初中八種基本時(shí)態(tài)解說(shuō)及練習(xí)初中八種基本時(shí)態(tài)解說(shuō)及練習(xí)10/10初中八種基本時(shí)態(tài)解說(shuō)及練習(xí)適用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法〔時(shí)態(tài)〕be(“是/存在〞)的各樣化：一般在一般未來(lái)在達(dá)成Iam?.(I等各人稱(chēng))willbe?.Ihavebeen?.Youare.?IamYouhavebeen?.He/She/Itis?.He/She/ItisgoingtoShe/he/Ithasbeen?.We/You/Theyare?.be?We/You/TheyhaveWe/You/Theyarebeen...一般去去未來(lái)去達(dá)成Iwas?.(I等各人稱(chēng))wouldbe?.Ihadbeen?.Youwere.?IwasYouhadbeen?.He/She/Itwas?.He/She/ItwasgoingtoShe/he/Ithadbeen?.We/You/Theywere?.be?We/You/TheyhadWe/You/Theywerebeen...其余(主)的化一表：在一般在內(nèi)行一般未來(lái)在達(dá)成用原形(amwill+原形have+去分三加s/es)is+-ingamhas(句和否定句areis+goingto+原組成借用助do/形does)are去一般去去行去未來(lái)去達(dá)成用去式waswould+原形had+去分(句和否定句+-ingwas+goingto+原形組成借用助did)werewere[注意]在其余的中也存在似,住,關(guān)是：瞬不可以和表達(dá)一段的狀用。如：HowlongmayIkeepthebook?(本我能借多久？)(句子中keep取代了borrow)注意：句型化,文案大全適用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)否定句在am/is/are/will/have/has/was/were/had/would后邊加not,并且not都能夠縮寫(xiě)為n’t(am后邊not不可以夠縮寫(xiě))；疑問(wèn)句將am/is/are/will/have/has/was/were/had/would提早到句首。八種時(shí)態(tài)的詳細(xì)用法：一般此刻時(shí)：表示現(xiàn)階段常常或習(xí)慣發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),或說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的特征。①一般此刻時(shí)句子中常有的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：often,usually,sometimes,always,every(day等),once/twice,a(week等),on(Sunday等),never,inthe(morning等)。如：TheygotothePalaceMuseumonceayear.(他們每年去一次故宮)/Theyoftendiscussbusinessintheevening.(他們常常在夜晚商談生)表示客觀真諦、事實(shí)、人的技術(shù)或此刻的狀態(tài)時(shí)句子里一般不用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。如：Theearthturnsroundthesun.(地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn))/Lighttravelsfasterthansound.(光流傳比聲音快)③表示十分確立會(huì)發(fā)生(如安排好的事情)或依據(jù)時(shí)間表進(jìn)行的事情,用一般現(xiàn)在能夠表達(dá)未來(lái),句子中能夠有未來(lái)時(shí)間。如：ThetrainforHaikouleavesat8：00inthemorning.(開(kāi)往海口的列車(chē)上午8點(diǎn)開(kāi)車(chē))④在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中(以when,after,before,while,until,assoonas等指引)和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中(以if,unless指引),用一般此刻時(shí)取代一般未來(lái)時(shí),句子能夠有未來(lái)時(shí)間。如：PleaseringmeupassoonasyouarriveinGermany.(你一到德國(guó)就給我打)/Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillhavetostayathome.(假如明日下雨我們就只能呆在家)⑤一般此刻時(shí)用于倒裝句中能夠表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,動(dòng)詞以come,go為主。如：Herecomesthebus.(車(chē)來(lái)了)/Theregoesthebell.(鈴響了)。一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),這類(lèi)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)可能是一次性,也可能常常發(fā)生。①表示過(guò)去詳細(xì)時(shí)刻發(fā)生的一次性動(dòng)作時(shí),時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：at(eight)(yesterdaymorning),(tenminutes)ago,when指引的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。如：Igotupat6：00thismorning.(我是清晨六點(diǎn)鐘起床的)/文案大全適用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)LittleTombrokethewindowathalfpastninethismorning.(小湯姆今日清晨九點(diǎn)半把窗子打破了)/Whenhewentintotheroom,hesawastrangertalkingwithhisfather.(他走進(jìn)房間時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)陌生人正和他父親講話(huà))②表示過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)不知何時(shí)發(fā)生的一次性動(dòng)作時(shí),時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：yesterday,last(year等),in(1998等)。如：Hecametoourcityintheyear2000.(他2000年到達(dá)我們市)③表示過(guò)去一個(gè)階段中常常發(fā)生的事情時(shí),時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：last?,in?,from?to?,for(10years),often,usually,sometimes,always,never等。如：MrJacksonusuallywenttoeveningschoolswhenhewasyoung./Everydayhewenttotherichmanandborrowedbooksfromhim.④講故事、對(duì)過(guò)去經(jīng)歷的回想、兩方都理解的過(guò)去事件等一般用過(guò)去時(shí),并且常常省略時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。如：IhappenedtomeetRoseinthestreet.(我正幸虧街上碰到露西)一般未來(lái)時(shí)表示未來(lái)某一時(shí)刻或常常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。①一般未來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：tomorrow,this(afternoon),next(year),oneday,now,soon,someday,sometime,inthefuture,when指引的從句等。②用will組成的未來(lái)時(shí),表示動(dòng)作與人的主觀夢(mèng)想沒(méi)關(guān)?！皊hall〞用于第一人稱(chēng),“will〞用于全部人稱(chēng)。如：Iwillgraduatefromthisschoolsoon.(我很快就要從這所中學(xué)畢業(yè)了)/YouwillstayaloneafterIleave.(我走了以后你就要一個(gè)人過(guò)了)③“am/is/aregoingto+動(dòng)詞原形〞表示打算或準(zhǔn)備要做的事情,或許主觀判斷馬上要發(fā)生的事情,而“am/is/areto+動(dòng)詞原形〞表示安排或方案中的動(dòng)作。如：Amantoldthemthatthewomanwastogivebirthtothespecialbaby.(有一個(gè)人告訴他們那個(gè)婦女就會(huì)生下那個(gè)特其他男孩)/It’sgoingtorainsoon.(天快要下雨了)④表示一個(gè)人暫時(shí)決定要做某事,能夠用will表達(dá)。如：Iwillgotothelabtogetsomechemicals(化學(xué)藥劑).SopleasewaituntilIreturn.(我要到化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室去取些藥品,請(qǐng)等我回來(lái))⑤此刻進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般此刻時(shí)也能夠表示未來(lái)。(見(jiàn)相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài))⑥shall和will在口語(yǔ)的一些疑問(wèn)句中相當(dāng)于神態(tài)動(dòng)詞。Shall一般與第一人稱(chēng)連用,will與第二人稱(chēng)連用。如：Shallwegotothezoonext文案大全適用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Saturday?(我下周六去物園好？)/Willyoupleaseopenthedoorforme?(替我把打開(kāi)好？)⑦“beto+原形〞表示依據(jù)劃將要生的事情。如：Anangelcametotellherthatshewastohavethisspecialboy.內(nèi)行內(nèi)行表示在正內(nèi)行的作或是段正生而此刻不必定內(nèi)行的作。①內(nèi)行由“助be(amisare)+在分〞組成。②內(nèi)行的狀有：now,this?,these?等,但常不用。如：Whatareyoudoingupinthetree?(你在上干什么？)/Iamwritingalongnovelthesedays.(我近來(lái)在寫(xiě)一本篇小)③表示馬上生的作,一般指近期安排好的事情。常的有：come,go,stay,leave,spend,do等。如：I’mcomingnow.(我就來(lái))/Whatareyoudoingtomorrow?(你明日干什么？)/Heisleavingsoon.(他就要走了)去行去行表示去某一刻或某段正內(nèi)行的作。去行由“was(第一、三人稱(chēng)數(shù))或were(第二人稱(chēng)數(shù)和各人稱(chēng)的復(fù)數(shù))+在分〞組成。②去行的狀有：then,atthattime,thistimeyesterday,at(eight)yesterday(morning),(ayear)ago,以及由when引出的狀從句。如：Hewascookingsupperthistimeyesterday.(昨天個(gè)候他正在做晚)/ThelittlegirlwasplayingwithhertoywhenIsawher.(我看到小女孩的候她正在玩玩具)③用于從句或狀從句中,表示與主句作同行并且是延。句子中往常不用狀。如：Shesawithappenwhenshewaswalkingpast.(她路看到事情的)/Theysangalotofsongswhiletheywerewalkinginthedarkforest.(他在黑暗的叢林里走唱了好多歌)(6)在達(dá)成在達(dá)成表示一個(gè)生在去的、在仍有影響的作,或表文案大全適用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)示開(kāi)始在過(guò)去,并且向來(lái)持續(xù)到此刻,甚至還可能持續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作。①在達(dá)成時(shí)由“助動(dòng)詞have(has)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞〞組成。②表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去的對(duì)此刻仍有影響的動(dòng)作時(shí),時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：already,yet,just,once,twice,ever,never,threetimes,before等。如：Ihaveneverseensuchfinepicturesbefore.(我從前素來(lái)沒(méi)有看過(guò)這么好的畫(huà))/HehasjustgonetoEngland.(他剛?cè)ビ?guó))③表示在過(guò)去開(kāi)始向來(lái)持續(xù)到此刻(可能持續(xù)下去)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)時(shí),時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：for(twoyears),since1990,since(twoweeksago)和since指引的狀語(yǔ)從句。如：Ihavebeenawayfrommyhometownforthirtyyears.(我走開(kāi)家鄉(xiāng)有30年了)/UncleWanghasworkedinthefactorysinceitopened.(自從這家工廠開(kāi)張,王叔叔向來(lái)在那邊工作)④口語(yǔ)中havegot常常表示have(有)的意思。如：Theyhavegotthousandsofbooksintheirlibrary.(他們圖書(shū)室有上萬(wàn)本書(shū))⑤havebeento與havegoneto的差別：havegoneto(“已經(jīng)去了〞)表示人不在這里,havebeento(“去過(guò)〞)表示人在這里。如：--WhereisMrLi?–HehasgonetotheUK.(李先生在哪里？他去了英國(guó)。)/--DoyouknowsomethingaboutBeijing?–Yes,IhavebeentoBeijingthreetimes.(你知道北京的狀況嗎？是的,我去過(guò)那邊三次。)(7)過(guò)去達(dá)成時(shí)過(guò)去達(dá)成時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或某一動(dòng)作發(fā)生從前已經(jīng)達(dá)成的動(dòng)作。簡(jiǎn)言之,過(guò)去達(dá)成時(shí)所表示的時(shí)間是“過(guò)去的過(guò)去〞。①過(guò)去達(dá)成時(shí)由“助動(dòng)詞had+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞〞組成。②過(guò)去達(dá)成不時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：by(yesterday),bythen,bytheendof(last?)或許由when,before等引出狀語(yǔ)從句。有時(shí)句子中會(huì)有already,just,once,ever,never等詞語(yǔ),也會(huì)有for?或since?組成的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。如：Theyhadalreadyfinishedcleaningtheclassroomwhentheirteachercame.(當(dāng)老師來(lái)的時(shí)候他們已經(jīng)打掃完了教室)/Thewomanhadleftbeforeherealizedshewasacheat.(在他察覺(jué)那個(gè)婦女是個(gè)騙子時(shí)她已經(jīng)走掉了)③過(guò)去達(dá)成常常用于賓語(yǔ)從句中、after指引的從句中,或許從句是before指引的主句中。文案大全適用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)如：AfterIhadputonmyshoesandhat,Iwalkedintothedarkness.(我穿上鞋子戴上帽子走進(jìn)了黑暗之中)/Hesaidthathehadneverseenakangaroobefore.(他說(shuō)他從前素來(lái)沒(méi)有見(jiàn)過(guò)袋鼠)過(guò)去未來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去未來(lái)時(shí)表示在過(guò)去估計(jì)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。①過(guò)去未來(lái)時(shí)由“助動(dòng)詞should(第一人稱(chēng))或would(第二、三人稱(chēng))+動(dòng)詞原形〞組成。在美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中,過(guò)去未來(lái)時(shí)的助動(dòng)詞一律用“would+動(dòng)詞原形〞。②過(guò)去未來(lái)常常因?yàn)橘e語(yǔ)從句中,時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：later,soon,thenext(day).③在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中不可以夠使用過(guò)去未來(lái)時(shí),而應(yīng)當(dāng)使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。如：HepromisedthathewouldpaymealotifIhelpedhimwiththeproject.(他允許付給我很多錢(qián)假如我?guī)椭隳莻€(gè)工程)/Everytimewhenhewasfree,hewouldsitdownandreadsomebooks.(以前每次只需他有空他就會(huì)坐下來(lái)看看書(shū))④表示純粹的未來(lái)時(shí)用would或should,表示打算或主觀以為的事情用was/weregoingto(+動(dòng)詞原形)。如：Shetoldmeshewouldbe18thenextmonth.(她告訴我她下個(gè)月就18歲了)/Shetoldmethatshewasgoingtohaveawalkwithherpetdog.(她告訴我她打算帶她的寵物狗去漫步)⑤過(guò)去未來(lái)時(shí)還能夠表示一個(gè)過(guò)去常常性的動(dòng)作。如：Whenitrainedintheday,hewouldbringanumbrellawithhim.(白日下雨時(shí)他會(huì)隨身帶一把雨傘)此刻達(dá)成進(jìn)行時(shí)：此刻達(dá)成進(jìn)行時(shí)指一個(gè)從過(guò)去就開(kāi)始向來(lái)持續(xù)到此刻并由可能繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作,它擁有此刻達(dá)成時(shí)和此刻進(jìn)行時(shí)兩重特點(diǎn),構(gòu)造是：“have/has+been+動(dòng)詞的此刻分詞〞。如：Ihavebeenswimminginthecoldwaterforabouttwohours.(我已經(jīng)在冰涼的水里游了快要兩個(gè)小時(shí))/Howlonghaveyoubeenwaitinghere?(你在這里向來(lái)等了多久？)時(shí)態(tài)綜合練習(xí)〔一〕1.SalesofCDshavegreatlyincreasedsincetheearly1990s,whenpeople________toenjoytheadvantagesofthisnewtechnology.文案大全適用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)A.beginB.BeganC.havebegunD.hadbegunTurnonthetelevisionoropenamagazineandyou________advertisementsshowinghappyfamilies.A.willoftenseeB.oftenseeC.areoftenseeingD.haveoftenseen3.—IhearJanehasgonetotheHolyIslandforherholiday.—Oh,hownice!Doyouknowwhenshe________?A.wasleavingB.hadleftC.hasleftD.Left—WhatwereyoudoingwhenTonyphonedyou?—Ihadjustfinishedmyworkand________totakeashower.A.hadstartedB.StartedC.havestartedD.wasstarting5.I________younottomovemydictionary—nowIcan’tfindit.A.askedB.AskC.wasaskingD.hadasked—HasSamfinishedhishomeworktoday?—Ihavenoidea.He________itthismorning.A.didB.hasdoneC.wasdoingD.haddone7.—What’sthatterriblenoise?—Theneighbors________foraparty.A.havepreparedB.arepreparingC.prepareD.willprepare文案大全適用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)8.Nowthatsheisoutofajob,Lucy________goingbacktoschool,butshehasn’tdecidedyet.A.hadconsideredB.hasbeenconsideringC.consideredD.isgoingtoconsiderTheteacher,with6girlsand8boysofherclass,________visitingamuseumwhentheearthquakestruck.A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.wouldbe10.Thediscussion________alivewhenaninterestingtopicwasbroughtin.A.wascomingB.hadcomeC.hascomeD.came11.Becausetheshop________,alltheT-shirtsaresoldathalfprice.A.hascloseddownB.closeddownC.isclosingdownD.hadcloseddown12.Let’skeeptothepointorwe________anydecisions.A.willneverreachB.haveneverreachedC.neverreachD.neverreached13.Mymindwasn’tonwhathewassayingsoI’mafraidI________halfofit.A.wasmissingB.hadmissedC.willmissD.missed—YouwereoutwhenIdroppedinatyourhouse.—Oh,I________forafriendfromEnglandattheairport.A.waswaitingB.hadwaitedC.amwaitingD.haswaited文案大全適用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時(shí)態(tài)綜合練習(xí)〔二〕1.Shehassetanewrecord,thatis,thesalesofherlatestbook________50million.A.havereachedB.hasreachedC.arereachingD.hadreached2.Hekeptlookingather,wonderingwhetherhe________hersomewhere.A.sawB.hasseenC.seesD.hadseenThecrazyfans________patientlyfortwohoursandtheywouldwaittillthemoviestararrived.A.werewaitingB.hadbeenwaitingC.hadwaitedD.wouldwait4.She________herhairstyleinherhometownbeforeshecametoChongqingforabetterjob.A.wouldchangeB.haschangedC.changedD.waschanging5.Thefirstuseofatomicweaponswasin1945,andtheirpower________increasedenormouslyeversince.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.hadbeen6.—Youhaven’tsaidawordaboutmynewcoat,Brenda.Doyoulikeit?—I’msorryI________anythingaboutitsooner.Icertainlythinkit’sprettyonyou.A.wasn’tsayingB.don’tsayC.won’tsayD.