PAGEPAGE27Unit2Healthyeating一、背單詞與詞塊(一)背閱讀單詞——會認就行(背誦時遮住右側(cè)漢語，先自主翻譯，后比對詞義)1．musclen． 肌肉；(食用)瘦肉2．cucumbern. 黃瓜3．eggplantn. 茄子4．peppern. 胡椒粉；辣椒5．mushroomn. 蘑菇6．peachn. 桃子7．lemonn. 檸檬8．barbecuevt.&n. 燒烤；烤肉9．muttonn. 羊肉10．roastadj. 烤制的vt.&vi. 烤；烘；烘烤11．baconn. 熏咸肉；臘肉12．sugaryadj. 含糖的；甜的13．poisonousadj. 有毒的14．carrotn. 胡蘿卜15．obesityn. 過度肥胖16．vitaminn. 維生素17．proteinn. 蛋白質(zhì)18．breastn. 胸部；乳房19．garlicn. 大蒜20．ingredientn. (烹調(diào)用的)材料；原料；成分21．flavourn. (食物的)味道與氣味；特性(二)背重點單詞——寫對才行1．dietn. 日常飲食vi. 節(jié)食2．fryvt.&vi. 油煎；油炸3．oughtv．a(chǎn)ux. 應(yīng)當(dāng)；應(yīng)該4．slimvi. 變細；減肥adj. 苗條的；纖細的5．hostessn. 女主人；女主持人6．lien. 謊話；謊言vi. 說謊7．customern. 顧客；消費者8．discountn. 折扣9．consultvt. 咨詢；請教；商量10．digestvi.&vt. 消化n. 摘要；概要11．debtn. 債；債務(wù)12．glarevi. 怒目而視；閃耀n. 怒視；炫目的光13．sighvi. 嘆息；嘆氣n. 嘆息；嘆息聲(三)背拓展單詞——用準(zhǔn)才行1．balancen．天平；平衡vt.平衡；權(quán)衡→balancedadj.均衡的2．curiousadj.好奇的→curiouslyadv.好奇地→curiosityn．好奇心3．weakadj.虛弱的→weaknessn．缺點；虛弱；弱點4．strongadj.強壯的；堅強的→strengthn．強項；長處；力量→strengthenvt.加強；鞏固5．limitvt.限制；限定n．界限；限度→limitedadj.有限的→limitationn．范圍；限制6．benefitn．利益；好處vt.&vi.有益于；有助于；受益→beneficialadj.有益的7．combinevt.&vi.(使)聯(lián)合；(使)結(jié)合→combinationn．結(jié)合；聯(lián)合8．cooperatev．合作；配合→cooperationn．合作；協(xié)作→cooperativeadj.合作的[語境活用]1．Wecan'talwayscombineworkwithpleasure,andthecombinationishardtoget.(combine)2．Davidhasastrongbody.Hehasthestrengthtodothishardwork.Wehadbetterstrengthentherelationshipwithhim.(strong)3．EveryoneknowsthebenefitoflearningEnglishandifyoulearnitwell,itwillbebeneficialtoyourfuturecareer.ItisreportedthatmanygraduateshavebenefitedfromhavingagoodcommandofEnglish.(benefit)4．Thenaturalresourceswehavearelimited.Thereforewehavenoreasontowastethepreciousresourceswithoutlimit/limitation.(limit)5．Childrenarealwayscuriousabouteverythingtheyseeandhear.Theyoftenaskallkindsofquestionscuriously.Tomeettheircuriosity,we'dbetteranswerthempatiently.(curious)(四)背高頻單詞——先“記牢”再“用活”，不背絕對不行1．liev．說謊；躺下；位于n.謊言；謊話背詞條用法(1)tellalie/lies(tosb.)(向某人)撒謊/說謊話awhitelie一個善意的謊言(2)lietosb.向某人撒謊liein位于；在于liedown躺下背寫作佳句①However,Ithinkdespiteitsnegativeeffects,sometimesitisessentialtotellliesinourdailylife.然而，我認為盡管有其消極影響，但有時在我們的日常生活中，說謊是不可避免的。②(2020·天津5月高考書面表達)ThereisnodoubtthattheadvantageoflearningEnglishonlineliesintherebeingmanyfreeresourcesrelatedtoEnglishontheInternet.毫無疑問，在線學(xué)習(xí)英語的優(yōu)勢就在于網(wǎng)絡(luò)上有許多與英語相關(guān)的免費資源。2．balancen．天平；平衡；賬戶余額vt.平衡；權(quán)衡背詞條用法(1)keep/lose/breakone'sbalance保持/失去/打破平衡(2)balanceAagainstB權(quán)衡/比較A與B(3)keepabalanceddiet保持飲食均衡背寫作佳句①Whenhewasrunningafterhisbrother,theboylosthisbalanceandhadabadfall.當(dāng)這個男孩追趕弟弟的時候，他失去了平衡，狠狠地摔了一跤。②(2018·北京高考書面表達)Youshouldbalanceyourstrengthsandweaknesseswhenapplyingforauniversity.當(dāng)你申請一所大學(xué)的時候，你應(yīng)該權(quán)衡你的優(yōu)缺點。3．dietn．日常飲食vi.節(jié)食背詞條用法abalanceddiet均衡的飲食beonadiet/goonadiet控制飲食putsb.onadiet使某人節(jié)食背寫作佳句①Don'talwayseatthesamekindoffood,becauseweshouldhaveabalancedhealthydiet.不要總是吃同一類食品，因為我們應(yīng)擁有均衡、健康的飲食。②Thedoctoradvisedhimtogoonadiettoloseweight.醫(yī)生建議他節(jié)食減肥。4．strengthn．[C]長處；強項；[U]力量；體力背詞條用法buildupone'sstrength/body強身健體strengthsandweaknesses優(yōu)點和缺點Thestrengthof...isthat...……的優(yōu)點是……背寫作佳句①(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ寫作)Fromthisactivity,wehaverealizedthatbuildingupourstrengthisofgreatimportance.從這次活動中，我們意識到強身健體是非常重要的。②Thestrengthofthebookisthatitisinterestingandinstructive.這本書的優(yōu)點是它既有趣又有教育意義。5．consultvt.&vi.請教；咨詢；商量；查閱背詞條用法consultsb.aboutsth.請教某人某事consultwithsb.與某人商量/協(xié)商/磋商consultadictionary查詞典背寫作佳句①(2020·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達)I'mwritingtoconsultyouabouthowtoadapttheclassicnovel.我寫信是想請教你如何改編這部經(jīng)典小說。②Whenmeetinganewword,youcanconsultyourclassmatesaboutitsmeaningbeforeconsultingadictionarytolookuptheword.當(dāng)遇到生詞時，你在查閱詞典查找這個詞之前可以先向同學(xué)們咨詢其含義。6．limitvt.限制；限定n.界限；限度背詞條用法(1)limit...to...把……限制在……內(nèi)(2)beyondthelimit超過限度setalimittosth.對……規(guī)定限度thereisa/nolimitto對……是有限的/無限的背寫作佳句①Thereisalimittoone'slife,butnolimittoservingthepeople.一個人的生命是有限的，但是為人民服務(wù)是無限的。②Thelengthofthearticleshouldbelimitedto400wordsorso.文章的長度應(yīng)限制在400詞左右。7．benefitn．好處；利益；優(yōu)勢vt.&vi.有益于；有助于；受益背詞條用法(1)benefitfrom/by...從……中受益；得益于……(2)forthebenefitof...為了……的利益eq\a\vs4\al(3,)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(bebeneficialto...,beofbenefitto...))對……有益；有益于(to為介詞)背寫作佳句①HavingagoodknowledgeoftablemannersofChinawillbenefityougreatly.②HavingagoodknowledgeoftablemannersofChinawillbeofgreatbenefittoyou.③HavingagoodknowledgeoftablemannersofChinawillbeverybeneficialtoyou.通曉中國的餐桌禮儀對你很有益。8．combinevt.&vi.(使)聯(lián)合；(使)結(jié)合背詞條用法(1)combine...with/and...把……與……結(jié)合起來combinetodosth.聯(lián)合起來做某事(2)incombination(with)(與……)聯(lián)合/結(jié)合背寫作佳句①Ifhecancombinehisabilitywith/andhardwork，heshouldbeverysuccessful.如果他能把自己的才能和勤奮結(jié)合起來，他應(yīng)該會非常成功的。②Thefirmisworkingonanewproductincombinationwithseveraloverseaspartners.這家公司正在聯(lián)合幾家海外合伙人制造新產(chǎn)品。(五)背短語詞塊——表達出彩，需多積詞塊才行eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)單元短語再認再現(xiàn)1．loseweight 體重減輕；減肥2．getawaywith 受到從輕發(fā)落；(做壞事)不受懲罰3．tellalie 說謊4．win...back 贏回；重新獲得5．earnone'sliving 謀生6．indebt 欠債7．spyon 暗中監(jiān)視；偵查8．cutdown 削減；刪節(jié)9．beforelong 不久以后10．putonweight 增加體重11．glareat 怒目而視12．beamazedat 對……感到驚訝13．forthebenefitof 為了……的利益14．keepfit 保持健康15．betiredof 對……厭倦eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)重點短語拓展用活1．getawaywith受到從輕發(fā)落；(做壞事)不受懲罰背相關(guān)短語getaway(from)(從……)脫身；擺脫(……)getalong/onwith與……相處；進展getdownto(doing)sth.開始認真地做/對待某事getover克服(困難)；從……中恢復(fù)過來getthrough完成；接通電話；通過getacross(tosb.)(向某人)解釋清楚；使(某人)了解背寫作佳句①OurEnglishteacherisverystrictwithus.Hewon'thaveusgettingawaywithcheatingintheexam.我們的英語老師嚴格要求我們。他絕不允許我們在考試中的作弊行為不受處罰。②Therearelotsofdifferentwaystogetyourmessageacrosswhenyouareputtingtogetheranadcampaign.當(dāng)你組織一場廣告宣傳活動時，有許多不同的方式可用來傳遞訊息。2．cutdown削減；刪節(jié)；減少；砍倒；降低；殺死；奪去……生命背相關(guān)短語cutin插話；(馬達或發(fā)動機)發(fā)動cutup切碎；切開cutoff切斷(供應(yīng))；中斷(電話通話等)cutaway切除；剪去cutacross抄近路；走捷徑背寫作佳句①Immediatemeasuresshouldbetaken,likestoppingcuttingdowntreestobettertheenvironment.應(yīng)當(dāng)馬上采取措施，像停止砍伐樹木來改善環(huán)境。②Wewerecutoffinthemiddleofourtelephoneconversationbecausemycellphonewasoutofpower.我們在電話里談到一半，電話就斷了，因為我的手機沒電了。二、背佳句與佳作(一)背寫作佳句——多“輸入”才能巧“輸出”eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)教材內(nèi)句式舉一反三1．“Nothingcouldbebetter，”hethought.(否定詞與比較級連用表示最高級含義)他想：“再沒有比這些更好吃的了。”佳句①Nothingismorevaluablethantime,butnothingislessvalued.沒有比時間更貴重的東西，但也沒有比時間更容易被忽視的東西。佳句②AsfarasI'mconcerned,nothingismoreenjoyablethanreading.就我個人而言，沒有什么比閱讀更讓人愉快的了。2．SomethingterriblemusthavehappenedifLiChangwasnotcomingtoeatinhisrestaurantashealwaysdid.(as引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句)要是李昌不像往常那樣到他的餐館里來吃飯，那問題一定嚴重了。佳句①Alwaysdototheothersasyouwouldbedoneby.你希望別人怎樣待你，你就要怎樣待人。佳句②IfallvisitorstotheFairyLakeParkdoasthecoupledid,thelakewillbeseverelypollutedandsoonturnedintoahugedustbin.如果所有來仙女湖公園的游客都像這對夫婦那樣做的話，這個湖將會被嚴重污染并很快成為一個巨大的垃圾場。3.HecouldnothaveYongHuigettingawaywithtellingpeoplelies！(can'thavesb.doingsth.“不允許某人做某事”)他可不能讓雍慧哄騙人們后跑掉！佳句①Ican'thaveyouspeakingtoyourmotherinarudemanner.Youmustapologizetoherimmediately.我不允許你用粗魯?shù)姆绞礁愕膵寢屨f話。你必須立刻向她道歉。佳句②Ourteacherscan'thaveuscarryingmobilephonestoschool.老師不允許我們把手機帶到學(xué)校來。4．“Accordingtomyresearch,neitheryourrestaurantnormineoffersabalanceddiet，”explainedWangPeng.(neither...nor...意為“既不……也不……”)王鵬解釋說：“根據(jù)我的調(diào)查，你的飯店和我的都沒有提供均衡的飲食?！奔丫洧貽urschoolliesinTianjinCity,whichisbeautiful.Inautumn,itisneithertoohotnortoocold.我們的學(xué)校位于美麗的天津市。在秋天它既不太熱也不太冷。佳句②NeithermywifenorImyselfamabletopersuademydaughtertochangehermind.我妻子和我本人都沒能說服女兒改變主意。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)同主題佳句熟讀成誦1．Weshouldfocusonabalanceddiet,whichensuresusthenecessarynutrition.我們應(yīng)該注意飲食均衡，這能保證我們所必需的營養(yǎng)。2．Notonlydoesexerciseimproveourhealthbutalsomakesuscheerfulandraisesourlearningefficiency.鍛煉不僅能改善我們的健康狀況，而且使我們精神愉悅并提高學(xué)習(xí)效率。3．AsfarasI'mconcerned,weshoulddevelopahealthyeatinghabittobuildupourstrength.Onlyinthiswaycanwehaveenoughenergytostudy.我認為，為了增強體質(zhì)，我們應(yīng)該養(yǎng)成健康的飲食習(xí)慣。只有這樣我們才能有足夠的精力學(xué)習(xí)。(二)背滿分作文——好習(xí)作就靠“仿效”和“背誦”本輯學(xué)點——建議信(一)[題目要求]假定你是李華，你的朋友Michael要作為交流生代表參加你校即將舉行的“中國傳統(tǒng)文化知識大賽”，約你陪他一起練習(xí)并征求備賽建議。請你就此給他回一封電子郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1．表示同意；2.備賽建議；3.約定見面的時間和地點。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。[背范文]DearMichael，I'mmorethandelightedtolearnthatyouaretoparticipateintheTraditionalChineseCultureCompetition.I'mwillingtogiveyouahandandoffersomepracticalsuggestionsatyourrequest.Tobeginwith,itisnecessaryforyoutoconsultsomebooksconcerningthetraditionalChineseculture,thusbroadeningyourhorizonsandwellequippingyouforthecomingcompetition.Secondly,whynotwatchsomevideoclips?Youareboundtogetsomeinspirationfromthemaswell.Asforwhenandwheretomeet,canwemakeitat4：00thisFridayafternooninourclassroom?Ifit'snotconvenientforyou,pleaseletmeknowwhattimeissuitableforyouinadvance.Lookingforwardtohearingfromyou.Yours，LiHua[學(xué)亮點]1．學(xué)謀篇布局2．學(xué)亮麗開頭開頭首先用I'mmorethandelightedtolearnthat...表明寫信的背景。然后，用I'mwillingtogiveyouahand...表示愿意提供建議，從而表明了寫作意圖。表達非常簡潔、自然。3．學(xué)高級表達(1)使用高級詞匯和語塊，如：participatein,bewillingto,atone'srequest,consult,concerning,broadenone'shorizons,equipsb.for,beboundto,asfor,makeit等。(2)準(zhǔn)確運用高級句式，如：it作形式主語itisnecessaryforyouto...；現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語broadeningyourhorizons...；“疑問詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)whenandwheretomeet；條件狀語從句Ifit'snotconvenientforyou...等，都為文章增添了亮點，提升了文章的檔次。4．學(xué)精彩結(jié)尾結(jié)尾先用．..canwemakeit...？疑問句委婉地征求對方的意見。然后又用條件狀語從句Ifit'snotconvenientforyou...來約定時間和地點，態(tài)度禮貌且誠懇。最后用Lookingforwardtohearingfromyou.表達了對回信的期待。5．學(xué)過渡銜接銜接詞tobeginwith,thus,secondly等和過渡句I'mwillingtogiveyouahandandoffersomepracticalsuggestionsatyourrequest.的恰當(dāng)運用，使得文章結(jié)構(gòu)嚴謹，層層遞進，讀起來朗朗上口。6．防微點失分考生容易把“I'mwillingtogiveyouahandandoffersomepracticalsuggestionsatyourrequest.”中的suggestions誤用成suggestion，或把“Ifit'snotconvenientforyou...”錯誤地表達為Ifyouarenotconvenient...，從而導(dǎo)致失分。學(xué)案(一)重點單詞的查漏補缺——打牢必備知識[全面練——練清易錯微點]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Wefoundapotatoandroasted(烘烤)itontheopenfire.2．Hedidn'tshoutorswear,butjustglared(怒視)silentlyatme.3．Inordertobemorecharmingandslimmer(苗條),girlstendtogoonadiet.4．Regularexercisecombinedwithbalanceddiets(日常飲食)isthehealthyrecipeforlife.5．Manypeopleexperiencedifficultyinpayingofftheirdebts(債務(wù))．6．Withhigh-qualityfoodandlowprices,therestaurantreceiveshundredsofcustomers(顧客)everyday.7．Notknowinghowtomakeaproperchoiceaboutthatthing,Tomdecidedtoconsult(咨詢)MrBlack.8．Forthesakeofyourhealth,you'dbetternoteatfoodwhichishardtodigest(消化)beforesleeping.Ⅱ.根據(jù)語境寫出加黑部分的漢語意思1．(2020·江蘇高考)Manyofthesegenesproduceproteinsthatcanimprovebloodsugarregulationandinsulin(胰島素)levelsthroughoutthebodyandsoareassociatedwithimprovedmetabolichealth. 蛋白質(zhì)2．Thecountryimportsrawmaterialsandenergyandexportsmainlyindustrialproducts. 未加工的3．(熟詞生義)Theskywasclearandlitbytheglareofthemoon. 刺眼的光4．(熟詞生義)Inhisopinion，readingdoesn'tjustmeanrecognizingeachwordonthepage;itmeanstakingintheinformation,digestingitandincorporatingitintooneselfjustasonedigestsasandwichandmakesitapartofhimself.第一個digest意為：理解；領(lǐng)悟；第二個digest意為： 消化5．(熟詞生義)Itissaidthatthemuseumisfullofhistoricalcuriosities. 珍品6．(熟詞生義)Thereisaslimchancethathewillgetawayfromhisworkfortheholiday. 微小的Ⅲ.單句語法填空1．Eatingtoomuchfried(fry)foodisharmfultoourhealth.2.Theyjuststoodthereglaring(glare)ateachotherandsayingnothing.3．Alotofpoisonous(poison)wastefromthechemicalworkspollutedtheriver.4.Maryhasbeenonadietforweeksbutstillhasn'tlostanyweight.5.WhynotconsultwithFrank?Yousee,twoheadsarebetterthanone.6．Igaveintocuriosity(curious)andopenedtheletteraddressedtohim.7．Theclothesinthisshopwillbesoldatadiscountforseasonreasons.8．Weshouldovercomeourweaknesses(weak)andfearswithcourageanddetermination.Ⅳ.補全句子1．如果你對自己的健康有任何疑問，最好立刻咨詢你的醫(yī)生。(consult)Ifyouhaveanydoubtsaboutyourhealth,you'dbetterconsultyourdoctoratonce.2．我節(jié)食三個月，減了5公斤。(diet)I'vebeendietingforthreemonthsandI'velost5kilograms.3．年輕女士以犧牲健康為代價保持苗條是不好的。(slim)Itisnotgoodforyoungladiestokeepslimatthecostoftheirhealth.4．出于好奇，他把這塊表拆開了。(curiosity)Outofcuriosity,hetooktheclockapart.5．他們?nèi)绻莾牲c出發(fā)的，現(xiàn)在該到那兒了。(ought)Iftheyhadstartedattwoo'clock,theyoughttohavegottherebynow.名師點撥“一站清”(1)句中g(shù)laringat...是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨狀語。(2)beonadiet/goonadiet控制飲食(3)consultwithsb.與某人商量/協(xié)商/磋商[重點練——深化高頻考點]1．balance[明其義]vt.平衡；權(quán)衡n．天平；平衡；賬戶余額[通其用](1)單句語法填空/猜測加黑詞的含義①Beforemakingthefinaldecision,you'dbetterbalancetheadvantagesagainstthedisadvantages.②Keepingabalanced(balance)dietisofgreatimportance,especiallyforteenswhoaregrowingup.③ImustcheckmybankbalancebeforeIdecidetobuythecar.賬戶余額(2)補全句子④Itisveryimportanttokeepabalancebetweenstudyandasociallife,soyou'dbetterjointheteam.學(xué)習(xí)與社交生活保持平衡很重要，因此你最好參加這個隊。2．lie[明其義]v．說謊；躺下；位于n．謊言；謊話[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Mymotherwon'thavemelying(lie)tohernomatterwhathappens.②Thesurvivorslay(lie)onthebeach,exhaustedandshocked.③Themomentthebellrang,helaid(lay)thebookandrushedoutoftheclassroom.(2)補全句子④Shetoldmethathappinessliesinhelpingothers.她告訴我快樂在于幫助他人。⑤Don'tlietome.Pleasetellmethetruth.→Don'ttelllies/alietome.Pleasetellmethetruth.不要對我撒謊。請告訴我真相。[解其困]單詞詞性詞義過去式過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞lievi.說謊liedliedlyinglievi.躺下；位于laylainlyinglayvt.放置；下蛋l(fā)aidlaidlaying3.strength[明其義]n．[C]長處；強項；[U]力量；體力[通其用](1)單句語法填空①SummermakesmefullofenergyandIfeelIhavethestrengthtodo(do)themostdifficultthingsinmylife.②Asagoodteacher，youshouldknowyourstudents'strengths(strength)andweaknesses.③Byparticipatinginsuchactivities,weimprovedourskillsandstrengthened(strength)oursenseofcooperation.(2)翻譯句子④為了強身健體，我們經(jīng)常組織各種各樣的活動，例如：打籃球、乒乓球等。Tobuildupourstrength,weoftenholdallkindsofactivities,suchasplayingbasketballandtabletennis.[解其困]表示“優(yōu)點和缺點”時，strength,weakness常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。4．limit[明其義]vt.限制；限定n．界限；限度[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Setalimittothenumberoftasksyoutakeoneachdayandsticktoit.②Misjudgmentsontheinfluencesofnewtechnologycanleadtoawasteoflimited(limit)resources.(2)一句多譯他的英語水平非常有限，以至于不能理解以英語為母語的人說的話。③HisEnglishissolimitedthathecan'tunderstandwhatthenativespeakerssay.④SolimitedishisEnglishthathecan'tunderstandwhatthenativespeakerssay.(倒裝句)[解其困]limit的搭配中to均為介詞，后跟名詞或v.-ing形式作賓語。5．benefit[明其義]n．好處；利益；優(yōu)勢vt.&vi.有益于；有助于；受益[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Alargenumberofstudentswillbenefitfrom/bythenewteachingmethod.②Itwasforthebenefitofyourcompanythatwedidthat.③Althoughasuddenchangecanbeabadthing,itmightoftenbebeneficial(benefit)inthelongrun.(2)一句多譯你們來我們學(xué)校參加交流項目已經(jīng)兩周了，這讓我們所有人都受益。④Ithasbeentwoweekssinceyoucametoourschoolfortheexchangeprogram,whichhasbenefitedallofus.(benefitvt.)⑤Ithasbeentwoweekssinceyoucametoourschoolfortheexchangeprogram,whichhasbeenofbenefittoallofus.(benefitn．)⑥Ithasbeentwoweekssinceyoucametoourschoolfortheexchangeprogram,whichhasbeenbeneficialtoallofus.(beneficial)6．combine[明其義]vt.&vi.(使)聯(lián)合；(使)結(jié)合[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Inourdailylife,weshouldtrytocombineexercisewithabalanceddiet.②Onlywhenourtheoryiscombined(combine)withpracticecantheformerbecomereliableknowledge.③Theclubissupportedbyacombination(combine)ofpeoplefromallsocialclasses.(2)補全句子④Weconsideritnecessarytocombinetheorywithpractice.我們認為理論聯(lián)系實際是必要的。[解其困]表示“把……與……相連接”的短語還有：connect...with/to...;associate...with...;link...with/to...;relate...to...等。學(xué)案(二)詞塊、句式的活學(xué)活用——強化關(guān)鍵能力[詞塊的驗收盤點]Ⅰ.詞塊點點練——選詞填空indebt，cutdown，spyon，getawaywith，earnone'sliving，putonweight，winback，betiredof1．Hisparentsdiedwhenhewas17,sohehadtoearnhislivingonhisown.2．Thegovernmentwillworkhardtowinbacktheconfidenceofthepeople.3．Themanoughttobefired.Youshouldn'tlethimgetawaywithstealingfromtheshop.4.Startingyourownbusinesscouldbeawaytoachievingfinancialindependence.Ontheotherhand,itcouldjustputyouindebt.5．ThedoctortoldBobhisheartwasinpoorconditionandthathemustcutdownonalcoholandsmoking.6．Thenewcomerfeelshisneighboursarealwayslookingoutoftheirwindows,spyingonhim.7.Youeatthefoodcontainingtoomuchsugarandfat,whichmakesyouputonweighteasily.8.Allthosepresentweretiredofhislonganddullspeechandsomeevenleftthemeetingroom.名師點撥“一站清”(1)indebt此處意為“欠債”。(2)putonweight“增加體重”；loseweight“減肥”。(3)betiredof“對……厭倦”；betiredfrom/with...“因……而疲倦”。Ⅱ.易錯對對碰——辨析比較1．consultVSlookup比較①Whenyoumeetwithanynewwords,you'dbetterlookuptheminthedictionary.②Iconsultedthetelephonebookforhisnumberjustnow.辨清兩者均有“查閱”之意：(1)consult相當(dāng)于referto或turnto，后面接查詢的工具。(2)lookup后面接需查詢的問題或內(nèi)容。2．longbeforeVSbeforelong比較①Thefaceofthetownwillbecompletelychangedbeforelong.②LongbeforeIeverwentthere,Africawasaliveinmyimagination.辨清(1)beforelong的意思是“不久，很快”。(2)longbefore兩個用法：①老早，早就(單獨使用，表示比過去某時早得多的時間)；②很久以前。Ⅲ.多義比比看——一詞多義(寫出下列各句中cutdown的含義)①Everyoneofuscanmakeagreatefforttocutdowntheuseofenergyinourcountry. 減少；削減②Theycutdownsometreestoknockdownthefireandpreventitfromspreadingfurther. 砍倒③Hunger,coldandillnesshavecutdownmanyofthevillagers. 殺死；奪去……的生命[句式的驗收盤點](一)否定詞與比較級連用表示最高級含義[通其用]1．補全句子①Youcanneverbetoocarefulwhilecrossingthestreet.過馬路時，你越小心越好。②Inconclusion,weshouldbeawarethatnothingismorevaluablethanhealth.總之，我們應(yīng)該意識到?jīng)]有什么比健康更有價值。③Whentalkingwiththeelderly，youcan'tbetoopolite/politeenough.當(dāng)和老人談話時，你再有禮貌也不為過。2．一句多譯就我個人而言，在我們的日常生活中身體健康最重要。④Inmyview,healthisthemostimportantthinginourdailylife.⑤Frommypointofview,nothingismoreimportantthanhealthinourdailylife.(否定詞＋比較級)[解其困](1)否定詞＋比較級“沒有比……更……的了；沒有像……一樣……的了”，常用的否定詞有no,not,never,nothing,nobody,hardly等。(2)can/could＋never/not＋be/動詞＋eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(形容詞/副詞＋enough,too＋形容詞/副詞))越……越好/再……也不為過(二)can'thavesb.doingsth.“不允許某人做某事”[通其用]1．根據(jù)提示完成小片段①Yesterday,Jackhadhishaircut.However,whenhereturnedhome,hefoundhehadhisdocumentstolen.Hewasveryworriedbecausehisbosswouldhavehimworkonweekendsifhelostit.昨天，杰克去理發(fā)了。但是，當(dāng)他回到家時，他發(fā)現(xiàn)他的文件被偷了。他非常擔(dān)心，因為如果他丟失了這份文件，他的老板會讓他周末加班的。2．翻譯句子②讓機器不停地運轉(zhuǎn)不是個好主意。Itisnotagoodideatohavethemachinerunningallthetime.③對不起，但我有個重要的會議要參加。Sorry,butIhaveanimportantmeetingtoattend.[解其困](1)havesb.doingsth.常用于否定句中，意為“允許某人做某事”；用于肯定句中，意為“讓某人一直做某事”時，強調(diào)動作的持續(xù)性。(2)havesb.dosth.讓某人做某事(3)havesth.done讓/叫別人做某事；遭遇某種(不幸的)事情；使某事完成(主語參與)(4)havesth.todo有事情要做(不定式作定語)學(xué)案(三)高考語篇的價值發(fā)掘——提升學(xué)科素養(yǎng)2020新高考全國卷Ⅰ·閱讀理解D篇——對接課標(biāo)主題：健康的生活方式、積極的生活態(tài)度(一)精讀真題——拓展語言能力(語篇中黑體詞匯為主題詞匯，請注意積累并揣摩其用法)[1]AccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournalofConsumerResearch,boththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions(份),it'sthebeanpoles①withbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.[2]Totesttheeffectofsocialinfluenceoneatinghabits,theresearchersconductedtwoexperiments.Inthefirst,95undergraduatewomenwereindividuallyinvitedintoalabtoostensibly(表面上)participateinastudyaboutmovieviewership.Beforethefilmbegan,eachwomanwasaskedtohelpherselfto②asnack.Anactorhiredbytheresearchersgrabbedherfoodfirst.Inhernaturalstate,theactorweighed105pounds.Butinhalfthecasessheworeaspeciallydesignedfatsuitwhichincreasedherweightto180pounds.[3]Boththefatandthinversionsoftheactortookalargeamountoffood.Theparticipantsfollowedsuit,takingmorefoodthantheynormallywouldhave.However,theytooksignificantlymorewhentheactorwasthin.[4]Forthesecondtest,inonecasethethinactortooktwopiecesofcandyfromthesnackbowls.Intheothercase,shetook30pieces.Theresultsweresimilartothefirsttest:theparticipantsfollowedsuitbuttooksignificantlymorecandywhenthethinactortook30pieces.[5]Thetestsshowthatthesocialenvironmentisextremelyinfluentialwhenwe'remakingdecisions.Ifthisfellowparticipantisgoingtoeatmore,sowillI.Callitthe“I'llhavewhatshe'shaving”effect.However,we'lladjusttheinfluence.Ifanoverweight③personishavingalargeportion,I'llholdbackabitbecauseIseetheresultsofhiseatinghabits.Butifathinpersoneatsalot,I'llfollowsuit.Ifhecaneatmuchandkeepslim,whycan'tI？,①微技法——通過上下文推測短語或單詞意義：此處通過畫線詞上一句的“Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeople...”可知，“beanpoles”所在句與其前一句中的研究結(jié)論是相反的，由此可推知“beanpoles”的含義。②微積累——help短語大集錦：helponeselfto 自行取用；隨便吃helpsb.do/todo 幫助某人做某事can'thelpdoing 忍不住做某事can'thelpbutdosth. 只好做某事③構(gòu)詞法——前綴over-表示“在……上，超出”overweightadj. 超重的overworkn. 過度勞累overactv. 做得過火overlookvt. 俯視，眺望overcomevt. 戰(zhàn)勝overproductionn. 生產(chǎn)過量[理脈絡(luò)——內(nèi)化讀文規(guī)律](二)解析真題——感悟素養(yǎng)立意[考什么·怎么考——真題再做]12．Whatistherecentstudymainlyabout?A．Foodsafety. B．Movieviewership.C．Consumerdemand. D．Eatingbehavior.解析：選D主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第一句可知，《消費者研究雜志》最近的一項研究表明，我們的飲食同伴的體型和飲食習(xí)慣都會影響我們的食物攝入量，而且要避免同食量大的瘦人一起進食。由此可知這項研究是關(guān)于飲食行為的，故D項正確。13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“beanpoles”inparagraph1referto?A．Bigeaters. B．Overweightpersons.C．Pickyeaters. D．Tallthinpersons.解析：選D詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段中的畫線詞所在句可知，研究表明，與現(xiàn)存的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)(應(yīng)該避免和食量大的胖人一起吃飯)相反，你真正需要避開的是胃口大的又高又瘦的人。根據(jù)“contraryto”可知，畫線詞與heavierpeople含義相反，故D項正確。14．Whydidtheresearchershiretheactor?A．Toseehowshewouldaffecttheparticipants.B．Totestiftheparticipantscouldrecognizeher.C．Tofindoutwhatshewoulddointhetwotests.D．Tostudywhyshecouldkeepherweightdown.解析：選A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Totesttheeffectofsocialinfluenceoneatinghabits,theresearchersconductedtwoexperiments.”可知，為了驗證社交對飲食習(xí)慣的影響，研究人員進行了兩個實驗；再結(jié)合下文介紹的兩個實驗可知，雇用演員參加實驗旨在查看演員對參與實驗的人的飲食習(xí)慣的影響，故A項正確。15．Onwhatbasisdowe“adjusttheinfluence”accordingtothelastparagraph?A．Howhungryweare.B．Howslimwewanttobe.C．Howweperceiveothers.D．Howwefeelaboutthefood.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Ifthisfellowparticipantisgoingtoeatmore,sowillI...becauseIseetheresultsofhiseatinghabits.”可知，如果這個同伴打算吃得更多，“我”也會吃得更多。但是，我們要調(diào)整這種影響。如果一個超重的人吃了很多，我會稍微保留一點，因為我看到了他飲食習(xí)慣的結(jié)果。據(jù)此可以推知，我們對自己飲食的調(diào)整是以分析他人的飲食習(xí)慣和結(jié)果(即如何看待他人)為基礎(chǔ)的，故C項正確。[為什么考·有何價值——導(dǎo)向解讀]一、發(fā)展思維品質(zhì)文中第12題主要考查學(xué)生的概括性思維。通讀全文可知，文章第一段為全文的主題段，即《消費者研究雜志》最近的一項研究表明，我們的飲食同伴的體型和飲食習(xí)慣都會影響我們的食物攝入量，而且要避免同食量大的瘦人一起進食。根據(jù)上述分析，故可得知這項最新研究主要是關(guān)于飲食行為的。二、聚焦核心價值本文是一篇說明文，介紹了一項關(guān)于就餐同伴會影響人們食物攝取量的研究，結(jié)果表明“我跟著她吃”的影響的確存在，但人們也會根據(jù)自身對他人的看法有所調(diào)整。文章旨在引導(dǎo)學(xué)生養(yǎng)成合理的飲食習(xí)慣和健康的生活方式。通過對文章內(nèi)容的分析和評判，深入思考飲食習(xí)慣與健康生活方式之間的聯(lián)系，從而形成正確的飲食觀和生活觀。(三)借力真題——發(fā)掘?qū)W習(xí)能力Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Gasandoilconsumption(consume)alwaysincreaseincoldweather.2．I'mwritingtoinviteyoutoparticipateinthespeechcontesttobeheldinourschool.3．Sheisoneofthemostinfluential(influence)figuresinthelocalpolitics.4．Thetwinsweredresseddifferentlyandonewasthinner(thin)thantheother.5．Shehadformedthehabitofgoingtobedandgettingupearly.Ⅱ.補全句子1．InChina,itisusualtohelpyourselfto(自行取用)thefoodplacedatthecenterofthetable.2．Alargeamountof(大量的)foodandfreshwateriswastedintheworldeveryyear.3．Inordertokeepslim(保持苗條),somanyyounggirlsalwaysskipmeals.Ⅲ.分析長難句Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions(份),it'sthebeanpoleswithbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.[句式解構(gòu)]本句是一個含有多個從句的主從復(fù)合句。其中and承接上文，contraryto為形容詞短語作狀語；that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞research；says后是省略了引導(dǎo)詞that的賓語從句，賓語從句中又包含一個who引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞heavierpeople。[句意翻譯]而且現(xiàn)有的研究表明，你應(yīng)該避免與食量大的較肥胖的人一起吃飯，(這項研究的成果)相反的是，你真正需要避免的是與食量大的又高又瘦的人(一起吃飯)。Ⅳ.主題語境寫作假定你是李華，是一家英文雜志社的心理咨詢師。某中學(xué)生小王給你寫了一封信，她提到自己偏胖，想節(jié)食減肥。請你給她寫一封信，談?wù)勀愕挠^點。內(nèi)容包括：1．健康比漂亮更重要；2．學(xué)生以學(xué)習(xí)為主，不要過于注重外貌(appearance)和別人的看法；3．可通過多鍛煉身體保持健康，要改變不良的飲食習(xí)慣；4．健康的心態(tài)也很重要。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考范文：DearXiaowang，Ihavereadyourletter,inwhichyoumentionedthatyouwanttoloseweightbydieting.Itisnaturalthatyounggirlsatyouragehopetolookbeautiful.However,healthismoreimportantthanbeauty.Asastudent,studyisthefirstthingtoconsider.Sodonotletothers'opinionsaffectyournormallife.Ifyoudowanttoloseweight,it'sagoodideatodoitbygettingmoreexerciseandchangingunhealthyeatinghabits.Themostimportantthingisthatyoukeepahealthystateofmind,asitwillhelpyouwithyourstudies.Idohopemyadvicewillbehelpfultoyou.Yours,LiHua課下主題訓(xùn)練健康的生活方式、積極的生活態(tài)度一、主題語基拓展練(一)主題詞匯盤查(已會詞匯，在□內(nèi)打“√”；欠熟練詞匯，多翻閱識記)①cafeteria □ ②swallow □③chew □ ④nutrition □⑤appetite □ ⑥acid □⑦delicious □ ⑧tasty □⑨cuisine □ ⑩bitter □?salty □ ?sour □?balance □ ?diet □?abundant □ ?health □?energy □ ?recipe □?buffet □ ?snack □(二)主題詞匯訓(xùn)練Ⅰ.寫出下列各句中加黑詞的漢語意思1．Someofthediseasesofmiddleagemaybepreventedbyimprovingnutrition. 營養(yǎng)2．Thehotelrestaurantisnotedforitsexcellentcuisine. 菜肴3．Shewouldimproveherdietifsheatelessfriedfoodandsnackedless. 零食；小吃4．Eataccordingtoyourappetiteandkeepaneyeonyourweightgain. 胃口5．Milkmustbekeptinacoolplace,orelseitwillgosoureasily. 變酸6．Youareaskedtoswallowacapsulecontainingvitamin. 吞下7．ThismorningIwenttoarestaurantfamousforitsbrunchbuffet. 自助餐8．Ilovethisbread.Howdidyoumakeit?Canyougivemetherecipe？ 食譜Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．I'dlikesomepopcorn.Isitsweetorsalty(salt)?2．Youareright.Goodsleepcankeepyoufullofenergy(energetic)．3．Noonecandenythefactthatexercisingregularlyandkeepingabalanced(balance)dietbenefitourhealthgreatly.4．Tokeephealthy(health),makeitaruletojogeveryday.5．Haveyoubeenonadiet?You'velostalotofweight.6．Itisknowntousth