2022屆高考英語備考：做閱讀理解，過課標(biāo)詞匯(2)

第一fl閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

3WaystoTakeonMoreResponsibilityatWork

Pushingyourselfoutofyourcomfortzonetotakeonmoreresponsibilityisagreat

waytogrowinyourcareer,enablingyoutomakerealprogress.Sogiveyourselfa

challenge,andtrythese3waystostepupandletco-workersseeyoushine!

BecomeanExpert

Takeinnewknowledgecontinuouslyandstayaheadinyourfield.Ifyou'reseenas

anexpertinaparticularsubject,you'remorelikelytobeneededfornewprojects

comingup.Whenyoufindarticlesaboutyourteamswork,sendthemoutthemain

content.You'llbehelpingallofyourteammateslookbetterandkeepupwiththelatest

industrynews,whichcangainyoualotoftrustasateamplayer.

ThinkandActEarlier

Sometimesyoucantwaitforsomeoneelsetogiveyouthegreenlight.Thinkahead,

anddowhatneedstobedonebeforesomeoneasksyou(orsomeoneelse)todoit.Start

withtasksthathavebeenforgottenandvolunteertofindsolutionstothem.Yourworkwill

bevalued.Mindyou,keepyourbosstimelyposted!

StartWiththeFunthings

Signupforextra-curricularactivities,beitthesoftballteamorthebody-buildingclub.

Showyourleadershipskillsthereandgettoknowmorepeopleatworkasafirststep

towardsworkingresponsibility.Plus,itcanbegoodforyourco-workerstogettoknow

yououtsideofyourworkingenvironment.

1.Whatisanimportantwaytoachievecareergrowth?

A.Topushyourself.

B.Tomakerealprogress.

C.Tobemoreresponsible.

D.Tochallengeotherstodebates.

2.Whatshouldbeyourfirststeptothinkandactearlier?

A.Togettheundonedonevoluntarily.

B.Torusharedlight.

C.Totellyourbosseverythingyouknow.

D.Towaitforyourbossagreement.

3.Howcanyougetyourco-workerstoknowyououtsidework?

A.Bytalkingaboutfuntopics.

B.Bysteppingintheirwork.

C.Byknowingmoreaboutthem.

D.Byjoininginextra-curricularactivities.

B

Asaparent,youmayhavetoputupwithyourchild'stiringextracurricularactivity

scheduletoprovidehimwiththechancetoexploreahobbyanddeveloplifeskills.While

extracurricularactivitiescansurelybeagoodwayforyourkidtoimprovehimself,they

canalsoseriouslyinfluencethequalityofhischildhood.

SchoolPerformanceMayBecomeWorse

Oneoftheproblemsbroughtbytoomanyextracurricularactivitiesisthatyourchild's

gradescanbegintofall,accordingtopsychologistTomFerraro,Ph.D.Whentimefor

sleepandhomeworkisreduced,itisalmostunavoidablethatschoolworkquality

becomesworse.Whileyourchildisinschool,keepingfocusongradesishismost

importantjob.Ifextracurricularactivitiesbegintotakeoverhislife,hecouldevenrisk

notgraduatingfromhighschool.

LossofOtherFun

Justlikeadults,yourkidisoftenattractedtoaparticularactivity.Ifheoverlyprefers

anextracurricularactivity,hecouldbecomeaddictedtoit.Hewillfindithardtoquitand

findnotimeforthingsmoresuitableforhim,forexample,experiencingoutdoor

adventuresandreadingthegreatworksofliteraturerecommendedbysomeeditors.

MedicalProblems

Obviously,toomanyextracurricularactivitiesmayinvitephysicalproblems—say,if

yourchildistootiredinballetpracticeandcompletesamovementincorrectly—sickness

andtiredness.Highexpectationsfromhimself,you,friends,thechallengesand

teacherscanalsoleadtohealthproblems.

FindingaBalance

Ifyoustillwanttoputyourkidinanextracurricularactivity,focusonabalance

betweenschoolandtimeforthefamilyandrelaxation.Expertsfoundthat,ofthe10,

00015-and16-year-oldU.S.children,thosewhohadextracurricularactivitiesnotmore

than1.5hoursperdayactuallyshowedmoregoodacademicresults.

4.Forwhomisthepassagewritten?

A.Teachers.

B.Parents.

C.Grandparents.

D.Youths.

5.WhatmightTomFerrarosupport?

A.Homeworkshouldbereduced.

B.Gradesshouldn'tbethemostimportantthingforkids.

C.Kidsshouldn'thavetoomanyextracurricularactivities.

D.Kidsshouldjoininmoreextracurricularactivities.

6.Whatistheproblemwithakidwhoisagameaddict?

A.Hewillloseotherfun.

B.Hewillbephysicallysick.

C.Hecantgraduatefromhighschool.

D.Hisschoolperformancewillgetworse.

7.Howmanyhoursatmostdoexpertsrecommendkidstospendonextracurricular

activitieseveryweek?

A.1.5hours.B.8.5hours.C.15hours.D.10.5hours.

c

TroubledTeens：ConfusingYears

Inthepast,peoplethoughtthatteensbehaviourduringtheteenageyearswas

directlyconnectedtophysicalchangestheystarttoexperienceattheageof12,which

makesthemfeelstrangewiththeirbodychangesandconfusesthem.Today,

adolescence（青春期）isthoughttostartwiththefirsttimechildrenwanttotrydoingthings

ontheirown,sometimeasearlyastheageof3.

Ifteenagersseemconfusedtoyou,itismainlybecausetheyhavereachedapoint

intheirlifewhentheyneedtodecidewhotheyare,whattheythink,whattheylikeor

hate,whattheirbeliefsareandwhattheywanttobelateroninlife.Thesedecisionsare

difficult.Iknowmanyadultswhohavenotcompletedthattaskyet,sothisisnoteasyfor

a12-year-oldtodo,althoughtheyareexpectedtoknowsomethingaboutit.

Oneofthechallengesparentshavetofacewhendealingwiththeyounggeneration

isthattheydonotreallyunderstandwhatissoconfusingaboutlife.Itismainlybecause

theyhaveforgottentheirthoughtsandfeelingsduringthattimeintheirownlife.Some

parentsbecomeunfamiliarwiththesethoughtswhentheynolongerhavetodealwith

them.Someconsidertheirownteenbehaviorassomethingshamefulandavoiddealing

withit.Onlythebraveparentskeepthesememoriestomakesuretheywillnotrepeat

theirparents'■mistakes".

Aroundtheageof10,beliefsthatwerepartofchildren'sidentityarenowlikea

brokenplateandtheyneedtoputthepiecestogetherandachieveapeacefulmind.Kids

withhighwithahighEQ（情商）candothat,butmostcannot,sotheyhavetoaskfor

helpfromthosewhohavebeenthereanddonethat.

8.Whatmarksthestartofadolescencetoday?

A.Theageofthree.

B.Thestrangefeelingaboutthebody.

C.Thefirsttimetotrytodothingsindependently.

D.Thefirstexperienceinphysicalchanges.

9.Whatmightbeadifficultdecisionforteenagers?

A.Todecideonwhattowear.

B.Tocompletethetasksgiventothem.

C.Toacceptwhatothersthinkofthem.

D.Tothinkaboutwhattodointhefuture.

10.Whatisdifficultforparentswhendealingwiththeirkids?

A.Tounderstandtheirkids.

B.Toforgettheirownfeelings.

C.Tofocusonthepast.

D.Tofacetheirpastbehavior.

11.Whathappenstokidsaroundage10accordingtothelastparagraph?

A.Theycantgethelpfromtheoldgeneration.

B.Theycantbelievewhattheyusedtobelieve.

C.Theyhavetolearnhowtorepairbrokenplates.

D.Theyneedtothinkabouthowtoachievemore.

D

"Everyoneprocrastinates（拖延）.Itspartofthehumancondition,"says

procrastinationresearcherTimPychyl,apsychologyprofessoratCarleton

University/'Oneofthewayswedealwiththingsistoavoid,andthat'swhat

procrastinationcomesdownto：Wewanttofeelgoodnow."

Researchhasshownthatthetoptaskspeopleoftenputoffarecleaningup,

advancingtheircareers,takingcareoftheirhealth,andmanagingtheirmoney.Atthe

endoftheday—ormonth!—mostpeoplegettheirtasksdoneontime,butaround20

percentareseriousprocrastinatorsathomeandatwork.Onebigreasonforthemisfear

offailure,ofnotlivinguptoexpectations.

KelliSaginak,a57-year-oldhealthcoachfromWisconsin,procrastinatedabout

lookingforanewjobforyears.Notbeingabletotakeactiononlymakesherbelievethat

shewouldneverdoanybetter."Itstotallyfearofjudgment,"saysSaginak."IfIdon'ttake

therisk,decide,ormakeeffort,Idon'thavetofacethejudgment.Yetitssimplyme

judgingmyself."

Somepeopletakeprocrastinationforgranted,believingthattheythriveunder

pressure.Researchers,however,havetheveryoppositeresults."!didanexperiment

severalyearsago,puttingprocrastinatorsundertimelimit,"saysJosephFerrari,a

psychologyprofessoratDePaulUniversity/'Althoughtheyhadtheirexcellent

self-evaluationafterwards,theyactuallydidworsethannon-procrastinators.Theymade

moremistakesandtooklongertime/'Whateverthereason,procrastinationisusuallynot

goingtobegoodforyou.

12.WhatcausesprocrastinationaccordingtoTimPychyl?

A.Tofollowothers.

B.Toavoidtrouble.

C.Tokeepfeelinggood.

D.Todelaythework.

13.Whydidn'tKelliSaginaklookforajobforyears?

A.Becauseshecoulddonothing.

B.Becauseshewasunhealthy.

C.Becauseshewastooold.

D.Becauseshefearedtobejudged.

14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"thrive"inParagraph4probablymean?

A.Performpoorly.

B.Performwell.

C.Performnormally.

D.Failtoperform.

15.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?

A.Whypeopleprocrastinate?

B.Howtoavoidprocrastination?

C.Whatisprocrastination?

D.Whoprocrastinates?

第二gf閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有

兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Asacomparisontooureffortstowardssuccess,weoftenexpectmuchmoreand

wantsuccesstoknockatourdoorsverysoon.16.Greatpeople,however,would

continuetochallengethemselves.Nothingcouldeverstopthemontheirwaysto

success.

17.Thecompanywasstartedwithonlytwopersonsinagarage（車庫）.In1985,

thisgreatfounderwasfiredfromthecompanywhichhehadstarted.However,henever

quitit.Knowinghisabilityandtasteinmovieindustry,hefocusedonmoviemakingand

camebackwithPixar,thetycoon（巨頭）incartoonproduction.

BillGatesstartedabusinessknownasTraf-O-Datain1970,whichwasoneofthe

biggestfailuresinhislife.18.ButforGates,itwasmoreimportanttolearnthe

lessonsfromfailuresthantoearnmoney.In1975,hesuccessfullysetupabiggest

softwarecompanywiththebrandname'Microsoft.

AlbertEinsteinoncesaidthatsomeonewhohasneverfailedcannottrulybea

successfulperson.Duringchildhood,hesufferedfromcontinuousfailures.19,

afterwhichhewasexpelled（開除）fromtheschool.HisdreamtoZurichPolytechnic

Schoolwasalsonotrealised.But,throughendlessefforts,heprovedhimselfasa

giftedpersoninscienceandfinallywontheNobelPrizeforPhysicsin1921.

J.K.Rowlingisknownforthebest-sellingHarryPotterbooks.InaspeechatHarvard,

shetalkedaboutherunsuccessfulmarriagelifeandajoblesssituation.Itwassucha

difficultsituationwithoutalifepartnerandajobtosurvivethatforcedhertostartanew

lifeasawriter.20.

A.Allhismoneywenttonothing

B.Herworksfinallyledhertosuccess

C.Yet,shekeptonimprovingherwriting

D.Hecouldn'tspeakfluentlytillagenine

E.Ifthisdoesnothappen,weoftenbecomesad

F.VincentVanGoghdiedatanearlyageofonly37yearsold

G.SteveJobsisknownasthefatherofApple,oneofthebiggestcompanies

參考答案與解析

第一節(jié)

(A)本文鼓勵(lì)職場(chǎng)新手勇于挑戰(zhàn)自己承擔(dān)更多責(zé)任，并給出三條具體建議。

1.C從第一段第一句話Pushingyourselfoutofyourcomfortzonetotakeonmore

responsibilityisagreatwaytogrowinyourcareer可知，挑戰(zhàn)自我以承擔(dān)更多責(zé)任是職業(yè)

成長(zhǎng)的好方法，故選C項(xiàng)。

2.A從第三段Startwithtasksthathavebeenforgottenandvolunteertofind

solutionstothem可知，早點(diǎn)思考并行動(dòng)的第一步是把被遺忘的任務(wù)積極主動(dòng)完成，故選A

項(xiàng)。

3.D從最后一段可知，參加業(yè)余活動(dòng)可以讓同事們了解工作環(huán)境之外的你，故選D項(xiàng)。

高中課標(biāo)詞匯

(B)本文通過不同層面闡述過多的課外活動(dòng)對(duì)學(xué)生造成的影響，建議家長(zhǎng)進(jìn)行控制。

4.B由文章首句"Asaparent,you…”和全文的人稱代詞you或yourkids可知，該文

是嘉給家長(zhǎng)的。

5.C由第二段第一句Oneoftheproblemsbroughtbytoomanyextracurricular

activitiesisthatyourchild'sgradescanbegintofall,accordingtopsychologistTom

Ferraro,Ph.D.可知，TomFerraro認(rèn)為太多的課外活動(dòng)會(huì)影響學(xué)生的成績(jī)，由此可以推

斷出TomFerraro不支持過多的課外活動(dòng)，故選C項(xiàng)。

6.A由第三段的小標(biāo)題LossofOtherFun及第三句Hewillfindithardtoquitandfind

notimeforthingsmoresuitableforhim,forexample,experiencingoutdooradventures

andreadingthegreatworksofliteraturerecommendedbysomeeditors可知,任何——項(xiàng)

吸引孩子以致其上癮的活動(dòng)，都會(huì)導(dǎo)致孩子沒有時(shí)間去參與其它活動(dòng)，會(huì)使其錯(cuò)失其它的

樂趣，故選A項(xiàng)。

7.D由最后一段中的thosewhohadextracurricularactivitiesnotmorethan1.5hours

perdayactuallyshowedmoregoodacademicresults可知每天的課外活動(dòng)時(shí)間最好不要

超過1.5小時(shí)，每周不要超過10.5小時(shí)，故選D項(xiàng)。

高中課標(biāo)詞匯

(C)本文通過闡述青少年時(shí)期未成年人和家長(zhǎng)所面對(duì)的困境來說明迷惘的青春也是成

長(zhǎng)的必由之路。

8.C由第一段第二句Today,adolescenceisthoughttostartwiththefirsttime

childrenwanttotrydoingthingsontheirown可知，如今人們認(rèn)為青春期從孩子們第一次

嘗試獨(dú)立做事開始，故選C項(xiàng)。

9.D由第二段第——、二句Ifteenagersseemconfusedtoyou,itismainlybecause

theyhavereachedapointintheirlifewhentheyneedtodecidewhotheyare,whatthey

think,whattheylikeorhate,whattheirbeliefsareandwhattheywanttobelateronin

life.Thesedecisionsaredifficult可知,決定自己是誰、想什么、喜歡什么或討厭什么、信

仰什么以及在以后的生活中想要成為什么樣的人是青少年們覺得困難的決定。選項(xiàng)D包含

在whattheywanttobelateroninlife之中，故選D項(xiàng)。

10.A通過第三段第一句Oneofthechallengesparentshavetofacewhendealing

withtheirkidsisthattheydonotreallyunderstandwhatissoconfusingaboutlife可知，

父母在解決孩子問題是最大的挑戰(zhàn)就是不知道他們因什么而困惑，故選A項(xiàng)。

11.B由最后一段第一句Aroundtheageof10,beliefsthatwerepartofchildren's

identityarenowlikeabrokenplateandtheyneedtoputthepiecestogetherandachieve

apeacefulmind可知，10歲左右，過去相信的東西現(xiàn)在看上去如同一個(gè)破碎的盤子，他們

需要把這些碎片拼起來，以獲得內(nèi)心的平靜。意即，他們現(xiàn)在不再相信過去他們?cè)?jīng)相信

的東西。故選B項(xiàng)。

高中課標(biāo)詞匯

(D)本文說明人們拖延的原因。

12.C從第一段的Oneofthewayswedealwiththingsistoavoid,andthat'swhat

procrastinationcomesdownto：Wewanttofeelgoodnow可知，TimPychyl認(rèn)為我們

應(yīng)對(duì)事情的方法之一是逃避，其實(shí)質(zhì)是，我們想要感覺良好，故選C項(xiàng)。

13.D從第