ISO講義學員姓名：年級：輔導科目：英語學科教師：授課日期授課時段授課主題新北師大版必修二Unit5復習教學目標培養(yǎng)學生把握文章脈絡和進行整體閱讀的能力。學會常用的高頻短語和詞匯用法。培養(yǎng)和提高英語表達能力，并且能夠運用所學知識解決實際問題。教學重難點本單元重點單詞，（如rescue,trap,attempt）和重點短語（breakdown）的用法扎實掌握常見短語的拓展用法并訓練綜合做題的能力教學內(nèi)容unit5unit5humansandnature課本單詞識記escapevi.&vt.“togetawayfromaplaceordangeroussituationwhensomeoneistryingtocatchyouorstopyou”逃離，逃走【歸納】escape(doing)sth.逃避做某事escapefrom從……逃離;逃走escapeto逃至……escapefromreality逃避現(xiàn)實escaperesponsibility逃避責任2.Afishermanistryingtosurviveastorm.survivevi.&vt.“tocontinuetoliveafteranaccident,war,orillness”幸存;活下來【歸納】surviveon靠……生存survivesth.幸免于；從……中挺過來survive表示幸免于時，是及物動詞，因而不要加多余的介詞in，from等。survivethewar/accident/flood/fire在戰(zhàn)爭/事故/洪水/火災中幸免于難survivetheattack在襲擊中幸免于難【拓展】

survivaln.

幸存，殘存物

survivorn.

幸存者，生還者3.Afterawhile,Ibecamecuriousaboutthewhirlpoolitself.過了一會兒，我對旋渦本身產(chǎn)生了好奇。curiousadj.“wantingtoknowaboutsomething”好奇的【歸納】becurioustodosth.好奇地去干某事becuriousaboutsth.對……好奇It’scurious+that...奇怪的是……【拓展】curiosityn.好奇心outofcuriosity出于好奇withcuriosity好奇地curiouslyadv.好奇地4.…thesecond,betweentwoobjectsofequalextent,roundobjectsfelldownlessrapidly…equaladj.“thesameinsize,number,amount,valueetcassomethingelse”相等的；相同的【拓展】beequaltosth./doingsth.(insth.)(在……方面)與……相等;能勝任……;與……匹敵equallyadv.平等地,均等地equalityn.平等…buthewastoofrightenedandstayedintheheavyboat.frightenedadj.“feelingafraid”受驚的，害怕的【拓展】befrightenedtodosth.

害怕做某事befrightenedof(doing)sth.

害怕……frightenv.使驚嚇，使驚恐；被……嚇壞(嚇了一跳)frighteningadj.令人驚恐的/恐怖的Duringthepolarsummerof1910-1911,bothteamsorganizedfoodbasesinpreparationfortheirjourneysthenextyear.preparationn.theprocessofpreparingsomething預備，準備preparation意為“準備工作”時為可數(shù)名詞【拓展】makepreparationfor為……做準備inpreparationforsth.為某事做準備beinpreparation在準備中preparev.準備；預備preparetodo準備做……preparesb.forsth.使某人為某事做好準備basev.tohaveyourmainplaceofwork,businessetcinaparticularplace以……為基地n.基地；大本營；基礎【歸納】base...on/upon...把……建立在……基礎之上bebasedon...以……為基礎onthebaseof以……為基礎atthebaseof...在……的底部【拓展】basisn．根據(jù)；基礎basicadj.基礎的8.ScottandAmundsenwaitedanxiouslyforspring.anxiouslyadv.worriedaboutsomething焦慮地；不安地【拓展】anxiousbeanxiousabout為……擔心/憂慮beanxiousfor渴望beanxious(forab.)todosth.渴望(某人)做某事anxietyn.焦慮;擔心;渴望withanxiety焦急地表示“渴望做某事”的其他表達:beeager/dying/thirstyforsth.beeager/dying/thirstytodosth.desireforsth.desiretodosth.longtodosth.9.First,histwosledgesbrokedownandthenthehorsesbegantohaveseriousdifficultieswiththesnowandthecold.breakdown:Ifamachineoravehicle

breaksdown,itstopsworking停止運轉(zhuǎn)，出故障breakdown

分解，分化；（計劃、談判等）失??；（身體）垮了egWearesorrytoarrivelate,butthecarbrokedown.Theplanwasgood,butitbrokedown,becausetheywereunwillingtocarryitout.Ifyourmothercontinuestoworklikethis,shewillbreakdownsoon.【拓展】常見的含break的短語還有：breakout（戰(zhàn)爭、火災等）爆發(fā)breakup打碎，分裂，解體breakoff突然中斷

breakthrough

突破

Themenweresoonverytiredandwererunningoutoffood.runout(of):havenofurthersupplyof用完，耗盡；過期【拓展】runaway(from)

走掉，跑開；逃避runacross無意間碰到runthrough匆匆看一遍Later,theserocksprovedthatatonetimeinthedistantpast,thecontinentofAntarcticawascoveredbyplants.provev.toshowthatsomethingistruebyprovidingfacts,informationetc證明；證實【歸納】provesth.tosb.向某人證明某事proveoneself(tobe)證明自己是prove(tobe)＋n./adj.原來是，證明是Itisprovedthat…據(jù)證明……，據(jù)證實……proofn.證據(jù)；證明There’s(no)proofthat…(沒)有證據(jù)證明……atonetime:inthepast,butnotnow曾經(jīng)，一度Scottandtwoofhisteammemberscarriedonandgotwithinelevenmilesofoneoftheirfoodbases.carryon(with):tocontinuemoving繼續(xù)走，繼續(xù)行進單詞填空（根據(jù)漢語提示填空，考查單詞拼寫10-20）1.ThemomentIheardthewordIbecameveryf______________(害怕的).2.Afterawhile,Ibecamec___________（好奇的）aboutthewhirlpoolitself.3.Wer________(救援)twopeopleandprovidedmedicalhelpover2,000people.4.Wehavenowlostthegoalofoura___________（雄心，追求）andmustface800milesofhardpushing–andgoodbyetomostofourdreams.5.Weareveryc____________（高興的）,butwhateachmanfeelsinhisheartIcanonlyguess.6.Later,theserocksp_________（證明，證實）thatatonetimeinthedistantpast,thecontinentofAntarcticawascoveredbyplants.7.CaptainScottleftanrecord,forhonesty,sincerity,forb__________（勇氣）,foreverythingthatmakesaman.8.Ithinkourc_____________（氣候）isdefinitelychanging.Andthegreenhouseeffectisquiteobvious.9.Thelecturewassos_____________（令人震驚的）.Ididn’tknowwewereharmingnaturesomuch.10.ASyouknow,naturaldisasterslikeearthquakes,floodsandlandslidescancausedeathandotherlossandd__________（損害）thatishardtomeasure.答案：1.frightened2.curious3.rescued4.ambition5.cheerful6.proved7.bravery8.climate9.shocking10.damage完成句子（考查短語和中英文邏輯轉(zhuǎn)換10-20）1．It_wasMorissette'sfirstperformanceinEnglandsincehersong“Uninvited”wonthisyear'sGrammyAwardforthebestrocksong.【句式仿寫】我們學習英語已經(jīng)有八年了。________________webegantolearnEnglish.2．...thefirstpartofthesongwasfilledwithanger，while_the_last_part_expressed_love_and_joy．【句式仿寫】我一個星期只賺50美元，她卻賺80美元。Ionlyearn$50everyweek，________________．3．The_first_time_you_listen，trytogetthegeneralideaandtakenotes.【句式仿寫】我第一次看到九寨溝時，就被它的美所打動了。________________，Iwasstruckbyitsbeauty.4．Hismothercouldn'tbuyhimapianountilhewasseven.【句式仿寫】他直到三十多歲才開始寫作。________________hewasinhisthirties.5．Shehadtodrawpianokeysonapieceofpaperso_that_he_could_learn_to_play_as_early_as_possible．【句式仿寫】我明天必須早起以便能趕上早班車。Imustgetupearly________________________________________________________________________.【答案】1.Itis/hasbeen8yearssince2.whilesheearns$803.ThefirsttimeIsawJiuzhaigou4.Hedidn'tstartwritinguntil5.sothatIcouldcatchtheearlybus翻譯句子（作文基礎10）閱讀理解（6，2易，2中，2難）AIslandsthatcoulddisappearinyourlifetimeIslandvacationsaredreamsformanytourists,butclimatechangehasliftedoceantemperatures,raisedsealevelsandworsenedstormseverity.Asaresult,someislandsarethreatenedandcoulddisappearinthecomingdecades.FederalStatesofMicronesia2019Population:112,640Theaveragerateofsea-levelriseworldwidehasbeen3.1mmperyearsince1993.ButtheratearoundFederatedStatesofMicronesiaisthreetimesfaster.Thecountryisatriskofdisappearingbecauseofcoastalflooding,erosion,andfrequentstorms.Tuvalu2019Population:11,508.TuvaluisasmallchainofislandsinthePacificOcean.Formorethan25years,itsrepresentativeshaveraisedalarmsthatclimatechangecouldraisesealevelsenoughtofloodtheislands.Evenifwatersnevergetthathigh,Tuvalucouldstillbecomeuninhabitableasrisingsealevelshavepollutedthenation’sgroundwaterresourceswithsalt.MarshallIslands2019Population:58413ResidentsofMarshallIslands,achainofvolcanicislandsandcoralatollsinthecentralPacificOcean,haveknownforyearsthattheyhavetoeitherbuildnewartificialislandstorelocateorraisetheexistingones.ShishmarefAlaska2019Population:617In2016,peoplelivinginShishmaref,Alaska,locatedneartheBeringStrait,votedtorelocatebeforemeltingiceandlanderosionwouldforcedthemto.Alaskahadgrantedthecity$8milliontowardthemove,butofficialssayitwillcost$200million.31．ThesealevelaroundFederalStatesofMicronesiaisrisingasmuchas______orsoayear.A．1.1mm B．3.1mm C．6.6mm D．9.3mm32．Whichislandhasbeengrantedsomefundstorelocatebythestategovernment?A．FederalStatesofMicronesia B．TuvaluC．MarshallIslands D．Shishmaref【答案】31．D32．D【分析】這是一篇應用文。因為氣候變暖導致海平面上升，有些島嶼可能會消失。本文簡單介紹了四個可能會消失的島嶼的特點。31．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章FederalStatesofMicronesia下的Theaveragerateofsea-levelriseworldwidehasbeen3.1mmperyearsince1993.ButtheratearoundFederatedStatesofMicronesiaisthreetimesfaster.(自1993年起世界范圍內(nèi)的海平面平均每年上升3.1毫米，但是FederatedStatesofMicronesia是那個速度的三倍)可知，F(xiàn)ederatedStatesofMicronesia海平面上升速度為3.1*3=9.3毫米。故選D項。32．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章ShishmarefAlaska下的Alaskahadgrantedthecity$8milliontowardthemove,butofficialssayitwillcost$200million.(阿拉斯加市政府撥款8百萬美元作為城市搬遷的費用，但政府官員說會花200萬美元)可知，ShishmarefAlaska被給予資金進行城市搬遷。故選D項。BInthepast50years,theamountofwaterintheopenoceanwithzerooxygenhasgoneupmorethanfourfold.Incoastalwaterbodies，includingrivermouthsandseas,low-oxygensiteshaveincreasedmorethantenfoldsince1950.ScientistsexpectoxygentocontinuedroppingevenoutsidethesezonesasEarthwarms.“OxygenisfundamentaltolifeintheOceans,”saidDeniseBreitburg,amarineecologistwiththeSmithsonianEnvironmentalResearchCenter.“ThedeclineinoceanoxygenranksamongthemostseriouseffectsofhumanactivitiesontheEarth’senvironment.Actually,it'sagreatlosstoallthesupportservicesthatrelyonrecreationandtourism,includinghotelsandrestaurantsandtaxidriversandeverythingelse.Thereverberations(嚴重影響)ofunhealthyecosystemsintheoceancanbeextensive.”Inareastraditionallycalled“deadzones",likethoseinChesapeakeBayandtheGulfofMexico，oxygenplummets(大幅下跌)tosolowlevelsthatmanyanimalsdie.Asfishavoidthesezones,theirhabitatsbecomesmallerandthey’reeasiertobeattackedorcaught.Buttheproblemgoesfarbeyond“deadzones”.Evensmalleroxygendeclinecanpreventgrowthinanimals,hinderreproductionandleadtodiseaseorevendeath.Italsocancausethereleaseofdangerouschemicalssuchasnitrousoxide,agreenhousegasupto300timesmorepowerfulthancarbondioxide.Whilesomeanimalscanboomin“deadzones”，overallbiodiversityfalls.Climatechangeisthekeycriminalintheopenocean.Warmingsurfacewatersmakeitharderforoxygentoreachtheinsideoftheocean.Furthermore,astheoceanasawholegetswarmer,itholdslessoxygen.Incoastalwaters,toomuchnutrientpollutionfromlandcreatesalgalblooms,whichuseupoxygenastheydieandbreakdown.People'slivelihoodsarealsoontheline,thescientistsreported,especiallyindevelopingnations.Smallerfisheries(漁場)maybeunabletorelocatewhenlowoxygendestroystheirharvestsorforcesfishtomoveelsewhere.Sowehumanshavetocarryonawarnowandwinthewar.33．Whatdoesthefirstparagraphmainlytalkabout?A．Theoceanhasbeenlosingitsoxygen. B．Theamountofseawaterisincreasing.C．Thecoastalwaterbodiesaredangerous. D．TheEarthbecomeswarmerandwarmer.34．WhatcanweinferfromDeniseBreitburg'swords?A．Differentoceanshavedifferentlevelsofoxygen.B．Thedeclineinoceanoxygenhasgreatinfluences.C．Thefutureoftourismreliesonthelevelsofoceanoxygen.D．Thedecreaseinoceanoxygenisthemostseriousenvironmentproblem.35．Howdoesthe“deadzone"affectseaanimals?A．Itoffersmorefood. B．Itformsdangerousgas.C．Itreducestheirlivingareas. D．Itproducesmorecarbondioxide.36．Howcanwewinthewaraccordingtothetext?A．Byclosingsmallerfisheries. B．Bycontrollinghumans'badactivities.C．Byimprovingpeople'slivingstandards. D．Bystoppingnutrientsenteringtheocean.【答案】33．A34．B35．C36．B【分析】本文是說明文。由于人類活動的影響導致全球變暖，氣候變化影響到了海洋生物的生存，又反作用于人類的生計，人類必須采取措施應對此問題。33．主旨大意題。通過第一段我們知道了海洋面臨的現(xiàn)狀：在過去的50年里，海洋中零氧水域的水量增加了四倍多。低氧場所自1950年以來增加了十多倍。通過這些現(xiàn)狀科學家預計，隨著地球變暖，即使在這些區(qū)域之外，氧氣也會繼續(xù)下降。由此可知海洋正在失去氧氣，故選A。34．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段DeniseBreitburg說的“OxygenisfundamentaltolifeintheOceans,”“ThedeclineinoceanoxygenranksamongthemostseriouseffectsofhumanactivitiesontheEarth’senvironment.……Thereverberations(嚴重影響)ofunhealthyecosystemsintheoceancanbeextensive.”可知海洋氧氣的減少是人類活動對地球環(huán)境最嚴重的影響之一，這種不健康的海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的嚴重影響還會擴大。由此可見海洋氧氣的減少有很大影響，故選B。35．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Inareastraditionallycalled“deadzones",oxygenplummets(大幅下跌)tosolowlevelsthatmanyanimalsdie.Asfishavoidthesezones,theirhabitatsbecomesmallerandthey’reeasiertobeattackedorcaught.可知“死亡地帶”，氧氣大幅下跌，許多動物死去。當魚類避開這些區(qū)域時，它們的棲息地變小，更容易被攻擊或捕獲。故選C。36．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段ThedeclineinoceanoxygenranksamongthemostseriouseffectsofhumanactivitiesontheEarth’senvironment.Actually,it'sagreatlosstoallthesupportservicesthatrelyonrecreationandtourism,includinghotelsandrestaurantsandtaxidriversandeverythingelse.可知是人類活動影響了海洋氧氣減少，所以要解決此問題必須控制人類的有害活動，故選B。C【安徽省皖南八校2021屆高三10月份第一次聯(lián)考】TheLionDanceisoneofthemostwidespreadfolkdancesinChina.Thelionisthekingofanimals.InChinesetradition,thelionisregardedasamascot,whichcanbringgoodluck.Thedancehasarecordedhistoryofmorethan2,000years.XushuiLionDanceHebeiisthebirthplaceoftheNorthernLionDance.TheXushuiLionDanceismainlyperformedduringtheSpringFestivalandreligiousceremoniesoflocaltemples.Inthedancetwopeopleusuallyplaythelion:onewavingthelionheadandtheotherwavingthelionbodyandtail.ThelatterisoneimportantfeatureoftheNorthernLionDance.Thelion,withitsexaggeratedappearance,ismightyandvalorous,andalsonaiveandlovely.Itcanvividlyperformwatching,standing,walking,·running,rolling,sleepingandshakingitsmaneandalsomanyotherdifficultacrobatics.TiantaLionDanceTheTiantaLionDanceformedduringtheSuiandTangperiodinShanxi,issurprising,adventurous,vagarious,peerlessandsplendid,sinceitisperformedontoweringhathpaces,whichisreallyabreathtakingacrobaticscene.TheprotectionandsalvationoftheTiantaLionDanceisveryimportantforresearchonlocalaesthetics,folklore,musicanddancehistory.HuangshaLionDanceTheHuangshaLionDanceoriginatedintheNorthernSongDynastyandwaspopularintheHuashayangareaofLinhaiCity,ZhejiangProvince.Itsbiggesthighlightistheingeniousadoptionofmartialartsintotheperformance.TheHuangshaLionDance,valuableforresearchonlocalfolklore,sociology,andaesthetics,nowneedsurgentprotectionandsalvation.Therearelessthantenpeoplealivewhocanperformthedancetoday.GuangdongLionDanceTheGuangdongLionDanceisatypicalSouthernLionDance.ItoriginatedfromtheroyalliondanceduringtheTangDynastyandwaslaterintroducedtothesouthbyimmigrantsfromthenorth.TheGuangdongLionDancefinallycameintobeinginitspresentformthatadoptedlocalcharacteristicsduringtheMingDynasty.Itmainlyfocusesontheperformanceofthecivilianliondance,attachingmuchattentiontomovementslikescratchinganitch,shakingthemaneandlickingthehair.21．WheredidtheNorthernLionDanceoriginate?A．InGuangdong. B．InHebei. C．InShanxi. D．InZhejiang.22．Whichofthefollowingneedsprotectingmostnow?A．XushuiLionDance. B．TiantaLionDance.C．HuangshaLionDance. D．GuangdongLionDance.23．Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A．TocallonustoprotecttheLionDance.B．ToteachushowtoenjoytheLionDance.C．ToencouragetheyoungtolearntheLionDance.D．TointroduceusseveralrepresentativetypesoftheLionDance.【答案】21．B22．C23．D【解析】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了四種傳統(tǒng)的中國舞獅起源，特點和意義等。21．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“XushuiLionDance”部分第一句“HebeiisthebirthplaceoftheNorthernLionDance.”河北是北方舞獅的發(fā)源地。故選B。22．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“HuangshaLionDance”部分最后兩句“TheHuangshaLionDance,valuableforresearchonlocalfolklore,sociology,andaesthetics,nowneedsurgentprotectionandsalvation.Therearelessthantenpeoplealivewhocanperformthedancetoday.”黃沙舞獅在當?shù)孛袼讓W、社會學、美學研究中具有重要價值，亟需保護和拯救。今天能表演這支舞的活著的人不到十人。因此最需要保護的是HuangshaLionDance，故選C。23．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“TheLionDanceisoneofthemostwidespreadfolkdancesinChina..”舞獅是中國流傳最廣的民間舞蹈之一。以及整個文章可知就是介紹了四種傳統(tǒng)的中國舞獅的起源，特點和意義等。由此可知，本文的目的就是介紹幾種有代表性類型的舞獅，故選D。D【安徽省皖南八校2021屆高三10月份第一次聯(lián)考】AlodestonecompasswasusedinChinaduringtheHanDynastybetweenthe2ndcenturyBCand1stcenturyAD,whereitwascalledthe“south-governor”(sīnán).Itwasnotusedfornavigation,butratherforgeomancyandfortune-telling.TheearliestreferencetoamagneticdeviceusedfornavigationisinaSongDynastybookdatingto1040-1044,wherethereisadescriptionofaniron“south-pointingfish”floatinginabowlofwater,aligningitselftothesouth.Thedeviceisrecommendedasameansoforientation“intheobscurityofthenight.”ThefirstsuspendedmagneticneedlecompasswaswrittenbyShenKuoinhisbookof1088.FormostofChinesehistory,thecompassthatremainedinusewasintheformofamagneticneedlefloatinginabowlofwater.AccordingtoNeedham,theChineseintheSongDynastyandcontinuingYuanDynastydidmakeuseofadrycompass,althoughthistypeneverbecameaswidelyusedinChinaasthewetcompass.ThedrycompassusedinChinawasadrysuspensioncompass,awoodenframecraftedintheshapeofaturtlehungupsidedownbyaboard,withthelodestonesealedinbywax,andifrotated,theneedleatthetailwouldalwayspointinthenortherncardinaldirection.Althoughthe14thcenturyEuropeancompass-cardinboxframeanddrypivotneedlewasadoptedinChinaafteritsusewastakenbyJapanesepiratesinthe16thcentury(whohadinturnlearnedofitfromEuropeans),theChinesedesignofthesuspendeddrycompasspersistedinusewellintothe18thcentury.24．Whatwassīnánusedfor?A．Trade. B．Orientation. C．Fortune-telling. D．Navigation.25．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“aligning”inParagraph1mean?A．a(chǎn)larming B．a(chǎn)djusting C．reminding D．forcing26．Whichofthefollowingcanbeknownfromthetext?A．ThewetcompasswaswidelyusedinChina.B．Theneedleofthedrycompasswouldalwaysfacedthesouth.C．Japanesepiratesin16thcenturyknewlittleaboutcompass.D．Thefirstcompasswasmentionedinabookof1088writtenbyNeedham.27．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．GreatScientists B．TheFamousDynastiesinHistoryC．TheUnforgettableCenturiesofChina D．TheGreatInventionofAncientChina—Compass【答案】24．C25．B26．A27．D【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國古代發(fā)明——指南針，介紹了其最初的用途、工作原理以及在歷史中的演變。24．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“AlodestonecompasswasusedinChinaduringtheHanDynastybetweenthe2ndcenturyBCand1stcenturyAD,whereitwascalledthe‘south-governor’(sīnán).Itwasnotusedfornavigation,butratherforgeomancyandfortune-telling.(公元前2世紀至公元1世紀的漢代，中國曾使用過磁石指南針，當時被稱為“司南”。它不是用于導航，而是用于風水和算命)”可知，司南是用來算命的。故選C。25．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“TheearliestreferencetoamagneticdeviceusedfornavigationisinaSongDynastybookdatingto1040-1044,wherethereisadescriptionofaniron“south-pointingfish”floatinginabowlofwater”以及后文“itselftothesouth”可知最早提到用于導航的磁性裝置是在宋朝1040到1044年的一本書中，書中描述了一只鐵“指南魚”漂浮在一碗水里，可以自行調(diào)整自己對準南方。由此可知，畫線詞意思為“調(diào)整”，A.alarming警告；B.adjusting調(diào)整；C.reminding提醒；D.forcing迫使。故選B。26．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“AccordingtoNeedham,theChineseintheSongDynastyandcontinuingYuanDynastydidmakeuseofadrycompass,althoughthistypeneverbecameaswidelyusedinChinaasthewetcompass.(根據(jù)Needham的說法，在宋朝和后來的元朝中國人確實使用了干指南針，盡管這種指南針在中國從未像水浮式指南針那樣廣泛使用)”可知，水浮式指南針在中國被廣泛使用。故選A。27．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“AlodestonecompasswasusedinChinaduringtheHanDynastybetweenthe2ndcenturyBCand1stcenturyAD,whereitwascalledthe‘south-governor’(sīnán).Itwasnotusedfornavigation,butratherforgeomancyandfortune-telling.(公元前2世紀至公元1世紀的漢代，中國曾使用過磁石指南針，當時被稱為“司南”。它不是用于導航，而是用于風水和算命)”結合文章主要介紹了中國古代發(fā)明——指南針，介紹了其最初的用途、工作原理以及在歷史中的演變。由此可知，D選項“古代中國的偉大發(fā)明——指南針”最符合文章標題。故選D。EAbout97%oftheworld’swaterissaltyandisfoundinouroceansandseas.But，aswecan’tdrinkseawater，howcanitbeimportant?Everypartofourseasandoceanscontainsanamazingnumberofanimalsandfishthatliveatdifferentoceandepths.Mostofthedifferentspeciesofanimalsandfishdependonsimpleplantsfortheirfood.Thesesimpleplantscalledalgae(海藻)driftnearthesurfaceoftheoceanandusesunlighttoturncarbondioxideandwaterintofoodandoxygen.Infact，thealgaeproduceoverhalfoftheoxygenpeoplebreathe.Howimportantseawateris!Eachplantoranimalinourseasandoceansisanimportantlinkinafoodchain.Thealgaeareeateninlargeamountsbymicroscopicanimals，whichareinturnconsumedbylargeranimals.Thesefoodchainsaredelicatelybalanced.Thebadnewsaboutthefoodchainsintheoceansisthattheyareunderthreatbecauseofman.Peopleoncethoughtthattheoceansweresobigthatitdidn’tmatterifwedumpedrubbishintothemorcaughthugequantitiesoffishandwhalesforfood.Butwenowknowthisisnottrueandfishstocksintheoceanshavestartedtodrop.Thankfully，theworldistakingstepstoprotectthefutureofouroceansbyintroducinginternationalagreementstoprotectmarinehabitats.Mostcountrieshaveintroducedfishingrestrictionstoprotectfishstocksintheoceansandnewtechniquesarebeingpioneeredtocopewithpollution.Finally，theimportanceofprotectingoceansisbeingmadeknowntomorepeople.Thisisjustthebeginningofalongprocesstoprotecttheoceansforourfuture.Wedependontheoceansforfishwhichareanimportantpartofthehumandiet.Howimportantseawateris!【語篇解讀】海洋對人類的生存起到至關重要的作用，但是人類在很長一段時間內(nèi)對海洋造成了污染和破壞，現(xiàn)在各國都在努力采取措施保護海洋。1．Whichofthefollowingistheproperorderofthefoodchain?A．smallanimals→algae→microscopicanimals→largeanimals→manB．a(chǎn)lgae→microscopicanimals→largeanimals→largeranimals→manC．smallanimals→algae→largeanimals→microscopicanimals→manD．microscopicanimals→algae→largeanimals→largeranimals→man答案B[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，微生物吃海藻，然后逐次地大一點的動物吃小一點的動物，最后被人吃掉。故選B。]2．Peopleusedtothinkthattherubbishthrownintothesea________．A．wouldn’tharmthefishintheseaB．wouldchangethebalanceofthefoodchainC．wouldbebrokendownintheseaD．wouldn’tdomuchharmtothesea答案D[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句可知，過去人類認為將垃圾倒入大海不會對大海造成破壞。]3．Fromthepassage，welearnthat________．A．mostfishandseaanimalsliveatthesurfaceoftheseasB．itisverydifficulttobreakthebalanceofafoodchainC．excessivefishinghascausedthedecreaseinfishstocksD．itwon’tbelongbeforetheproblemsconcerningoceanswillbesolved答案C[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后兩句可知，現(xiàn)在人類已經(jīng)認識到原先的做法是不正確的，而且魚的儲存量開始下降，可知過度的捕撈造成了這一結果。]4．WhichofthefollowingisNOTawaybeingusedtoprotectoceans?A．Theuseofinternationalagreements.B．Forbiddingfishingtoprotectfishstocks.C．Theuseofnewtechniques.D．Raisingpeople’sawarenessoftheneedtoprotectoceans.答案B[細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句可知，很多國家限制魚類的捕撈，而不是禁止，故B項不正確。]F體裁：記敘文題材：人物故事詞數(shù)：280難度：中建議用時：7分鐘Deshawalkedupanddownasshewaitedbackstage.Thiswouldbehermostimportantpianoperformanceyet.Attenyearsold,shewastheyoungestperformerintherecital(演奏會）。Shehadpractisedplayinghersongmorethan30timesthatweek.Whensheclosedhereyesatnight,themusicplayedoverandoveragaininherhead.Nowthatthedayhadarrived,Deshawasnotsureshewasready.Shesmoothedherhairandpickedapieceoflint(絨毛）fromthenewdressthathermotherhadboughtforher.Shenoticedthatherhandswereshaking.Howcouldsheplaythenotesofthesongifherhandswereshaking?Shetriedtoconcentrateonsteadying(穩(wěn)住）them,buttheyonlyshookmore.Desha'spianoteacher,MsNeal,walkeduptospeaktoher.“Ihavesomethingforyou,"shesaid,puttingasmoothblackstoneintoDesha'shand."It'saspecialstone.There'snootheronelikeitintheworld.You'vepractisedsomuch.Youdon'tneedanythingelse.”Thestagelightsreflectedofftherock."Thankyou,”Deshasaid.WhenDesha'snamewascalled,sherubbedthestone,steppedontothestage,andplayedbetterthanever.Afterherperformance,shenoticedthatMsNealhadawholebagofblackstones.“Whydidyousaythisonewassospecial?"sheasked.Herteacherresponded,“＂Because,likeyourtalent,itbelongsonlytoyou.”1.WhydidDeshahearthepianomusicinherheadatnight?A.Shehadpractisedmanytimes.B.Shewantedtorememberthesongforever.C.Shelistenedtothesongeveryday.D.Shelikedthispieceofmusicverymuch.2.Beforetheperformancebegan,Desha.A.wasdissatisfiedwithhernewdressB.waitedimpatientlybackstageC.wastoonervoustokeepherhandssteadyD.forgotthenotessuddenly3.Accordingtothetext,MsNealthoughtthat.A.DeshawasfullypreparedfortherecitalB.itwasdifficulttoplaythepianoC.ittooktalenttoplaythepianoD.Deshaownedmanythings4.Whatdoesthewriterwanttoshow?A.Practiceleadstoaperfectperformance.B.Peoplearetalentedintheirownway.C.Rubbingastonecanbringgoodluck.D.Performinginfrontofpeopleishard.G體裁：說明文題材：介紹說明詞數(shù)：278難度：中建議用時：7分鐘［山東泰安一中2019高一期中］It'sOKtosayyou'veneverheardofGrime-unlessyou'refromtheUK.That'sbecausethismusictypewasinventedintheUKintheearly2000s.Tosomeonewho'snotfamiliarwithundergroundmusicculture,it'seasytogetconfusedbetweenhip-hopandGrimesincetheyarebothnoisy.Andmanypeopledidn'tbothertotellthemapart,untilearlierthismonthwhenGrimestarslikeStormzyledthisyear'sMOBO-"musicofblackorigin”－awardnominations(提名）intheUK.JustlikeUKelectronicmusicandhip-hop,bywhichGrimewasinfluenced,itmostlyreflectsthethoughtsofyoungpeople.Butdifferentfromhip-hop,Grimesingerssingindialectswithstrongaccents,givingaspecialflavourtotheirsongs.LadyLeshurr,knownasthe"GrimeQueen”，saidthatsheoncetriedtohideheraccent,asshedidn'twantpeopletojudgeher.Butoneday,sherealisedthatshedidn'tneedtochangeherselfjusttopleaseothers.Andthere'snodoubtthatthisisthemostbasicandimportantqualityofGrimemusic:beyourself.Alsodifferentfromthehip-hopculture,whichusuallyfocusesonbeingrich,GrimesingerspaymoreattentiontosocialphenomenalikeEurope'srefugeeproblemandthegapbetweentherichandthepoor.Althoughstillquiteyoung,Grimeseemstobegettingfavouredbymoreandmorepeople.In2016,theEnglishGrimeartistSkeptawontheMercuryPrizewithhisalbumKonnichiwa,beatingbignameslikeDavidBowieandRadiohead.However,nomatterwhetherGrimeisonedayacceptedbythemainstreammusicworldornot,onethingisforsure:inGrime,singersalwaysstaytruetothemselves.1.Whatdohip-hopandGrimemusichaveincommon?A.TheyarebornintheUK.B.Theymakealotofloudnoise.C.Theychallengetraditionalcultures.D.Theyarefullofcreativeideas.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3referto?A.Electronicmusic. B.Hip-hop. C.Grimemusic. D.Blackmusic.3.WhatcanbelearntaboutGrimesin