1、七、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞與虛擬語(yǔ)氣七、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞與虛擬語(yǔ)氣（一）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（一）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞熟讀深思熟讀深思熟讀下列句子，思考畫線情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)氣和用法。熟讀下列句子，思考畫線情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)氣和用法。1.He 1.He couldcould(=was able to) swim when he was (=was able to) swim when he was five. five.他五歲時(shí)就會(huì)游泳了。他五歲時(shí)就會(huì)游泳了。2.In the past 50 years or so,scientists 2.In the past 50 years or so,scientists have been able to

2、have been able to “see” farther and “see” farther and farther into the sky. farther into the sky.在過去在過去5050年里，科學(xué)家年里，科學(xué)家 們已經(jīng)能夠往天空看得更遠(yuǎn)。（不用們已經(jīng)能夠往天空看得更遠(yuǎn)。（不用cancan）3.He worked very hard and 3.He worked very hard and was able towas able to pass pass that examination. that examination.他學(xué)習(xí)非常努力，他能夠通他學(xué)習(xí)非常努力，他

3、能夠通 過那場(chǎng)考試。（不用過那場(chǎng)考試。（不用cancan）4.4.May/Might/Can/Could May/Might/Can/Could I have the I have the television on? television on? 我可以打開電視看嗎？我可以打開電視看嗎？ Yes,you Yes,you can/maycan/may. . 可以。（不用可以。（不用couldcould或或mightmight）5.I 5.I mustmust write a letter to the head teacher. write a letter to the head teach

4、er. 我非得給校長(zhǎng)寫封信不可。我非得給校長(zhǎng)寫封信不可。6.You 6.You have tohave to wear uniform on duty,dont wear uniform on duty,dont you? you?你在值班時(shí)必須穿制服，是嗎？（指約束）你在值班時(shí)必須穿制服，是嗎？（指約束）7.Yesterday morning I 7.Yesterday morning I had tohad to call on a call on a friend. friend.昨天早上我不得不去探訪了一個(gè)朋友。昨天早上我不得不去探訪了一個(gè)朋友。 （過去式不用（過去式不用mustmus

5、t）8.If it 8.If it shouldshould rain tomorrow,dont expect rain tomorrow,dont expect me. me.萬一明天下雨，就不要等我了。萬一明天下雨，就不要等我了。9.Its strange that he 9.Its strange that he should should be late.be late. 真奇怪，他竟會(huì)遲到。真奇怪，他竟會(huì)遲到。10.You 10.You ought to/shouldought to/should work harder than work harder than that. th

6、at.你應(yīng)當(dāng)更努力地工作。你應(yīng)當(dāng)更努力地工作。11.I 11.I ought toought to go and see my mother in go and see my mother in hospital tomorrow,but I dont think we hospital tomorrow,but I dont think we will. will.我按理應(yīng)當(dāng)在明天去看看住院的母親我按理應(yīng)當(dāng)在明天去看看住院的母親 的，但我認(rèn)為我們不會(huì)去。（強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀）的，但我認(rèn)為我們不會(huì)去。（強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀）12.You 12.You shallshall have it back next wee

7、k. have it back next week. 下星期一定還你。（承諾）下星期一定還你。（承諾）13.Candidates 13.Candidates shallshall remain in their seats remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. until all the papers have been collected. 應(yīng)試人必須呆在座位上，直到試卷完全收回，應(yīng)試人必須呆在座位上，直到試卷完全收回， 才能離開。（必須）才能離開。（必須）14.14.ShallShall he wai

8、t for you outside? he wait for you outside? 要不要他在外面等你？（征求意見）要不要他在外面等你？（征求意見）15.You 15.You neednt have mentionedneednt have mentioned it. it. 你本來不必提起這件事。你本來不必提起這件事。16.You 16.You might have beenmight have been more diligent. more diligent. 你本來可以更用功些。你本來可以更用功些。17.She 17.She could have appliedcould have

9、 applied for that job,but for that job,but she didnt. she didnt. 她本可以申請(qǐng)這份工作的，但她沒有。她本可以申請(qǐng)這份工作的，但她沒有。18.You 18.You oughtnt to/shouldnt have toldoughtnt to/shouldnt have told him about it. him about it.你本不該把這件事告訴他的。你本不該把這件事告訴他的。歸納總結(jié)歸納總結(jié)1.1.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的類型及特征情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的類型及特征 （1 1）只作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的有：）只作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的有：must,can (could),m

10、ust,can (could), may (might),ought to may (might),ought to。 （2 2）可作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞也可作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的有：）可作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞也可作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的有： need,dareneed,dare。 （3 3）可作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞也可作助動(dòng)詞的有：）可作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞也可作助動(dòng)詞的有：shall shall (should),will (would) (should),will (would)。 （4 4）具有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的某些特征的有：）具有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的某些特征的有：have/had have/had to to，used toused to。 （5 5）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有一定的詞

11、義，但不能單獨(dú)作謂）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有一定的詞義，但不能單獨(dú)作謂 語(yǔ)，適用于主語(yǔ)的各種人稱和數(shù)（語(yǔ)，適用于主語(yǔ)的各種人稱和數(shù)（have tohave to除除 外）。外）。2.shall2.shall的用法的用法 shallshall用于二、三人稱的陳述句，表示命令、允用于二、三人稱的陳述句，表示命令、允 許、警告、威脅、決心等；用于一、三人稱的許、警告、威脅、決心等；用于一、三人稱的 疑問句，表示征求對(duì)方的意見和指示。疑問句，表示征求對(duì)方的意見和指示。3.3.表能力表能力 cancan用來表示現(xiàn)在的或一般的能力（也可用用來表示現(xiàn)在的或一般的能力（也可用be be able to able to，但不

12、如，但不如cancan普遍）；表示將來的能力普遍）；表示將來的能力 用用will be able towill be able to；表示過去一般的能力（不；表示過去一般的能力（不 表示做與未做）用表示做與未做）用couldcould或或were/was able towere/was able to； 表示過去有能力并成功地做成了某事用表示過去有能力并成功地做成了某事用was/was/ were able to were able to；表示過去有能力做但未做用；表示過去有能力做但未做用 could have donecould have done。4.4.表推測(cè)（可能性）表推測(cè)（可能性）

13、cancan用于肯定句中表客觀的可能性；用于肯定句中表客觀的可能性；may/mustmay/must用用 于肯定句表實(shí)際的可能性；表示否定的推測(cè)要于肯定句表實(shí)際的可能性；表示否定的推測(cè)要 用用cant/couldntcant/couldnt；表示確定（或可能有的；表示確定（或可能有的 未來或期望）用未來或期望）用shouldshould。5.5.委婉語(yǔ)氣委婉語(yǔ)氣 問句中問句中could,might (could,might (及及would,should)would,should)等表示等表示 語(yǔ)氣的委婉，但在答語(yǔ)中應(yīng)用語(yǔ)氣的委婉，但在答語(yǔ)中應(yīng)用can/maycan/may。6.6.表示必要性

14、表示必要性 表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)肀仨氉瞿呈掠帽硎粳F(xiàn)在或?qū)肀仨氉瞿呈掠胢ustmust；不必做某；不必做某 事用事用dont have to do sth.dont have to do sth.或或dont need dont need to do sth. to do sth.或或neednt do sth.neednt do sth.；當(dāng)表示過去；當(dāng)表示過去 沒有必要做但實(shí)際上做了，用沒有必要做但實(shí)際上做了，用neednt have neednt have done sth. done sth.。7.“7.“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done”+have done”用法用法 should (

15、shouldnt) have doneshould (shouldnt) have done本來應(yīng)該（不本來應(yīng)該（不 該）做某事而未做（做了）該）做某事而未做（做了） could/might have donecould/might have done本來能夠本來能夠/ /可以做某事可以做某事 而未做而未做 neednt have doneneednt have done本來不必做某事但做了本來不必做某事但做了 must have done“must have done“一定已經(jīng)一定已經(jīng)”，表示對(duì)過，表示對(duì)過 去的肯定推測(cè)去的肯定推測(cè) cant/couldnt have done“cant/c

16、ouldnt have done“不可能已不可能已 經(jīng)經(jīng)”，表示對(duì)過去的否定推測(cè)，表示對(duì)過去的否定推測(cè)8.8.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的其他用法要點(diǎn)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的其他用法要點(diǎn) cant but+do sth.cant but+do sth.表示表示“不得不，只好不得不，只好”； may as well+may as well+動(dòng)詞原形，表示動(dòng)詞原形，表示“最好，不最好，不 妨妨”；cant (cant (或或nevernever等否定詞等否定詞) )與與enough enough ( (或或too much)too much)連用，表示連用，表示“再再也不為也不為 過過”；maymay可用于祈使句，表示祝愿；可用

17、于祈使句，表示祝愿；why (why (或或 how)+shouldhow)+should意為意為“竟會(huì)竟會(huì)”；mustmust還可表示還可表示“偏偏 要要/ /硬要硬要”做某事；做某事；mustntmustnt表示表示“禁止禁止”；對(duì)；對(duì) 以以maymay開頭的問句的否定問答應(yīng)用開頭的問句的否定問答應(yīng)用mustntmustnt；對(duì)；對(duì) 以以mustmust開頭的問句的否定問答應(yīng)用開頭的問句的否定問答應(yīng)用neednt neednt （或（或dont have todont have to）。）。（二）虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件句中的用法（二）虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件句中的用法熟讀深思熟讀深思熟讀下列句子，特別注意主

18、句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞熟讀下列句子，特別注意主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式。的形式。1.If I 1.If I werewere a bird,I a bird,I could flycould fly in the sky. in the sky. 假如我是一只小鳥，我就可以在天空飛翔。假如我是一只小鳥，我就可以在天空飛翔。2.We 2.We would staywould stay home if it home if it were to rainwere to rain tomorrow. tomorrow.假如明天下雨，我們將呆在家里。假如明天下雨，我們將呆在家里。3.In the past

19、,if someone 3.In the past,if someone had workedhad worked for a for a company for over 20 years,they company for over 20 years,they would have would have stayed stayed there until retirement. there until retirement. 在過去，如果一個(gè)人在一家公司工作超過在過去，如果一個(gè)人在一家公司工作超過2020 年，他就會(huì)在公司工作至退休。年，他就會(huì)在公司工作至退休。歸納總結(jié)歸納總結(jié)1.1.虛擬語(yǔ)

20、氣用于條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法是很重要虛擬語(yǔ)氣用于條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法是很重要 的，應(yīng)予以重視：的，應(yīng)予以重視： （1 1）表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)。從句結(jié)構(gòu)：）表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)。從句結(jié)構(gòu)： If+If+主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+ +動(dòng)詞的過去式（動(dòng)詞的過去式（bebe的過去式用的過去式用werewere）+ + 其他，主句結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)其他，主句結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+would/could/should+would/could/should+ 動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形+ +其他。其他。 （2 2）表示與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)。從句結(jié)構(gòu)：）表示與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)。從句結(jié)構(gòu)： If+If+主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+had done+had don

21、e+其他，主句結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)其他，主句結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ) +would/could/should+have done+would/could/should+have done+其他。另其他。另 外，考生還應(yīng)知道從句結(jié)構(gòu)可以轉(zhuǎn)化為省略倒外，考生還應(yīng)知道從句結(jié)構(gòu)可以轉(zhuǎn)化為省略倒 裝結(jié)構(gòu)：裝結(jié)構(gòu)：Had+Had+主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+done+done+其他。其他。 （3 3）表示與將來事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)。從句結(jié)構(gòu)：）表示與將來事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)。從句結(jié)構(gòu)： If+If+主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+were to/should+were to/should+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形+ +其他或其他或If+If+ 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+ +動(dòng)詞過去式動(dòng)詞過去式+ +其他

22、，主句結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)其他，主句結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ) +would/could/should+would/could/should+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形+ +其他。其他。2.2.當(dāng)條件狀語(yǔ)從句表示的動(dòng)作和主句表示的動(dòng)作當(dāng)條件狀語(yǔ)從句表示的動(dòng)作和主句表示的動(dòng)作 所發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，被稱為錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件所發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，被稱為錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件 句，動(dòng)詞的形式應(yīng)根據(jù)它所表示的時(shí)間作出相句，動(dòng)詞的形式應(yīng)根據(jù)它所表示的時(shí)間作出相 應(yīng)的調(diào)整。應(yīng)的調(diào)整。3.3.在條件句中可省略在條件句中可省略if,if,把把were,had,shouldwere,had,should提到提到 句首，變?yōu)榈寡b句式；若省略的條件句中的謂句首，變?yōu)?/p>

23、倒裝句式；若省略的條件句中的謂 語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是否定形式時(shí)，不能用動(dòng)詞的縮略形式。語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是否定形式時(shí)，不能用動(dòng)詞的縮略形式。4.4.用介詞或介詞短語(yǔ)代替條件狀語(yǔ)從句：用介詞或介詞短語(yǔ)代替條件狀語(yǔ)從句：with a with a million dollars million dollars相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于if you had a million if you had a million dollars;without your help dollars;without your help相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于if I if I hadnt got your help;but for your help hadnt

24、got your help;but for your help相相 當(dāng)于當(dāng)于if it hadnt been for your helpif it hadnt been for your help。5.5.含蓄條件句：有時(shí)為了表達(dá)的需要，在虛擬語(yǔ)含蓄條件句：有時(shí)為了表達(dá)的需要，在虛擬語(yǔ) 氣中并不總是出現(xiàn)氣中并不總是出現(xiàn)ifif引導(dǎo)的條件句，而是用引導(dǎo)的條件句，而是用 otherwise,orotherwise,or等副詞、連詞代替。等副詞、連詞代替。 （三）幾種特殊的虛擬語(yǔ)氣（三）幾種特殊的虛擬語(yǔ)氣熟讀深思熟讀深思熟讀下列句子，體會(huì)虛擬語(yǔ)氣，注意謂語(yǔ)的構(gòu)成。熟讀下列句子，體會(huì)虛擬語(yǔ)氣，注意謂語(yǔ)

25、的構(gòu)成。1.I wish I 1.I wish I had beenhad been with you yesterday. with you yesterday. 要是我昨天跟你們?cè)谝黄鹁秃昧?。要是我昨天跟你們?cè)谝黄鹁秃昧恕?.I wish I 2.I wish I could flycould fly like a bird. like a bird. 但愿我能像鳥一樣飛。但愿我能像鳥一樣飛。3.If only I 3.If only I couldcould fly like a bird. fly like a bird. 要是我能像鳥一樣能飛就好了。要是我能像鳥一樣能飛就好了。4.L

26、i Ming speaks English as if he 4.Li Ming speaks English as if he were were an an American. American. 李明講英語(yǔ)就像一個(gè)美國(guó)人。李明講英語(yǔ)就像一個(gè)美國(guó)人。5.I would rather you 5.I would rather you diddid it now. it now. 我寧愿你現(xiàn)在做這件事。我寧愿你現(xiàn)在做這件事。6.Id rather you 6.Id rather you hadnt toldhadnt told me the truth. me the truth. 我寧愿你沒

27、告訴我真相。我寧愿你沒告訴我真相。7.They requested that the meeting 7.They requested that the meeting (should) (should) be be postponed. postponed. 他們請(qǐng)求推遲開會(huì)。他們請(qǐng)求推遲開會(huì)。8.It is time that we 8.It is time that we made/should makemade/should make a a decision. decision. 是我們作出決定的時(shí)候了。是我們作出決定的時(shí)候了。歸納總結(jié)歸納總結(jié)1.1.虛擬語(yǔ)氣在名詞性從句中的運(yùn)用虛擬

28、語(yǔ)氣在名詞性從句中的運(yùn)用 （1 1）在賓語(yǔ)從句中）在賓語(yǔ)從句中 wishwish后面的賓語(yǔ)從句，表示一種不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的后面的賓語(yǔ)從句，表示一種不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的 愿望，如動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作與愿望，如動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作與wishwish同時(shí)發(fā)生，用過去時(shí)同時(shí)發(fā)生，用過去時(shí) （如先于（如先于wishwish發(fā)生發(fā)生, ,則用過去完成時(shí)）；表示則用過去完成時(shí)）；表示 “ “建議建議”的的suggestsuggest后面的賓語(yǔ)從句中，應(yīng)用后面的賓語(yǔ)從句中，應(yīng)用 （shouldshould）+ +動(dòng)詞原形結(jié)構(gòu)（此外，其它表動(dòng)詞原形結(jié)構(gòu)（此外，其它表“建建 議；愿望；命令議；愿望；命令”等的動(dòng)詞等的動(dòng)詞demand,order,de

29、mand,order, advise,require advise,require等也有同樣用法）；等也有同樣用法）；would would rather rather后的賓語(yǔ)從句中，也用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，其謂后的賓語(yǔ)從句中，也用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，其謂 語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過去式。語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過去式。 （2 2）在主語(yǔ)從句中）在主語(yǔ)從句中 It is suggested/strange (It is suggested/strange (或或proposed/proposed/ necessary/important/essential necessary/important/essential等等)+that)+that從

30、從 句，即主語(yǔ)從句，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用句，即主語(yǔ)從句，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用 （shouldshould）+ +動(dòng)詞原形。動(dòng)詞原形。 （3 3）在表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中）在表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中 在在idea,suggestion (idea,suggestion (或或proposal,order,proposal,order, plan,request,advice plan,request,advice等等) )后的表語(yǔ)從句和同位后的表語(yǔ)從句和同位 語(yǔ)從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，其構(gòu)成為語(yǔ)從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，其構(gòu)成為should+should+動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞 原形。原形。2.2.常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣的特殊句式常用

31、虛擬語(yǔ)氣的特殊句式 as if/as thoughas if/as though從句中的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)由該從句中動(dòng)從句中的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)由該從句中動(dòng) 詞所表達(dá)的動(dòng)作與主句中動(dòng)詞所表達(dá)的動(dòng)作發(fā)詞所表達(dá)的動(dòng)作與主句中動(dòng)詞所表達(dá)的動(dòng)作發(fā) 生的先后順序來確定（同時(shí)應(yīng)用過去時(shí)，先于生的先后順序來確定（同時(shí)應(yīng)用過去時(shí)，先于 主句動(dòng)詞用過去完成時(shí)，后于主句動(dòng)詞用過去主句動(dòng)詞用過去完成時(shí)，后于主句動(dòng)詞用過去 將來時(shí)）；將來時(shí)）；Its (high) time (that).Its (high) time (that).句型句型 中，定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用過去時(shí)；中，定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用過去時(shí)；if if only on

32、ly引導(dǎo)的感嘆句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過去時(shí)（有引導(dǎo)的感嘆句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過去時(shí)（有 時(shí)也可用過去完成時(shí)）。時(shí)也可用過去完成時(shí)）。試題精選試題精選1.English is a language that many people 1.English is a language that many people around the world around the world not speak perfectly not speak perfectly but at least but at least understand. understand. A.may;can A.may;canB.woul

33、d;mightB.would;might C.will;must C.will;mustD.could;mightD.could;might 解析解析 根據(jù)句意和句子的語(yǔ)氣可知根據(jù)句意和句子的語(yǔ)氣可知, ,第一空表示第一空表示 一種可能性一種可能性, ,用用may not speak(may not speak(可能不會(huì)說可能不會(huì)說););第第 二空表示有某種能力。二空表示有某種能力。A2.Didnt they come to the party last 2.Didnt they come to the party last week week？ Yes.They didnt want to

34、 come with us Yes.They didnt want to come with us at first,but then we at first,but then we persuade persuade them. them. A.would A.wouldB.couldB.could C.were able to C.were able toD.had toD.had to 解析解析 根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境及講話人的語(yǔ)氣根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境及講話人的語(yǔ)氣, ,選項(xiàng)動(dòng)選項(xiàng)動(dòng) 作表示經(jīng)過努力才完成的。在這種語(yǔ)氣的肯定作表示經(jīng)過努力才完成的。在這種語(yǔ)氣的肯定 句和疑問句中句和疑問句中, ,常用常

35、用be able to,be able to,在否定句中可在否定句中可 用用cancan。C3.I promise my daughter 3.I promise my daughter get a nice get a nice present on her birthday. present on her birthday. Will it be a big surprise to her Will it be a big surprise to her？ A.shouldA.shouldB.mustB.must C.would C.wouldD.shallD.shall 解析解析 根據(jù)講

36、話人語(yǔ)氣可以知道根據(jù)講話人語(yǔ)氣可以知道, ,選項(xiàng)部分表示選項(xiàng)部分表示 講話人是給對(duì)方的一種承諾講話人是給對(duì)方的一種承諾, ,故應(yīng)該選情態(tài)動(dòng)詞故應(yīng)該選情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 shallshall用于第二或第三人稱用作主語(yǔ)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)用于第二或第三人稱用作主語(yǔ)的句子結(jié)構(gòu) 中。中。D4.All of us had a good time in the picnic 4.All of us had a good time in the picnic last Sunday.Pity you werent there. last Sunday.Pity you werent there. I really I real

37、ly come but I was looking come but I was looking after my mother in hospital. after my mother in hospital. A.must A.mustB.ought toB.ought to C.need have C.need haveD.should haveD.should have 解析解析 根據(jù)上下文和講話人語(yǔ)氣根據(jù)上下文和講話人語(yǔ)氣, ,選項(xiàng)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞選項(xiàng)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 表示表示“過去本該做而實(shí)際未做的事過去本該做而實(shí)際未做的事”, ,故應(yīng)選用故應(yīng)選用 should have done should

38、have done 或或ought to have doneought to have done。 must do,ought to domust do,ought to do表示還未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。表示還未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。 need have doneneed have done常用于否定或疑問句常用于否定或疑問句, ,表示表示“本本 來不必干某事來不必干某事”。D5.Did you scold him for his carelessness5.Did you scold him for his carelessness？ Yes,but Yes,but it. it. A.I would rat

39、her not do A.I would rather not do B.Id rather not have done B.Id rather not have done C.I shouldnt do C.I shouldnt do D.Id better not do D.Id better not do 解析解析 根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境可以知道根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境可以知道, ,選項(xiàng)動(dòng)作是對(duì)選項(xiàng)動(dòng)作是對(duì) 過去事情的推測(cè)過去事情的推測(cè), ,表示表示“過去已經(jīng)責(zé)怪過去已經(jīng)責(zé)怪, ,而寧愿而寧愿 該事情沒有發(fā)生該事情沒有發(fā)生”之意。故選之意。故選Id rather not Id rather not hav

40、e done, have done,其它三個(gè)選項(xiàng)表示對(duì)將要做的事情其它三個(gè)選項(xiàng)表示對(duì)將要做的事情 的態(tài)度。的態(tài)度。B6.Just as we were sitting down to have 6.Just as we were sitting down to have dinner,the telephone dinner,the telephone ring. ring. A.must A.mustB.couldB.could C.might C.mightD.needD.need 解析解析 mustmust在此表示說話人的愿望或感到不耐在此表示說話人的愿望或感到不耐 煩煩, ,意思為意思

41、為“偏要偏要”。句意為。句意為: :正當(dāng)我們要坐下正當(dāng)我們要坐下 來吃飯時(shí)來吃飯時(shí), ,偏偏電話鈴響了。其它選項(xiàng)無此意義。偏偏電話鈴響了。其它選項(xiàng)無此意義。A7.Would you like to stay for another two 7.Would you like to stay for another two days days？ Sorry,I Sorry,I .One of my best friends .One of my best friends is coming to see me. is coming to see me. A.mustnt A.mustntB.can

42、tB.cant C.neednt C.needntD.wontD.wont 解析解析 cantcant表示一種客觀可能性表示一種客觀可能性;mustnt;mustnt表表 示絕對(duì)否定示絕對(duì)否定“一定不一定不”;neednt;neednt不必不必;wont;wont 不愿意。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及說話人語(yǔ)氣不愿意。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及說話人語(yǔ)氣, ,選項(xiàng)部分表示選項(xiàng)部分表示 一種客觀可能性。一種客觀可能性。B8.Where is Johnson8.Where is Johnson？I cant find him I cant find him anywhere. anywhere. He He letters ups

43、tairs. letters upstairs. A.might have written A.might have written B.must have written B.must have written C.must be writing C.must be writing D.must write D.must write 解析解析 根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境可以知道根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)境可以知道, ,選項(xiàng)動(dòng)作是對(duì)選項(xiàng)動(dòng)作是對(duì) 現(xiàn)在事情的推測(cè)現(xiàn)在事情的推測(cè), ,故應(yīng)選用故應(yīng)選用must be doing,must be doing,而選而選 項(xiàng)項(xiàng)A A、B B是對(duì)過去事情的推測(cè)是對(duì)過去事情的推測(cè), ,

44、選項(xiàng)選項(xiàng)D D表示表示“將必將必 須做的事情須做的事情”, ,均不符合句子情景。均不符合句子情景。C9.Mrs.Smith,I will fetch ten chairs for 9.Mrs.Smith,I will fetch ten chairs for the meeting. the meeting. You You fetch ten;six will do. fetch ten;six will do. A.may not A.may notB.mustntB.mustnt C.neednt C.needntD.cantD.cant 解析解析 may notmay not不可以不可

45、以, ,表示允許表示允許;mustnt;mustnt一定一定 不不, ,表禁止表禁止;neednt;neednt沒必要沒必要, ,表示一種建表示一種建 議議;cant;cant不能不能, ,表示某種可能性。根據(jù)說話人表示某種可能性。根據(jù)說話人 語(yǔ)氣語(yǔ)氣, ,應(yīng)選應(yīng)選needntneednt。C10.You 10.You pay too much attention to your pay too much attention to your reading skill,as it is so important. reading skill,as it is so important. A.c

46、ant A.cantB.shouldB.should C.must C.mustD.needntD.neednt 解析解析 句意為句意為: :無論怎么注意你的閱讀技巧都不無論怎么注意你的閱讀技巧都不 過分，它很重要。同時(shí)句中由于有了過分，它很重要。同時(shí)句中由于有了too.totoo.to 結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu), ,只有只有cant cant 可以與它構(gòu)成固定短語(yǔ)有此可以與它構(gòu)成固定短語(yǔ)有此 含義。其它選項(xiàng)無此意。含義。其它選項(xiàng)無此意。A11.Can you come to attend our party 11.Can you come to attend our party tonight tonigh

47、t？ Sorry,but I do wish I Sorry,but I do wish I . . A.had A.hadB.canB.can C.will C.willD.couldD.could 解析解析 分析上下文語(yǔ)境可以知道分析上下文語(yǔ)境可以知道,wish,wish引導(dǎo)的賓引導(dǎo)的賓 語(yǔ)從句表示與將來事實(shí)相反的愿望語(yǔ)從句表示與將來事實(shí)相反的愿望, ,故應(yīng)用故應(yīng)用 would/could+would/could+動(dòng)詞原形。動(dòng)詞原形。D12.Its important that he 12.Its important that he advice of advice of other pe

48、ople about our work. other people about our work. A.ask A.askB.will askB.will ask C.must ask C.must askD.have askedD.have asked 解析解析 在句型在句型 It is important(strange,It is important(strange, natural,necessary.)+ natural,necessary.)+從句結(jié)構(gòu)中從句結(jié)構(gòu)中, ,從句中謂從句中謂 語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用“should+should+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成構(gòu)成,should ,s

49、hould 可以省略。可以省略。A13.If he 13.If he his legs in the last training, his legs in the last training, he the coming World Cup,which he has he the coming World Cup,which he has been longing to compete in. been longing to compete in. A.hadnt hurt;would join in A.hadnt hurt;would join in B.hadnt hurt;would

50、have taken part in B.hadnt hurt;would have taken part in C.didnt hurt;would go in for C.didnt hurt;would go in for D.didnt hurt;would have taken part in D.didnt hurt;would have taken part in 解析解析 根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可以知道根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可以知道, ,該題是由該題是由ifif引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo) 的條件狀語(yǔ)從句的條件狀語(yǔ)從句, ,分析句意分析句意, ,該句表示一種假設(shè)該句表示一種假設(shè), , 從句中的動(dòng)作是在過去發(fā)生從句中的

51、動(dòng)作是在過去發(fā)生, ,即表示與過去事實(shí)即表示與過去事實(shí) 相反相反, ,主句的動(dòng)作是在將來發(fā)生主句的動(dòng)作是在將來發(fā)生, ,即表示與將來即表示與將來 事實(shí)相反事實(shí)相反, ,故從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用故從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用had done,had done,主句用主句用 would (could,might)+would (could,might)+動(dòng)詞原形。動(dòng)詞原形。A14.I was caught in a traffic jam for over 14.I was caught in a traffic jam for over an hour,otherwise I an hour,otherwise I

52、you waiting you waiting for such a long time. for such a long time. A.will not keep A.will not keep B.have not kept B.have not kept C.had not kept C.had not kept D.would not have kept D.would not have kept 解析解析 根據(jù)句子意義根據(jù)句子意義,otherwise ,otherwise 前的分句為客前的分句為客 觀事實(shí)觀事實(shí), ,應(yīng)使用一般過去時(shí)應(yīng)使用一般過去時(shí), ,而而otherwise otherwise 后一后一 分句則表示與過去事實(shí)相反的一種假設(shè)分句則表示與過去事實(shí)相反的一種假設(shè), ,句中實(shí)句中實(shí) 際省略了際省略了if if 條件句條件句if I hadnt been if I hadnt been caught. caught.故選項(xiàng)部分應(yīng)為與過去事實(shí)相反的主故選項(xiàng)部分應(yīng)為與過去事實(shí)相反的主 句虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)句虛擬結(jié)構(gòu), ,應(yīng)選應(yīng)選