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書山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無涯苦作舟!住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣東工商職業(yè)技術(shù)大學(xué)考試押題卷含答案詳解(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)全文為Word可編輯,若為PDF皆為盜版,請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購買!第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Moreoftenthannot,itisdifficultto(

)theexactmeaningofaChineseidiominEnglish.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.exchange

B.transfer

C.convey

D.convert

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析。句意:多數(shù)情況下,人們很難用英語(

)中國(guó)成語的意思。

Exchange交換,例如exchangeideas交換意見;transfer交換,改變;convey表達(dá);convert使轉(zhuǎn)變,改變信仰;。故C項(xiàng)符合句意。

2.單選題

Itwasn’tsuchagooddinner()shehadpromised.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.what

B.that

C.which

D.as

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。such和as搭配,so和that搭配,所以這里只能填入as。句意:這頓晚餐并不像她所承諾的那樣好。選項(xiàng)D正確。

3.單選題

Ittookthisdisabledboyalongtimeto()thefactthathewasnotqualifiedforadmissiontocollege.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.comeupwith

B.comedownwith

C.comeupto

D.cometotermswith

【答案】D

【解析】考查短語辨析。A選項(xiàng)comeupwith“提出、想出”;B選項(xiàng)comedownwith“染上病、付錢”;C選項(xiàng)comeupto“達(dá)到、符合”;D選項(xiàng)cometotermswith“妥協(xié)、屈服”,句意為:這個(gè)殘疾的男孩過了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才接受了他沒有資格上大學(xué)的事實(shí)。選項(xiàng)D符合題意,因此選D。

4.單選題

Mostofthenonverbalcommunicationatworkcentersonasingletheme:power,whichtranslatesintostatus.Ineveryspeciesandsociety,thoseincontroltryto(1)large,strongandfearless.

(2)

someotheranimals

(3)

dominance,humanshavetheirownwaysofsignalingwho'sin

(4)

.“Inourculture,statusshows

(5)

subtlyintherelaxedpostureandwayofinteraction”sayAlbertMehrabian,aprofessorofpsychology.

6)

,thoselowerinpositioncharacteristicallydisplaymore

(7)

.“Theclassicexampleisthesoldierstandingat

(8)

inthepresenceofthesuperiorofficer,"saysMehrabian.

Theleadersinagroupusuallyaretheoneswholeanbackintheirchairs.Tomakethepoint,theymaylean

(9)

.Theirgesturesarelargeandfluid,

(10)

aneasyconfidenceandcommandofspace.

(11)

alsotakegreatercontrolofconversation.“Thepersoninauthority

(12)

totalkmore,speaklouderand

(13)

others,”saysMehrabian.

Thebodiesofthepowerfulcanalso“l(fā)eak”messagesofweaknessthatalwaysbetray

(14)

they'rereallyfeeling.Imaginethis

(15)

:theheadofyourcompanyannouncestohisstaffthatthefirmhasbeenboughtbyagiantcorporation.“Thisisgreatnews!”hesays“Thenewownersaremore

(16)

thanever.”

Ashespeaks,yourbossstandsstifflybehindthechair,hishandsclaspedinfrontofhim.Hesmilesoften,

(17)

hiseyeshaveaseriouslook.Hisvoiceisflat,andthe

(18)

seemshigherthanusual.Shouldyoubelievehim?“Lookfordifferences

(19)

whatyou'reseeingandwhatyou'rehearing,”suggestsAustin.Yourboss’sbodylanguageis

(20)

reassuring.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.pretend

B.appear

C.seem

D.disguise

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.As

B.Besides

C.Like

D.Despite

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.asserting

B.declaring

C.confirming

D.claiming

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.management

B.duty

C.obligation

D.charge

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.it

B.itself

C.them

D.us

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.Consequently

B.Unfortunately

C.Conversely

D.Undoubtedly

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.rigidity

B.dignity

C.vigor

D.rigor

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.peace

B.length

C.ease

D.attention

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.forward

B.toward

C.ahead

D.over

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.proposing

B.embodying

C.signaling

D.proving

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.Authorities

B.Superiors

C.Inferiors

D.Officials

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.cares

B.intends

C.tends

D.means

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.intervene

B.interfere

C.intermingle

D.interrupt

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.which

B.what

C.that

D.why

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.sight

B.spot

C.scenery

D.scene

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.secure

B.responsible

C.generous

D.optimistic

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.when

B.as

C.although

D.so

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.throat

B.tone

C.note

D.melody

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.in

B.among

C.from

D.between

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.anythingbut

B.nothingbut

C.nomorethan

D.morethan

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:B

第6題:C

第7題:A

第8題:D

第9題:A

第10題:C

第11題:B

第12題:C

第13題:D

第14題:B

第15題:D

第16題:D

第17題:C

第18題:B

第19題:D

第20題:A

【解析】(1)考查動(dòng)詞辨析。pretend意為“偽裝,假裝”,強(qiáng)調(diào)明顯地表露出是假的;appear意為“出現(xiàn),顯現(xiàn)”,主要表達(dá)自然流露的現(xiàn)象;seem意為“似乎,看來”指根據(jù)某種跡象作出的推斷;disguise意為“隱瞞,掩飾”。此處表示“當(dāng)權(quán)者試圖看起來高大、強(qiáng)壯和無畏”。

(2)考查邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)空格后的animals和humans可知此處是對(duì)這兩者進(jìn)行對(duì)比,說明其相似情況,因此選C,like作連詞,意為“像……一樣,如同”。

(3)考查動(dòng)詞辨析。assert意為“維護(hù),堅(jiān)持”;declare意為“宣布”;confirm意為“確認(rèn),批準(zhǔn)”;claim意為“聲稱”。由空格后的dominance(優(yōu)勢(shì),控制)可知A選項(xiàng)最為恰當(dāng)。

(4)考查邏輯關(guān)系。這句話指的是人與動(dòng)物的相似之處,故空格處應(yīng)為dominance的同義詞,incharge意為“負(fù)責(zé),主管”,因此選D。

(5)考查邏輯關(guān)系。由空格后面的subtlyintherelaxedpostureandwayofinteraction可知此處是用來形容status本身的,因此用反身代詞作賓語,選B。

(6)考查副詞辨析。由前面的status(地位)和空格后的thoselowerinposition(地位較低者)可知此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折,因此選C,conversely意為“相反地,反過來”。

(7)考查邏輯關(guān)系。此處與由前面的relaxedpostureandwayofinteraction(放松姿勢(shì)與互動(dòng)方式)進(jìn)行對(duì)比,因此填rigidity(僵硬,刻板)。

(8)考查固定搭配。standatattention意為“立正”。atlength意為“終究,終歸”;atease意為“安逸,自由自在”;atpeace意為“和平,處于平靜狀態(tài)”。

(9)考查邏輯關(guān)系。此處與前面的leanback(仰靠著,向后靠)動(dòng)作相反,選A,leanforward意為“向前傾,前傾”。

(10)考查動(dòng)詞辨析。propose意為“提議,建議”,主語一般為人;embody意為“表現(xiàn),象征”;signal意為“表達(dá),表明”;prove意為“證明,證實(shí)”,一般用于provetobe。此處的邏輯主語為gestures,因此選C。

(11)考查邏輯關(guān)系。此處與前面的theleadersinagroup(集團(tuán)中的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人)相照應(yīng),因此填superiors(上級(jí))。

(12)考查邏輯關(guān)系。care一般用于careabout/for,故排除;intendto意為“打算”;tendto意為“傾向于”;meanto意為“打算,想”。由前面的takegreatercontrolofconversation(更好地控制談話)可知C選項(xiàng)最為恰當(dāng)。

(13)考查邏輯關(guān)系。由前面的talkmore,speaklouder可知and后面的為并列謂語,intervene意為“干涉,介入”,指介入爭(zhēng)端,進(jìn)行調(diào)停,也指干涉他人之事;interfere意為“干涉,干預(yù)”,指無權(quán)或未獲允許而妨礙、阻擾、干涉他人之事;intermingle意為“混合”;interrupt意為“打斷(別人的話等)”此處與談話有關(guān),因此選D,更能體現(xiàn)當(dāng)權(quán)者的獨(dú)斷行為。

(14)考查從句。只有what既能引導(dǎo)名詞性從句作betray的賓語,又能在并列從句中充當(dāng)feel的賓語,因此選B。

(15)考查名詞辨析。sight意為“視力范圍,視野”;spot意為“地點(diǎn),場(chǎng)所”;scenery意為“風(fēng)景,景色”;scene意為“場(chǎng)面,現(xiàn)場(chǎng)”??崭窈蟮拿疤?hào)是介紹事件發(fā)生的場(chǎng)景,因此選D。

(16)考查形容詞辨析。secure意為“安全的”;responsible意為“負(fù)責(zé)的”;generous意為“慷慨的,大方的”;optimistic意為“樂觀的,樂觀主義的”。由前面的Thisisgreatnews(這是個(gè)好消息)可知D選項(xiàng)最符合語義。

(17)考查邏輯關(guān)系。由前面的smiles和空格后的aseriouslook可知此處表示讓步關(guān)系,填although(盡管)。

(18)考查邏輯關(guān)系。由前面的Hisvoiceisflat(他的聲音是平的)可知此處指音調(diào),填tone。

(19)考查固定搭配。differencesbetweenand意為“……和……之間的差異”。

(20)考查邏輯關(guān)系。anythingbut意為“根本不,決不”;nothingbut意為“只有,只不過”;nomorethan意為“不過是,僅僅”;morethan意為“不知是”。本段表示“老板一邊安慰下屬公司很可靠,一邊又提心吊膽,沒有把握”,因此選A。

5.翻譯題

A.TranslatethefollowingsentencesfromEnglishintoChinese.(3x5)

1.Werecognizethatinthelongrun,innovationisakeydriverofgrowthforbothindividualcountriesandtheglobaleconomyasawhole.Wearecommittedtotacklingoneoftherootcausesofweakgrowthbytakinginnovationasakeyelementofourefforttoidentifynewgrowthenginesforindividualcountriesandtheworldeconomy.

2.Recognizingthedetrimentaleffectsofcorruptionandillicitfinanceflowsonequitableallocationofpublicresources,sustainableeconomicgrowth,theintegrityoftheglobalfinancialsystemandtheruleoflaw,wewillreinforcetheG20’seffortstoenhanceinternationalcooperationagainstcorruption,whilefullyrespectinginternationallaw,humanrightsandtheruleoflawaswellasthesovereigntyofeachcountry.

3.ThepridewefeelwhensomeonefromournationwinsaNobelPrizeisdifferentfromtheonewefeelwitnessingoneofourathleteswinninganOlympicmedal.Wedon’tfeeltheprideofourtribedemonstratingsuperiorityoverothertribes.Rather,it'sthepridethatcomesfromknowingthatoneofushasmadeasignificantcontributiontoourcommonhumanendeavor.

【答案】1.我們認(rèn)識(shí)到,創(chuàng)新是各國(guó)和全球經(jīng)濟(jì)長(zhǎng)期增長(zhǎng)的重要?jiǎng)恿ΑN覀冎铝τ诮鉀Q經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)疲軟的根源問題之一,將創(chuàng)新作為我們努力為各國(guó)和世界經(jīng)濟(jì)尋找新的增長(zhǎng)引擎的關(guān)鍵因素。

2.認(rèn)識(shí)到腐敗和非法資金流動(dòng)對(duì)公共資源公平分配、可持續(xù)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的不利影響,以及破壞全球金融體系的完整性和法治,我們將加強(qiáng)二十國(guó)集團(tuán)的反腐敗國(guó)際合作,同時(shí)充分尊重國(guó)際法、人權(quán)、法治以及各國(guó)主權(quán)。

3.當(dāng)我們看到來自我們國(guó)家的人獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)時(shí)心里產(chǎn)生的那種自豪感,與我們看到我國(guó)運(yùn)動(dòng)員收獲奧運(yùn)獎(jiǎng)牌時(shí)油然而生的自豪感不同。我們內(nèi)心并不會(huì)有一種優(yōu)越感認(rèn)為我們的民族優(yōu)于其他民族,恰恰相反,獲得諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)的自豪感是源于得知我們當(dāng)中的某個(gè)人對(duì)全人類的共同努力做出了重大貢獻(xiàn)。

6.單選題

Iregret___somuchtimeandmoneyonstamps.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.towaste

B.forwasting

C.havingwasted

D.atwasting

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。waste表示“浪費(fèi),濫用;消耗;使荒蕪”,regretdoing“對(duì)做過的事表示遺憾、后悔”。句意:我___在郵票上浪費(fèi)了那么多時(shí)間和金錢。本句表達(dá)“后悔已經(jīng)在郵票上浪費(fèi)那么多錢和時(shí)間”,因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Thenewsabouttheterriblefloodtheregreatlydiscouraged()thereforasight-seeing.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.usfromgoing

B.ustogo

C.ourgoing

D.ourtogo

【答案】A

【解析】句意:關(guān)于那個(gè)地方的可怕洪水的新聞報(bào)道,使我們不想去那藍(lán)觀光了。

考查固定搭配。discouragesb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事。

8.單選題

Theattorneywasanintelligentdebater;he(

)thecross-questioningoftheSupremeCourtJudgeonthecaseissueinquiry.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.relished

B.estimated

C.interrupted

D.dreaded

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。relished玩賞,品味;estimated評(píng)估,判斷;interrupted中止,打斷;dreaded恐懼,擔(dān)心。句意:律師是一個(gè)非常有智慧的辯論者。他打斷了最高法院法官關(guān)于案件調(diào)查的盤問。C項(xiàng)符合句意。

9.單選題

Nooneinthe____apartmentwasawakedbytheirquarrellingsounds.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.approached

B.distant

C.neighbor

D.adjacent

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.approached臨近(過去式或過去分詞)B.distant遠(yuǎn)的

C.neighbor鄰居n.D.adjacent相鄰的

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】語義銜接與近義詞辨析

【解題思路】原句語義為“____公寓里沒有人被他們的爭(zhēng)吵聲吵醒?!卑凑照Z義和選項(xiàng)推測(cè),爭(zhēng)吵聲吵醒的應(yīng)該是臨近公寓的人,該處所填詞應(yīng)該是一個(gè)形容詞,修飾公寓。D選項(xiàng)adjacent“相鄰的”符合要求。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)approached“臨近(過去式或過去分詞)”,動(dòng)詞,不做定語修飾“公寓”;

B選項(xiàng)distant“遠(yuǎn)的”,不符合語義銜接;

C選項(xiàng)neighbor“鄰居”,名詞,不能直接修飾公寓。

【句意】他們的吵鬧聲沒有吵醒隔壁公寓的人。

10.翻譯題

出發(fā)前,我曾經(jīng)和著陸器一起學(xué)習(xí)過人類探月的歷史。在已經(jīng)有過的130次探月活動(dòng)中,成功和失敗的比例差不多各占一半。

太空探索就是這樣,有多美就有多危險(xiǎn),而我不過是人類對(duì)太空探索的超級(jí)大圖中,小小的一個(gè)點(diǎn)。

這里的太陽已經(jīng)落下,溫度下降得真快。今天說了好多,但總覺得還不夠。告訴大家一個(gè)秘密,其實(shí)我不覺得特別難過。我只是在自己的探險(xiǎn)故事里,和所有的男主角一樣,也遇到了一點(diǎn)問題:晚安地球,晚安人類。

【答案】答:

Beforedeparture,Istudiedthehistoryoflunarexplorationwiththelander.Abouthalfofthepast130explorationsendedinsuccess;therestendedinfailure.

Thisisspaceexploration;thedangercomeswithitsbeauty.Iambutatinydotinthevastpictureofmankind’sadventureinspace.

Thesunhasfallen,andthetemperatureisdroppingsoquickly.I’vesaidalottoday,butIdon’tthinkit’senough.Totellyouallasecret,Idon’tfeelthatsad.Iwasjustinmyownadventurestory,andlikeeveryhero,Iencounteredasmallproblem.Goodnight,Earth.Goodnight,humanity.

11.單選題

Asagoodphotographer,youmustdevelopanawarenessoftheworldaroundyouandthepeoplewho()it.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.innovate

B.inhabit

C.integrate

D.inherit

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。innovate創(chuàng)新,改革;inhabit居住于,存在于;integrate整合;inherit繼承。人類是居住在世界上的,所以選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

12.單選題

ThegeologyoftheEarth'ssurfaceisdominatedbytheparticularpropertiesofwater.PresentonEarthinsolid,liquid,andgaseousstates,waterisexceptionallyreactive.Itdissolves,transports,andprecipitatesmanychemicalcompoundsandisconstantlymodifyingthefaceoftheEarth.

Evaporatedfromtheoceans,watervaporformsclouds,someofwhicharetransportedbywindoverthecontinents.Condensationfromthecloudsprovidestheessentialagentofcontinentalerosion:rain.Precipitatedontotheground,thewatertricklesdowntoformbrooks,streams,andrivers,constitutingwhatiscalledthehydrographicnetwork.Thisimmensepolarizednetworkchannelsthewatertowardasinglereceptacle:anocean.Gravitydominatesthisentirestepinthecyclebecausewatertendstominimizeitspotentialenergybyrunningfromhighaltitudestowardthereferencepointthatissealevel.

Therateatwhichamoleculeofwaterpassesthroughthecycleisnotrandombutisameasureoftherelativesizeofthevariousreservoirs.Ifwedefineresidencetimeastheaveragetimeforawatermoleculetopassthroughoneofthethreereservoirs—atmosphere,continent,andocean—weseethatthetimesareverydifferent.Awatermoleculestays,onanaverage,elevendaysintheatmosphere,onehundredyearsonacontinentandfortythousandyearsintheocean.Thislastfigureshowstheimportanceoftheoceanastheprincipalreservoirofthehydrospherebutalsotherapidityofwatertransportonthecontinents.

Avastchemicalseparationprocesstakesplaceduringtheflowofwateroverthecontinents.Solubleionssuchascalcium,sodium,potassium,andsomemagnesiumaredissolvedandtransported.Insolubleionssuchasaluminum,iron,andsiliconstaywheretheyareandformthethin,fertileskinofsoilonwhichvegetationcangrow.Sometimessoilsaredestroyedandtransportedmechanicallyduringflooding.Theerosionofthecontinentsthusresultsfromtwocloselylinkedandinterdependentprocesses,chemicalerosionandmechanicalerosion.Theirrespectiveinteractionsandefficiencydependondifferentfactors.

1.Accordingtothepassage,cloudsareprimarilyformedbywater()?

2.Thepassagesuggeststhatthepurposeofthe"hydrographicnetwork"isto().

3.Whatdeterminestherateatwhichamoleculeofwatermovesthroughthecycle,asdiscussedinthethirdparagraph?

4.AllofthefollowingareexamplesofsolubleionsEXCEPT().

5.Theword"efficiency"inlastsentencesisclosestinmeaningto().

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.precipitatingontotheground

B.changingfromasolidtoaliquidstate

C.evaporatingfromtheoceans

D.beingcarriedbywind

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.determinethesizeofmoleculesofwater

B.preventsoilerosioncausedbyflooding

C.movewaterfromtheEarth'ssurfacetotheoceans

D.regulatetherateofwaterflowfromstreamsandrivers

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thepotentialenergycontainedinwater.

B.Theeffectsofatmosphericpressureonchemicalcompounds.

C.Theamountsofrainfallthatfallonthecontinents.

D.Therelativesizeofthewaterstorageareas.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.magnesium

B.iron

C.potassium

D.calcium

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.relationship

B.growth

C.influence

D.effectiveness

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句"Evaporatedfromtheoceans,watervaporformsclouds"從海洋蒸發(fā)出的水蒸氣形成了云。選項(xiàng)C正確。

第2題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“hydrographicnetwork”定位到第二段"Thisimmensepolarizednetworkchannelsthewatertowardasinglereceptacle:anocean."其中channel在這里做動(dòng)詞,是傳輸?shù)囊馑肌K赃x項(xiàng)C與原文表述一致。

第3題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段的第一句"Therateatwhichamoleculeofwaterpassesthroughthecycleisnotrandombutisameasureoftherelativesizeofthevariousreservoirs."水分子的循環(huán)率不是隨機(jī)的,而是對(duì)各種儲(chǔ)層相對(duì)大小的一種度量。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

第4題:事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“solubleions”定位到最后一段的第二句"Solubleionssuchascalcium,sodium,potassium,andsomemagnesiumaredissolvedandtransported."選項(xiàng)中只有選項(xiàng)B未提及。

第5題:詞義推斷題。根據(jù)最后一句可知,efficiency應(yīng)該和前面的interactions(相互作用)意思相近。首先排除選項(xiàng)A和B,選項(xiàng)D與efficiency詞根相同,意思更相近。

13.單選題

)herinterestinchildren,teachingshouldbetherightcareerforher.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Giving

B.Give

C.Given

D.Togive

【答案】C

【解析】考查given的特殊語法。given充當(dāng)介詞,意思是“考慮到”。句意:考慮到她對(duì)孩子的興趣,教學(xué)工作應(yīng)該是她正確的職業(yè)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

14.單選題

Therecentnewsofthesuccessfulcloningofanadultsheep—inwhichthesheep’sDNAwasinsertedintoanunfertilizedsheepeggtoproducealambwithidenticalDNA—hasgeneratedanoutpouringofethicalconcerns.TheseconcernsarenotaboutDolly,thenowfamoussheep,norevenabouttheconsiderableimpactcloningmayhaveontheanimalbreedingindustry,butratheraboutthepossibilityofcloninghumans.Forthemostpart,however,theethicalconcernsbeingraisedareexaggeratedandmisplaced,becausetheyarebasedonerroneousviewsaboutwhatgenesareandwhattheycando.Thedanger,therefore,liesnotinthepowerofthetechnology,butinthemisunderstandingofitssignificance.

Producingacloneofahumanbeingwouldnotamounttocreatinga“carboncopy”—anautomatonofthesortfamiliarfromsciencefiction.Itwouldbemorelikeproducingadelayedidenticaltwin.Andjustasidenticaltwinsaretwoseparatepeople—biologically,psychologically,morallyandlegally,thoughnotgenetically—sotoembraceabeliefingeneticdeterminism—theviewthatgenesdetermineeverythingaboutus,andthatenvironmentalfactorsortherandomeventsinhumandevelopmentareutterlyinsignificant.Theoverwhelmingconsensusamonggeneticistsisthatgeneticdeterminismisfalse.

Asgeneticistshavecometounderstandthewaysinwhichgenesoperate,theyhavealsobecomeawareofthemyriadwaysinwhichtheenvironmentaffectstheir“expression”.Thegeneticcontributiontothesimplestphysicaltraits,suchasheightandhaircolor,issignificantlymediatedbyenvironmentalfactors.Andthegeneticcontributiontothetraitswevaluemostdeeply,fromintelligencetocompassion,isconcededbyeventhemostenthusiasticgeneticresearcherstobelimitedandindirect.Indeed,weneedonlyappealtoourordinaryexperiencewithidenticaltwins—thattheyaredifferentpeopledespitetheirsimilarities—toappreciatethatgeneticdeterminismisfalse.

Furthermore,becauseoftheextrastepsinvolved,cloningwillprobablyalwaysberiskier—thatis,lesslikelytoresultinalivebirth—thatinvitrofertilization(IVF)andembryotransfer.Forexample,ittookmorethan275attemptsbeforetheresearcherswereabletoobtainasuccessfulsheepclone.Whilecloningmethodsmayimprove,weshouldnotethatevenstandardIVFtechniquestypicallyhavesuccessrateoflessthan20percent.Sowhywouldanyonegotothetroubleofcloning?

1.Whatprocessresultedinthesuccessfulcloningofanadultsheep?

2.Accordingtotheessay,inwhatrespecttherelationshipbetweenaclonedhumanbeinganditscounterpartissimilartotherelationshipoftwins?

3.Whatdoestheconceptofgeneticdeterminismstate?

4.Whatareexamplesofgeneticcontribution?

5.Accordingtothepassage,wheredoesthedangerofcloningliein?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Invitrofertilization.

B.Embryotransfer.

C.Theinsertionofamaturesheep’sDNAintoanunfertilizedegg.

D.Theadoptionofphysicalandgeneticcharacteristics.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Bothaclonedhumanbeingandapartoftwinshavethesameconceptionsofmorality.

B.Theenvironmentoneisbornintoaffectstheirconceptionsofreality.

C.Theconnectionisstrictlygenetic.

D.Thesimilaritiesarebiological,legal,moralandpsychological.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Thateachindividual’sDNAdeterminestheircapabilitiesinliferegardlessofenvironmentalmorality.

B.Environmentalfactorsgreatlyinfluencepersons’actionsandbeliefs.

C.Bothgenesandenvironmentsdeterminehumantraits.

D.Identicaltwinshavethecapacitytobecompletelyindependentbeingsandhaveindividualideas.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Hairandeyecolor.

B.Achild’sattitudetowardstheirparents.

C.Aperson’svalues.

D.Fashionstyle.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Thepoweroftechnology.

B.Ethicalandmoralissues.

C.Themistakenunderstandingofitssignificance.

D.Theexactreplicationofdangerouspeople.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.文章第一段第一句話提到inwhichthesheep’sDNAwasinsertedintoanunfertilizedsheepeggtoproducealambwithidenticalDNA,所以選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.文章第二段提到克隆人的產(chǎn)生就像一對(duì)完全相同的雙胞胎。接著指出雙胞胎是兩個(gè)人,除了基因相似外,生理、心理、道德和法律上都是相對(duì)獨(dú)立的,所以選項(xiàng)A、C、D可以排除,選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

3.文章第二段…theviewthatgenesdetermineeverythingaboutus,andthatenvironmentalfactorsortherandomeventsinhumandevelopmentareutterlyinsignificant,所以選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.文章第三段thegeneticcontributiontothesimplestphysicaltraits,suchasheightandhaircolor“基因只會(huì)對(duì)非常簡(jiǎn)單的特點(diǎn)有所影響,比如身高和頭發(fā)顏色”,所以選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.文章第一段最后一句話Thedanger,therefore,liesnotinthepowerofthetechnology,butintheunderstandingofitssignificance.“因此危險(xiǎn)并不是在于技術(shù)的力量,而是在對(duì)其重要性的理解上。”選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

15.單選題

Theformerpresidentistoverifyatahumanrightscourtheatingcasesofatrocities.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.testify

B.provide

C.conform

D.supply

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。testify證明,證實(shí);provide提供;conform使遵守,使一致;supply提供。句意:這位前總統(tǒng)將在人權(quán)法庭對(duì)暴行案件進(jìn)行核實(shí)。故A項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Afternewspaperreportsclaimedthecompanywasdumpingtoxicwasteillegally.Itcameunder()fromtheauthorities.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.insult

B.solitude

C.nuisance

D.scrutiny

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。A選項(xiàng)insult“侮辱”;B選項(xiàng)solitude“孤獨(dú)”;C選項(xiàng)nuisance“損害”;D選項(xiàng)scrutiny“詳細(xì)審查”。句意:在報(bào)紙報(bào)道這家公司非法傾倒有毒廢料之后,它受到了當(dāng)局的審查。本句表示公司受到審查。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

17.翻譯題

Familyis,ifanything,thelinkbetweengenerations,thefocalpointofsocialreproduction,andculturaltransmission.Thewholepointofmarriageisthatitimposesclearobligations,notjusttherighttopursueyourownhappiness.Andthemainobligationistoprovidebothemotionalandpracticalnurtureforchildren.Theglowofburningpassionmaywellhavefaded,yourloveforyourspousemaynotbeasexcitingorsatisfyingasitoncewas,butgoingoffinsearchofanotherlovewillnothelpyourchildren.TheLoveFamilyiseithertooamorphousforchildren,orit’stoounstable,with,adultsmovingoniftherelationshipnolongeranswerstheirsearch,forperfecthappiness.Iwouldventuretosuggestthatloveisnotenoughtosustainanongoingmaritalrelationship.TheLoveFamily,intheend,doesn'thavetocare.Andunfetteredfreedomwillbecomeourchain,leavinguswithnorecoursebutlonelyisolation.

【答案】如果硬要說什么的話,家庭是世代之間的紐帶,是社會(huì)再生產(chǎn)和文化傳播的焦點(diǎn)?;橐龅娜恳饬x在于它強(qiáng)加了它的明確的義務(wù),而不僅僅是追求自己幸福的權(quán)利。它主要的職責(zé)是為孩子們提供情感和實(shí)際的培養(yǎng)。激情燃燒的光芒可能已經(jīng)消退,你對(duì)配偶的愛可能不像過去那么令人興奮或滿足,但去尋找另一種愛對(duì)你的孩子沒有幫助。對(duì)于孩子來說,愛的家庭要么太不定形,要么太不穩(wěn)定。如果這種關(guān)系不再滿足他們對(duì)完美幸福的追求,成年人就會(huì)繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。我敢說,愛不足以維持一段持續(xù)的婚姻關(guān)系。愛的家庭,最終,不必在意。不受約束的自由將成為我們的枷鎖,使我們沒有任何依靠,只有孤獨(dú)和孤立。

18.單選題

()quantitiesofwaterarebeingusednowadayswiththerapiddevelopmentofindustryandagriculture.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Excessive

B.Extensive

C.Extreme

D.Exclusive

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)Excessive“過多的”;B選項(xiàng)Extensive“大量的”;C選項(xiàng)Extreme“極度的”;D選項(xiàng)Exclusive“獨(dú)有的”。句意:隨著工農(nóng)業(yè)的快速發(fā)展,大量的水正在被使用。本句表示大量的水,因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

Somesociologistsareworriedaboutthe()throughoutthewholesociety.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.fraudulent

B.generous

C.dynamic

D.compulsive

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。fraudulent“欺詐的”;generous“慷慨的”;dynamic“動(dòng)態(tài)的”;compulsive“極有趣的”。句意:一些社會(huì)學(xué)家擔(dān)心整個(gè)社會(huì)的欺詐問題。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

20.單選題

Ihopeyouarenot()thatIobtainedthismoneydishonestly.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.implying

B.involving

C.deducing

D.denoting

【答案】A

【解析】Implying暗示,

隱含;involving涉及,

包括;deducing推測(cè);denoting指示,

表示。句意:我希望你不是在暗示我是通過不正當(dāng)?shù)氖侄潍@得這筆錢的。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

21.單選題

Peoplewholiveinsmalltownsoftenseemmorefriendlythanthosewholivingin()populatedareas.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.abundantly

B.intensely

C.densely

D.intensively

【答案】C

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)abundantly“豐富地,大量地”;B選項(xiàng)intensely“強(qiáng)烈地”;C選項(xiàng)densely“濃密地,密集地”;D選項(xiàng)intensively“集中地,廣泛地”。根據(jù)句中的關(guān)鍵詞“than”可知,前后形成對(duì)比。句意:住在小城鎮(zhèn)的人似乎比住在人口稠密地區(qū)的人更友好。人口稠密用“denselypopulated”,所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

22.單選題

Toimpressafutureemployer,oneshoulddressneatly,be(),anddisplayinterestinthejob.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.swift

B.instant

C.timely

D.punctual

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)swift“迅速的;敏捷的”;B選項(xiàng)instant“立即的;緊迫的”;C選項(xiàng)timely“及時(shí)的;適時(shí)的”;D選項(xiàng)punctual“準(zhǔn)時(shí)的;守時(shí)的”。句意:為了給未來的雇主留下印象,職員應(yīng)該穿戴整潔,……,顯示對(duì)工作的興趣。目的是impressafutureemployer“給未來雇主留下好的印象”,應(yīng)該要dressneatly“穿戴整潔”,bepunctual“守時(shí)的”,而且顯示出對(duì)這份工作的興趣。就像是一場(chǎng)面試,最重要的還是要守時(shí)。因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

23.單選題

I’msorryI’mlate—Ihadamental(

)andforgetthatwewouldhaveameetingtoday.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.aberration

B.perversion

C.imbalance

D.sanity

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。aberration“神經(jīng)迷亂;離開正路;越軌”;perversion“反常,顛倒,曲解”;imbalance“不平衡,不安定”;sanity“明智,頭腦清楚”。句意:很抱歉我遲到了。我有點(diǎn)精神恍惚忘記了今天還有個(gè)會(huì)議。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

24.單選題

Thespeaker,ateacherfromacommunitycollege,addressedasympatheticaudience.Headsnoddedinagreementwhenhesaid,“HighschoolEnglishteachersarenotdoingtheirjobs.”Hedescribedtheinadequaciesofhisstudents,allhighschoolgraduateswhocanuselanguageonlyatagrade9level.Iwasunabletodeterminefromhisanswerstomyquestionshowthisgrade9levelhadbeenestablished.

Mytopicisnotstandardsnoritsdecline.Whatthespeakerwasreallysayingisthatheisnolongeryoung;hehasbeenteachingforsixteenyears,andisabletothinkandspeaklikeamatureadult.

Mypointisthatthefrequentcomplaintofonegenerationabouttheoneimmediatelyfollowingitisinevitable.Itisalsohumannaturetolookforthereasonsforourdissatisfaction.BeforeEnglishbecameaschoolsubjectinthelatenineteenthcentury,itwasdifficulttofindthetargetoftheblameforlanguagedeficiencies.Butsincethen,Englishteachershavebeenunderconstantattack.

Thecomplainersthinktheyhavehituponanoriginalidea.Astheirowncommandofthelanguageimproves,theynoticethatyoungpeopledonothavethissameability.Unawarethattheirownabilityhasdevelopedthroughtheyears,theyassumethenewgenerationsofyoungpeoplemustbehopelessinthisrespect.Totheeyesandearsofsensitiveadultsthelanguageoftheyoungalwaysseemsinadequate.

SincethisconcernaboutthedeclineandfalloftheEnglishlanguageisnotperceivedasagenerationalphenomenonbutratherassomethingnewandpeculiartotoday’syoungpeople,itnaturallyfollowsthattoday’sEnglishteacherscannotbedoingtheirjobs.Otherwise,youngpeoplewouldnotcommitoffensesagainstthelanguage.

1.Thespeakertheauthormentionedinthepassagebelievedthat________.

2.Intheauthor’sopinion,thespeaker________.

3.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat________.

4.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsthespeaker’sremarksis________.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.thelanguageoftheyoungergenerationisusuallyinferiortothatoftheoldergeneration

B.thestudentshadapoorcommandofEnglishbecausetheydidn’tworkhardenough

C.thewasanexcellentlanguageteacherbecausehehadbeenteachingEnglishforsixteenyears

D.Englishteachersshouldbeheldresponsibleforthestudents’poorcommandofEnglish

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.gaveacorrectjudgmentoftheEnglishlevelofthestudents

B.hadexaggeratedthelanguageproblemsofthestudents

C.wasrightinsayingthatEnglishteacherswerenotdoingtheirjobs

D.couldthinkandspeakintelligently

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.itisjustifiabletoincludeEnglishasaschoolsubject

B.theauthordisagreeswiththespeakeroverthestandardofEnglishatGrade9level

C.Englishlanguageteachingisbynomeansaneasyjob

D.languageimprovementneedstimeandeffort

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.neutral

B.positive

C.critical

D.compromising

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:C

【解析】第1題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Thespeakertheauthormentionedinthepassagebelievedthat________.作者在文中提到的演講者認(rèn)為________。

A.thelanguageoftheyoungergenerationisusuallyinferiortothatoftheoldergenerationA.年輕一代的語言通常不如老一代的語言

B.thestudentshadapoorcommandofEnglishbecausetheydidn’tworkhardenoughB.這些學(xué)生的英語水平很低,因?yàn)樗麄儾粔蚺?/p>

C.thewasanexcellentlanguageteacherbecausehehadbeenteachingEnglishforsixteenyearsC.他是一位優(yōu)秀的語言老師,因?yàn)樗呀?jīng)教了16年英語了

D.Englishteachersshouldbeheldresponsibleforthestudents’poorcommandofEnglishD.英語教師應(yīng)該對(duì)學(xué)生英語不好負(fù)責(zé)

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干中信息詞Thespeaker定位到第一段第一句,該處講到“演講者(Thespeaker)是一所社區(qū)大學(xué)的教師”,結(jié)合該段第二句“他說,高中英語老師沒有做好他們的工作(HighschoolEnglishteachersarenotdoingtheirjobs)?!?,可知他認(rèn)為學(xué)生英語不好是高中老師的責(zé)任,因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“年輕一代的語言通常不如老一代的語言”:文中沒有提到,屬于無中生有;

B選項(xiàng)“這些學(xué)生的英語水平很低,因?yàn)樗麄儾粔蚺Α保貉葜v者認(rèn)為其原因在于老師沒教好,而不是學(xué)生不努力,屬于偷換概念;

C選項(xiàng)“他是一位優(yōu)秀的語言老師,因?yàn)樗呀?jīng)教了16年英語了”:對(duì)應(yīng)第二段最后一句“他已經(jīng)教書十六年了(teachingforsixteenyears),能像成年人一樣思考和說話(thinkandspeaklikeamatureadult)?!?,能像成年人一樣思考和說話不等同于是一位優(yōu)秀的語言老師,演講者沒有這樣的意思,屬于偷換概念。

第2題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Intheauthor’sopinion,thespeaker________.在作者看來,演講者_(dá)_______。

A.gaveacorrectjudgmentoftheEnglishlevelofthestudentsA.對(duì)學(xué)生的英語水平做出了正確的判斷

B.hadexaggeratedthelanguageproblemsofthestudentsB.夸大了學(xué)生的語言問題

C.wasrightinsayingthatEnglishteacherswerenotdoingtheirjobsC.說英語老師沒有做好他們的工作是對(duì)的

D.couldthinkandspeakintelligentlyD.能聰明地思考和說話

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干中信息詞author’sopinion定位到第三段第一、二句,該處講到“我的觀點(diǎn)是(Mypointisthat),一代人對(duì)下一代人的頻繁抱怨(frequentcomplaint)不可避免(inevitable)。尋找不滿(lookfordissatisfaction)也是出于人的天性(humannature)?!?,可知作者認(rèn)為上一代人找理由抱怨下一代人的語言能力是出于天性,而不是因?yàn)檫@些學(xué)生的英語水平真的很低,夸大了學(xué)生的語言問題,因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“對(duì)學(xué)生的英語水平做出了正確的判斷”:作者認(rèn)為沒有正確、客觀地評(píng)價(jià),反而夸大了學(xué)生的語言問題,屬于反向干擾;

C選項(xiàng)“說英語老師沒有做好他們的工作是對(duì)的”:對(duì)應(yīng)該段第三、四句“在19世紀(jì)末英語成為一門學(xué)科(Englishbecameaschoolsubject)之前,很難找

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