???.pyclass

module_class:mc_classattr

=

1def

init

(self,

mc_instattr

=

1):self.mc_instattr

=

mc_instattrdef

mc_func(self):return

"Method

with

a

count

of

{}".format(self.mc_classattr)def

module_func():print("Module

Function")if

name

==

"

main

":module_var

=

1print("Module

Statement")"這是模塊描述"class

module_class:mc_classattr

=

1def

init

(self,

mc_instattr

=

1):self.mc_instattr

=

mc_instattrdef

mc_func(self):return

"Method

with

a

count

of

{}".format(self.mc_classattr)if

name

==

"

main

":import

sysmc

=

module_class(sys.argv[1])print("Module

Statement")dir()import

mprint(dir(m))['

builtins

',

'

cached

',

'

doc

',

'

file

','

loader ',

'

name ',

'

package ',

'

spec

','module_class']????pkgpkg1pkg2

init

.pym1.pym2.py

init

.pym1.py

init

.pyPyCharm'pkg1

->

m1'def

mecho(any):print("pkg1-m1:

{}".format(any))'pkg1

->

m2'def

mecho(any):print("pkg1-m2:

{}".format(any))'pkg2

->

m1'def

mecho(any):print("pkg2-m1:

{}".format(any))print("[INFO]:導(dǎo)入pkg模塊")print("[INFO]:導(dǎo)入pkg1模塊")print("[INFO]:導(dǎo)入pkg2模塊")import

pkg.pkg1.m1import

pkg.pkg1.m2import

pkg.pkg2.m1pkg.pkg1.m1.mecho(123)pkg.pkg1.m2.mecho("Python123")pkg.pkg2.m1.mecho(["Python",123])[INFO]:導(dǎo)入pkg模塊[INFO]:導(dǎo)入pkg1模塊

[INFO]:導(dǎo)入pkg2模塊

pkg1-m1:123pkg1-m2:

Python123pkg2-m1:

['Python',

123]每個(gè)包僅被導(dǎo)入一次，且包導(dǎo)入按照層次結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行import

pkg.pkg1pkg.pkg1.m1.mecho(123)pkg.pkg1.m2.mecho("Python123")Traceback

(most

recent

call

last):File"...",

line

5,

in

<module>pkg.pkg1.m1.mecho(123)AttributeError:

module

'pkg.pkg1'

has

no

attribute

'm1'直接導(dǎo)入包不行，需要進(jìn)行到模塊層次from

pkg.pkg1import

m1,m2m1.mecho(123)m2.mecho("Python123")[INFO]:導(dǎo)入pkg模塊[INFO]:導(dǎo)入pkg1模塊pkg1-m1:

123pkg1-m2:

Python123from..import直接導(dǎo)入具體模塊，可以簡(jiǎn)化調(diào)用時(shí)命名空間表達(dá)from

pkg.pkg1import

*m1.mecho(123)m2.mecho("Python123")Traceback

(most

recent

call

last):File

"...",

line

5,

in

<module>m1.mecho(123)NameError:

name

'm1'

is

not

definedfrom..import

*需要額外代碼來編寫???all'pkg1

->

m1'def

mecho(any):print("pkg1-m1:

{}".format(any))'pkg1

->

m2'def

mecho(any):print("pkg1-m2:

{}".format(any))'pkg2

->

m1'def

mecho(any):print("pkg2-m1:

{}".format(any))print("[INFO]:導(dǎo)入pkg1模塊")

all

=

['m1',

'm2']print("[INFO]:導(dǎo)入pkg2模塊")

all

=

['m1']from

pkg.pkg1import

*m1.mecho(123)m2.mecho("Python123")[INFO]:導(dǎo)入pkg模塊

[INFO]:導(dǎo)入pkg1模塊

pkg1-m1:123pkg1-m2:

Python123

all

屬性支持from..import

*功能???每個(gè)包僅被導(dǎo)入一次，且包導(dǎo)入按照層次結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行直接導(dǎo)入包不能調(diào)用功能，需要導(dǎo)入到模塊層次??import???????project1pkg1m1.pym2.pypkg2m1.pyproject2pkg1m3.pym4.pypkg2m3.py??def

mecho(any):print("pkg1-m1:

{}".format(any))def

mecho(any):print("pkg2-m1:

{}".format(any))'pkg2

->

m1'def

mecho(any):print("pkg2-m2:

{}".format(any))def

mecho(any):print("pkg1-m3:

{}".format(any))def

mecho(any):print("pkg2-m3:

{}".format(any))'pkg2

->

m1'def

mecho(any):print("pkg2-m4:

{}".format(any))import

syssys.path

+=

['project1',

'project2']import

pkg1.m1import

pkg1.m3pkg1.m1.mecho(123)pkg1.m3.mecho("Python")print(pkg1.

path

)test.pyimport

syssys.path

+=

['project1',

'project2']import

pkg1.m1import

pkg1.m3pkg1.m1.mecho(123)pkg1.m3.mecho("Python")print(pkg1.

path

)將最頂層加入sys.path變量import

syssys.path

+=

['project1',

'project2']import

pkg1.m1import

pkg1.m3pkg1.m1.mecho(123)pkg1.m3.mecho("Python")print(pkg1.

path

)頂層

內(nèi)結(jié)構(gòu)成為一個(gè)命名空間pkg1-m1:

123pkg1-m3:

Pythonimport

syssys.path

+=

['project1',

'project2']import

pkg1.m1import

pkg1.m3pkg1.m