1、ReadingCloning: In pairs, look at these pictures and discuss which ones are natural clones and which ones are man-made. Explain how they differ.Warming up一株草莓依靠它沿地“爬走”的匍匐莖,一年內就能長出數百株草莓苗富貴竹插枝即活仙人掌每塊落地就生根Dolly是世界上第一例用體細胞乳腺上皮細胞,通過細胞核移植技術,在復雜的人工操作下,得到的一只小綿羊 。多利2002年4月十六日美國第一頭克隆?！鞍住碑a下牛犢喜作媽咪我國成功繁殖克隆兔 體形要

2、比普通兔大許多2002年5月中旬成功地繁殖了一只胚胎細胞克隆兔。第一只克隆寵物貓克隆馬及其“母親兼姐姐”克隆的熒光小豬(左)和正常小豬(右) 克隆,是Clone的譯音,意為生物體通過細胞進行的無性繁殖形成的基因型完全相同的后代個體組成的種群,簡稱為“無性繁殖”。 “克隆”一詞于1903年被引入園藝學,以后逐漸應用于植物學、動物學和醫(yī)學等方面。但克隆與無性繁殖是不同的。無性繁殖是指不經過雌雄兩性生殖細胞的結合、只由一個生物體產生后代的生殖方式,常見的有孢子生殖、出芽生殖和分裂生殖。由植物的根、莖、葉等經過壓條或嫁接等方式產生新個體也叫無性繁殖。綿羊、猴子和牛等動物沒有人工操作是不能進行無性繁殖的

3、?？茖W家把人工遺傳操作動物繁殖的過程叫克隆,這門生物技術叫克隆技術。 克隆的基本過程是先將含有遺傳物質的供體細胞的核移植到去除了細胞核的卵細胞中,利用微電流刺激等使兩者融合為一體,然后促使這一新細胞分裂繁殖發(fā)育成胚胎,當胚胎發(fā)育到一定程度后,再被植入動物子宮中使動物懷孕,便可產下與提供細胞者基因相同的動物。這一過程中如果對供體細胞進行基因改造,那么無性繁殖的動物后代基因就會發(fā)生相同的變化。 In pairs discuss what you understand about cloning. Then list the questions you want to find out. Share

4、 your lists with one another.Pre-readingQuestions about cloning1. What is a clone?A clone is group of cells or organisms that are genetically identical and have been produced asexually from the same original cell. They include natural and man-made clones.2. How is a clone produced?The cloning of pla

5、nts is simple and relatively easy. It can be done by taking cuttings (man-made cloning) or letting the plant produce its own runners (natural cloning). The cloning of animals is more complicated. It was not achieved until 1996 and is fully explained in the first reading.3. What benefits can humans g

6、ain from cloning?1) Medical cloning can help cure serious illnesses that ruin ones quality of life (such as Parkinsons disease帕金森癥 or Alzheimers disease老年癡呆癥).2) It can help infertile people have babies.4. What problems may arise when humans are cloned?1) People may want to clone themselves so they

7、can live forever.2) People may want to clone dead children.3) People may want to clone their favorite pets.Scanning Write the letter T if the Statement is true. Write F if it is false. 1. Cloning means making a copy of an animal or a plant. 2. Gardeners can make a lot of money by cloning plants. 3.

8、Cloning animals is as complicated as cloning plants. FTFTT4. Dolly the sheep was the first successful clone of a mammal. 5. Natural clones happen in animals as well as in plants.Skimming Please read the passage and get the main idea, and then finish the following exercises in groups. The main idea o

9、f the text is_ A. animal cloning is very valuable and can benefit the world. B. animal cloning could be misused by bad people so it must be forbidden C. animal cloning is well developed because Dolly the sheep was born. D. animal cloning raised arguments and scientists are not sure about its future.

10、主旨大意2. Which of the following statements about cloning is NOT true according to text? _ A. Cloning is something that has been developed quite recently. B. Twins that look exactly the same are originally from the same egg. C. Cloning is used by gardeners to make more money. D. Animal cloning is much

11、more difficult than plant cloning.細枝末節(jié)A3. The cloning of Dolly the sheep succeeded because_. A. its easier to clone a sheep than other animals B. the scientists were determined and worked hard with patience C. the scientists were rewarded and got lots of money D. many other attempts to clone mammals

12、 failedB4. The lamb is the clone of the cell from sheep because_. A. it provides the egg cell B. it gives birth to the lamb C. it provides the nucleus D. it is a female sheep5. Dolly the sheepA. looked exactly like the sheep that provides the eggB. was the exact copy of the sheep that provides the n

13、ucleusC. looked like the sheep that gave birth to itD. had the characteristics of all three sheep6. It can be inferred from the passage that a cloned animal.usually lives as long as the original oneB. usually lives longer than the original oneC. usually dies earlier than the original oneD. is usuall

14、y as healthy as the original one7. What is peoples fear about human cloning? Which of the following is wrong?A. Cloned Hitlers would do harm to the world.B. Cloned people may be killed at will for medical aid.C. A woman would have difficulty recognizing her real husband.D. Men will die out because a

15、 woman can give birth to a baby without a husband.8. The sheep that donated the somatic cell most probably lived _ years. A. 3 B. 6 C. 9 D. 12推理判斷9. Which of the follow is NOT a problem or danger of cloning mentioned in the text?A. Evil leaders may want to clone themselves.B. Animal clones may devel

16、op the illness of older animals and may die younger than the donor animals.C. There are moral objections to cloning human beings.D. Too much cloning may lead to the destruction of the balance of nature.10. Which of the following is not an advantage of cloning? Cloning can be used for medical purpose

17、s.B. Large quantities of food can be produced by cloning.C. Famous persons who have passed away can be cloned.D. Cloning can help keep animals from becoming extinct.11. In the second paragraph, the word “straightforward” means _.A. uncomplicated B. honest C. frank D. difficult12. We can infer from t

18、he last three paragraphs that _. The normal development of Dolly had no effect on the cloning of other species.B. Dollys serious disease and final death disturbed the whole world.C. Dolly successfully cloned a new lamb with the help of cloning scientists.D. There were arguments about animals about a

19、nimal cloning and concerns about the future of cloning.13. What about the writers attitude toward cloning in this passage? The writer is against cloning. The writer is in favor of cloning. The writer does not state any personal opinion about cloning. The writer is in agreement with cloning. Detail r

20、eading Fill in the chart using the information from the text.Problems or dangers of cloningAdvantages of cloningAnimals may_ _ of older animals.Medical cloning could _ _ for serious degenerative(變質的）_ in humans. developtheillnessesproducecuresillnessesAnimal clones may _ _ than the donor animalsClon

21、ing plants can _ _ of similar _ _ _._ _ may want to clone themselves.Cloning plants can be _ for research on _ .There are _ _ to cloning human beings.Cloning can help save _ _ .dieyoungerproduce plantsqualityforsaleEvil leaderusefulnew plant species moral objectionsendangered animalsFind the main id

22、ea of each paragraph.Cloning is a way of making an exact copy of another animal and plant.Cloning has two major uses.The problems of Dolly.The effect of Dolly.It is forbidden to clone human beings. Para 1. Para 2. Para 3. Para 4. Para 5. Discussion Look at these pictures, and discuss this question w

23、ith your partner.Is cloning people a good thing or a bad thing? DiscussionWhat do you think is the writers view in this reading passage?Whats your opinion of cloning? Give reasons.I think the writer is impartial because he /she does not state any personal opinion about cloning.Do you know about: the

24、 procedure works of a sheep? 克隆羊誕生圖示 “多利”的誕生標志著克隆研究取得新的進展和重大突破,而且這個結果證明:動物體中執(zhí)行特殊功能,具有特定形態(tài)的所謂高度分化的細胞與受精卵一樣具有發(fā)育成完整個體的潛在能力。也就是說,動物細胞與植物細胞一樣,也具有全能性.“多利”的誕生有什么重大的意義和影響？ 1. It suddenly opened everybodys eyes to the possibility of using cloning to cure serious illnesses, and even producing human beings. 突然

25、每個人都看到了利用克隆技術治愈重病, 甚至制造人的可能性。 長句難句:of using cloning to cure serious illnesses , and even producing human beings作定語, 其中using和producing是并列關系。2. Newspapers told stories of evil leaders hoping to clone themselves and religious leaders raises moral questions. 報紙報道了不良領導人希望克隆自己的消息, 宗教領袖提出了道德方面的質疑。由and 連接了兩

26、個并列分句, 前句中hoping to clone themselves作賓補。句中stories意為“消息”。 例句觀察(課文原句)The fact is that they are natural clones of each other.（作表語）The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging.（作同位語）語法專攻:Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.（作同位語）However, scientists stil

27、l wonder whether cloning will help or harm us and where it is leading us.（作賓語） Cloning people is a good thing, or a bad thing?克隆人是福音, 還是惡兆？Thinking意大利狂人醫(yī)生:安蒂諾里冒死也要克隆人的科學家:布瓦瑟利耶1.克隆技術現在還不成熟,克隆人可能有很多先天性生理缺陷。2.克隆人的身份難以認定,他們與被克隆者之間的關系無法納入現有的倫理體系。反對克隆人3. 克隆技術有可能被濫用,成為恐怖分子的工具。4. 從生物多樣性上來說,大量基因結構完全相同的克隆人,可能誘發(fā)新型疾病的廣泛傳播,對人類的生存不利。1.