1、1/8八年級上完形填空練習(xí)一、完型填空的解題總則文章首句要重視，全篇理解有啟示。記敘體裁為主體，通讀全文明意旨。填空多是實意詞，四個選項巧設(shè)計，詞類范疇必同一。確定最佳靠邏輯，字里行間找信息。個別填空借常識，相近詞義細辨析，習(xí)慣用法靠記憶，復(fù)讀反思再核實。完型填空SECTION解題原則完形填空如何入手？1.做題前先花30-45秒預(yù)覽文章， 大致了解文章的體裁（記敘、議論或者）、文章內(nèi)容、幾個段落、是否有小標(biāo)題和項目符號（這個往往是該段的主題句）。2.做題時，首句和小標(biāo)題重點讀，充分體會文章論證結(jié)構(gòu)，靈活使用技巧（例子與例子的關(guān)系，例子與中心句的關(guān)系，平行關(guān)系等），注意邏輯對應(yīng)，指代清晰。特別提

2、醒，絕對避免見空填空，（即看到一個空格，直接看選項進行選擇），這樣很危險，失誤率會大大增加。再次強調(diào)，完形填空強調(diào)單詞、短語在語境（句子層面，段落層面，篇章層面）的應(yīng)用。請?zhí)畹谝桓裨~，務(wù)必讀到第二格，很多時候兩格之間出題者往往給了很多暗示和線索。依次類推，填第二格請務(wù)必讀到第三格。如第一格在第二段，也請認真讀完第一段，切莫跳過，因為前文可能在給全文或者該段足夠的背景敘述。同理，如最后一格后還有句子或者段落，請務(wù)必讀完。3.完成題后，請重讀該文1-2遍，確保單詞在該句語法，語義，語境都合適。非常強調(diào)邏輯對應(yīng)：1.首句必重點讀首句很多情況是Topicsentence（主題句），告訴你文章的背景和主

3、旨。首句一般不設(shè)空，如果首句設(shè)空，請重點讀后面的例子，例子里面會提供線索。現(xiàn)在很多考題都是用后面的例子印證首句。EG1:（11長寧）Thesedays,itisforchildrenasyoungasSammytobesogoodatcomputers.ManyChildrenusecomputersathomeoratschoolandsomeschoolsevenhavetheirownwebsites.A.hardB.unusualC.commonD.dangerous如果學(xué)生分析這四個詞用法，那就和這道考題背道而馳了，首句設(shè)空，我們重點讀后面的那句話很多孩子在家里，學(xué)校使用電腦，甚至一

4、些學(xué)校有他們自己的網(wǎng)站”，說明對電腦的使用是持肯定意見的，選項C為正確答案，A、B、D都為否定意見，故不選。EG2:（13長寧）Ifyouhavenomobilephone,nocomputer,andnoInternetwithyou,whatwillyoudowithyourfreetime?2/8Willyougo80?A.enjoyableB.interestingC.crazyD.busy2.例子之間關(guān)系例子聯(lián)合起來都是去證明本文中心的，但例子與例子有時候會有正反對比或者是平行關(guān)系。(12虹口)Inmostmenageries,animalswerekeptinsmalldirtyc

5、ages.However,inmodernzoos,animalsarekeptinhabitats(棲息地)thatlooklike81areas.81.A)nativeB)narrowC)naturalD)national3.最佳適用原則舉個這例子，如果這樣出題。這位男士很,每次和女生一起出去逛街的時候都會為女生拉開商場大門，直到身邊所有的女生都通過。假設(shè)選項如下AgoodBniceCgentleDhandsome你會如何選？很多學(xué)生會選good,覺得good是萬能詞，但這里錯了，完形填空一定要基于語境，選擇一個最適合，最具體，不是最寬泛的詞語。因而Cgentle很紳士是最佳答案。(12虹

6、口)Peoplewho85animalrightsdontlikethedisplayofanimalsinzoos.Butotherpeoplefeelthatzooscareforandprotecttheanimals.Theyfeelthatthisiswhymanyexoticspeciesarestillalivetoday.85.A)playatrickonB)gettiredofC)payattentiontoD)goonwith4.場景匹配原則(2011長寧一模)SammyLiu,asix-year-oldboyfromKowloon,hasbecomeaherorecent

7、ly.Onedayheusedthefamilytostoparobbery.A.radioB.computerC.recorderD.telephone后文都在說關(guān)于電腦使用，這里選擇ACD顯然不合適，文章里根本就沒有提到收音機，錄音機和電話，雖然電話也能用來報警，但是一定要基于原文的場景。5.平行并列原則完形填空文章很多時候是圍繞一個話題展開，每個段落有的時候發(fā)展模式都是差不多的，前面提到如果首句設(shè)空，除了關(guān)注到后面的例子，還不妨可以關(guān)注下一段首句或者再下下段首句。類似的如果某段末句設(shè)空不妨也可以關(guān)注一下下面一段的末句。例如有一篇文章是討論積極態(tài)度給生活、工作、健康帶來的好處，其中第二段末

8、句這么寫：withanactive,youcanovercomeallthedifficulties.需要我4填空。在第三段末句出現(xiàn)了withanactiveattitude,youcanbehealthy.如果學(xué)生在閱讀的時候關(guān)注到這句，使用了平行原則，自然就能填出attitude.二、完型填空的解題方法：方法1.充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到對選擇有提示作用的詞或句。這些詞有時可能是同義詞或反義詞。例1.Theamountofusablewaterhasalwaysbeenofgreatinterestintheworld.21springsandstreamssometimesmea

9、nscontrol,particularlyinthe22areaslikethedesert.3/821.A.UsingB.HoldingC.OwningD.Finding22.A.dryB.distantC.desertedD.wild例2.The33watersupplyforecastisbasedmoreonthewaterfromthe34thanfromthebelow.33.A.correctB.furtherC.averageD.early34.A.cloudsB.skyC.airD.above例3.In1964ShirleygraduatedfromGallaudetand

10、lookedfor_44_.Shewantedtobe_45_andworkfulltime.rmationB.helpC.ajobD.anassistant45.A.happyB.independentC.freeD.confident方法2.注意固定的搭配， 包括動詞與介詞的搭配、 動詞與名詞的搭配以及形容詞與名詞的搭配等， 同時要根據(jù)內(nèi)容選擇正確的短語。例1.Hed36hislifebrewingbeerforlocalbreweriesonlytomakealiving,37hadhisfatherandgrandfatherbeforehim.36.A.costB.spentC.ta

11、keD.paid37.A.likeB.asifC.soD.nor例2.IcalledmybeerSamuelAdams,51thebrewerandpatriot(愛國者)whohelpedtostarttheBostonTeaparty.51A.forB.atC.inD.after例3.Hedidnthearthebellforhewascompletelyinreadingthenewspaper.A.interestedBcenteredCaddictedDabsorbed方法3.注意同義詞的辨義例1.Herfacewasfamiliartome,butIcouldnot8.rwhere

12、andhowIhadseenher.(remember)例2.AllatonceI10.rwhereIhadseenher.(realized)例3.ThenIexplainedthatIhad13.rherfromthephotoIfoundinthepurse.(recognized)方法 4.根據(jù)動作的發(fā)出者確定所選的詞1) Andvideocamerascanbeusedtopeoplesactionsathome.A.keepB.makeC.recordD.watch2) Thewatch,whichMrsSmithhadonthetableasshestartedherlectur

13、e,disappeared.A.seenB.droppedC.foundD.laid3) Whenthepaperswereshediscoveredthattwelveboyshadmadeexactlythesamemistakesthroughoutthetest.A.collectedB.completedC.markedD.answered方法5.根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系確定選項例1.Theexplorersfoundthattheislandhadgoodsoil37the200nativeslivingtheresurvivedwithlittlefood.37.A.andB.but

14、C.howeverD.still例2.Herfatherhad36hertwothings.Onewasnottopullheroutofthewater37sheasked.36.A.givenB.refusedC.allowedD.promised37.A.asB.unlessC.evenifD.when例3.So,at24Idecidedtodropout.42,myparentsdidntthinkthiswasagreatidea.42.A.FortunatelyB.ObviouslyC.PossiblyD.Properly方法6.根據(jù)生活常識以及相關(guān)知識確定選項例1.in1967s

15、hewasaskedtoworkatGallaudetUniversityasadormsupervisor(宿舍監(jiān)管員).Shirleysupervisedyoungwomenwho_47_intheuniversityduringtheschoolyear.47.A.workedB.studiedC.livedD.played方法7.根據(jù)作者的態(tài)度，觀點，情緒來確定相關(guān)選項例1.Lifeisvery55,sodontrushtomakedecisions.Lifedoesntletyouplan.55.A.hardB.busyC.shortD.long例2.Thisis39themosti

16、mportantcharacterofcreativepeopleisaverystrong40tofindawayoutoftrouble.39.A.whyB.forC.howD.because4/840.A.desireB.inspireC.influenceD.attitude完型填空專項練習(xí)1Ifyouhavenomobilephone,nocomputer,andnoInternetwithyou,whatwillyoudowithyourfreetime?Willyou5/8go80?Harley,a15-year-oldgirlfromCalifornia,USstayedcal

17、m.Shedidsomethingdifferent.Hermobilephonedidnworkoneday,soshedecidedtotryandlive81it.Shetookasix-weeksummertravelwithsomefriends.Harleyandtenotherteenagersrodetheirbikes3,000milesacrosstheStates.Withtwocollegestudentsasguides,theystartedfromabeachinGeorgiaonJune23.Theytravelledthroughsmalltownsinthe

18、south,they82inthemountains.Itsnoteasytofindacomfortableplacetosleep.Itwastoohotinthesouth,andsuperwet,too.mosquitoes（蚊子）werearoundthem83whensleepingoutside.Althoughthereweregroup,Harleysaid.Fromthesethings,Atthebeginningofthetwentiethcentury,trafficinbigcitiessuchasNewYorkandLondonbecameverybusy.Car

19、riages,horses,andbikesrushedineverydirection（方向），andthentheywere80bythenewesttoyoftherichpeople,theautomobiles（汽車）.Inthosedays,crossingastreetusedtobearealchallengeforpeoplewalking.Therewereno81fordrivers.TheNewYorkPoliceDepartmenthadtocreateaspecialgroupofpolicementocontroltraffic.Policeofficerssto

20、odatcrossroadsandtriedtodirectthetraffic,butveryoftentheywererunoverbyvehicles（車輛）.By1912,NewYorkCityhad38,000motorvehicles.82hadtobedoneaboutallthetrafficonthestreets!In1916,thefirsttraffictowerwas83inNewYork,atthecrossroadsofFifthAvenueand42ndStreet.Atrafficofficercontrolledthree500-wattlamps.They

21、were40centimetersindiameter,andtheywerered,yellow,andgreen.However,atthetime,red84trafficinalldirectionshadtostop,yellowstoppedonlyeast-westtraffic,andgreenstoppedonlynorth-southtraffic.Thiswasveryconfusing,soin1924thecityadopted（采用）thesystemusedinrailroads:redforstop,greenforgo,andyellowforslow.Thi

22、ssystembecamestandardallovertheworld.ThefirstautomatictrafficlightscameintouseinWolverhampton,England,in1927.Todaycomputerscontroltrafficlights,androadconditionsaremuchbetterthantheyusedtobe.Theonly85iswhenthereisapowercut.Theresultisoftenconfusiononthestreetsbecausethetrafficlightsdon80.A）joinedB）s

23、eenC）playedD）built8384,noonelefttheteam.Everyonewashard-workinganddideverythingfortheWelearnedhowtolivewithotherpeopleandlookaftereachother.theynotonly85themselves,butalsoopenedtheireyes.Southerrpeoplearereallysanicechangeofwhatmostofusareusenice,Harleysaid.Smallcommunitieswerejustthat.It，thecountry

24、lives.Itsawholenewworld.”80.A.enjoyableB.interestingC. crazyD.busy81.A.withB.withoutC. onD. for82.A.setafireB.watchedTVC. hadapicnicD. madecamps83.A.allthetimeB. forthetimebeingC.fromtimetotimeD.inashorttime84.A.happinessB.goodnessC. worriesD. difficulties85A.trainedB.taughtC. learnedD.practiced80.C

25、81.B82.D83.A84.D85.Ato.It26/881.A）roadsB）rulesC）jobsD）seats82.A)NothingB)EverythingC)AnythingD)Something83.A)putoffB)putoutC)putupD)puton84.A)stoppedB)controlledC)madeD)meant85.A)chanceB)problemC)answerD)advantage80A81B82D83C84D85B3EversinceJonathanhadsetupthehouseinComptonStreet,hehadlookedafteritv

26、erycarefully.Beforeheleftthehouseinthemorning,hecarefullyclosedallthedoorsdownstairs,openedsomewindowstolettheairinandlockedthefrontgate.80Jonathandidwastidyandorderly.OnesummereveningJonathanreturnedhome81atfiveminutestosevenexactly.Whenheopenedthefrontgate,heimmediatelynoticedsomethingstrange.Ther

27、ewasaheavyfootprintinthesoilinoneoftheflowerbeds.Jonathanwasjustgoingtoblame(責(zé)怪)themilkmanorthepostmanwhenhenoticedthatoneofthecurtainsinthefrontroomdownstairswasnotinitsusualplace.Thatwastoostrange!Jonathan82leftanythingoutofplace.Hewalkeduptothefrontdoorandopeneditquietly.Helistenedcarefullyforafe

28、wminutes,buthecouldhearnothing.Thefrontroomdoorwashalfopen.Jonathanthoughtaboutitcarefully,.83ifhehadforgottentocloseitthatmorning.Hehadneverforgottenbefore.Helookedinsidetheroom.Theshadow(影子)ofamanwasclearlyreflectedon(映在)thefarwallintheeveningsunlight.Hehadbeenstanding84thedoorsinceJonathanreturn.

29、Jonathanshutthedoorquicklyandturnedthekey.Thenhepickedupthetelephoneinthehallandcalledthepolice.Thethieftriedtoclimbthroughawindowtogetout,butJonathanhadexpectedthat.He85himwithhisumbrella,holdingitasasword(劍).Threeminuteslaterthepolicearrivedthere.Jonathanwasalittleangrythathehadtohavedinnerlaterth

30、anusual,butonthewholehefeltquitepleasedwithhimself.80.A)NothingB)SomethingC)AnythingD)Everything81.A)asusualB)allthetimeC)rightawayD)assoonas82.A)alwaysB)neverC)oftenD)seldom83.A)knowingB)guessingC)wonderingD)surprising84.A)atB)infrontofC)besideD)behind85.A)caughtB)attractedC)attackedD)pulled80.D81A

31、82.B83.C84.D85.C4ThisisatruestorywhichhappenedinEngland.Anoldman,whohadnochildren,felt80anddecidedtoliveintheSeniorCenter(養(yǎng)老院)whenheturned81.Afterheannouncedthathewouldsellhisluxurious(豪7/8華)house,hundredsofpeoplewhowantedtobuyitcametohim.Atfirst,theoldmanconsideredacceptingsomeonewhomight8280,000po

32、undsforthehouse,butsoonthepriceroseto100,000poundsandstillwenthigher.83,theoldmanlookedsadandunhappy.Actually,ifhewaswell,hewouldnotsellthehouse,whichhadaccompaniedhimformorethanhalfofhislife.Oneday,ayoungmanvisitedtheoldman.Hebentdownalittleandsaid84ownthishouse,butIonlyhave10,000pounds.Yetifyousel

33、littome,I85youcanstilllivehereandbehappywithme.Wewilldrinktea,readnewspapers,andtakeawalkeverydaytogether.Pleasebelieveinme,andIbesttotakegoodcareofyou.Theoldmansmiledandnodded.Hesoldthehousetotheyoungmanatapriceof10,000pounds.Sometimes,whatreallycounts(有價值，重要)isloveforothers.80.D81.C82.A83.A84.C85.

34、BFormanypeople,havingyourownbusinesssoundsliketheperfectjob.Youcandoworkthatyoulove.Youcansetyourowntimetable,andwearjeanstowork.Youneverhaveto80aboss,andyoumakealldecisionsyourself.Youcanevenraiseyoursalaryanytimeyouwant.Havingyourownbusinesscan,t)esaysDavidPaik.Afterworkingforanadvertisingagencyfo

35、rsixyears,hestartedawebsitedesignbusinessathome.Hisincomeinthefirsttwomonthswas$0.82,hegotabigprojectcreatingawebsiteforamagazine.Thenhehadanewproblem:histimetable.Designissuccessful,butDavidsays,Ireallywasnpreparedtobeabusinessowner.Ididnt83thedifficulty.seasytotaketoomuchtimeiotfgettoolittleworkdo

36、ne.Withnoworkmates,youmightfeelboredor84.Youhavetopayforyourownholidays.Ifyoumakeabadbusinessdecision,youcouldloseallthemoney.Forallofthesereasons,morethanhalfofallnewbusinessesfailwithinoneyear.)80.A)relaxedB)worriedC)proudD)lonely)81.A)richerandricherB)sadderandsadderC)weakerandweakerD)moreandmore

37、disappointed)82.A)offerB)orderC)buyD)reuse)83.A)HoweverB)WhatsmoreC)AfterallD)Bytheway)84.A)carefullyB)quietlyC)honestlyD)happily)85.A)predictB)promiseC)requireD)warnButtherealityisdifferent.wasworkingtwelvehoursaday,sevendaysaweek,becauseIdidnthaveemployeestohelpme.Today,PaWithnoboss,it8/8Anotherpr

38、oblemisbalancingworkwithpersonallife.Asabusinessowner,youcantjuststopat59/8aboutyourworkuntiltomorrow.EvenwhenImwatchingTVintheevening,InkingmalaM曲ystlmhy85andprojects,saysDaik.Still,hundredsofpeoplearoundtheworldstartbusinesseseveryday,andmostenjoytheexperience.advantagestohavingyourownbusiness,say

39、sDeniseWilliams,theownerofawomensclothirexactlyhowtodoyourwork,howmuchmoneyyouwanttomake,andwhowillworkforyou.”80.A)talkaboutB)listentoC)hearfromD)lookafter81.A)hardB)expensiveC)foolishD)strange82.A)AsaresultB)InadditionC)ForexampleD)Atlast83.A)memorizeB)realizeC)haveD)solve84.A)angryB)funnyC)lonely

40、D)sorry85.A)lessonsB)holidaysC)customersD)friends80.B81.A82.D83.B84.C85.C6AjoblessmanappliedforthepositionofoffcrosoyTheHRMK力資源)managerinterviewedhimthenwatchedhimcleaningthefloorasa80.Youareemployedhesaid.Givemeyoure-mailaddressandIllsendyoutheapplicationformtofillin,aswellasthedatewhenyoumay81.”ThemanrepliedButIdonthaveacomputer,nei