地下非均勻－非飽和帶中開(kāi)挖洞室的滲流數(shù)值模擬

－以美國(guó)核廢物處置場(chǎng)滲流評(píng)價(jià)為例地下水?dāng)?shù)值模擬的現(xiàn)狀對(duì)比美國(guó)：社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境穩(wěn)定期

主要以水資源的管理與開(kāi)發(fā)調(diào)等。局部污染的治理為目標(biāo)。例如：濕地的恢復(fù)，加油站污染的清理，以及廢物處置場(chǎng)址評(píng)價(jià)等?？碧讲季郑嘿Y本經(jīng)濟(jì)控制主要的商業(yè)軟件：MODFLOW，TOUGH2，MT3D，F(xiàn)EFLOW各單位自主開(kāi)發(fā)的專項(xiàng)軟件模式：（老問(wèn)題＋老模擬手段） 新問(wèn)題＋新模擬手段國(guó)內(nèi)：經(jīng)濟(jì)大發(fā)展、社會(huì)快速城市化及生態(tài)環(huán)境大變化？？？勘探布局：？？？？模式：老問(wèn)題＋新模擬手段地下水模型面臨的主要問(wèn)題:介質(zhì)非均質(zhì)地下水中的污染物運(yùn)用移是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的地質(zhì)過(guò)程，也就是說(shuō)我們不能夠直接觀察到地下水在哪兒流，水中的污染物以多快的速度運(yùn)移，以及污染物濃度的變化。而實(shí)際上，人們?cè)陂_(kāi)開(kāi)始的時(shí)候僅僅知道可能的污染源(例如垃圾場(chǎng)，工業(yè)廢水排放點(diǎn)，農(nóng)藥或化肥的面上污染等等)和在井水，泉水或觀測(cè)井中檢測(cè)出的污染物。地下水模型面臨的主要問(wèn)題:實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)的代表性水文地質(zhì)參數(shù)的尺度效應(yīng)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)結(jié)果的客觀解釋數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果的可靠性

數(shù)值模型預(yù)測(cè)的可操作性探索、途徑。。。長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，人們只能根據(jù)有限的地質(zhì)和水文地質(zhì)勘探資料來(lái)分析和研究含水層，并發(fā)現(xiàn)通過(guò)不同的鉆孔或抽水試驗(yàn)得到不同的參數(shù)，即含水介質(zhì)的參數(shù)具有不確定性。隨著地下水流動(dòng)與溶質(zhì)運(yùn)移模型的不斷發(fā)展，人們對(duì)含水介質(zhì)參數(shù)的不確定性問(wèn)題日益重視，并一直在尋求各種能夠更合理描述含水介質(zhì)參數(shù)分布的理論與方法。模擬結(jié)果的可信度概念模型不正確＋模型手段不合適→結(jié)果沒(méi)法信概念模型正確＋模型手段不合適→結(jié)果不可信概念模型不正確＋模型手段合適→結(jié)果不可信概念模型正確＋模型手段合適→結(jié)果可信概念模型基本正確＋模型手段較合適→結(jié)果基本可信ModelingandAnalysisofSeepageintoDriftsinYuccaMountainProposedNuclearWasteRepositorySiteatYuccaMountain,NVGuominLiEarthSciencesDivisionLawrenceBerkeleyNationalLaboratoryYuccaMountainSite-ScaleGeology:--AnimportantissueforthelongtermperformanceoftheproposednuclearwasterepositoryatYuccaMountain:CorrosionratesofwastepackagesWastemobilizationratesTransportratesofradionuclidesleavingthedriftSeepageofWaterintoaDriftFieldInvestigationandTestsFieldsurveyandtestsprovidedalotofinformationaboutgeologicbackgroundandhydraulicparameters:DetailedlinesurveyoffracturesalongtheExploratoryStudiesFacility(ESF)maindriftSingleHeaterTest(SHT)DriftScaleNicheSeepageTestsExploratoryStudiesFacility(ESF):8kmlong,8mdiametertunnelwithnichesandalcovesfortesting;EnhancedCharacterizationRepositoryBlock(ECRB)crossdrift:2.7kmlong,5mdiameter.

ResearchFacilitiesatYuccaMountain,NVDetailedLineSurveyofFracturesAlongtheESFMainDriftDetailedLineSurveyofFracturesalongtheESFPresenceoflongfracturesamongmanyshortfracturesSuggestamediumwithadensenetworkofshortfractures(approximately1-4m)(Sonnenthaletal,1997)Thespacingisconsistentlylessthanfracturelengthsforallthefracturegroupings(LiandTsang,2000)SingleHeaterTestDriftScaleSingleHeaterTestAreaFracturesarewellconnectedDistributionofpermeabilityoffracturecontinuum(TsangandCook,1997)NicheStudiesConceptualModelofSeepageModelforPAStochasticFractureContinuumModel:toaccountfortheheterogeneityofflowfieldinthefracturedformationFracturepermeabilityisseveralordersofmagnitudehigherthanthematrixpermeabilityThepercolationfluxthroughtheTSwunitoccurspredominantlyinthefracturesTheTSwunitcomprisesawell-connectedfracturenetworkonascalemuchsmallerthanthedriftradiusFieldtestsshowthatthebehaviorofthefracturenetworkequivalentlytoacontinuum,heterogeneousmediumwithconsiderablevariationinpermeabilitySeepageModelforPerformanceAssessment(PA)isconsistedwiththeSeepageCalibrationModelUnsaturatedsteady-stateflowscenarios:asinglecontinuumstochasticmodelofthefractureflowMatriximbibitions:insignificantforalongtermseepagemodelingwhennear-steadylate-timedataarenolongeraffectedbyitAirpermeability:representativeofthehydraulicconductivityoftheexcavation-disturbedzonearoundthedriftCharacteristiccurves:relativepermeabilityandcapillarypressurearecontinuousfunctionsofeffectiveliquidsaturationfollowingthevanGenuchten-MualemmodelEvaporation:suggestingaveryminorinfluenceonseepageratesinnichetestsPerc成olat良ion喂fluxNume歷rica額lMo預(yù)delConc貞erne克dwi絨thb降lock拘aro痛und炸the多drif洲tof好5.5盒md強(qiáng)iame喇terGen負(fù)era朗te器3D院mes孔ha儉nd暑cut此of花fa巧dr陜iftMap綱pin扁gh勁ete果rog竄ene紛ous拉pe厲rme闊abi茅lit霧yt襲ot尤he未3D渡mes侍hBoun侵dary種con痰diti伶ons:哨top幫bou鑒ndar慈y–個(gè)repr景esen咳ting巨ap炮erco戶lati甩onf疤lux鏡arri炭ving站the猶dri逃ftm京odel養(yǎng)are照a;b叫otto膛mbo扒unda撞ry–胸wit晌hfr智eed移rain辜age覺(jué)cond襖itio停n;f協(xié)our術(shù)side妥s–綠no-f會(huì)low酸boun誰(shuí)dari盆esCod作e:跡TOU弄GH2劍–攻Tra廟nsp兼ort診of鼠Un稠sat候ura會(huì)ted若Gr采oun橫dwa對(duì)ter裙an暗dH遠(yuǎn)eatMod斗el蜓Ver耀ifi勻cat謊ionHet妙ero府gen模eou荒sv詳ers叉us蘋(píng)Hom拴oge符neo驗(yàn)us掩Mod查elSen欄sit手ivi煤ty夾Ana非lys熱isperc窗olat著ion確fluxper雜mea罩bil豎ityvan爪Genu躲chte地npa鳳rame債terssta缺nda居rd族dev止iat糟ioncorr跪elat久ion雙leng摸thPre妨dic搖tiv夸eS鞠imu拌lat淋ion應(yīng)sf滲or巷Per遷for景man擊ce鑼Ass部ess奏men奧t(箭PA)Wid賢er巴ang眉eo鍛fp征ara籮met陷ersPer閱col率ati逆on臣flu垮x:打1t葡o1癢000琴mm耐/yrMean劈燕per至meab罰ilit遼y(L攜og1殿0ba池se)緩:-9.喊5to束-14鉗.51/a雀lph術(shù)a:翁10賞0t拉o1電000予Paothe回rsRuns譽(yù)on趟work玩stat收ions詠wit杜hpa外rall崖elm閱etho慕d:2暈1600108掌0c務(wù)ase虛sf傻or則one扇re昨ali撞zat萍ion第20竟re叮ali勝zat墾ion企s3D疾res渣ult鉤sf劇or射as暖ing韻er邁un:Satu械rati懇onp盾rofi音lesDri譽(yù)ft色wal原ls宗eep障age職lo朽cat予ion巡壽sSee誰(shuí)pag泳er目ate母sConc慈ludi雀ngr以emar御ks(者1)Byr杯evie錯(cuò)wing身ava蠻ilab馬lei師nfor坑mati衛(wèi)onf伍rom酒the另fiel踐din逃vest慰igat舞ion斬and謎test孫s,c制once懂ptua憂lmo同del扶was壞buil劃tan澤dco纏ntin化uum模hete銳roge瀉neou根spe扮rmea層bili鴿tyf演ield尺swe猾reg想ener氧atedThe渾nume鄰rica與lap死proa利chw征asv叼erif聞ied牛agai御nst炒the餃anal秋ytic宵als友olut街ion德ofP慮hili變pet與al.按(19姓89),迷and斷goo拳dag糧reem嚴(yán)ent年was啟obta經(jīng)inedSen紡sit染ivi朵ty疤ana尸lys念is忌of晨see歡pag渣ei幼nh驗(yàn)ete籌rog遷ene紗ous峽co鑼nti習(xí)nuu撿ms閑how曉n:贈(zèng)see夫pag陸ei悠sc勞alc職ula蔑ted扣to余be頑la儀rge混rf魚(yú)or掏sma帶lle葛rm巖ean區(qū)pe矛rme毒abi爐lit恨y,參sma侄lle球rv皂an散Gen酷uch刑ten色pa拆ram禁ete字r(1賢/al松pha饒),碰lar蛙ger棉st梢and肢ard株de端via谷tio太ni豪nl倆nk,覽la勤rge眼rs親pat臂ial柿co屬rre異lat幫ion逐le膜ngt仁h,膝and墻l躁arg士er白per圍col芳ati賀on午flu到xCon蜻clu微din學(xué)gr量ema慰rks斷(2苗)Het哀ero求gen量eit染yi私sc膝rit學(xué)ica旅lf顫or陽(yáng)see抹pag冠ec餡alc款ula浸tio專ns:袖fl散ow亮