1、核心詞匯梳理并重點訓(xùn)練必修2Unit 1 Cultural relicssurvive, design, fancy, doubt, in search of, belong to, at war, think highly of,情態(tài)動詞 + havedonesurvive vt,比活得長；（經(jīng)過）活（保存）下來vi.活下來；幸存；殘留survive sth在之后仍然生存，從中逃生survive sb （by ） 比一活得長（幾年）survive on sth靠存活卜來survive from sth從存活卜來；流傳下來survivor n.生還者survival n.U存活，幸存C殘存物；

2、幸存事物eg: Many birds didn t survive the severe winter.Of the six people injured in the crash, only two survived. Some strange customs have survived from earlier times.注：The old man survived the earthquake, but nobody knew how he survived . Finally, he survived his wife by 10 years.design n,C設(shè)計樣式；設(shè)計圖樣；

3、（pl.）不良意圖；圖謀U設(shè)計工藝；設(shè)計布局；意圖 vt.設(shè)計，計劃；目的是；打算給by design = on purpose有意，故意have designs on / upon sth （money / life）圖謀（錢、生命等）be designed for sb / sth、be designed to do sth J為某目的或用途而制造或be designed as sth計劃eg: The magazine will appear in a new design from next month.They asked me to design a poster for the

4、campaign.The method is specifically designed for use in small groups.fancy adj,奇特的；異樣的vt, 想像；設(shè)想；愛好n,想像；愛好fancy clothes奇裝異服fancy goods精美小商品fancy + n. + (to be) + n.認(rèn)為是J fancy + n. + (as) +n.fancy (sb s) doing想像(某人)做某事fancy that認(rèn)為/以為have a fancy for愛好catch / take sb s fancy合某人的心意；吸引某人take a fancy to s

5、b / sth喜歡上某人/某物eg: Do you fancy going out this evening?She fancied herself (as / to be) a serious actress.She fancied that she heard footsteps behind her.注：fancy用作動詞，有時用于祈使句，表示驚奇、不相信、震驚等，后加名詞、代詞等作賓語，如Fancymeeting you here !doubt n.懷疑；疑惑vt.懷疑；不信d n.常與about / of等介詞連用，其后也可接同位語從句。doubt用在否定句中，后面接 that引導(dǎo)的

6、同位語從句；用在肯定句中，后面接 whether引導(dǎo)的同位語從句。注意不可以用if替換whether。(2 vt.后接名詞、代詞或賓語從句。在否定句和疑問句中，doubt后面接that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句；在肯定句中，doubt后面一般接whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。(3 由doubt組成的一些短語：in doubt懷疑；拿不定主意no / without / beyond doubt無疑地；必定；當(dāng)然There is no doubt about / that -clause 毫無疑問一eg: There is no doubt at all that we did the right th

7、ing.I never doubted that she would come.I doubt whether / if the new one will be any better.This meeting has been, without doubt, one of the most useful we have had so far.in search of 尋找in one s / the search for尋找，尋求search (sb / sth) for sb / sth為了找到某人/某物而搜一in memory of為了紀(jì)念in favor ofin honour ofin

8、 (the) hope ofin terms ofin view of支持，贊同為了紀(jì)念；為向表示敬意抱有的希望談及；就而言；在方面鑒于，由于eg: I went off in search of a garage where I could buy some petrol.The police searched the suspect but found no weapon on him.He searched desperately for something to say.注：in search of 中search前不帶任何限制詞，但 search前若有the, a或one s時，介詞

9、則用for。belong to 屬于；為的一員belong to表示“是一的財產(chǎn)（屬于）/是一的組成部分（屬于）/是一的成員（屬于）”。不用于被動語態(tài)和進行時態(tài)。belong還可用于除to以外的其他介詞或副詞前面，表示“某人 /某物處在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢茫辉谶@個地方正合 適/有用”。belongings n.財產(chǎn)，所有物，相關(guān)事物eg: Lions and tigers belong to the cat family.Have you ever belonged to a political party?Where do these plates belong?at war處于交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài)at work

10、在上班at play在玩at peace處于和平中at school在上學(xué)at breakfast在吃早飯at table在吃飯at desk什宇習(xí)at rest靜止eg: The two countries have been at war for years.At rest the insect looks like a dead leaf.The countries have been at peace for more than a century.注：on 也可表示在中”,常見搭配有：on duty / sale / fire / strike / business / showun

11、der 表示 “在” 中，常見搭配有： under way / control / repair / constructionthink well / much of認(rèn)為好；對評價高think highly of 看重；器重認(rèn)為不好，對評價不高考慮，關(guān)心想起，記得，覺得怎樣把當(dāng)做仔細(xì)考慮不把當(dāng)回事高度贊揚說好/壞高度贊揚think ill / poorly / not much / little of think aboutthink ofthink of asthink overthink nothing of speak highly ofspeak well / ill of sing

12、high praise for eg: We all think highly of her.He thinks nothing of walking four miles to work and back every day.I don t think much of her idea.注：當(dāng)think highly / well / muchof用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)時，修飾動詞的副詞應(yīng)放在動詞之前，即： be highly/ well / much thought of 。Frederick William I , the king of Prussia, could never have ima

13、gined that his greatest giftto the Russian People would have such an amazing history.情態(tài)動詞+ have done 的用法：could have done本能做某事卻未做couldn t / can t have done 對過去的否定推測，表“不可能干了某事”must have done 對過去的肯定推測，表“一定干了某事”may / might have done對過去的推測，表”可能已經(jīng)干了某事“needn t have done本不必做某事卻做了should have done 本該做而未做shoul

14、dn t have done本不該做卻做了eg: She may have said so.In those circumstances we could have done better.You should have told me this earlier.Can / Could he have read the book?練習(xí)：In such dry weather the flowers will have to be watered if they .A. have survived B. are to surviveC. would survive D. will survive

15、Whether by accident or , he arrived too late to help us.A. purpose B. aim C. design D. chanceHe fancies himself a pop star.A. to be B. as C. / D. all of the aboveYou may have your own decision on this matter, and I have little doubt you will succeed.A. if B. whether C. that D. whatChongqing and Wuha

16、nare amongthe most important cities in China their size and population.A. in favor of B. in case ofC. in view of D. in terms ofA police officer was sent to the crime.A. search B. explore C. survey D. investigateHe took away the bag not to him by mistake.A. belonged B. belongC. belonging D. belongsLe

17、ading the US women s volleyball team back to her hometown for the Beijing Olympic Games,Lang Ping felt when she saw some familiar faces.A. at home B. at heart C. at will D. at sightIm so busy while he isplay.A. on B. at C. on the D. at theHis work was by his boss.A. high thought B. high thought ofC.

18、 good thought D. well thought of-Alice looks sad. Did you tell her about the accident?-Yes, but I her just before her final exams.A. shouldn t tell B. shouldn t have toldC. needn t tell D. mustn t have toldThe boy the book so soon because it is difficult even to an adult.has finished readingwill fin

19、ish readingcan t have finished readingcan t have finished to readUnit 2 The Olympic Gamescompete, admit, charge, bargain, deserve, take part in, as well, work out, nor / neither +系動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+另一個主語，asas為爭取某物和某人對抗compete vi. 比賽；競爭compete with / against sb for sthcompete with sb / sthcompete petitivea

20、dj .competitorn.與媲美，比得上參加比賽/競爭比賽有競爭力的比賽者；對手eg: We can t compete with them on price.He s hoping to compete in the London marathon.The songs of the birds competed with the sound of the church bells.admit vt.&vi . 容許；承認(rèn)；接納admit + n. / doing (having done) / that-clause承認(rèn)某事/ (已經(jīng))做了某事承認(rèn)admit to sth / to d

21、oing sthadmit sb / sth to be承認(rèn)某人/某物是admit sb to / into準(zhǔn)許某人進入（或加入）admit of容許It is admitted that 人們公認(rèn)辨析 allow / permit / let / admit:d allow 強調(diào)默許。用法： allow sb to do / allow doing sth（2）permit有時可與allow通用，不過它的語氣更強，也更正式， 可用于“明文規(guī)定允許或不允許“，其用法為：permit sb doing / permit sb to do sth eg: The policeman permitt

22、ed him to park here.(3 let與上面兩個可以通用，不過更口語化，而且用法不同，其用法為:let sb do sth（4 admit其實只是表示“允許進入，接收（入學(xué)、入會等），其用法為： admit sb to，這里 to是介詞。除此之外，admit還可以解釋為“承認(rèn)”。eg: She admits （to） being strict with her children.They freely admit （that） they still have a lot to learn.He admitted having driven the car without insu

23、rance.Women were only admitted into the club last year.charge vt.&vi . 收費；控訴；充電n.費用；主管charge sb for sth收費，要價charge sth to sth記賬charge sb with sth / doing sth指控， 起訴， 指責(zé)free of charge免費in charge of主管，負(fù)責(zé)in the charge of由 負(fù)責(zé) / 掌管take charge of主管，負(fù)責(zé)eg: Do you think museums should charge for admission?He

24、was charged with murder.He took charge of the farm after his father s death.bargain vi.討價還價；講條件n.便宜貨bargain with sb about / over / for sth（和某人就某事）討價還價bargain sth away做虧本交易bargain for / on預(yù)料到，料想到（常用于否定句）make a bargain with sb和某人達成協(xié)議a good / bad bargain買得（不）合算eg: In the market dealers were bargaining

25、with growers over the price of coffee.He and his partner had made a bargain to tell each other everything.The car was a bargain at that price.deserve vi.&vt .應(yīng)受（報答或懲罰）；值得deserve consideration / attention值得考慮 / 注意deserve to do應(yīng)該deserve doing sth應(yīng)該，值得get what you deserve deserve all / everything you g

26、et罪有應(yīng)得eg: The report deserves careful consideration.They didn t deserve to win.He deserves to be locked up for ever for what he did.=He deserves locking up for ever for what he did.take part in 參力口辨析 join / join in / join sb in (doing) sth / take part in / attend:o join “參加”，指加入黨派、社會團體、軍隊等并成為其中一員。(2

27、 join in表示“參加某種活動”，in可為介詞，也可為副詞。(3 join sb in (doing) sth表示“參加某人所從事的活動”。(4 take part in指參加群眾性活動、會議并在其中起作用。(5 attend是正式用語，指參加會議、婚禮、典禮；聽報告、講座等。一般指成為觀眾或聽眾。eg: How many countries took part in the 29th Olympic Games in Beijing?Many young girls join aerobics classes to keep slim.I m sure you ll all join m

28、e in wishing Ted and Lawra a very happy marriage.The meeting was attended by 90% of share holders.as well 也；又；還d as well as用作連詞，連接兩個相同的成分，如名詞、形容詞、動詞、介詞等，通常不位于句首。此時as well as強調(diào)的重點在前面，不在后面，意為“不但而且;既又;除了之外,還有”。翻譯時要先譯后面，在譯前面。(2當(dāng)主語含有as well as 時，謂語動詞須和 as well as 前面的主語在數(shù)上保持一致。(3 as well as作介詞，相當(dāng)于 besides

29、 , in addition to ,意為除之外，后面通常接名詞或動詞-ing形式。(4 as well as結(jié)構(gòu)還可表示比較，引導(dǎo)一個比較狀語從句，意為“和一樣好”。(5 as well相當(dāng)于too和also ,用于肯定句中，表示“也，又，而且“，用于句尾。eg: He is sensible as well as kind.The organization encourages members to meet on a regular basis, as well as providing them with financial support.I m going to London an

30、d my sister s going as well.注：和as well as的用法一樣，連接主語時，謂語動詞和前面的主語保持一致的詞或短語還有：with , alongwith , together with , but, besides , rather than 等。eg: Mr Brown together with his wife and three children has been in China for 3 years.work out 解決；計算出；設(shè)計出；結(jié)果；鍛煉work against努力反對work as當(dāng)，做工作work at從事work for努力促成，為

31、工作work on從事，繼續(xù)eg: I ve worked out a new way of doing it.I wondered how their ideas worked out in practice.He is working on a new novel.He works out regularly to keep fit.No other country could join in,nor could slaves or women!0句型“nor / neither +系動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+另一個主語”用于否定陳述句之后，表示“也 不，相當(dāng)于either用于否定句。(2句

32、型“so +系動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+另一個主語”用于肯定陳述句之后，表示前句所說的情況 也適合于另一個人或物。(3)句型“So it is (was) with +另一主語”既能表示肯定意義，又能表示否定意義，其主要用于以下情況：上下文有兩個分句；上下文有兩個或兩個以上不同謂語；上下文既有肯定也有否定。(4句型“so +主語+系動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞”中的主語與前一句的主語通常是指同一個“人”或“物”，主語、謂語不需要倒裝。這種句型表示說話者贊同前句所提到的情況或事實，其中so作“不錯；確實如此”講。(5句型“主語 + do + so ”中，so和動詞do連用，替代上下文中出現(xiàn)過的動賓結(jié)構(gòu)或

33、動狀結(jié)構(gòu)，以避免 重復(fù)。eg: I have never been abroad, neither / nor has he.You can ride a bike. So can I.-Tom studies hard and is a good student.-So it is the same with Jack.There s as much competition among countries to host the Olympicsas to win Olympic medals.asas“像一一樣，正如，第一個as是副詞，修飾形容詞或副詞的原級；第二個as是連詞，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語

34、從句。在否定句中也可改為not as / so as，意為不如(2 有關(guān)as- - as的短語：as soon as就一as / so long as只要as much / many as多達；達到之多so / as far as遠(yuǎn)至；就而百as well as也；又as as possible盡可能as good as實際上；幾乎等于eg: I haven t known him as long as you (have known him).He was as white as sheet.She doesn t play as well as her sister.Teaching is

35、 as much an art as it is a science.練習(xí)：More than 10, 000 competitors from the world came to Beijing to compete each other medals in 2008.A. for; against B. against; withC. with; for D. for; withThe graduates into the company usually receive strict training before they start to work. A. accepted B. ac

36、ceptingC. admitted D. admittingWould you please give us an example your opinionon “Two Olympics, equal splendor ” ?A. in charge of B. in want ofC. in favor of D. in honor ofThe children were left charge of a nurse.A. in B. to the C. in the D. with們已經(jīng)講好了，他買東西我做飯。們沒有預(yù)料到這樣的天氣突變。些建議值得考慮。改錯： Would you li

37、ke to join us for the game? How many of us will take part in?-You seemed to be deeply struck by his skill.-Not exactly. It was his courage his skill that really struck me most.A. rather B. as well as C. but also D. not asPeople had to deal with the lack of food, clothing, fuel and almost everything,

38、 the danger from enemy action.A. as far as B. as long asC. as well as D. as soon asThe bank manager asked his assistant if it was possible for him to the investment plan.A. work out B. put outC. make out D. bring outIf you don t go to Tom s party, A . I don t go either B. so will IC. neither will I

39、D. nor do ILanguage belongs to each one of us, to the flower sellers to the professor._A. as much as B. as far asC. the same as D. as long as-What is the new bridge like?-Well, it is now of the old one.more than the width twicetwice more than the widthmore than twice as wide astwice more than as wid

40、e as15. - It s getting dark, but Mr Johnson is still at his office.-No surprise. Who else can he does?A. do less work than B. work as hardly asC. work as hard as D. be working hardly likeUnit 3 Computerscalculate, anyhow, signal, type, arise, in a way, with the help of, deal with, watch over, so / s

41、uch tha t1. calculatev.calculationn.calculator n.calculatingadj .be calculated to do sth a calculated risk calculate on doing sth計算，推算計算器，計算者有私心的；精明的打算或計劃做某事有意進行的冒險指望或依靠某事物eg: We haven t calculated the cost of the vacation yet.The advertisements are calculated to attract young single consumers.It ha

42、s been calculated that at least 47, 000 jobs were lost last year.anyhow adv.無論如何；即使如此6 無論如何，不管怎樣；總之；盡管如此”。作此意講時，anyhow和anyway一樣，都用作讓步狀語,一般置于句中（其前常有連詞but）或句末?！皼r且，更何況，再說，至少”。作此意講時，可用來作狀語，對前面的話作補充，給出一個令人信服的理由，此時anyhow常出現(xiàn)在句首或最后的分句之首，而不出現(xiàn)在句末。（3）“粗心地，隨意地”。作此意講時，anyhow不可與anyway互換。eg: I must finish my homew

43、ork before going to bed anyhow. Anyhow, you can try.His clothes were thrown down anyhow.signal vi.&vt .發(fā)信號n.信號a danger / warning / distress signal危險/警告/遇難信號traffic signals交通信號燈a stop signal停車信號signal (to) sb to do sth示意某人做某事向某人示意示意signal to sb signal (sb) thatcan t help doing sth禁不住做某事辨析 symbol / si

44、gn / signal / mark:均含“標(biāo)志，象征，符號”之意。d symbol指作象征或表達某種深邃意蘊的特殊事物。(2 sign普通用詞，指人們公認(rèn)的事物的記號，也可指某種情況的征兆。(3 signal指為某一目的而有意發(fā)出的信號。(4 mark普通用詞，含義廣泛。既可指為便于辨認(rèn)而有意做的標(biāo)記，又可指自然形成的標(biāo)記或有別于其他事物的特征。eg: All I get is a busy signal whenever I dial his number.He signaled (to) the waiter for the bill.She signaled (to) him to f

45、ollow her.type n.類型，種類，樣式v.打字a rare blood type罕見的血型different racial types不同 的人種type up打印出來辨析 kind / type :d kind表示種類時，用于指性質(zhì)相同且具有相似特征的東西。如 a kind of paper(2 type 比較具體，主要指類型、型號和樣式。如 different blood typeseg: She mixes with all types of people.How fast can you type?This letter needs to be typed again.ar

46、ise vi .出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生；起身，起床作呈現(xiàn)；出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生”之意時，主語多為以下抽象名詞：argument / problem / quarrel / question /movementarise from 由而引起；從中產(chǎn)生辨析 arise / arouse / rise / raise原形過去過去分詞v.-in式garise( vi .)出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生,起因于arosearisenarisingarouse ( vt.)喚醒，激起arousedarousedarousingrise( vi .)升起,起身，增長，上升roserisenrisingraise( vt.)舉起,喚起,提高，飼養(yǎng)ra

47、isedraisedraisingeg: How did this quarrel arise?He arose from his seat.Accidents often arise from carelessness.注：arise為不及物動詞，沒有被動語態(tài)。6. in a way在某種程度上all the way by the way by way of in no way in the way No way!一路上；自始至終；完全順便說經(jīng)由，途徑一點也不；決不擋事；礙事俚別想！沒門！on one s way / the way to在路上give way (to)讓步，屈服eg: Wh

48、y don t you stop by our place on your way to Boston?There is no waywe re going to get this task finished on time.Don t stand in the way.By the way, have you seen my umbrella anywhere?with the help of 在的幫助下help sb out幫助某人度過難關(guān) /擺脫困境help sb with sth幫助某人做某事help (to) do sth幫著做某事help oneself to自用(食物)；擅自取用

49、cannot help but do sth不得不做某事，只得做某事eg: She spoke with us with the help of an interpreter.I worked out the problem with the teacher s help .I cannot help but admit he is right.If you want another drink, just help yourself.deal with 處理；安排；對付deal with 和do with 都可表示“處理；對付，do with 常與連接代詞 what連用，而deal with

50、 常與連接副詞how連用。eg: I don t know how they will deal with the problem.=I don t know what they will do with the problem.Deal with a man as he deals with you.This is a book dealing with Asian problems.They have learned to deal with all sorts of people.watch over 看守；監(jiān)視；照看watch for留意，觀察等待watch out (for)警惕或注

51、意；提防keep (a) watch on監(jiān)視eg: They were watched over by three policemen.I m his best friend, and I will alwayswatch over him.The cat was on the wall, watching for birds.And my memory became so large that even I couldn t believe it!so / suchthat引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，意為“如此以至于。sothat的基本句式:a. so + adj. ( adv.或分詞)+ that

52、 從句so + adj. + a (an) + many / few +so +單數(shù)名詞+ that 從句復(fù)數(shù)名詞+?hat*從句much / little （ 少的）+不可數(shù)名詞（2句型區(qū)別:sothat 與 suchthat :都有“如此以至于”之意。 但so是副詞，修飾形容詞或副詞；而such是形容詞，修飾名詞(詞組)。 注意：so與such均要與不定冠詞和形容詞連用，但位置有別：so + adj. + a (an) + n. + that 從句；such + a (an) + adj . + n . + that 從句。如果后邊所接的名詞是不可數(shù)名詞時，只能用 such。sothat

53、/ so that ：sothat意為“如此一以至于”，只能引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句；而 so that意為“結(jié)果是；以便，目的 是，既可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，也可引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。 so that引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句時，從句中常使用 can / could / may / might / will / would / should等情態(tài)動詞；引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句時，從句中一般不用can和may等詞，在so that前可以有逗號，意思是“因此；所以。(3當(dāng)so - / such放在句首時，主句要用部分倒裝。eg: She was so excited that she couldn t go to sleep.I

54、t was so hot a day that nobody wanted to do anything. (= It was such a lot day that nobodywanted to do anything.)So fast did he run that I couldn t catch up with him.練習(xí)：.很難預(yù)測法律上的這些變化會產(chǎn)生怎樣的長期影響。.我無論如何不會給你添麻煩。. I might fail, but I insist on doing it. I don t mind.A. however B. anyhow C. yet D. meanwhi

55、le.右轉(zhuǎn)彎前你示意了嗎？.胸部疼痛可能是心臟病的報警信號。.那份報告你打出來沒有？Has that report been yet?.這種活你收多少錢？What do you charge for work ?. This is the point where the difference . A. rises B. raises C. arises D. happens. -I think he is taking an active part in social work.-1 agree with youA. in a way B. no the wayC. by the way D.

56、 in the way. My friends me（幫我度過難關(guān)）when I lost my job. I （情不自禁地認(rèn)為）he knows more than he has told us. Many colleges have taken measures tothe cheating of students in exams.A. work out B. find outC. deal with D. go with13.- for the glass!- It s OK. I m wearing shoes.A. Watch out B. Watch overC. Go over

57、 D. Set out14. about the economic crisis that he decided to look for more information about it.So curious he wasSo curious was heSuch curious he wasSuch curious was heUnit 4 Wildlife protectioncontain, affect, appreciate, succeed, harm, die out, come into being, protectfrom , longbefore1. contain vt

58、. 包含；容納；克制；抑制contain oneself克制自己container n.容器；集裝箱；貨柜辨析 contain / include / including / included:dcontain 意為“包含，含有，容納，里面裝有“，指的是包含的全部內(nèi)容或容量，也可指里面所含的成 分，不用于進行時態(tài)。（2）include意為“包含；連一在內(nèi)，計入，包括”，用于表示所包含之物中的一部分，其后的賓語往往是 主語的一部分。（3）including可以作介詞，放在所包括的東西之前。succeed (in) doing sth成功一succeed (in) doing sth成功一(4 i

59、ncluded是過去分詞性質(zhì)的形容詞，放在所包括的東西之后。eg: Orange juice contains things which help keep you healthy.This bottle contains two glasses of beer.She was too angry to contain herself.Many people like tennis, including me / me included.affect vt. 影響；感動；(疾病)侵襲be greatly / deeply affected彳艮 / 深受感動be affected by heat

60、 / cold中暑 / 著涼be affected with high fever發(fā)高燒辨析 affect / influence :d affect的賓語是物時，它包含足以引起反應(yīng)的刺激，有時包含一定的改變；當(dāng) affect的賓語是人時,它表示在心智上或感情上的影響，即感動。influence 表示“影響；感染”的意思時，是指使思想、行為、性質(zhì)或發(fā)展和成長等發(fā)生變化的影響。它可以指壞的影響，也可以指好的影響，這種影響常常是潛移默化的。eg: The slight change of weather can affect her delicate health.She was affected