1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專(zhuān)心-專(zhuān)注-專(zhuān)業(yè)專(zhuān)心-專(zhuān)注-專(zhuān)業(yè)精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專(zhuān)心-專(zhuān)注-專(zhuān)業(yè)essay on america美國(guó)雜文當(dāng)清教徒住在英國(guó)時(shí)，他們因宗教信仰而受到迫害。The church of england prohibited them from worshipping in their own way.英國(guó)教會(huì)禁止他們以自己的方式崇拜。there was no debate about the validity of the puritans doctrine.關(guān)于清教徒教義的有效性，沒(méi)有爭(zhēng)論。they were considered her

2、etics by the absolute power and authority of the church ,exercising the power of the status quo.他們被認(rèn)為是異端的絕對(duì)權(quán)力和權(quán)威的教會(huì)，行使權(quán)力的現(xiàn)狀。(當(dāng)清教徒居住在英國(guó)時(shí)，他們因其宗教信仰而受到迫害。英格蘭教會(huì)禁止他們以自己的方式禮拜。沒(méi)有關(guān)于清教徒教義的有效性的辯論。他們被教會(huì)的絕對(duì)權(quán)力和權(quán)威視為異教徒，行使現(xiàn)狀的權(quán)力。)the Church of Englang believed in Christianity.英國(guó)教會(huì)信奉基督教。but was it the teaching of the

3、ir founder to persecute others,lock them and take away their freedom simply because their beliefs were different?但是，僅僅因?yàn)樗麄兊男叛霾煌麄兊膭?chuàng)立者的教導(dǎo)就是迫害他人，鎖住他們，剝奪他們的自由嗎？ In this case ,if they had cared to see,their own professed beliefs would have acted as a mirror to expose their hypocrisy and evil.在這種情況下，如果他

4、們想看的話，他們自己宣稱(chēng)的信仰就會(huì)成為一面鏡子，揭露他們的虛偽和邪惡。having the change to resettle in America the puritans acted.清教徒們改變了在美國(guó)定居的計(jì)劃。if they had stayd in England,the Church and the Government would have destroyed them because of their beliefs and because they did not have the support from the general populace at the time

5、.如果他們留在英國(guó)，教會(huì)和政府就會(huì)因?yàn)樗麄兊男叛龆輾麄?，因?yàn)樗麄儺?dāng)時(shí)沒(méi)有得到一般民眾的支持。what happened to the Puritans and their choice to settle in America set in motion a wave of determination so great,it not only became the driving force of the development and character of America society,but it also became the impetus for the spreading

6、 of human rights and democracy worldwide.清教徒所發(fā)生的事情，以及他們?cè)诿绹?guó)定居的選擇，掀起了一股如此強(qiáng)烈的決心浪潮，它不僅成為美國(guó)社會(huì)發(fā)展和品格的動(dòng)力，也成為人權(quán)和民主在世界范圍內(nèi)傳播的動(dòng)力。Why was this force so powerful that nothing could stop it form displaying its indomitable resolve in human spirit?為什么這股力量如此強(qiáng)大，以至于任何東西都無(wú)法阻止它在人類(lèi)精神中表現(xiàn)出其不屈不撓的決心？ The Church of England tri

7、ed to suppress the individual in their spiritual beliefs,their private domain, the seat of life where all people inquire about their own existence.英格蘭教會(huì)試圖壓制個(gè)人在他們的精神信仰，他們的私人領(lǐng)域，生活的中心，所有的人詢問(wèn)他們自己的存在。It tried to imprison their minds , the seat of judgment which is the main driving force to discern good f

8、rom evil.它試圖囚禁他們的思想，審判的中心，這是區(qū)分善惡的主要?jiǎng)恿?。This triggered a chain reaction that would release the flow of individual rights,that would saturate the American psyche,thus becoming the driving force that would shape our history and become the standard of behavior to protect what is most noble in humanity.這引

9、發(fā)了一種連鎖反應(yīng)，這種連鎖反應(yīng)會(huì)釋放個(gè)人權(quán)利的流動(dòng)，使美國(guó)人的心理飽和，從而成為塑造我們歷史的動(dòng)力，并成為保護(hù)人類(lèi)最崇高的東西的行為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。Now the seed was planted,from that time on the given right of the individual to stand up and depend himself aginst any foece or system that would subdue his rights was set in motion.現(xiàn)在種下了種子，從那時(shí)起，個(gè)人就有了站起來(lái)依靠自己的權(quán)利，因?yàn)槿魏螘?huì)征服他的權(quán)利的敵人或制度都會(huì)被

10、啟動(dòng)。this phenomenon where noble ideals continue to rise up even from the ashes of our own indignities is uniquely American.這一現(xiàn)象-即使是從我們自己的屈辱的灰燼中，崇高的理想繼續(xù)上升-是美國(guó)特有的。 the fact that we continually champion the cause for individual rights under any circumstances is what makes our struggle so important to th

11、e worlds social structure and its future.在任何情況下，我們都不斷捍衛(wèi)個(gè)人權(quán)利的事業(yè)，這使我們的斗爭(zhēng)對(duì)世界的社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)和未來(lái)如此重要。As time continued,many other people came to this country ,some for political reasons,some to escape prosecution and persecution ,some for economic reasons, and many were forced to come here and be sold as slaves.隨著

12、時(shí)間的推移，許多其他人來(lái)到這個(gè)國(guó)家，有些是出于政治原因，有些是為了逃避起訴和迫害，有些是出于經(jīng)濟(jì)原因，還有許多人被迫來(lái)到這里作為奴隸被販賣(mài)。 soon many different colonies were formed containing people from all parts of the globe,but still the English maintained an oppressive social and economiac grip over the colonies .很快就形成了許多不同的殖民地，其中包括來(lái)自世界各地的人，但英國(guó)人仍然對(duì)殖民地保持著壓迫性的社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)

13、控制。the colonists were an independent lot and there was no way they accepted the Church of England or the aristocratic social srructure as something they could embrace.殖民者是一個(gè)獨(dú)立的群體，他們不可能接受英格蘭教會(huì)或貴族社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)作為他們可以接受的東西。This became apparent in the War of Indenpendence ,which produced documents such as the Dec

14、laration of Independence and eventually the Constitution and Bill of Rights.這一點(diǎn)在獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中很明顯，這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)產(chǎn)生了諸如“獨(dú)立宣言”以及最終的“憲法”和“權(quán)利法案”等文件。These would confirm that the foundation of the country was the focus on individual freedom.這些將證實(shí)該國(guó)的基礎(chǔ)是關(guān)注個(gè)人自由。This was a far cry from a monarch and aristocracy where the people

15、were neither empowered by charter or even given the right to hold their own leaders accountable for their actions.這與君主制和貴族制度大相徑庭，在那里，人民既沒(méi)有得到憲章的授權(quán)，也沒(méi)有被賦予讓自己的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人對(duì)自己的行為負(fù)責(zé)的權(quán)利。Through this struggle a government was formed by the people and for the people where the leaders would be directly accountable to

16、 its citizens.在這場(chǎng)斗爭(zhēng)中，人民和人民組成了一個(gè)政府，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人將直接對(duì)其公民負(fù)責(zé)。Jefferson stated in the past people were never empowerrd to censure or punish their leaders and those that would even raise their voice in protest were consindered traitors.杰斐遜說(shuō)，在過(guò)去，人們從來(lái)沒(méi)有權(quán)力譴責(zé)或懲罰他們的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人，那些甚至?xí)岣咚麄兊穆曇艨棺h的人都是叛國(guó)者。This right is of central impo

17、rtance because it truly defines the core of our social and ethical system ,which had set us apart from the rest of the world.這一權(quán)利至關(guān)重要，因?yàn)樗嬲囟x了我們的社會(huì)和倫理體系的核心，這使我們與世界其他地區(qū)脫節(jié)。The Constisution provided the separation of Church and State.“憲法”規(guī)定了政教分離。Now the goverment became the blanket under which all peo

18、ple could have their own beliefs,the freedom to speak out without fear of backlash from any group,religious institution or the government itself.現(xiàn)在，政府變成了所有人都可以擁有自己信仰的毯子，他們可以自由地發(fā)表意見(jiàn)，而不必?fù)?dān)心任何團(tuán)體、The goverment was structured to protect and defend the rights of all the people.政府的結(jié)構(gòu)是為了保護(hù)和捍衛(wèi)全體人民的權(quán)利。Thus it

19、became the modle that influenced thinking so deeply, that it would give rise to the movement of enlightened structures in both the secular and religious realm in the twenty-first century.因此，它成為影響如此深刻的思維的模式，它將在21世紀(jì)引起開(kāi)明結(jié)構(gòu)在世俗和宗教領(lǐng)域的運(yùn)動(dòng)。宗教機(jī)構(gòu)或政府本身的強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)。This is in direct concurrence with the spirit and teac

20、hings of great religious leaders where the integrity of the individual is to be cherished and protected.這與偉大的宗教領(lǐng)袖的精神和教誨是直接一致的，在那里，個(gè)人的完整性將得到珍視和保護(hù)。 These founding documents would be the building blocks of a new emerging civilzation where the people are empowered to keep those who are in positions of a

21、uthority in check, in other words, to keep the status quo in check.這些創(chuàng)始文件將是新興文明的基石，在這種文明中，人民有權(quán)控制處于權(quán)威地位的人，換言之，就是控制現(xiàn)狀。Even though these documents were founded to protect the rights of the individual there was still slavery.盡管這些文件是為保護(hù)個(gè)人權(quán)利而建立的，但仍然存在奴隸制。 There Americans of African desent were considered

22、3/5 human.非洲裔美國(guó)人被認(rèn)為是人類(lèi)的3/5。Now the Church in Amweican became hypocritical.現(xiàn)在，美國(guó)教會(huì)變得偽善。 Not only did their own religious doctrines mirror their hypocrisy, but the Bill of Rights exposed their evil.他們自己的宗教教義不僅反映了他們的偽善，而且人權(quán)法案也揭露了他們的罪惡。 They had condoned and even protected the idea of slavery.他們寬恕甚至保護(hù)了奴

23、隸制的概念。 But the force of individual rights and the integrity of individuals continued to drive forward and now that it was written into our sacred founding documents ,such hypocrisy could not last.但是，個(gè)人權(quán)利的力量和個(gè)人的完整性繼續(xù)向前推進(jìn)，既然它已經(jīng)寫(xiě)入我們神圣的建國(guó)文件，這種虛偽就不可能持續(xù)下去。With the appearance of Lincoln,the status quo was

24、challenged again and institution that had supported social injustice was challenged by the integrity of the Bill of Rights.隨著林肯的出現(xiàn)，現(xiàn)狀再次受到挑戰(zhàn)，支持社會(huì)不公正的制度受到人權(quán)法案完整性的挑戰(zhàn)。 With that established , the indignity of slavery gave birth to the Emancipation Proclamation.隨著這一點(diǎn)的確立，奴隸制的侮辱產(chǎn)生了“解放宣言”。 Again the status

25、quo was put in check by our sacred doctrines and the people who close to speak out ,prorect and honor them .再一次，我們的神圣教義和那些接近發(fā)表言論、鼓吹和尊重這些教義的人，制止了現(xiàn)狀。The gap between the doctrines of the people and their actions now became smaller.人民的學(xué)說(shuō)與他們的行動(dòng)之間的差距現(xiàn)在越來(lái)越小。Amazingly,the driving force keeps moving forward

26、like a raging current that has only one purpose :to wash away all that is evil and perverse.令人驚奇的是，這股動(dòng)力就像一股狂暴的水流一樣繼續(xù)前進(jìn)，只有一個(gè)目的：沖走一切邪惡和邪惡的東西。Through the twentieth century this force continued to gather momentun,dawing into its vortex all manner of movements: womenrights ,civil rights,workerrights-the

27、list gose on ,the roar gets louder!在整個(gè)二十世紀(jì)，這股力量繼續(xù)聚集在一起，潛入各種運(yùn)動(dòng)的漩渦：婦女權(quán)利、公民權(quán)利、工人權(quán)利-這份清單在繼續(xù)，咆哮聲越來(lái)越大！ The strength of people to rise to the occasion when justice is thwarted continues.人民奮起迎接正義受挫的力量仍在繼續(xù)。 Now the seed plantrd over two hundred years ago honoring the integrity of and the individual ,acts as

28、the flag for our invincible fortress, a fortress that eternally protects all humanity form the advancement of tyranny and terrorism.二百多年前，種子種植以尊重個(gè)人的完整性為榮，充當(dāng)我們無(wú)敵堡壘的旗幟，這是一座永遠(yuǎn)保護(hù)全人類(lèi)不受暴政和恐怖主義之害的堡壘。This ideal alone is what directs our destiny and defines us as Americans.只有這一理想才能指導(dǎo)我們的命運(yùn)，并將我們定義為美國(guó)人。America

29、remains the great enigma to the rest of the world.美國(guó)仍然是世界上最偉大的謎團(tuán)。 How can a country that is so young give birth to process that is so profound and so advanced?一個(gè)這么年輕的國(guó)家怎么能產(chǎn)生如此深刻和先進(jìn)的進(jìn)程呢？ The answer lies in the fact that all countries in the world throughout history except America are homogenous where

30、 the systems main stress had been on the group ,not the individual.答案在于，縱觀歷史，除了美國(guó)以外，世界上所有國(guó)家都是同質(zhì)化的，美國(guó)的主要壓力來(lái)自于群體，而不是個(gè)人。 Within these system many individuals have had to sacrifice themselves to save the group or save face of the community even at the expence of their owm integrity.在這些系統(tǒng)中，許多人不得不犧牲自己來(lái)拯救群

31、體，甚至不惜犧牲自己的誠(chéng)信。 An individual in those systems rarely questions authority and in the rare case that it happens ,the person finds himself cut off or ostracized from the community where the social trends acquiescing to authority is the only acceptable behavior to keep the society unified and in harmony

32、在這些系統(tǒng)中，一個(gè)人很少質(zhì)疑權(quán)威，在罕見(jiàn)的情況下，他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己被切斷或排斥在社會(huì)趨勢(shì)默認(rèn)權(quán)威是唯一可接受的行為，以保持社會(huì)的統(tǒng)一和諧。But America emphasizes the development of strong, outspoken individual as the makeup of the group and nation, who would willingly ,if necessary ,give their lives to protect the integrity of the individual and their freedom first and foremost .但美國(guó)強(qiáng)調(diào)發(fā)展強(qiáng)大、直言不諱的個(gè)人，將其作為集團(tuán)和國(guó)家的組成部分，如果有必要，他們?cè)敢猥I(xiàn)