SubjunctiveMood虛擬語氣ASONGIfIwereaboyevenjustforonedayI’drolloutofbedinthemorningAndthrowonwhatIwantedandgoDrinkbeerwiththeguysandchaseaftergirlsI’dkickitwithwhoIwantedAndI’dnevergetconfrontedforitBecausethey’dstickupformeIfIhadthreedaystosee陳述語氣

Iwenttothetheatreyesterday.

Jackhasn’tcomebackhomeyet.祈使語氣

Let’sgo.

Don’ttouchanythingonthetableuntilthebellrings.一.語氣的分類虛擬語氣

IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotleaveheralone.

Ourteachersuggestedthatwegotothelibrarythisafternoon.條件從句If從句的謂語形式主句的謂語形式現(xiàn)在過去未來did(were)haddonewould/could/should/might+dowould/could/should/might+havedone.1.did(were)2.shoulddo3.weretodowould/could/should/might+do一.虛擬語氣在條件狀語從句中的用法。Iftherewerenoair,theskywouldbeblack.IfIgottheinformation,Iwouldletyouknow.2.Ifwehadgotenoughmoney,wewouldhaveboughtit.3.Ifyoushouldfall,youwouldbeinjured.Ifitweretorain,wewouldnotgothere.Ifyouhadavilla(別墅）,Iwouldmarryyou.現(xiàn)在過去將來a.Ifthey____(be)herenow,they__________(take)youradvice.b.Iftheworld-war_____(break)outagain,what_____________(happen)toourpeopleonearth?werewouldtakebrokewouldhappenPRACTICE1:Fillintheblanks.a.IfTom________(be)morecarefulintheexam,he________________(pass)italready.b.Ifyou_______(get)upearlier,you________________(catch)thefirsttrain.hadbeenwouldhavepassedhadgotwouldhavecaughtPRACTICE2:Fillintheblanks.句型練習(xí).1.我要是你的話,我就會把英語學(xué)好。2.如果你昨天來,你就會看見他。3.萬一明天下雨,我們就不到那兒去。Ifyou

hadasked

himyesterday,you

would

know

whattodonow.從句與過去事實相反,主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反1.混合虛擬/錯綜時間虛擬語氣從句與主句的動作時間不一致。因此主句和從句的謂語動詞要根據(jù)各自的時間選擇適當(dāng)?shù)男问?.without和butfor構(gòu)成虛擬。butfor要不是

Withoutsunlight,people’slifewouldbedifferentfromtoday.

Butforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavefinishedthework.

Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldhavefailed.

Butforwater,itwouldbeimpossibletoliveinthedesert.3.虛擬條件句倒裝。虛擬條件從句中有should,were,had三個助動詞可以把if省略,并將這三個詞提至句首。

IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveitup.WereIyou,Iwouldgiveitup.Ifitwerenotforyouradvice,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.Wereitnotforyouradvice,wecouldn’thavegotoverthedifficulties.IfIhadhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.HadIhadtime,Iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain.Ifthereshouldbeaflood,whatshouldwedo?Shouldtherebeaflood,whatshouldwedo?注意：

在虛擬語氣的從句中,

動詞be的過去時態(tài)一律用were,

不用was,即在從句中be用were代替。二.虛擬語氣特殊句型:wishasif(though)evenif(though)ifonly（要是…就好了）現(xiàn)在:

did（were）過去:

haddone未來:

would/could/might+doIwishI

were

astallasyou.IwishI

were

abird.Iwisheveryday

were

mybirthday.Iwish/wishedI

hadn’t

eatensomuchwatermelon.(2)表示對過去情況的虛擬:從句動詞常用“had＋done”。Thepartywasterrible,IwishI

had

nevergonetoit.Iwishit

would

raintomorrow.Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.Irememberthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday.Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.IfonlyIknewhisname!Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice!IfonlyIcould

seehimagain!2.wouldratherthatsb.現(xiàn)在,將來:過去:Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.Iwouldratheryouhadattendedthemeetingyesterday.Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.didsth.haddone3.It’s(about/high)time+thatsb.did(were)should(不省)do.你該走了。It’shightimethatyouwent.It’shightimethatyoushouldgo.我們該去睡覺了。It’stimethatwewenttobed.It’stimethatweshouldgotobed.4.表示要求,命令,建議的虛擬語氣。使用shoulddo,或者將should省略。賓語從句中常見動詞:一個堅持,兩個命令,

三個建議,

四個要求。即1).insist2).order,command3).advise,suggest,propose4).demand,require,request,desireIsuggestthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.Heinsistedthathe(should)besentthere.注意:如suggest,insist不表示“建議”或“堅持要某人做某事時”,即它們用于其本意“暗示、表明”、“堅持認(rèn)為,堅持說”時,賓語從句用陳述語氣。1.Theguardatgateinsistedthateverybody____(obey)therules.2.Heinsistedthatshe___(be)seriouslyillandthat______(send)tohospitalsatonce.obeywasbesent3.Hesuggestedthatwe____(have)ameetingatonce.4.Hispalefacesuggestedthathe___(be)ill.havewas以上動詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句包括主語從句,表語從句和同位語也要使用虛擬語氣,從句中的動詞形式一樣。order,advice,suggestion,proposal（建議）,demand,request,desire（渴望）It’ssuggestedthattheplanbecarriedout.Mydemandisthatsheshouldcometoseemeonceaweek.Allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalfactoryshouldbecloseddown.5.It’snecessary/strange/natural/important/apity/nowonder/impossible+that---Clause

從句中的動詞要用虛擬,即(should)+動詞原形Itis

important

thatwe

(should)master

aforeignlanguage.Itisstrange

thatshe

refuse

tocometotheparty.It’snecessary

thatwe

shouldstudy

hard.1.Iftherewerenosubjunctivemood,English____mucheasier.A.willbeB.wouldhavebeenC.couldhavebeenD.wouldbe2.Thefire___ifyouhadbeenmorecareful.A.wouldnotbeburningB.wouldnotburnC.wouldnothavebeenburntD.wouldnotburnt3.Youdidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe_____inturn,you_____sotired.A.drove;didn’tgetB.drove;wouldn’tgetC.weredriving,wouldn’tD.haddriven;wouldn’thavegot4.Ifit_____rain,thecropswouldbesaved.A.shouldB.willC.isgoingtoD.wasto5.______today,hewouldgettoGermanybyFriday.A.WasheleavingB.WerehetoleaveC.WouldheleaveD.Ifheleaves6.Ifhe______it,he______it.A.hadseen;couldhavebelievedB.saw;couldn’tbelieveC.saw;couldn’thavebelievedD.hasseen;hadbelieved7.Ican’tsendheraninvitation.IwishI__hernewaddress.A.knowB.willknowC.haveknownD.knew8.----Wouldyouliketoworkinmycompany?----Sorry,I’drather____here,butI’drathermybrother_____toyourcompany.A.staying;goesB.tostay;togoC.stay;wentD.tostay;goes9.----Didyoublamehimforhismistakes?-----Yes,butI’drather_____it.A.notdoB.nottodoC.havenotdoneD.nothavedone10.----Tommy,isn’tittimeyou____theschoolbus?------Okay,I____mybreakfast.A.shouldcatch;havealmostfinishedB.catch;willalmostfinishingC.caught;amalmostfinishingD.willcatch;almostfinish11.Everybodyhasarrived.It’stimewe___themeeting.A.wouldstartB.hadstartedC.shallstartD.started12.It___hardnow,otherwisewecouldgoouttoplay.A.rainedB.rainsC.israiningD.wouldrain13.Iwasillthatday,otherwiseI____thesportsmeet.A.wouldtakepartinB.hadtakenpartinC.tookpartinD.wouldhavetakenpartin14.Butfortheparty,he___ofhunger30yearago.A.wouldhavediedB.musthavediedC.woulddieD.died15.Mary’suncleinsists____inthishotel.A,notstayingB.nottostayC.thathenotstayD.stayingnot16.Theyhelpedmealot.Idon’tknowwhatI_____withouttheirhelp.A.woulddoB.haddoneC.wouldha