1、跨文化交際與翻譯真題 臨床專業(yè)一、案例分析（ 答題說明： 每題 10分，合計(jì)分。 ）1. Situation: Two Americans, Bill and Tony, are talking about Tony s unhappy experience with his Chinese college.Bill: Hi, Tony. How re you doingTony: Fine. Just got back from visiting the home of one of my Chinese colleagues.Bill: Oh, have a good timeTony:

2、Oh yes, very good. Mind you, I was bit hurt about the way they treated mypresent. You see, I know they like western music so I brought them back some of the latest tapes from the UK.Had them all wrapped up beautifully and gave them to them as soon as I got inside the door and what do you think happe

3、nedBill: WhatTony: Nothing. Well, more or less, they said thank you but then just put them away in a corner. Didn t even bother to unwrapthem. I must say I felt a bit miffed after all the trouble I d taken.參考答案：答題點(diǎn)： Gift giving in the West三、跨文化單選( 答題說明： 每題 1 分，合計(jì)分。 )C22. Cathy is talking to her frie

4、nds Bill and Tod outside the cinema.Cathy: Well, what did you think of the film, thenBil l: Oh, I thought it was great. Didn t you think soTod:Well, maybe.No, I don t like it.Yes, in a way. But I ve seen better.Yes. I dare say you re right. But I ve seen better.D23. At Samantha s flat, Ruth has just

5、 told Sandy that she is really fed up with her present job.Sandy: Well, Ruth, maybe you ought to try and get another one.It shouldn t be too hard for someone like you.Ruth:Yes, I could do that, I suppose. Well, I can think aboutit anyway.Sandy:Yes, you do that.That s the spirit.That s your way out.G

6、ood.D24. Beth is talking to her friend, Brenda.meon yourBeth: I wonder if you d mind posting this letter forway home, BrendaBrenda:You re welcome.I don t care.I don t mind.Sure.A25. Situation: Xiao Ma is an interpreter. One day a foreignvisitor, Mr Yoder, talks to him.Yoder: Your English is quite fl

7、uent.Ma:Thank you. It s kind of you to say so.No, no, my English is poor.No, not at all.Oh, no. Far from that, I still have a long way to go.Betty is a foreign student in China. She has met Zheng Yu.Betty: I was told that you won the 100-meter race in the all city track meet this morning. Congratula

8、tions!Zheng Yu:Just lucky.Thank you.I can t say I did well this morning.I could have done better if it hadn t been so cold.Your friend s mother, Mrs Yoder, asked if you would like something to eat. What would you say to refuse politelyNot for the moment, thank you, Mrs Yode r. I m full.No, thanks, I

9、 ve just had lunch.Oh, no, Mrs Yoder. I haven t long had lunch.I m full and have no room for any more.A28. Mr Timms has arrived for a meeting which, unfortunately, has been cancelled.Mrs Banks: I mterribly sorry about not letting you knowsooner, Mr Timmes, but unfortunately it was cancelled at the l

10、ast minute and there simply wasn t enough time to inform everyone.Mr Timms:Oh, don t let it worry you, Mrs Banks. I quite understand.Oh, that s OK, Mrs Ba nks. I understand.Oh, it doesn t matter, Mrs Banks.Oh, don t worry about it, Mrs Banks.B29. If you are attending a family gathering and would lik

11、e to know what the familial relationship is between one member and another, you may ask:Is he your How are you relatedWho s that womanWhat s the relationship between you and that womanA30. On the way to the school cinema, Li saw Professor Blake walking to the cinema, too.Li:Good afternoon, Professor

12、 Blake.Are you going to the filmWhere are you goingYou re going to the film, aren t youA31. When introducing yourself to someone you don t know at a party, what would you sayHi, I m May I introduce myself to you and at the same time I make your acquaintance7Hi, I d like to meet you.Hi, I m Do you kn

13、ow many people hereJack phones Xiao Song s office.Jack: Hello, I d like to speak to Song Hua, please.Song:I m Song Hua.This is Song Hua speaking.This is me.It s me her e.D33. You ve just been asked out to dinner but youdon t wantto go with the person who invited you. You might say:I don t think so.

14、I already have plans.No, I really don t enjoy being with you.I m dieting so I mustn t go out to eat.Thanks a lot but I m busy tonight.B34. Lucy met his teacher, Mrs South, outside the library.Lucy: Good morning, Lucy. How are youMrs South: Very well, thank you, Lucy, and how are youLucy:Oh, can t co

15、mplain.I m very well, too, thank you.Same old thing.OK.B35. Mr Green s secretary, Pat Kent, went to the airport tomeet Mr Barnes for her boss.What would Miss Kent say when she meet Mr BarnesExcuse me, would you be Mr BarnesAre you Mr BarnesExcuse me, would you please tell me if you are Mr BarnesYou

16、are Mr Barnes, aren t youA36. Patrick is sitting in a car with somefriends. He has just asked if anyone minds him smoking. One of the friends in the car, Gillian, is allergic to smoke. What would she sayWould you mind if I said no, PatrickCan t you stay without smokingIt s not OK.No, of course not.4

17、3-47 題共用題干：Over the past century, all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been condemned. But one insidious form continues to thrive:alphabetism. This refers todiscrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.It has long been known that a taxi

18、 firm called AAAcars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories. Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zoe Zysman. English names are fairly evenly spread between the halves of the alphabet. Yet a large number of top people h

19、ave surnames beginning with letters between A and K.Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B and C respectively; and 26 of George Bush s predecessors had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half. Even more striking, six of the

20、seven heads of government of the G7 rich countries are alphabetically advantaged. The world s three top central bankers are all close to the top of the alphabet, even if one of them really uses Japanese characters, as are the world sfive richest men ( Gates, Buffett, Allen, Ellison and Albrecht ) .C

21、an this merely be coincidenceOne theory, dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged, is that the rot sets in early. At the start of the first year in infant school, teachers seat pupils alphabetically from thefront, to make it easier to remember their names. So short

22、sighted Zysman junior gets stuck in the back row, and is rarely asked the improving questions posed by those insensitive teachers. At the time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think they have had a lucky escape. Yet the result may be worse qualifications, because they get less individual attenti

23、on, as well as less confidence in speaking publicly.The humiliation continues. At university graduation ceremonies, the ABCsproudly get their awards first; by the time they reach the Zysmansmost people are literally having a ZZZ. Shortlists for job interviews, election ballot papers, and lists of co

24、nference speakers: all tend to be drawn up alphabetically, and their recipients lose interest as they plough through them.A43. What does the author intend to illustrate with AAA cars and Zodiac earsA kind of overlooked inequality.A type of conspicuous bias.A type of personal prejudice.A kind of bran

25、d discrimination.D44. What can we infer from the first three paragraphsIn both East and West, names are essential to success.The alphabet is to blame for the failure of Zoe Zysman.Customers often pay a lot of attention to companies names.Some form of discrimination is too subtle to recognize.C45. Th

26、e 4th paragraph suggests that .questions are often put to the more intelligent studentsalphabetically disadvantaged students often escape from classteachers should pay attention to all of their studentsstudents should be seated according to their eyesightB46. What does the author mean by “ most peop

27、le are literally having a ZZZ ” in Paragraph 5They are getting impatient.They are noisily dozing off.They are feeling humiliated.They are busy with word puzzles.D47. Which of the following is TRUE according to the textPeople with surnames beginning with N to Z are oftenill-treated.VIPs in the Wester

28、n world gain a great deal from alphabetism.The campaign to eliminate alphabetism still has a long way to go.Putting things alphabetically may lead to unintentional bias.48-52 題共用題干：What the dream-phantasy does with the physical stimuli cannot be regarded as purposeful. The phantasy plays a tantalizi

29、ng game with them, and represents the organic source of the stimuli of the dream in question by any sort of plastic symbolism. Indeed, Scherner holds that the dream-phantasy has a certain favorite symbol for the organism as a whole: namely, the house. Fortunately, however, for its representations, i

30、t does not seem to limit itself to this material; it may also employ a whole series of houses to designate a single organ;for example, very long streets of houses for the intestinal stimulus. In other dreams particular parts of the house may actually represent particular regions of the body, as in t

31、he headache-dream, when the ceiling of the room ( which the dream sees covered with disgusting toad-like spiders ) represents the head.Quite apart from the symbol of the house, any other suitable object may be employed to represent those parts of the body which excite the dream. Thus the breathing l

32、ungs find their symbol in the flaming stove with its windy roaring, the heartin hollow chests and baskets, the bladder in round, ball-shaped, or simply hollow objects. It is particularly noteworthy thatat the end of such a physically stimulated dream the phantasy, as it were, unmasks itself by repre

33、senting the exciting organ or its function unconcealed. Thus the “ tooth - excited dream” usually ends with the dreamer taking a tooth out of his mouth.The dream-phantasy may, however, direct its attention not merely to the form of the exciting organ, but mayeven makethe substance contained therein

34、the object of symbolization. Thus, for example, the dream excited by the intestinal stimuli may lead us through muddy streets, the dream due to stimuli from the bladder to foaming water. Or the stimulus as such, the nature of its excitation, and the object which it covets, arerepresented symbolicall

35、y. Or, again, the dream-ego enters into a concrete association with the symbolization of its ownstate; as, for example, whenin the case of painful stimuli westruggle desperately with vicious dogs or raging bulls. Disregarding all the possible lengthiness of elaboration, a phantastic symbolizing acti

36、vity remains as the central force of every dream.B48. The dream-phantasy tends to represent the organism as a whole by .A) a symbol B) a house C) a street D ) a symbolA49. According to the passage, which symbolization is probable in a dreama ceiling covered with spiders represents a head.spiders rep

37、resent a room.roaring wind represents a breathing lung.a ball represents a heart in chest.a physicallyC50. According to the passage, at the end ofstimulated dream, .the dreamer dreams to take a tooth out of his mouththe dreamer dreams to take off his maskthe phantasy usually reveals which organ exci

38、ted the dreamthe phantasy becomes very clear and excitingD51. What can we infer from the last paragraphDreams can be excited by the intestinal stimuli.The dream-phantasy may not direct its attention to the exciting organ.Vicious dogs or raging bulls are commonlyseen in bad dreams.When we dream of fo

39、aming water, we may be feeling unwell in bladder.A52. What does the passage mainly talk aboutThe dream-phantasy, physical stimuli and symbolization.The dream-phantasy plays an interesting gamewith physical stimuli.Parts of the body excite the dream.Phantasy is the central force of dreams.53-57 題共用題干

40、：In our culture, the sources of what we call a sense of“mastery ”feeling important and worth-while, and thesources of w hat we call a sense“ pleasure ” finding lifeenjoyable are not always identical. Womenoften are told “You can t have it all. ” Sometimes what the speaker really is saying is: “You c

41、hose a career, so you can t expect to have closer relationships or a happy f amily life. ” or“You havea wonderful husband and children What s all this about wanting a career ” But womenneed to understand and develop both aspects of well-being, if they are to feel good about themselves.Our study show

42、s that, for women, well-being has two dimensions. Oneis mastery, which includes self-esteem, a sense of controlover your life, and low levels of anxiety anddepression. Mastery is closely related to the“doing ” sideof life, to work and activity. Pleasure is the other dimensions, and it is composedof

43、happiness, satisfaction and optimism. It are independent of each other. A womancould be high in mastery and low in pleasure, and vice versa. For example, a woman who has a good job, but whose mother has just died, might be feeling very good about herself and in control of her work life, but the plea

44、sure side could be damaged for a time.is tied more closely to thefeelingside of life. The twoThe concepts of mastery and pleasure can help us identify the sources of well-being for women,and remedy past mistakes. In the past, women wereencouraged to look only at the feeling side of life as the sourc

45、e of all well-being. But we know that both mastery and pleasure are critical. And mastery seems to be achieved largely through work. In our study, all the groups of employed women rated significantly higher in mastery than did women who were not employed.A woman s well -being is enhanced when she ta

46、kes on multiple roles. At least by middle adulthood, the womenwhowere involved in a combination of roles marriages, motherhood, and employment were the highest in well-being, despite warnings about stress and strain.D53. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that .for women, a sense of“ master

47、y ” is more important th ana sense ofpleasurefor women, a sense of“ pleasure ” is more important thana sense of “mastery ”women can t have a sense of “ mastery ” and a sense of“ pleasure ” at the same timea sense of “mastery ” and a sense of “pleasure ” are bothindispensable to womenB54. The author

48、s attitude towards women having a career is .A) criticalB) positive C ) neutral D ) realisticD55. One can conclude from the passage that if a woman takes on several social roles, .it will be easier for her to overcome stress and strainshe will be more successful in her careerher chances of getting p

49、romoted will be greaterher life will be richer and more meaningfulA56. Which of the following can be identified as a source of“ pleasure ” for womenFamily life.Regular employment.Multiple roles in society.Freedom from anxiety.C57. The most appropriate title for the passage would be “ ， .The Well-bei

50、ng of Career WomenSources of Mastery and PleasureTwo Aspects of Women s Well -beingFreedom Roles Women in Society案例分析范圍：gift giving ， ethnicentrism ， self reliance ， polite invitation ， attitude toward compliment ， democracy ，都在課件上或者課本上出現(xiàn)過。紅皮書只要看UNIT3,4,5,8,10案例分析只要答到點(diǎn)子上就給分，所以把幾個(gè)維度判斷出來就行了跨文化單選題1 The

51、 following are the features of Polychronic time system EXCEPTA.Do manythings at a time committed to people and human relationshipC. Be concerned about not disturbing otherspromptness onthe relationship.The following are the features of monochronic time system EXCEPTA.do one thing at a time on the jo

52、b.tendency to build lifetime relationshipspromptness.Which of the following does NOT belong to the category of conceptsA.right or wrongand man.Which of the following is an appropriate description ofEuropean American worldview about the nature of timeA.past- orientedB. Present- orientedof the followi

53、ng is the most appropriate description forChinese way of expression6.The study of pragmatics focuses on .A.how language is actually usedB.The study of the relationship between words and what they stand for or represent.C.The meaning of words relationshipfor words toone another7.In addition to cognit

54、ive,what is conveyed through communicationA. affective contentlanguagelanguage.What is connotative meaning of a wordA.public and objective meaningcharged meaningmeaningthe word refer to in real life.Which of the following is a characteristic of nonverbal communicationA.conscious.What is the communic

55、ation style of AmericanstoXiao Wang meets Peter at the airport and says him: ” Morning,Peter! ” In this case,the source of information isA. ” Morning,Peter! ”airportWangSpeaker s meaning in a face -to-face communication refers to A.the associative meaning words haveB.What what is said normally means

56、C.What the hearer has understood on the basis of what is saidD.What the speaker has intended to convey in what is saidWhen you are invited for a western meal,you re offeredsecond helping but you have already had would you say”A.Oh, tastes awful.No,I don t want that.That was delicious but I ve alread

57、y had plenty,thanksNo,I don t like it.Most Americans see themselves as separate,not as representatives of a family,community or other group.A.independence.Unlike in China,the kin terms used for relatives do not distinguish betweenrelatives in term.and externaland paternaland young and female6.Nowadays inAmerica,acquaintances usually call eachotheror Madamtheir first nametheir las