書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-山西旅游職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Heisanhonestperson.Heis______todosuchadishonestthing.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theleastman

B.notlikely

C.thelastman

D.thelatestman

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。在“thelastpersontodosth.”或“thelastpersonthat...”句式中，thelast=theleastlikely；last由原義“最后的”演繹為“最不大可能的，最不愿意……的”，因此它含有否定的意思，如：YouarethelastpersonIwanttosee.“你是我最不愿意看到的人”，That’sthelastthinghewants.“那是他最不愿意要的東西”，但并非所有的thelastpersontodosth.都表示“最不肯（或最不會(huì)，最不愿意）做某事的人”，有時(shí)表示“最后一個(gè)做某事的人”，如在搶險(xiǎn)斗爭(zhēng)中最后一個(gè)撤離現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的人：Hewasthelastpersontoleavethesinkingship.到底表示“最不愿意做某事的人”還是表示“最后一個(gè)做某事的人”，這要根據(jù)上下文的意思來判定。notlikely雖符合語法結(jié)構(gòu)，但不符合上下文的邏輯意思。句意：他是一個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)的人，他絕對(duì)不可能做這種不誠(chéng)實(shí)的事。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

2.單選題

Therehasnotbeenagreatresponsetothesale,（）?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.doesthere

B.hasn’tthere

C.hasn’tit

D.hasthere

【答案】D

【解析】考查反義疑問句。含有therebe結(jié)構(gòu)的反義疑問句，如果陳述部分為therebe結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，則疑問部分用be（not）there。例如：Thereisnotmuchnews，isthere？本題用的是therebe句型的完成時(shí)的否定形式，所以反義疑問句要用到完成時(shí)的肯定形式，即hasthere？句意：這次銷售反響不太好，對(duì)吧？綜上所述，本題的正確答案是D選項(xiàng)。

3.單選題

Aspeoplecontinuetogrowandage,ourbodysystemscontinuetochange.Atacertainpointinyourlife,yourbodysystembegantoweaken.Yourjointmaybecomestiff.Itmaybecomemoredifficultforyoutoseeandhear.Theslowchangeofagingcausesourbodiestolosesomeoftheirabilitytobouncebackfromdiseaseandinjury.Inordertolivelonger,wehavealwaystriedtosloworstopthisprocessthatleadsustowardtheendofourlives.

Manyfactorscontributetoyourhealth.Awell-balanceddietplaysanimportantrole.Theamountandtypeofexercisesyougetisanotherfactor.Yourlivingenvironmentandtheamountofstressyouareunderisyetanother.Butscientistsstudyingsenescencewanttoknow:Whydopeoplegrowold?Theyhopethatbyexaminingtheagingprocessonacellularlevelmedicalsciencemaybeabletoextendthelengthoflife.

Thereisnothingtobeafraidofasoldageapproaches.Manyconsiderthelaterportionsoflifetobethebesttimeforliving.Physicalactivitymaylessen,butoftenyougainabroaderunderstandingofyourselfandtheworld.

Whatweconsideroldagenowmayonlybemiddle-agedsomedaysoon.Whoknowswithsomanyadvancesinmedicalsciencehappeningsoquickly,lifespansmayonedaybemeasuredincenturies,ratherthaninyears!

1.Whenpeoplebecomeaging,theywilllosesomeoftheirabilitytobouncebackfromdiseaseandinjury,“bounceback”heremeans（）.

2.Inordertolivelonger,（）.

3.Whyaresomescientistsinterestedinstudyingsenescence?

4.Manyconsiderthelaterportionsoflifetobethebesttimeofliving,because（）.

5.Accordingtothepassage,“spans”means（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.toimproveinhealthafterone’sdiseaseandinjury

B.torunfast

C.torecoverfromdiseaseandinjury

D.tojumpafterrecovering

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.weshouldpostponetheprocessofaging

B.weshouldtrytodosomeexercise

C.wehavetotrytobeonadiet

D.weshouldkeepinhighspirits

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theymaybeabletofindbetterwaystoourlife.

B.Iftheypindownthebiochemicalprocessthatmakesusage,therewillbehopeforextendingthelengthoflife.

C.Theywantfindoutifthereisalinkbetweenhowefficientlyacellcouldrepairitselfandhowlongacreaturelives.

D.Theywanttoincreasethegeneralabilityofourbodies.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theyhaveaverygoodunderstandingofthemselvesandtheoutsideworld

B.theyhavenothingtodoalldaylongonlytowatchtheirgrandchildrengrowinguparoundthem

C.theyhavecomethroughthebattleoflifesafely

D.theyconsidertheirlifehasbeenasuccessfulone

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.alongperiodoftime

B.alengthoftime

C.alongdistancefromoneplacetoanother

D.longevity

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】1.信息推斷題。根據(jù)第一段的第五句“Theslowchangeofagingcausesourbodiestolosesomeoftheir

2.信息推斷題。根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“Inordertolivelonger,wehavealwaystriedtoslowor

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段的最后一句“Theyhopethatbyexaminingtheagingprocessonacellularlevelmedicalsciencemaybeabletoextendthelengthoflife.”他們希望通過在細(xì)胞層次上研究衰老過程，醫(yī)學(xué)可能延長(zhǎng)人們的壽命。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

4.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“Physicalactivitymaylessen,butoftenyougainabroaderunderstandingofyourselfandtheworld.”選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

5.詞匯推斷題。根據(jù)原文句意：lifespans將來也許會(huì)以幾個(gè)世紀(jì)來計(jì)算，而不是以幾年來計(jì)算。由此可推斷，spans指時(shí)間的長(zhǎng)短。所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

4.單選題

Itisimperativethatthegovernment（）moreinvestmentintotheshipbuildingindustry.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.attracts

B.shallattract

C.attract

D.hastoattract

【答案】C

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。在itis+表示要求，建議，必要，命令意思的形容詞或分詞+主語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)中。句子使用虛擬語氣。其結(jié)構(gòu)是“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略，imperative表示“必要的，不可避免的”。句意：吸引更多的投資到造船業(yè)是勢(shì)在必行的。因此,本題的正確答案是C選項(xiàng)。

5.單選題

Ihavelongbelievedthattroublebetweentheracesisseldomwhatitappearstobe.Itwasnothardtoseeaftermyfirsttalkswithstudentsthatracialtensiononcampusisaproblemthatmisrepresentsitself.Ithasthesamelook,thetypicalpattern,ofAmerica’stimelessracialconflict—whiteracismandblackprotest.AndIthinkpartofourconcernoveritcomesfromthefactthatithasthefeelofarelapse,illnessgoneandcomeagain.Butifweareseeingthesamesymptoms,Idon’tbelievewearedealingwiththesameillness.Foronething,Ithinkracialtensiononcampusistheresultmoreofracialequalitythaninequality.

HowtolivewithracialdifferencehasbeenAmerica’sprofoundsocialproblem.Forthefirst100yearsorsofollowingemancipationitwascontrolledbyalegallyapprovedinequalitythatactedasabufferbetweentheraces.Nolongeristhisthecase.Oncampusestoday,asthroughoutsociety,blacksenjoyequalityunderthelaw—aprofoundsocialadvancement.Nostudentmaybekeptoutofaclassoradormitoryoranextracurricularactivitybecauseofhisorherrace.Butthereisaparadoxhere.Onacampuswheremembersofallracesaregathered,mixedtogetherintheclassroomaswellassocially,differencesaremoreexposedthanever.Andthisiswherethetroublestarts.Formembersofeachraceyoungadultscomingintotheirown,oftenawayfromhomeforthefirsttimebringtothissiteoffreedom,exploration,andnow,today,equality,verydeepfearsandanxieties,notfullydevelopedfeelingsofracialshame,anger,andguilt.Thesefeelingscouldliehiddeninthehome,infamiliarneighborhoods,insimplerdaysofchildhood.Butthecollegecampus,withitsstructuresofinteractionandadult-levelcompetition一thebigexam,thedorm,the“mixer”—isanothermatter.Ithinkcampusracismisbornoftherubbetweenracialdifferenceandasetting,thecampusitself,devotedtointeractionandequality.Onourcampuses,suchconcentratedmicro-societies,allthatremainsunresolvedbetweenblacksandwhites,alltheoldwoundsandshamesthathaveneverbeenaddressed,presentthemselvesforattention-andpresentouryouthwithpressurestheycannotalwayshandle.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,（）.

2.Nowadaysracialtensiononcampusmostprobablystartswith（）.

3.Thephrase“comingintotheirown’’onLine8ofParagraph2probablymeans（）.

4.Whenyoungadultsentercollegeforthefirsttime,（）.

5.Thepassageismainlyabout（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.peoplehavemisunderstoodthecausesofracialtension

B.peopledon’tunderstandthecausesofracialtension

C.racialtensionkeepsthesametypicalpatterninhistory

D.racialtensiononcampusisthesameasracialtensioninsociety

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.racialinequality

B.suddenawarenessofracialdifferences

C.whiteracism

D.racialinteractionandcompetition

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.enteringtheirownhomes

B.showingtheirownvalues

C.enteringtheirowncolleges

D.havingtheirownproblems

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theybringfreedomandexplorationtocampus

B.theysufferfromracialinequalityanddifferences

C.theybringwiththemfear,anxietyandotherfeelings

D.theysufferfromcompetitionsinbigexams

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.racialinequalityinAmericansociety

B.racialtensioninAmericansociety

C.racialequalityoncampusandinsociety

D.thecausesofracialtensiononcampus

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:1.推理判斷題。由第一段“Ithasthesamelook,thetypicalpattern,ofAmerica’stimelessracialconflict—whiteracismandblackprotest.校園種族矛盾與美國(guó)永恒的種族沖突的經(jīng)典模式-白人種族主義與黑人抗議是相同的?！笨芍N矛盾在歷史上有相同的模式。故C項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)“人們誤解了種族緊張的原因”以及B項(xiàng)“人們不理解種族緊張的原因”是對(duì)“Itwasnothardtoseeaftermyfirsttalkswithstudentsthatracialtensiononcampusisaproblemthatmisrepresentsitself.在我第一次與學(xué)生交談后，不難看出校園里的種族緊張是一個(gè)誤傳自身的問題?！钡那狻項(xiàng)文中未提及。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第二段Butthecollegecampus,withitsstructuresofinteractionandadult-levelcompetition一thebigexam,thedorm,the“mixer”—isanothermatter.Ithinkcampusracismisbornoftherubbetweenracialdifferenceandasetting,thecampusitself,devotedtointeractionandequality.但大學(xué)校園,因其結(jié)構(gòu)為社交和成人水平的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)——大型考試，宿舍，“大量混合”是另一回事。我認(rèn)為校園種族主義源于種族差異和校園環(huán)境之間的摩擦，校園本身致力于社交和平等?？芍缃裥@種族矛盾是源于社交和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，故D項(xiàng)正確。

3.推理判斷題。Formembersofeachraceyoungadultscomingintotheirown,oftenawayfromhomeforthefirsttime…對(duì)于每一個(gè)不同種族的年輕人來說，他們都是第一次離開家來到大學(xué)…由此可知年輕人是第一次離開家進(jìn)入大學(xué)。故C項(xiàng)正確。

4.推理判斷題。由第二段“Formembersofeachraceyoungadultscomingintotheirown,oftenawayfromhomeforthefirsttimebringtothissiteoffreedom,exploration,andnow,today,equality,verydeepfearsandanxieties,notfullydevelopedfeelingsofracialshame,anger,andguilt.對(duì)于每一個(gè)不同種族的年輕人來說，他們都是第一次離開家來到大學(xué),他們給這個(gè)自由，探索和平等的地方帶來了深深的恐懼和焦慮，以及還未完全發(fā)展的種族羞恥感，憤怒和內(nèi)疚感?！笨芍贻p人第一次進(jìn)入大學(xué)時(shí)，他們帶去了恐懼，憤怒，內(nèi)疚等感情。故C項(xiàng)正確。

5.主旨大意題。本文主要分析了校園種族矛盾的原因，即在一個(gè)微型的社會(huì)里（校園里）種族平等使以前未解決的問題現(xiàn)在更加明顯地暴露出來。故D項(xiàng)正確。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

第5題:

6.單選題

NiagaraFallsisagreattourist（

）,drawingmillionsofvisitorseveryyear.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.attention

B.attraction

C.appointment

D.arrangement

【答案】B

【解析】形近詞辨析題。attention注意力；attraction吸引人的事物；appointment任命，約定；arrangement安排，布置。

句意：尼亞加拉瀑布是一個(gè)著名的旅游景點(diǎn)，每年吸引數(shù)以百萬計(jì)的游客。只有選項(xiàng)B符合語境。

7.單選題

Myfatherwillbeheretomorrow,butatfirstIthoughtthathe（）today.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wascoming

B.iscoming

C.willcome

D.come

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)辨析。題干中的第一個(gè)分句用的是現(xiàn)在將來時(shí)態(tài)，第二個(gè)分句的主句用的是一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，賓語從句中應(yīng)該使用表示過去將來的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)語法規(guī)則，某些動(dòng)詞（如come，arrive，leave等）的進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)可以表示將來。句意：我父親明天會(huì)來，但起初我以為他今天會(huì)來。因此，根據(jù)題意和語法規(guī)則，A選項(xiàng)正確。

8.單選題

Democrituswasfascinatedbythequestionofwhatprincipleunderlaythematerialuniverseanddevelopedasolutionthatrevealedthebrillianceofhisthought.Everymaterialthing,Democritusbelieved,ismadeupofafinitenumberofdiscreteparticles,oratoms,ashecalledthem,whosejoiningtogetherandsubsequentseparationaccountforthecomingtobeofthingsandfortheirpassingaway.Theatomsthemselves,hesaid,areinfiniteinnumberandeternal.Theymove,accordingtoanecessarymotion,inthevoid,whichwewouldcallspace.

MostofthemaintenetsoftheatomismofDemocrituswereastonishinglymodern.First,theatomswereinvisiblysmall.Theywereallofthesamestuff,ornature,buttheycameinamultitudeofdifferentshapesandsizes.Thoughimpermeable(Democritusdidnotknowthatatomscouldbesplit),theyactedupononeanother,aggregatingandclingingtooneanothersoastoproducethegreatvarietyofbodiesthatwesee.Thespaceoutsidetheatomswasempty,aconceptthatmostofDemocritus’contemporariescouldnotaccept.

Second,theatomswereinperpetualmotion,ineverydirection,throughoutemptyspace.Thereisnoaboveorbelow,beforeorbehind,inemptyspace,saidDemocritus.Inmodernterms,emptyspacedidnotvaryaccordingtodirection.Thiswasanextremelysophisticatednotion.

Third,thecontinualmotionoftheatomswasinherent.Theypossessedwhatwouldcallinertialmass.Thenotionthattheatomskeptonmovingwithoutbeingpushed,besidesbeinganotherremarkableintellectualconcept,wasnotacceptabletoAristotleandothers.Onlythecelestialbodies,Aristotlethought,keptonmovingofanybythemselves,becausetheyweredivine.ThegeneralrefusalbyAristotleandhisinfluentialfollowerstoacceptthelawofinertiastoodasanobstacletothedevelopmentofphysicsfortwothousandyears.

Fourth,weightorgravitywasnotapropertyofatomsorindeedofaggregatesthereof.HereDemocrituswasaswrongaswrongcouldbe.

WhetherDemocrituswasrightorwrongaboutafifthpointisnotdefinitelydecidedtothisday.Heheldthatthesoulisbreathandbecausebreathismaterial,andthereforemadeupofatoms,somustthesoulbe.Hemaintainedthat,becausethesoulisaphysicalthing,itmustbedeterminedbyphysicallaws;itcannotbefree.Eventhehardythinkerswhoclaimtoacceptthistheorydonotactasiftheydo.Theymaydenytheinnatefreedomofothers,buttheyactasiftheybelieveintheirown.

Thetensionbuiltupbythisantinomyhasprovedtobefruitfuloverthecenturies.However,thenotionthatthesoulwasmaterialprovedsounacceptabletoboththeAristoteliansandtheChristiansthatfornearlytwomillenniatheatomichypothesislanguished.

26.AccordingtoDemocritus,emptyspace______.

27.TheauthordiscussesthebeliefsofAristotleandhisfollowers(inParagraph4)inorderto______.

28.ItcanbeinferredfromDemocritus’inclusionofthesoulinhistheoriesofthematerialuniverse(inParagraph6)that______.

29.Democrituswouldmostlikelybelievethatwhichofthefollowingwouldexplainthelifecycleofaflower?

30.Whichismotanalogoustoa“hardythinkers”(inParagraph6)viewofthesoul?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.doesnotexistwithregardtoatoms

B.isdirectionlesswithregardtothemovementofatoms

C.isanerroneousnotionconcerningatoms

D.possessesinertialmass

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.supportthevalidityofDemocritus’theories

B.notethatinfluentialindividualsdelayedtheacceptanceofscientifictruth

C.highlighttheaccuracyofcertainpartsofDemocritus’theory

D.addanelementofphilosophyintoanotherwisescientificdiscussion

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.philosophy,religion,andsciencewerenotalwaysthoughtofasseparatefields

B.scientistsareoftenunsuccessfulinmakingphilosophicaltheories

C.hislineofthinkingwasessentiallyunsound

D.hewasattemptinghisthinkingwiththatofAristotle

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Auniquetypeofmatterisdrawntoapointinthevoidandtakesroot.

B.Theconstantmotionofatomsproducestheillusionofaflower.

C.Thesamematerialthatcomposesthesoulalsobreatheslifeintoplants.

D.Atomscometogetherastheflowergrowsanddisperseasitdies.

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Apolitician’spracticeofusingpublictransportationbecausethatishoweveryoneinhiscitytravels.

B.Adoctor’srecommendationthathispatientquitsmokingtoimprovethepatient’shealthwhilethedoctorsmokesapackaday.

C.Amothertakingherdaughtertoballetpracticeeverydaybecausethemotherneverhadthatopportunityasachild.

D.Amuseumcuratordecidingnottorunanexhibitionbecausehebelievesthepublicwillnotenjoyit.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】26.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

26.AccordingtoDemocritus,emptyspace______.26.根據(jù)德謨克利特的說法，真空______。

A.doesnotexistwithregardtoatomsA.對(duì)于原子來說是不存在的

B.isdirectionlesswithregardtothemovementofatomsB.對(duì)于原子的運(yùn)動(dòng)來說是沒有方向的

C.isanerroneousnotionconcerningatomsC.關(guān)于原子，它的概念是錯(cuò)誤的

D.possessesinertialmassD.具有慣性質(zhì)量

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】定位到第三段前兩句“第二，在整個(gè)真空中原子在每個(gè)方向（ineverydirection）無限運(yùn)動(dòng)（inperpetualmotion）。德謨克利特說，在真空中沒有上面或下面、前面或后面?！保@一點(diǎn)屬于德謨克利特原子論的其中一點(diǎn)，所以根據(jù)德謨克利特的說法，在真空中，原子的運(yùn)動(dòng)是沒有方向的，B項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)定位第二段最后一句“原子外的空間是真空的（Thespaceoutsidetheatomswasempty），這是德謨克利特同時(shí)代的大多數(shù)人無法接受的概念”，可知A項(xiàng)與原文相反，為反向干擾；

C選項(xiàng)在原文并未提及德謨克利特對(duì)于原子的概念是錯(cuò)誤的，屬于曲解原文；

D選項(xiàng)講的是原子的連續(xù)運(yùn)動(dòng)，和題干無關(guān)，屬于張冠李戴。

27.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

27.TheauthordiscussesthebeliefsofAristotleandhisfollowers(inParagraph4)inorderto______.27.作者在第4段討論了亞里士多德和他的追隨者的信仰，是為了______。

A.supportthevalidityofDemocritus’theoriesA.支持德謨克利特理論的可信性

B.notethatinfluentialindividualsdelayedtheacceptanceofscientifictruthB.注意到有影響力的個(gè)人推遲了對(duì)科學(xué)真理的接受

C.highlighttheaccuracyofcertainpartsofDemocritus’theoryC.強(qiáng)調(diào)德謨克利特理論某些部分的準(zhǔn)確性

D.addanelementofphilosophyintoanotherwisescientificdiscussionD.在科學(xué)討論中加入哲學(xué)元素

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】定位第四段最后一句“亞里士多德和他的有影響力的追隨者普遍拒絕接受慣性定律，這成為物理學(xué)發(fā)展的一個(gè)障礙（anobstacletothedevelopmentofphysics），持續(xù)了兩千年”，由obstacle可知，亞里士多德和他的追隨者對(duì)慣性定律的普遍拒絕阻礙了物理學(xué)的發(fā)展，B項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A、C選項(xiàng)在這一段沒有討論到德謨克利特理論準(zhǔn)確性，屬于無中生有；

D選項(xiàng)在該處沒有體現(xiàn)，也屬于無中生有。

28.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

28.ItcanbeinferredfromDemocritus’inclusionofthesoulinhistheoriesofthematerialuniverse(inParagraph6)that______.28.從第6段的德謨克利特將靈魂包含在他的物質(zhì)宇宙理論中可以推斷出______。

A.philosophy,religion,andsciencewerenotalwaysthoughtofasseparatefieldsA.哲學(xué)、宗教和科學(xué)并不總是被認(rèn)為是獨(dú)立的領(lǐng)域

B.scientistsareoftenunsuccessfulinmakingphilosophicaltheoriesB.科學(xué)家們?cè)谔岢稣軐W(xué)理論方面常常不成功

C.hislineofthinkingwasessentiallyunsoundC.他的思路基本上是不正確的

D.hewasattemptinghisthinkingwiththatofAristotleD.他試圖用亞里士多德的思想來思考

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】定位到第六段“他認(rèn)為靈魂是呼吸，因?yàn)楹粑俏镔|(zhì)的，因此由原子構(gòu)成，所以靈魂也必然是這樣。他堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，因?yàn)殪`魂是物理的東西，它必須由物理定律決定，它不可能是自由的。”，可知，德謨克利特認(rèn)為靈魂是呼吸，而呼吸是由原子構(gòu)成的物質(zhì)，所以靈魂也是由原子構(gòu)成的物質(zhì)，屬于物理，由物理定律決定。綜上所述，從德謨克利特的這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)我們可以推斷，哲學(xué)和物理是相互依存的，故A項(xiàng)符合題意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B、C選項(xiàng)定位至第六段第一句“德謨克利特關(guān)于第五點(diǎn)的判斷是對(duì)還是錯(cuò)，直到今天還沒有定論”，可知，德謨克利特關(guān)于靈魂的觀點(diǎn)直到今天還不知道是否正確，所以這兩項(xiàng)無從推敲，屬于曲解原文；

D選項(xiàng)沒有提及，屬于無中生有。

29.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

29.Democrituswouldmostlikelybelievethatwhichofthefollowingwouldexplainthelifecycleofaflower?29.德謨克利特很可能相信下列哪一項(xiàng)可以解釋一朵花的生命周期？

A.Auniquetypeofmatterisdrawntoapointinthevoidandtakesroot.

A.一種獨(dú)特的物質(zhì)被吸引到真空中的某一點(diǎn)并扎根。

B.Theconstantmotionofatomsproducestheillusionofaflower.

B.原子的不斷運(yùn)動(dòng)產(chǎn)生了花朵的錯(cuò)覺。

C.Thesamematerialthatcomposesthesoulalsobreatheslifeintoplants.

C.構(gòu)成靈魂的物質(zhì)同樣也將生命吸入植物。

D.Atomscometogetherastheflowergrowsanddisperseasitdies.

D.花朵生長(zhǎng)時(shí)原子聚集在一起，死亡時(shí)原子分散。

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】定位第一段第二句“德謨克利特認(rèn)為，每一個(gè)物質(zhì)事物都是由有限數(shù)量的離散粒子組成的，他稱之為原子，這些粒子的結(jié)合和隨后的分離解釋了事物的產(chǎn)生和消逝”，可知，德謨克利特認(rèn)為物體的產(chǎn)生和消逝和原子的聚集和分散有關(guān)，D項(xiàng)符合這一理論，該項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)都不符合德謨克利特關(guān)于原子的觀點(diǎn)，屬于曲解原文。

30.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

30.Whichismotanalogoustoa“hardythinkers”(inParagraph6)viewofthesoul?30.下列哪一種觀點(diǎn)與第6段中勇敢的思想家關(guān)于靈魂的觀點(diǎn)類似？

A.Apolitician’spracticeofusingpublictransportationbecausethatishoweveryoneinhiscitytravels.A.政治家使用公共交通工具的習(xí)慣，因?yàn)樗诔鞘械拿總€(gè)人都是這樣出行的。

B.Adoctor’srecommendationthathispatientquitsmokingtoimprovethepatient’shealthwhilethedoctorsmokesapackaday.B.醫(yī)生建議他的病人戒煙，以改善病人的健康，而醫(yī)生每天抽一包煙。

C.Amothertakingherdaughtertoballetpracticeeverydaybecausethemotherneverhadthatopportunityasachild.C.一位母親每天帶她的女兒去練芭蕾舞，因?yàn)樗r(shí)候從來沒有這樣的機(jī)會(huì)。

D.Amuseumcuratordecidingnottorunanexhibitionbecausehebelievesthepublicwillnotenjoyit.D.一個(gè)博物館館長(zhǎng)決定不舉辦展覽，因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為公眾不會(huì)喜歡它。

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】定位到第六段最后兩句“即使是那些聲稱接受這一理論的勇敢的思想家們，也沒有表現(xiàn)得好像他們接受了這一理論。他們可能會(huì)否認(rèn)別人天生的自由，但他們表現(xiàn)得好像相信自己的自由?！?，由此可知，聲稱接受了靈魂不是自由的觀點(diǎn)的勇敢的思想家們，在行動(dòng)上并沒有表現(xiàn)得他們接受這一個(gè)理論，他們一邊接受別人沒有天生自由，一邊卻相信自己的自由，這和B項(xiàng)是一樣的，所以B項(xiàng)是正確的。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D選項(xiàng)都不符合這一觀點(diǎn)，屬于曲解原文。

9.單選題

Thegardenlookedasifit______foryears.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wasn’twatered

B.didn’twater

C.hasn’twatered

D.hadn’tbeenwatered

【答案】D

【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：這花園看起來多年未澆水。looked為一般過去時(shí)，澆水的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去的過去，側(cè)重未澆水的結(jié)果，用過去完成時(shí)；結(jié)合花園被澆水確定用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，D選項(xiàng)hadn’tbeenwatered符合題意。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

10.翻譯題

InGermany,incontrastwithFrance,friendshipismuchmoreclearlyamatteroffeeling,Adolescents,boysandgirls,fromdeeplysentimentalattachments,walkandtalktogether-notsomuchtopolishtheirwitsastosharetheirhopesandfearsanddreamstoformacommonfrontagainsttheworldofschoolandfamilyandtojoininakindofmutualdiscoveryofeachother'sandtheirowninnerlife.Withinthefamily,theclosestrelationshipoveralifetimeisbetweenbrothersandsisters.Outsidethefamily,menandwomenfindintheirclosestfriendsofthesamesexthedevotionofasister,theloyaltyofabrother.Appropriately,inGermanyfriendsusuallyarebroughtintothefamily.Childrencalltheirfather'sandtheirmother'sfriends“uncle”and“aunt”.BetweenFrenchfriends,whohavechoseneachotherforthesimilarityoftheirpointofview,livelydisagreementandsharpnessofargumentarethebreathoflife.ButforGermans,whosefriendshipsarebasedoncommonfeelings,deepdisagreementonanysubjectthatmatterstobothisregardedasatragedy.Liketiesofkinship,tiesoffriendshiparemeanttobeabsolutelybinding.YoungGermanswhocometotheUnitedStateshavegreatdifficultyinestablishingsuchfriendshipwithAmericans.Weviewfriendshipmoretentatively,subjecttochangesinintensityaspeoplemove,changetheirjobs,marry,ordiscovernewinterests.

【答案】與法國(guó)不同,在德國(guó),友誼更注重感覺。青少年,男孩和女駭之間,他們有著很深的情感依賴,總是很親密地走在一起,與其說是為了彰顯各自的聰明才智,不如說是為了分享他們的希望、恐懼和夢(mèng)想,以此來形成一條對(duì)抗學(xué)校和家庭生活的統(tǒng)一陣線；來取得來自他們各自和自己內(nèi)心世界的一些姑且叫共識(shí)的東西。在家庭里,長(zhǎng)至一生且最密切的是兄弟姐妹之間的關(guān)系；在家庭外,人們?cè)谕蚤g最親密的朋友身上發(fā)現(xiàn)如姐妹般的奉獻(xiàn),如兄弟般的忠誠(chéng)。在德國(guó),朋友經(jīng)常被帶進(jìn)家庭,孩子們叫他們父母的朋友“叔叔”和“阿姨”。在法國(guó),人們會(huì)挑選有著相同見解和觀念的人作為朋友,朋友之間會(huì)為了生活的空間和態(tài)度的分歧激烈的爭(zhēng)執(zhí)。但對(duì)于友誼建立在雙方共同的感覺的德國(guó)人來說,如果在雙方都認(rèn)為重要的問題上產(chǎn)生了尖銳的分歧,那就是極大的不幸。就像親屬關(guān)系一樣,友誼的紐帶是絕對(duì)有約束力的。來到美國(guó)的年輕德國(guó)人很難與美國(guó)人建立這樣的友誼。我們對(duì)友誼的看法更具試探性,隨著人們搬家、換工作、結(jié)婚或發(fā)現(xiàn)新的興趣愛好,友誼的強(qiáng)度會(huì)發(fā)生變化。

11.單選題

Becauseadegreefromagooduniversityisthemeanstoabetterjob,educationisoneofthemost（

）areasinJapaneselife.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.sophisticated

B.competitive

C.considerate

D.superficial

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。sophisticated意為“見多識(shí)廣的，老練的”；competitive意為“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的，比賽的”；considerate意為“考慮周到的，體貼的”；superficial意為“膚淺的，表面的”。由前面because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語，可知好大學(xué)的學(xué)位意味著好更好的工作，故此推測(cè)教育領(lǐng)域具有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性，因此選B。

句意：因?yàn)橐凰么髮W(xué)的學(xué)位是獲得更好工作的手段，所以教育是日本人生活中最具競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的領(lǐng)域之一。

12.單選題

Wemusttakepartinphysicallaborinorderto（）ourselvesmorecloselywiththeworkingpeople.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.combine

B.incorporate

C.involve

D.identify

【答案】D

【解析】identifyoneselfwith表示“與……密切聯(lián)系”“到……中去”的意思；incorporatewith意為“與……合作（結(jié)合）”；combinewith意為“與……聯(lián)合”；involveoneselfin意為“參與”“卷入”，不與with搭配。本句意為：我們必須參加體力勞動(dòng)，目的是更好地與群眾打成一片?！芭c……打成一片”還可以用integrateoneselfwith。

13.單選題

African-Americanwomenpoetsalso（）totheliteraryachievementoftheHarlemRenaissance,particularlyintheirarticulationofrace,classandgenderissues.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.contributed

B.approached

C.adapted

D.elevated

【答案】A

【解析】句意:非裔美國(guó)女性詩人也對(duì)哈萊姆文藝復(fù)興吋期的文學(xué)成就做出了貢獻(xiàn)，尤其是她們?cè)诜N族、階級(jí)和性別問題上的表達(dá)。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的過去式。contribute貢獻(xiàn)，出力，投稿，捐獻(xiàn)；approach接近，著手處理；adapt使適應(yīng)，改編；elevate提升，維起，振奮情緒等。

14.單選題

Thesuspect（）thathehadnotbeenintheneighborhoodatthetimeofthecrime.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.advocated

B.alleged

C.addressed

D.announced

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)advocate“提倡，擁護(hù)”，B項(xiàng)allege“宣稱，斷言”，C項(xiàng)address“設(shè)法解決，致辭”，D項(xiàng)announce“宣布”。根據(jù)句子意思“嫌疑犯（）說案發(fā)時(shí)他不在附近”可知，空格部分填入allege最符合句意。句意：嫌疑犯聲稱案發(fā)時(shí)他不在附近。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

15.翻譯題

TheentryoftheAnglo-SaxonpeoplesintoBritain,andtheircenturies-longsuccessfulstruggletoestablishGermanickingdomsthere,isamongthemostfamousventuresoftheAgeofMigrations,butlikeotherhistoricaleventsofthetimeitisobscureinmuchofitsdetail:theidentityandplaceoforiginofthepeoplestakingpart,theneedsanddesiresthatmovedthemtoentry"andconquest,thelinesofinvasion,thedurationofnativeresistance,thehistoricityoftheBritishArthur（亞瑟王）.

【答案】盎格魯薩克遜民族進(jìn)入英國(guó)，并經(jīng)過幾百年的斗爭(zhēng)，最終在那里建立起日耳曼王國(guó)，那是移民時(shí)代最為著名的冒險(xiǎn)故事。但是和其他同時(shí)期的歷史事件一樣，這些事跡的很多細(xì)節(jié)模糊不清：如參與遷移民族的發(fā)源地以及他們的身份，他們處于什么樣的需求和愿望進(jìn)入并征服大不列顛，入侵的路線，當(dāng)?shù)厝说挚沟臅r(shí)間持續(xù)了多久，以及亞瑟王傳說的真實(shí)性。

16.單選題

Hewas_______totellthetrutheventohisclosestfriend.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.toomuchofacoward

B.toomuchthecoward

C.acowardenough

D.enoughofacoward

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定用法。綜合選項(xiàng)可知，本題考查“too…to…太……以致不能”，toomuchthecoward“懦夫太多”不符合句意，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

17.單選題

“Hello,Bob,Ididn’tknowyou（）jogging.”“Oh,yesGeorge,I’vebeendoingitforoveramonthnow.”

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.wentfor

B.wentout

C.wentonwith

D.wentinfor

【答案】D

【解析】考查短語辨析。A選項(xiàng)wentfor“去找，被認(rèn)為，主張，擁護(hù)，努力獲取”；B選項(xiàng)wentout“出去，熄滅，過時(shí)”；C選項(xiàng)wentonwith“繼續(xù)，進(jìn)行，暫時(shí)使用”；D選項(xiàng)wentinfor“愛好，參與，從事，追求，贊成”。句意：“你好，鮑勃，我不知道你（）慢跑?！薄班?，是的，喬治，我已經(jīng)跑了一個(gè)多月了?！笨梢钥闯?，提問的人是不知道鮑勃“愛好慢跑運(yùn)動(dòng)”，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

18.單選題

Somecinema-goersinLeipzigevenconfessedthatthefilmhadmadethemfeelemotionalandslightly（

）fortheirrecentpast.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.nostalgic

B.instinctive

C.intuitive

D.mirthful

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“鄉(xiāng)愁的，懷舊的”；B選項(xiàng)“本能的，天生的，直覺的”;C選項(xiàng)“直覺的”;D選項(xiàng)“愉快的，高興的”；根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞emotional和theirrecentpast以及句意‘萊比錫的一些電影觀眾甚至承認(rèn)，這部電影觸動(dòng)了他們的情感，有點(diǎn)懷念他們的過去’確定A選項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

ThomasLeech（）averysuccessfulcareerasaphotographer.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.builtup

B.carvedout

C.foughtfor

D.stumbledon

【答案】B

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。buildup“增強(qiáng)，加強(qiáng)”；carvedout“創(chuàng)業(yè)，開創(chuàng)”；foughtfor“為而奮斗”；stumbleon“無意中發(fā)現(xiàn)，偶然遇到”。句意：托馬斯作為一名攝影師開創(chuàng)了一份成功的事業(yè)。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

20.單選題

______elephantsaredifferentfromwildelephantsinmanyaspects,includingtheirtempers.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Cultivated

B.Regulated

C.Civil

D.Tame

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.Cultivated用于耕作的；有教養(yǎng)的B.Regulated調(diào)節(jié)的

C.Civil國(guó)民的；平民的D.Tame養(yǎng)馴的，馴服的

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】按照句意“______的大象和野象在很多方面都不一樣，包括它們的脾氣”可知，野象脾氣不穩(wěn)定，而馴服的大象會(huì)更溫順，所以空格處表示“馴服的”符合句意，該題選擇D項(xiàng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】馴象和野象在很多方面都不一樣，包括它們的脾氣。

21.單選題

ThewidespreadadoptionoftheInternetandtheWebmakesitpossibletoadministerquestionnairesurveyselectronically,potentiallyachievingmuchgreatercost-effectivenessandpermittingtheintegrationofdatafrommanyresources.Atthesametime,therearesignificanttechnicalchallengesthatmustbemet,especiallyintheareasoflogisticsandsampling.Recognizingtheneedforinnovationinthisandrelatedareas,theNSFMethodology,Measurement,andStatisticsProgram,incollaborationwithaconsortiumoffederalstatisticalagenciesrepresentedbytheInteragencyCouncilofStatisticalPolicyandtheFederalCommitteeonStatisticalMethodology,hasheldaspecialcompetitiononsurveyresearchmethods.Includedamongthetopicareasinthecompetitionannouncementis"secureandeasy-to-usemethodsofcollectingsurveydataviatheWeb".

Today'sleadingsocialscientificsurveysareveryexpensiveinterviewstudiesofnationalsamples.Forexample,theGSSadministersa90-minuteface-to-faceinterviewto1500Americanadultsatacostofabout$500perinterview.However,therespondentsarenotatruerandomsamplebecausecostconsiderationswithrespecttotheinterviewer'stravelrequirethatrespondentsberecruitedinalimitednumberofgeographicclusters,andthereisnolistofresidentsfromwhicharandomsamplecouldbedrawn.Thesmallnumberofgeographicareassurveyedlimitsscientists'abilitytolinkGSSdatatoothergeographicallybaseddatasuchastheU.S.census.BecauseofthehighcostandthemanyresearchcommunitiesthatseektimeintheGSS,itisimpossibletoincludemorethanahandfulofquestiononanyparticulartopic.ThispreventstheGSSfromemployingmuchofthebestmethodologyofmeasurementscaleconstruction,whichrequiresinclusionofalargenumberofitems.SurveysliketheGSSwillbeneededinfuturedecadestochartthechangingsocial,economic,andpoliticalconditionsoftheAmericanpublic.Butmanytypesofsocialsciencewilladvancemorerapidlythroughsurv