 Aieyn.ikiov according to the passage?3 A) H1e iS anAmericanwhoworks in RB) He is stiU workmg in1Go:lan1am.) He h邸 beencb扛 ged with co汀uption.千 He h邸 been suspe

37、ct忒 oftrade secrets st-ea Iing2. Thecodesfortradingsyste:c.opie.d byergeIKo 亡 ) can onmy be s佃red. in A.merica. J belo ng. to Goldman itse:lr.have no relationship w-ith Ooid1nan D1) were stolen by someo.1ne ln u ,e1man23. We ,ca,n i nfer from the fourth paragraph. that A) Aleynikov 歸 set up a comp狐

38、y in Chicago, by himse:irI Iv o ldman 兀 fused Aleyni1kov sr,equ邸 t of tdpling, his saary AWeynikov w邸 attract出 bythe new fl而 s salary .offerD)Aeynitov_ has already郔1t gr-e汛 profit from the softwa億 code24. Ho-v dwd Goldman find out A eyn:ikov s steal ing,?A) Through its internal security systems.B) T

39、hrou,ghS Can_fling. the ,exemal w,ebsites.C) 1 T hr,oughA!eynikov s. work,compu te.r.D1) Through.Aleyn:ikovs home computer andaptop25What 1can be infer.red fr,o1, n the l邸 t paragraph?) Elina h邸 1evide:rnc e for A eynikovs lnno,cent，護(hù) B) Goldman飛bums ness bas been affect-ed a lot.) Gold1nan has :mad

40、e a. declaration to it cUents.D) Trading method s”國 -e vitaJ to ban氐 in wall Street. assageTwoAlmost an types of jobs can .beon.e from1 the home from freelancewdting，血 nscription!o 1CUSto,mer serv:iiee and sales. Be-cause of the gr10嘰 h.andthe low,ering cos.ts- of communication devices. and m1ediai

41、you no :Ion,gerneed to be strapp.ed to the o ce desk 8_hours a day S days. a week to do a phenomena job and when done cor, rectly the s t-up is mutuaiy for bo,th the worker 砒 d his 1em.ployer or contra呻or.For the employ1er) it mea郎 lower head costs and the added bonus o

42、f not havrnng to deal whh the 叩nployee _per-sonally every day半 0 ften. when roj_ects and jobs ar-e outsourced（外包）to wndiv i.dual!s who ar,e under self-employed status, the e1;np Qyer no longer has to p13y for the h1比met use ellectriicity叩 d even a ot of Human Resource funct1,on.or rhe emp1loyee, it

43、means ke-ei:ring -a persona iz吼 tlex;ible tfrne and having mor1e time to do other things. This means that depending on the work oad,. a 加 e lancer may opt to work 和 Il days or shoner.Or he can choose to work at a. time that is most c onveni,e11t for hhn. It mea111s beim- g able to strucUIre ones wor

44、k lifeto maintain thebest worK Iife-home life Jaance poss.ible Som1e fr-eelance . jobs also anow the wnrker to Vork anywhere :i n the w1orld he chooses. Freel狙ice writers have the opportunity0WO歡 from hom.e Or even in a su血 y sort whileon vacation L叩 t-Op are,great tools. and since there i.spractica

45、Uy Int ernet connecfioin ava:i1ab1.eorldwide. you ,can send in your work e:Venif your 1c.ontatt 書 is bafway.aroundthe world. It ats o me句1s not having to deal with office politics and e:motional I y drainin ,g co.Heagues. and bosses.0foourse there are also dow函 desto working. at home,. :First th可e a

46、m a Iot fff dis.tractions when working at home. Someti1nes, it 千s easy t-0 p:ri oiri:ti攻 other things a ide from work that may 1切 .ve you be-eomlng a lot less productive. It. is bCst to set upa home office 叩 d maintain a regu ar time for work so peop;le will le出:n no1t to disturb you. You may al,so

47、choose to 如 a dedicated phone ine and Internet for your w,ork so that you can 心 ocus on woirk 叩 d not have to 1ente1rtai, n persona phon:e 也Ils while wo.如 n汀 節(jié) lf, -,em.ploym1ent aso r,eqlJi r-es a Io,t of 沈 lf d:i.sci pJine since you 妞 ve to maint i n your own work sch吐 ul,e a:rnd work at your own

48、pace whhout anyone puslh_ing you 即 26. fyou wanttostaya:way fromtheoffi也 ，youcan A) t巧 your best to be an employerB) join in t.he media industriesC) reaize it rhroq勍， aJkinds of jobsD) find so,me h p throu的 t he communi cation d切 ices.5 27. What s the disadvantage of working at home?download.kaoyan.

49、com“You have notimeto deal with pe飛onal phonesB) You have. to pay for the In紀(jì)met by yo畔 .f.1 You 1mav be ieasH:y influen心 d by other thin穿 DWou have no personal offi,ce and flxed work tm記 28. Tbi:s text is. mainly tal記皿 about co1n1nwni1c璣lon devfoes .and1nedia develoorne:nt working awaryfrom theoffi

50、cCl ho,w to sav,e investm口1.t on workD) tli,e. variety of working styl,es邸 sageThmcInv邸 ting in space tecl.moo竊 now 1Day be simi ar ,to buying M icriosoflsh釭 es two decades 1, g o: hi.g, hly profi:tab le. lt-s eems小e next in:dustry 邸 龍 to1experi ence an 忒 0 nomic boom will 加 th, e toumm.exp oration

51、of space alild spaceasttnonth, thefirstES.AIn.vestment f ontmt,ook placeatthe_, u:rope卯 沖 祀 R岱 earCh叩 d Techml哩 y Centre n the N1ether血 d. Morethan lOO palticipa nts from aJJ over 小e world.showed up an,d i nte.r,est fo1 inViestmiemts in the fie:dexpressed叨 The foms of the ln災(zāi) stm ,ent lForu mi is to

52、 highlight t.h,e commercialbenefits of satellite and. space technology in application on Ear th 狟 d to give potential investo,rs an opportunity to meet with a number of start-up companiesusing spin姐 （派生物）的m space 比clmology,“ explained Fr皿k M. Sa 屯eber, acting Head, of, the TTP o訪ce. M,any n妞 co:rnpan jes are dev,eo,ping spac七 冗 lated products mid services, p,ro-ving that space wi H be the next big attracUcm for people,v:ho want to inv,est: in som1ethin2 nor simolv don 伽 w wh訊 iodo with au tltle money.-w projec估 from a. bro.ad r