主從復(fù)合句由一個(gè)主句和一個(gè)及以上的從句構(gòu)成。主句為句子的主體，從句只用作句子的一個(gè)次要成分，通常由關(guān)聯(lián)詞引導(dǎo)，將從句和主句聯(lián)系在一起從句在句子中作狀語(yǔ)的成分則為狀語(yǔ)從句，其位置可能在主句前/中/后

Whenhesawthethief,ourneighbourbegantoshout．Ourneighbourbegantoshout(,)whenhesawthethief．Ourneighbour,

whenhesawthethief,begantoshout.觀察例句狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)間狀從地點(diǎn)狀從條件狀從方式狀從原因狀從結(jié)果狀從目的狀從讓步狀從對(duì)比狀從引導(dǎo)詞when(ever),as,while,after,before,since,by,till,until,once

Whilehewasstudying,Iwasplayinggames.assoonas/themoment/theminute/thesecond/theinstant=immediately/directly/instantly

IwassotiredthatIfellasleepthemomentmyheadtouchedthepillow.thefirst(second...)time/lasttime/nexttime…;each/everytime…

EverytimeIseehim,heseemstobeworkinghardathislessons.特殊句式Hardly/Rarely/Scarcely/Barelyhadsb.done…when…did=Nosoonerhadsb.done…than…did剛一…就…

Hardlyhadhegottothetopwhenthesunjumpedoutfrombehindthecloud....not…until…=Itis/wasnotuntil…that…=Notuntil…+倒裝…

Hedidn’tgotobeduntilhefinishedhishomework.Itis/hasbeen+段時(shí)間+since+n./時(shí)間點(diǎn)/did（不）做…已有…之久”did為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，表“做某事已經(jīng)有多久了”

IthasbeenthreeyearssinceIbegantolearnEnglish.did為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，表“不做某事已經(jīng)有多久”

IthasbeenthreeyearssinceIlearnedEnglish.注意：時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句不允許使用將來(lái)時(shí)，而應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在時(shí)替代Whenyoufinishthework,youmaygoouttoplaywithSam.時(shí)間狀從(天津卷)___theaverageageofthepopulationincreases,therearemoreandmoreoldpeopletocarefor.

(上海卷)___myauntgainedherdiplomaafterfouryearsofhardwork,shewasfilledwithjoy.(全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Ihadhardlygottotheoffice___mywifephonedmetogobackhomeatonce.(重慶卷)Ifyoumissthischance,itmaybeyears___yougetanotherone.

(北京卷)Asisreported,itis/hasbeen100years___TsinghuaUniversitywasfounded.(北京卷)Shedidn’tstartthelesson___thepupilssettleddown.(北京卷)___youhavefinishedthisbook,yourmealwillgetcold.練習(xí)1地點(diǎn)狀從引導(dǎo)詞:where/wherever/anywhere/everywhere

Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.1.Located____theBeltmeetstheRoad,JiangsuwillcontributemoretotheBeltandRoadconstruction.2.Istillrememberthescene____wegotseparatedonarainyday.3.Heaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriver_____hecouldfindthelegendaryartist.4.Ifyouhappentogetlostinthewild,you’dbetterstay______youareandwaitforhelp.A．why B．where C．who D．what5.______hegoes,hebringshappinessandlaughtertopeople.A．Wherever B．Whichever C．However D．Whatever練習(xí)2條件狀從引導(dǎo)詞if/onconditionthat/unless/once/as(so)longasifonly/ifever引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句一般單獨(dú)使用，表示無(wú)法實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望IfonlyIcouldhaveayearoff.Provided/Providing/Granted/Granting;Suppose/SupposingProvidingthatyourparentsarehere,whatwillyoudo？1.Theyagreedtolendusthecar_______wereturneditinonepiece. A.onconditionthat B.ifonly C.when D.unless

2.Owenwouldn’teatanything________hecookedithimself. A.until B.since C.unless D.while3.James,Idon’tmindlendingyouthemoney____youpayitbackwithinamonth. A.although B.nowthat C.unless D.aslongas4.____Ihelpyouwiththemoneyproblem,whatIcangetfromit?A.Suppose B.Supposed C.Grant D.Grantit5.___Ihadthemoneyoftheworld!IcouldbuyeverythingIwant. A.Ifonly B.Onlyif C.Justbecause D.Since練習(xí)3方式狀從asDothehomeworkasItoldyou!asif/asthoughShecovershereyesasifsheiscrying.asfarasAsfarasI’mconcerned,sheisagreatteacher.練習(xí)41.Sheusuallytookawalkalongtheriverside_____hermotherdidbeforeshewentabroad.A.justlike B.justas C.thewaylike D.which2._______Iknow,therearemorethanadozenofsmartphonebrandsinthemarket.3.Whenwereachedthemall,Igavehimthemoney_____requestedandaddedagentlepatonhisback.4.Heacted_______nothinghadhappened.從他的舉止行為看，似乎什么也沒(méi)發(fā)生過(guò)5.Theytreather_______sheweretheirdaughter.他們待她如親生女兒一樣原因狀從because/since/as/nowthat(=since)/inthat(=because)Iwon’tgoouttoday,becauseI’vegotsomuchhomeworktodo.Seeing/Regarding/Considering+thatSeeingthatyouaretooyoungandinexperienced,wewillgowithoutyou.注意：because/as/since與表原因的并列連詞for的區(qū)別because表示原因的語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)，常表示必然的因果關(guān)系；回答why及強(qiáng)調(diào)句中只能用becausesince(既然)表示對(duì)方已經(jīng)知道、無(wú)需說(shuō)明的原因或事實(shí)，語(yǔ)氣比because弱，常常譯成“既然”as(因?yàn)?表示一般的因果關(guān)系，語(yǔ)氣比since弱，也沒(méi)有since正式，與since類似用于說(shuō)明比較明顯的或者不重要的原因，常譯成“由于”“鑒于”for(因?yàn)?是并列連詞，語(yǔ)氣較弱，用來(lái)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明理由或提供一種解釋練習(xí)51.Ireallyenjoylisteningtomusic_____ithelpsmerelaxandtakesmymindawayfromtroubles.2.Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,workingtopayhertuition(學(xué)費(fèi)),_____therewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.3.____wehavetalkedaboutitmanytimes,Idon’tthinkitneedsfurtherdiscussion.4.Yesterdaywasacrazyday.Ifeltverytired______Ihadtonsofworkstuffgoingon. A.

because B.before C.unless D.until5._____gaspricesarerising,peoplearelookingforlessexpensivewaystogetaround. A.Nowthat B.Evenif C.Although D.Unless結(jié)果/程度狀從引導(dǎo)詞sothatHespeaksfluentEnglishsothateveryonebelieveshimtobeanativespeaker.so/such…thatHeworkssohardthathesavesnotimeforhisgirlfriend.somuchsothatMaryadoresthestarsomuchsothatshethinksheisherwholeworld.練習(xí)61.ScientistsinLouisianaweresoconcerned_______theydecidedtopayhunterstokilltheanimal.2.Somepeoplebecamesoabsorbedintheactivity_______theycompletelyforgottolookattheclock.3.Huntingelephantswassoprofitable______from1979to1989thenumberofelephantsinAfricafellfrom1.3millionto600,000.4.Well-educatedemployeescanundertakemostcommonjobseasily,________theefficiencyofthesocietyisguaranteed.A.

sothat B.evenif C.inthat D.asif5.Hewassosurprisedattheway_________Lucyspoketohim_______hedidn’tknowwhattosay.A.which;that B.what;that C.that;that D.that;which目的狀從sothat…/inorderthat…/inthehopethat使用can/could/may/might表虛擬

Hegotupearliersothathecouldcatchthefirsttrain.incase(that)…/forfear(that).../lest使用(should)do表虛擬

Bringanumbrellawithyouincasethatitshouldrain練習(xí)71.Let’snotpickthesepeachesuntilthisweekend_______theygetsweetenoughtobeeaten. A.incase B.asif C.eventhough D.sothat2.Themanhidhimselfbehindthedoorwaiting______nootherpeoplecouldseehimtalkingwithhismanagerabouthispromotion.A.sothatB.inthat C.incase D.nowthat3.Speaktohimslowly______hemayunderstandyoubetter.4.Hehadhiscameraready_____

hesawsomethingthatwouldmakeagoodpicture.

5.Ihadtorunaway_____hemightonedaykillme.讓步狀從although/though/as/whileCleveras/thoughheis,heneverworkshard.注意：Although引導(dǎo)從句不倒，though引導(dǎo)從句可倒，as引導(dǎo)從句必倒evenif/eventhoughEvenifyoupaythedebtforme,Iwillnotthankyoubecauseithasnothingtodowithme.whether…or…“無(wú)論…與否”Whetherhecomesornot,Iwillstarttoday’swork.疑問(wèn)詞+ever=nomatter+疑問(wèn)詞Whoeveryouare,youshouldalwaysabidethelaw.注意：疑問(wèn)詞+ever還可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句練習(xí)8____TCMhasbeenwidelyaccepted,itstillfaceschallenges.____you’relookingatwallpaperorpaint,thetimeandeffortputintoitareimportant.____happensorwherevershegoes,shekeepsherdutyinmind.Child____heis,heknowsalot.（=Althoughheisachild,heknowsalot.）Wewon’tbediscouraged____wefailtentimes.Nomatter_____expensiveitmaybe,I’lltakeit.____youbelieveitornot,it’strue.WhenIunderstandwhatyousay,Ican’tagreewithyou.Pleasecallmysecretarytoarrangeameetingthisafternoon,orwhileitisconvenienttoyou.Strangealthoughtheproblemwas,westillfoundthesolution.對(duì)比狀從引導(dǎo)詞whileWhileyouhaveenoughmoney,youdonothavehappiness.while只用于句首whenHewalkedwhenhemightride.含多此一舉之感whereasSomeofthestudiesshowpositiveresults,whereasothersdonot.because與so；(al)though與but；

if與so不可以在一個(gè)句子中成對(duì)出現(xiàn)在時(shí)間、條件、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，

遵守“主將從現(xiàn)”原則狀語(yǔ)從句中成分的省略當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從句主從句主語(yǔ)一致或從句主語(yǔ)是it，且從句謂語(yǔ)為

be動(dòng)詞的各種形式，可以省去從句主語(yǔ)和be

If(heis)hurt,hewillalwaysfindsomeoneelsetohurt.注意練習(xí)9AlthoughIthinkitiscorrect,butIhaven’tcheckedtheinformationyet.Ifyoudon’tunderstandsomething,soyoumayresearch,study,andtalktootherpeopleuntilyoufigureitout.

Becausehecouldnotpaymeback,soIbeathimbrutally.Shallwegotowatchthefilmifyouwillbeavailable?Whenheaskedthequestion,Jerrystoodupandkeptsilent.Hewillhelpusdoit,ifisnecessary.Whilewalkthedog,youshouldalwaysbringyourleash.找出下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤并修改鞏固練習(xí)1.Intheglobaleconomy,anewdrugforcancer,_______itisdiscovered,willcreatemanyeconomicpossibilities. A.whatever B.whoever C.wherever D.whichever2.One’slifehasvalue______onebringsvaluetothelifeofothers. A.sothat B.nomatterhow C.aslongas D.exceptthat3.Itookmydrivinglicensewithmeonholiday,_______Iwantedtohireacar. A.incase B.