江蘇省南京市2022-2023學(xué)年高二第一學(xué)期期中考試

英語試題

（滿分120）

一、閱讀理解

（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（本題共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

(A)

Iclimbedthestairsslowlycarryingabigsuitcase,myfatherfollowingwithtwomore.BythetimeIgottothe

thirdfloorIwastiredandatthesametimefeelinglonely.Worsestill,Dadmissedastepandfell,sendingmynew

suitcasesrollingdownthestairs."Damn!"hescreamed,hisfaceturningred.Iknewtroublewasahead.Whenever

Dad'sfaceturnsred,lookout!

HowcouldIevergethimtofinishunloadingthecarwithoutscreamingatmeandmakingasceneinfrontof

theothergirls,girlsIwouldhavetospendtherestoftheyearwith?Doorswereopeningandfacespeeringoutas

Dadwalkedwithdifficultyclosebehind.Ifeltitinmybonesthatmycollegelifewasgettingofftoabadstart.

"Findtheroomquickly"Ithought."Gethimintoachairandcalmeddown."Butthenagainwouldtherebea

chairinRoom316?Orwoulditbeanemptyroom?

FinallyIturnedthekeyinthelockandpushedthedooropen,withDadstillcomplainingaboutahurtingknee

orsomething.Iputmyheadin,expectingtheworst.Butto

furniture,curtains,aTV,andsevenpaintingsonthewalls.

Andthereonawell-madebedsatAmy,mynewroommatedressedneatly.Greetingmewithanod,shesaidina

mysurprise,theroomwasn'temptyatall!

Ithad

softvoice"Hi,youmustbeCori."ThensheturneddownthemusicandlookedoveratDad."Andofcourse

you'reMr.Faber,"shesaidsmiling."Wouldyoulikeaglassoficedtea?"Dad'sfaceturneddecidedlylessred

beforehecouldbringouta"yes."

IknewthenthatAmyandIwouldbefriendsandmyfirstyearofcollegewouldbeasuccess.

()1.WhichofthefollowingdescriptionsisTRUEofmyfather?

A.Dadseldomgotangrywithme.

B.Dad'sscreamingattractedalotofattention.

C.Dadfeltannoyedbecausehewasbadlyhurt.

D.Dadwasnotsatisfiedwiththeuniversity.

()2.Whatdoestheunderlinedexpression"makingascene"meaninthesecondparagraph?

A.laughingatme

C.makingmeembarrassed

B.leavingmealone

D.glaringatme

()3.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesAmy?

A.friendlyandconsiderate

C.patientandconfident

B.enthusiasticandenergetic

D.sympatheticandgenerous

(B)

Peoplehavegrowntalleroverthelastcentury,withSouthKoreanwomenshootingupbymorethan20cmon

average,andIranianmengaining16.5cm.Aglobalstudylookedattheaverageheightof18

-year-oldsin200

countriesbetween1914and2014.TheresultsshowthatwhileSwedeswerethetallestpeopleintheworldin

1914.

Dutchmenhaverisenfrom12thplacetothetopspotwithanaverageheightof182.5cm.

Latvianwomen,

meanwhile,rosefrom28thplacein1914tobecomethetallestintheworldacenturylater,withanaverageheight

of169.8cm.

AlittleextraheightbringsanumberofadvantagessaysElioRiboliofImperialCollege."Beingtalleris

associatedwithlongerlifeexpectancy,"hesaid."Thisislargelyduetoalowerriskofdyingofcardiovascular(心血

管的）diseaseamongtallerpeople."

Butwhileheighthasincreasedaroundtheworld,thetrendinmanyAfricancountriescausesconcern,says

Riboli.WhileheightincreasedinUgandaandNigerduringtheearly20thcentury,thetrendhasreversed(反轉(zhuǎn)）in

recentyears,withheightdecreasingamong18-year-olds."Onereasonforthesedecreasesinheightisthe

economicsituationinthe1980s,"said

AlexanderMoradioftheUniversityofSussex.Thenutritionalandhealthcrisesledtomanychildrenand

teenagersfailingtoreachtheirpotentialheight.

JamesBentham,aco-authoroftheresearchfromImperialCollege,believestheglobaltrendofincreasing

heightisofgreatimportance."Howtallwearenowisstronglyinfluencedbytheenvironmentwegrewupin,"he

said."Ifwegivechildrenthebestpossiblestartinlifenow,theywillbehealthierandmoreproductivefordecades

tocome."

()4.Whatdoestheglobalstudytellusaboutpeople'sheightinthelasthundredyears?

A.Thereisgreatdifferenceacrosscontinents

B.Therehasbeenanobviousincreaseinmostcountries.

C.Theincreaseinpeople'sheighthasbeenquickening.

D.Theincreaseinwomen'sheightisbiggerthaninmen's

()5.WhatdoesElioRibolisayabouttallerpeople?

A.Theytendtolivelonger.

B.Theyenjoyaneasierlife

D.Theyhavegreaterexpectationsinlife.

C.Theygenerallyriskfewerdiseases.

()6.Whatdowelearnabout18-year-oldsinUgandaandNiger?

A.Theygrowupslowerthantheirpeersinothercountries.

B.Theyareactuallyshorterthantheirearliergenerations.

C.Theyfindithardtobringtheirpotentialintofullplay.

D.Theyhaveexperiencedmanychangesofgovernment.

()7.WhatdoesJamesBenthamsuggestwedo?

A.Watchcloselytheglobaltrendinchildren'sdevelopment.

B.Makesurethatourchildrengrowuptotheirfullheight.

C.Tryeverymeanspossibletoimproveourenvironment.

D.Ensureourchildrengrowupinanidealenvironment.

(C)

It'spouring.Theoldmanissoundasleep.Hecouldn'tgetupinthemorning.Thiswaspossiblybecauseinthe

absenceofsunlighthisbodywasstillproducingthehormonemelatonin(褪黑素),whichmakesyousleepy.

Therearemanywaysthatrainfallaffectshumanbehaviour.Howmuchdoesrainreallyaffectpeople'smoods

andbehaviour?

In2008researcherspublishedapaperproposingthatshortrainyseasonswereinfluentialinthedownfallof

threedynastiesinancientChina.Byanalysingstalagmites(石筍)fromacave,theywereabletomatchperiodsof

significantlyreducedrainfallwiththeendoftheTang,YuanandMingdynasties.Thisisthoughttoberelatedto

reducedriceproduction.

Buthowmightrainaffectsocialbehaviourinthemodernworld?InBritain,aresearchshowedthattheheavier

therainfall,thelowertherecordedcrime.Therewasastrongassociationbetweenheavyrainandviolence

includingfamilyviolence,asitwasfrequentlyfuelledbyalcohol.Itmaybethatheavyrainpreventpeoplefrom

goingouttobuyalcohol.

It'snotallgoodnewsthough.Onestudyin1997concludedthatthebehaviourofchildrencanpredictoncoming

storms-theywereobservedtoexhibittheirworstbehaviourwhenairpressurefell.

Anotherstudyin2012foundthatwomenarenegativelyaffectedpsychologicallybyrainandthattheyreport

muchlowerlevelsoflifesatisfactionthanmenonrainydays.

Forallthecomplaintsaboutrain,itdoeshavesomecharacteristicsthatholdattractiveness.Thesoundof

raindropscanbeverycomfortingandoftenfeaturesonsleep-inducingrelaxationCDs.Thetheorybehindthisis

thatthepitter-patterofraindropsisaformof"pinknoise",whichdecreasesbrainactivityandconsequently

improvesthequalityofsleep.Soifit'srainingwhereyouare,thebestthingtodomaybetocurlupandhavea

nap.

()8.Whyistheoldmanmentionedinthefirstparagraph?

A.Tointroducethetopic.

C.Todescribetheoldman'slife.

B.Topresenthisargument.

D.Toshowtheimportanceofsunlight.

()9.A2008researchfoundthat__________.

A.thesharpdropofrainfallledtotheendofTangDynasty

B.thefailureofricecropscausedthefallofthreedynasties

C.bystudyingstalagmites,wecouldknowwhyadynastycollapsed

D.rainfallmightplayaroleinthehistoricalprogressofacountry

()10.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.

A.mostmenarenotaffectedbyrainfall

B.childrencanpredictupcomingrainfall

C.familyviolencemayincreaseonrainydays

D.womenaremorelikelytofeeldownonrainydays

()11.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Theimportanceofrainfallforpeople.

B.Theinfluenceofrainfallonhumanbeings.

C.Theattractivenessandcharacteristicsofrainfall.

D.Theeffectsofrainfallonsocialbehavior.

(D)

MichaelMcFarlen,oneMichiganchefandtheVicePresidentofFoodandBeverageatFireKeepersCasino

Hotel,couldn'tstandthrowingawayperfectlygoodfoodanymoresinceheknewhowmanypeopleinhis

communityfacedfoodinsecurity.Sohedecidedtodosomething.

Atonepoint,McFarlendecidedtogetinvolvedwiththeSouthCentralFoodBankofMichiganInc.tohelpgive

backtothoseinneed.Afterthat,heknewhehadtodomoretohelphiscommunityandreducehisfoodwaste.

McFarlencameupwithaplantoopenarestaurantinthecommunitythatwouldalsohelpsupportafoodpantry

（儲(chǔ)藏室）.AfterpresentingtheideatoFireKeepersleadership,theyimmediatelyapprovedtheplanandagreedto

helpMcFarlenrealizehisdream.

InAprilof2016,theownersoftheFireKeepersCasinoHotelboughtFireStationNo.4,ahistoricfirehouse

neardowntownthathadbeenclosedforyearsandwasduetobepulleddown.Thegroupstartedtransformingthe

firestationintoarestaurantandfoodpantrytohelppeoplestrugglingfortheirnextmeal.

OnApril19,2017,therestaurantopenedtothepublicforthefirsttime.Atthesametime,thefoodpantry

openeditsdoorinthebackofthebuilding.

"It'sreallyunique,

KathyGeorge,anOfficerofFireKeepers,toldSecondWaveMedia."Anumberofcasinos

dooutreach,butwe'renotawareofanyonewhoactuallycreatedarestaurantandfoodpantrydirectly."

Thefirstyearofoperationwentbeyondtheirexpectations.Notonlydidtherestaurantattractcustomers,butthe

foodpantryhelpedmorepeoplethantheyeverimagined.

Apartfromprovidingthetypicalpantrygoods,McFarlenwantedtofigureoutawaytolowerfoodwasteatthe

CasinoHotel."Weflash-freezefoodfromthebuffet（自助餐）makefamilytraysoutofthem.Oncepackaged,

and

thefoodisdeliveredtofoodpantriesinthearea."Georgeexplained.

()12.Mcfarlencreatedarestaurantandfoodpantry.

A.toexpandthebusinessofFireKeepersCasinoHotel

B.torealizehisdreamofcreatinghisownrestaurantindustry

C.toassistthecountryinfightingpovertytogetherwithotherfoodpantries

D.tohelppeoplewithfoodinsecurityinhiscommunityandcutfoodwaste

()13.WhichwordscanbeusedtodescribeMcfarlen?

A.Smartandoutgoing.

B.Modestandwarm-hearted.

D.Cautiousandquick-minded.

C.Caringandthoughtful.

()14.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.FireStationNo.4waspulleddownandrebuiltasarestaurant.

B.Therestaurantandthepantrywentmoresuccessfullythanexpected.

C.TheSouthCentralFoodBankonlydealswithfoodleftinrestaurants.

D.SomeleadersatFireKeepersCasinoHoteldisapprovedMcFarlen'splan.

()15.WhatcanbeconcludedfromMcfarlen'sstory?

A.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.

B.Achievemanythingsatonestroke.

C.Theoryshouldbecombinedwithpractice.

D.Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.

第二節(jié)（本題共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Educationhasalwaysbeenahottopic.Howtoeducatechildrencanbeasweetbutpainstakingtaskforparents,

manyofwhomtrytooffertheirchildrenthebestenvironment.Competitionbetweenparentsoverchildren's

educationmaystartfromthekindofanimatedserieschildrenwatch.___16___Bywatchingtheformer,

childrencanlearnEnglishatthesametime.However,thisdoesnotmeanthosewatchingforeignshowsperform

betterthanthosewatchingChineseones.___17___TheycanhelpchildrenlearntraditionalChinesecultureand

history.TakeJourneytotheWestforexample.___18____

Bywatchingthisshow,childrencanlearnmoreaboutthehistoryoftheTangDynastyandthedevelopmentof

BuddhistcultureinChina.Foreignshowscanopenawindowforchildrentogainabetterunderstandingofthe

outsideworld.So,childrenoughttobeencouragedtowatchbothaslongasthecontentoftheshowisbeneficial.

Thiscanalsobeappliedtootherthingsbeyondanimatedseries.___19__However,someparentsfailtodo

this.Theirincorrectviewcanmoreorlessleaveaninfluenceontheirchildren.Innocentchildren,influencedby

theirparents,slowlyholdtheviewthatwatchingforeignshowsisbetterthanwatchingChineseshows.___20___

A.Chineseshowshavetheirownadvantages.

B.Foreignanimatedseriesarealwaysthefirstchoiceforparents.

C.Childrenoftenfollowtheirparents'advicewhenchoosinganimatedseries.

D.Forexample,childrencanbeencouragedtoreadfolktalesathomeandabroad.

E.Oncetheviewisformedinchildren'sminds,parents'educationprovesafailure.

F.ThisshowisbasedononeofthefourgreatclassicalnovelsofChineseliterature.

G.Forsomeparents,watchingforeignanimatedshowsisbetterthanwatchingChineseones.

二、語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)(共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分)

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

Computerhackers（黑客）havenowgottheirhandsonmobilephones.Aphonevirus

（病毒）programcan21

yourphonedothingsyouhavenocontrolover,computersecurityexperts22.

Itmight23

theWhiteHouseorthepolice,orforwardyourpersonaladdressbooktoamarketingcompany.

anderasingyourpersonal

Oritcouldsimplyeatintothephone'soperatingsoftware,turningit24

information.

Similarviruseshavealreadymademobilephoneowners25

inJapanandEurope.

MrHypponen,chieftechnicalofficerofacomputersecurityinFin-landsaidavirus"cangetyour

sendthemsomewhereelse.Anditcanrecordyour27."

26

and

Mobilesarenowabletosurfthenet,sende-mailsand

28software.Sotheyareeasy

29

forthesame

hackerswhohavesentvirusestocomputersoverthepastdecade.

"It'stechnically30

now,"saidStephenTrilling,directorofre-searchatanti-virus31.

"Ifthephoneisconnectedtothe32,itcantbeusedtotransmitthreatsand33justasanycomputercan."

InJapan,ifyouopenedacertaine-mailmessage

34

yourmobile,itwouldcausethephonetorepeatedly

35

thenationalemergencynumber.

Sophoneoperatorshadto36

emergencycallsuntilthe37wasremoved.

InEurope,mobile'sshortmessageservice,38,SMS,hasbeenusedtosendcodesthatcoulddamage39.

Mobileuserscan40virus,ofcourse,bystickingtotheirtraditionalphoneswithoutWeblinks,someexperts

said.

()21.A.get

()22.A.speak

B.force

B.talk

C.make

C.tell

D.damage

D.say

D.call

()23.A.lead

()24.A.off

()25.A.interested

B.cause

B.out

C.control

C.down

D.on

B.angry

B.passages

C.excited

C.news

D.terrified

D.information

D.address

D.develop

D.targets

D.valuable

()26.A.messages

()27.A.voice

B.passwords

B.destroy

B.tasks

B.possible

B.software

C.music

C.download

C.subjects

C.useful

C.computer

C.Internet

C.hit

()28.A.make

()29.A.jobs

()30.A.impossible

()31.A.hardware

()32.A.computer

()33.A.strike

()34.A.in

D.equipment

D.radio

D.attack

D.with

B.television

B.visit

B.by

B.dial

B.ban

C.on

C.count

C.stop

()35.A.send

()36.A.cancel

()37.A.bug

()38.A.and

D.press

D.prevent

D.e-mail

D.but

B.mistake

B.nor

C.fault

C.or

C.TVs

C.kill

()39.A.recorders

B.computers

B.avoid

D.phones

D.find

()40.A.stop

第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Asyouknow,scienceplays___41___veryimportantroleinoureducation.Doyouwanttokeep

up___42___thelatestresearchanddiscoveriesinscience?Therearemanygoodwebsites___43__youcancheck

outthelatestinthescienceworld.

OnegreatsiteisScienceNewsforKids.Thissitereportssciencenews___44___(cover)awiderangeof

subjects.Thearticlesareintendedforyoungerreaders,butadultswillfindthissite___45___(suit)forthemas

well.Anotherwonderfulsite,onethatIcheckouteveryday,___46___(call)ScienceDaily.Thesiteis___47___

(constant)updatedwithnews,oftenaboutexciting___48___(find)thatchangehowweviewtheworld.

Thesesitespostthelateststoriesandalsokeepallthepastarticlesthey___49___(post)earlier.Thatwayyou

canfindarticlesjustaboutanythingthat___50___(be)relatedtothesciencefieldsyouareinterestedin.

三、寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）

第一節(jié)（滿分15分）

假設(shè)你是晨光中學(xué)的高中生李華。你校擬選拔一些優(yōu)秀學(xué)生，利用暑期到晨曦希望小學(xué)為學(xué)生輔

導(dǎo)英語。你希望參加此活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下提示，用英語給校評(píng)選組寫一封申請(qǐng)信：

1.對(duì)此活動(dòng)的認(rèn)識(shí)(如對(duì)本人、學(xué)生及社會(huì)的益處等)

2.個(gè)人優(yōu)勢(shì)(如性格、獨(dú)立生活能力、語言能力等)

3.你的計(jì)劃(如怎樣進(jìn)行輔導(dǎo)等)

注意：1.詞數(shù)不少于80;

2.可適當(dāng)加入細(xì)節(jié)，以使內(nèi)容充實(shí)、行文連貫;

3.信的開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入詞數(shù)。

參考詞匯：晨曦希望小學(xué)ChenxiHopeSchool

DearSir/Madam,

I'm

LiHua

from

Class

One

Senior

Two.

As

far

as

I'm

concerned,

__________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________

____

Sincerely,

LiHua

第二節(jié)（滿分25分）

閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

ThiseveningasIwasleavingasupermarketwhereIhadjustboughtmanydailynecessitiesandfood,Inoticed

thismangoingthroughthegarbagecanoutsideofthestore.AsIwalkedtomycarIwatchedhimashereachedin

thegarbagecanandpulledoutfastfoodtrashbagsandinspectedallthatwasinthethrown-awaybags.Hedidthis

forseveralminutes.Hewouldfindafewfriesinonebagandabiteortwoofahamburgerinanother.Youcansee

thehamburgerwrapperbyhiskneewherehewasplacingthefooditemshe'dfound.

Heneverbotheredanyoneortriedtostopandbegformoneyaspeopleenteredandleftthestore.Afterhewent

throughtheentiretrashcanheneatlycleaneduptheareaandwrappedupthefoodhefoundinthedirty

hamburgerwrapper.Myheartliterallyhurtforhim.Iamnotsomeonewhojusthandsoutmoneyorevenhelps

homelesspeoplebecausesomanyarenottrulyhomeless.Idon'tguessI'veeverseensomeoneactuallygo

throughagarbagecantotrytofindfoodtoeat