單項(xiàng)填空題高考題型專(zhuān)題復(fù)習(xí)命題特征命題手段解題技巧命題要點(diǎn)專(zhuān)題練習(xí)單項(xiàng)填空的命題特征知識(shí)覆蓋面廣語(yǔ)境地位突出交際性原則明確試題題干新穎迷惑性較大靈活性較高單項(xiàng)填空的命題要點(diǎn)連詞、代詞形容詞、副詞介詞搭配慣用短語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài)句子結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞1設(shè)置干擾2思維定勢(shì)3漢英差異4形近義近詞5創(chuàng)設(shè)語(yǔ)境命題常用手段一.設(shè)置干擾

命題者有意把句子結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜化,題干以倒裝句，被動(dòng)句，疑問(wèn)句，省略句，或在句中加入插入語(yǔ)、使用強(qiáng)調(diào)句、從句、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)等形式，避開(kāi)考生所熟悉的陳述句結(jié)構(gòu)，來(lái)增加試題難度。

1.Toallofyou_____thehonorforthesuccess．（倒裝句）

A．belongstoB．belongtoC．belongsD．belong

2.Timeshouldbemadegooduseof___ourlessonswell.（被動(dòng)句）A.learningB.learned

C.tolearnD.learnsCC分析：倒裝句，還原后為：Thehonorforthesuccess___allofyou.分析：將題干改寫(xiě)為主動(dòng)句，則為

Weshouldmakegooduseoftime____ourlessonwell.

3.——Whatmadehermothersoangry?

——____theexam.（省略）

A.BecauseshedidnotpassB.HernotpassingC.ShedidnotpassD.BecausehernotpassingB4.Isthismuseum____youvisited?（疑問(wèn)句）A.thatB.whatC.whichD./B分析；將題干改寫(xiě)為：____theexammadehermothersoangry.分析；將題干改寫(xiě)為：Thismuseumis___youvisited.將不熟悉的省略句、疑問(wèn)句、倒裝句、被動(dòng)句、等還原為熟悉的陳述句；也可將殘缺的部分補(bǔ)出或?qū)⒍嘤嗟牟糠謩h除。解題技巧（一）還原法

5.Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,____，ofcourse,madetheothersunhappy.(插入語(yǔ))A.whoB.whichC.thisD.whatB分析：Dorothywasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,____（ofcourse,）

madetheothersunhappy.A.whoB.whichC.thisD.what

6.Thepersonwespoketo___noansweratfirst.（定從）

A.makeB.making

C.makesD.made

D分析：Theperson（wespoketo）

_______noansweratfirst.7.Theofficergaveordersthatanyone__agunshouldbereportedtothepolicestation.AsawtakeB.seentakingC.seeingtakeD.seentakenB對(duì)于含有插入語(yǔ)或從句的復(fù)雜句子，如果不考查此部分，首先應(yīng)分析語(yǔ)境及句子結(jié)構(gòu)，找出并在省略插入語(yǔ)或去掉與選項(xiàng)不相關(guān)從句或短語(yǔ)的情況下，重新分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，復(fù)雜的句子結(jié)構(gòu)就簡(jiǎn)單了；如果考察此部分，也縮小了語(yǔ)境。解題技巧（二）省略法

8.Theyoungmothersawherbabyfalltotheground;_____broughtherhearttohermouth.（標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)）A.thisB.whichC.andthatD.thatD對(duì)于復(fù)雜長(zhǎng)句子，先劃分主、從句，理清主句結(jié)構(gòu)，確定試題考察哪部分，特別要注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的作用。解題技巧（三）結(jié)構(gòu)法二.思維定勢(shì)

利用思維定勢(shì)的影響來(lái)設(shè)題，這是最容易讓我們上當(dāng)?shù)念}。因?yàn)槲覀儽秤浟嗽S多語(yǔ)法規(guī)則，詞匯，詞的固定搭配和句子結(jié)構(gòu)等，做題時(shí)只注意這些熟悉的語(yǔ)法規(guī)則，結(jié)構(gòu)和局部固定搭配，往往在沒(méi)有完全弄清整個(gè)題干意思時(shí)就作出了選擇，結(jié)果當(dāng)然出錯(cuò)。

9.I’msorryIcan’thelp__theflooroftheclassroom.A.sweepingB.sweptC.tosweepD.tosweepingC10.MadameCurie，for_____lifehadoncebeenveryhard，wassuccessfullater．A.whom

B.which

C.whose

D.thatA11.Doyouhaveanyideaofthereason____hereferredto？A．thatB．whereC．whyD．whenA

正確理解句意，避免定勢(shì)思維。在學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中，尤其是復(fù)習(xí)階段，我們應(yīng)就一些常見(jiàn)的、重要的詞、詞組及句型加以反復(fù)訓(xùn)練，以加深印象，以避免思維定勢(shì)的干擾。解題技巧三.漢英差異英漢在表達(dá)習(xí)慣，思維方式等方面具有很多不同，命題者常利用漢英差異出題。如漢語(yǔ)的“參加”在許多情況下都適用，如參加會(huì)議，參加考試，參加解放軍等，而在英語(yǔ)中則因不同的賓語(yǔ)用不同的動(dòng)詞，如:takepartinthecelebration,attendameeting,jointhearmy,takeanexam,joinina

discussion例如：12.–It’sgettinglate.I'mafraidImustbegoingnow.-OK.______.（2004全國(guó)卷）Ａ．TakeiteasyB.GoslowlyC.StaylongerD.SeeyouDB13.ThepopulationofChinais_____thanthatofRussia.A.muchmoreB.muchlargerC.manymoreD.manylarger14.I’llcometoseeyouif______.A.you’reconvenientB.itisconvenientforyouC.youfeelconvenientD.itisconvenientwithyouB

留心英漢表達(dá)差異,平時(shí)要多讀﹑多比較﹑多歸納，盡量避免Chinglish。解題技巧四.形近義近詞

把相似、相近的詞語(yǔ)或結(jié)構(gòu)放在一起作為干擾選項(xiàng)，若我們基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)掌握不牢就難于區(qū)分。例如：15.－DoyouthinktheStarswillbeattheBulls?－Yes.Theyhavebetterplayers,soI＿＿themtowin.A.hopeB.preferC.expectD.wantC16.I’dliketobuyahouse—modern,comfortable,and____inaquietneighborhood.（2004福建）A．inall B．a(chǎn)boveall C．a(chǎn)fterall D．a(chǎn)tallB

1）明確詞意所選答案要符合句子意思；2）歸納比較平時(shí)要特別重視收集歸納比較同義詞、近義詞和相似詞的異同，牢記它們的用法。解題技巧五.創(chuàng)設(shè)語(yǔ)境

命題人在題干中不明確將語(yǔ)言時(shí)間或空間背景標(biāo)示出來(lái)，而是比較巧妙地隱含在句子中，稍不注意就會(huì)錯(cuò)選。例如：17.—Willyoupleaserepeatyouridea? —Certainly.ButIthinkitcertainyou____yourattention.A.don’tpay B.didn’tpay C.weren’tpaying D.aren’tpayingC18.—Whichofthoseelectronicdictionariesdoyoulikemost?—____.Theyarebothexpensiveandoflittleuse.A.None B.BothC.Neither D.AllA1）身臨其境，揣摩意圖特別是對(duì)付考查時(shí)態(tài)的試題更要將自己置身于所提供的背景之中，同時(shí)注意揣摩命題者的意圖

2）認(rèn)真分析題干里所隱藏的信息,把握上下文的時(shí)間隱含、語(yǔ)義信息等線索，還要注意文化差異。解題技巧自我檢測(cè)2.TheletterIhavebeenlookingforwardto______atlast.A.comeBcomingC.hascomeD.cameD3.Remindhim______thewindowwhenheleaves.A.ofclosing

B.closing

C.toclose

D.closeC1.LittleJimisgoingtospendhisholidayinParis,_____liveshisuncle.

A.whichB.whoC.whereD.thatC4.Whomwouldyourather_____withyou,JimorJack?A.havegoB.havetogoC.havegoneD.hastogoA5.Hissisterlefthomein1998,and____since.A.hadnotbeenheardofB.hasnotbeenheardofC.hadnotheardofD.hasnotheardofB6.–Bruce,Ireallyappreciateyourhandwriting.-______.（09福建）

A.IpracticeeverydayB.ThankyouverymuchC.No,Idon’tthinksoD.Well,it’snotgoodenoughB7.Ithink____,thoughIcould

bemistaken,helikedme.

A.whoB.whichC.thatD.what

C9.Itispartly____thesummerdayislongerthateverythinghasalargertimetowarmup.A.for

B.thatC.thereasonD.becauseD8.Wekeepintouch_____writingoften.

A.withB.ofC.onD.byD11.WhenItalkedwithmygrandmaonthephone,shesoundedweak,butbythetimewe___up,hervoicehadbeenfulloflife.（09北京）A.werehangingB.hadhungC.hungD.wouldhangC10.Ifanorthernerlivesinsouth,hewillprobablyfeelthat______.A.hedoesn’tagreetotheclimatethere.B.theclimatedoesn’tagreewithhim.C.hecan’tagreewiththeclimatethereD.theclimatedoesn’tagreetohim.B13.Thefacthasworriedmanyscientists_____theearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmertheseyears.（09江西）A.whatB.whichC.thatD.thoughC12.-Ihopeyouenjoyedthefilmlastnight.-HowonearthdoyouknowIwenttoafilm?I___you.A.won’ttellB.didn’ttellC.haven’ttoldD.hadn’ttoldB14.Itriedphoningheroffice,butIcouldn’t_______.A.getalongB.getonC.gettoD.getthroughD15.-Isthereanypossiblity___youcouldpickmeupattheairport?-Noproblem.A.whenB.thatC.whetherD.whatB16.Thelittlegirlwhogotlostdecidedtoremain____shewasandwaitformother.A.whereB.whatC.howD.who17.-Mum,isthepairofgloves____mine?-Yes.Youhavetowearanotherpair.A.washingB.havewashedC.havingwashedD.beingwashedAD18.I’mtryingtobreakthe____ofgettinguptoolate.A.traditionB.convenienceC.habitD.leisureC19.Thefactoryproducedmanyfamouscars,noneof____shippedtoforeigncountries.A.themB.whichC.itD.whatA20.ThehouseIgrowup____hasbeentakendownandreplacedbyanofficebuilding.A.initB.inC.inthatD.inwhichB21.Sometimesweareasked____thelikelyresultofanactionwilbe.A.thatwethinkBwhatdowethinkC.whatwethinkD.thatwhatwethinkC22.-Iwouldliketobuyanexpensivecamera.-Well,wehaveseveralmodels____.A.TochoosefromBtochooseCtobechosenDforchoiceD24.TheUs/UKwaragainstIraqandthesuffering___causedhavebecomeabigconcernallovertheworld.A.whatB.whichC.itD./C23.___acertaindoubtamongthepeopleastothepracticalvalueoftheproject.（09安徽）

A.IthasB.Theyhave

C.ItremainsD.ThereremainsD25.—He

____tothemeeting.Haveyouinformedhimofit?

—Sorry.I

____

to.

A.hasn’tcome;amgoing

B.didn’tcome;haveforgotten

C.hasn’tcome;forgot

D.doesn’tcome;willhave

C26.---Iwonderhowmuchyouchargeforyourservices.---Thefirsttwoarefree____thethirdcosts$30.A.whileB.untilC.whenD.beforeA27.ButforthehelpofmyEnglishteacher,I_____thefirstprizeintheEnglishWritingCompetition.（09福建）A.wouldnotwinB.wouldnothavewonC.wouldwin

D.wouldhavewonB28.Whilewatchingtelevision,___.A.thedoorbellrangB.thedoorbellringsC.weheardthedoorbellringD.weheardthedoorbellringsC29.Theyweren'taparticularlygoodteam,buttheyrefused

togiveinand_____defeat.A.acceptB.accepted

C.accepting

D.tohaveacceptedA

30.Hemadeuphismindtodevotehis

life_____pollution______happily.

A.toprevent,toliveB.toprevent,fromliving

C.topreventing,toliveD.topreventing,livingC31.---It’sthirtyyearssincewelastmet.

---ButIstillrememberthestory,believeitornot,

_____wegotlostona