備戰(zhàn)2021屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)題型專練（新高考）07

應(yīng)用文體類閱讀理解

【命題意圖】閱讀理解從能力的角度來講，考查學(xué)生運(yùn)用英語的能力，具體

地說，就是通過閱讀有關(guān)文章提取有用信息的能力。

【考試方向】全國高考英語考試說明明確指出，要求考生讀懂一般性話題的筒短文字材

料，例如公告、說明、廣告以及書、報(bào)、雜志中的簡短文章，這說明了應(yīng)用文文體在高考英

語中的重要性。這個特點(diǎn)在歷年高考試題中有明顯的印證，不管是全國高考卷，還是省區(qū)高

考卷中基本每年都涉及應(yīng)用文文體的考查，這充分體現(xiàn)了"為用而學(xué)，學(xué)以致用"的新課程

理念。因此，考生很有必要認(rèn)真研讀閱讀理解中應(yīng)用文的特征和命題特點(diǎn)，并掌握一定的解

題方法。本文擬結(jié)合近年高考英語全國卷閱讀理解中所涉及的應(yīng)用文文體，幫助考生提高閱

讀理解的解題能力。

應(yīng)用文是在日常工作和生活中使用的文體，通常以實(shí)用性為目的、以真實(shí)性為基礎(chǔ)、以

時效性為根本、以規(guī)范性為準(zhǔn)則。該文體一般可分為兩大類：一類是說明性應(yīng)用文，包括廣

告、啟事、海報(bào)、守則、公告、指南、個人簡歷、備忘錄、摘要等；另一類是敘述性應(yīng)用文,

如書信、日記、便條、報(bào)告、請?zhí)取Ｄ康亩际窍蜃x者傳輸信息。高考試題主要涉及宣傳廣

告、公告類應(yīng)用文，偶爾也會有書信類文章出現(xiàn)。從近三年高考全國卷閱讀理解中應(yīng)用文的

話題分布情況可知，前一類是應(yīng)用文命題的首選題材，其中包括廣告、海報(bào)和指南等。

在高考英語閱讀理解中應(yīng)用文體的考查主要有如下幾個特點(diǎn)：

1.就文體特點(diǎn)而言，應(yīng)用文主要是為了向讀者傳遞信息，措辭簡潔明了，一般來說，

和所述問題無關(guān)的文字不會出現(xiàn)。例如很多文章沒有標(biāo)題，甚至通篇沒有一個完整的句子，

而是用詞、數(shù)字、縮寫、短語等來替代。

2.就選材特點(diǎn)來說，信息量大，文句精練，形式靈活，用最小的篇幅表述最大量的信息。

其中書信，招聘和商品銷售等廣告，交通運(yùn)輸時刻表，日記等的比例較大。其內(nèi)容特點(diǎn)表現(xiàn)

為：生活化，實(shí)用化，多樣化。

3.就形式特點(diǎn)而言，標(biāo)題醒目，重點(diǎn)突出，條理清晰，常用粗體字或各類項(xiàng)目符號使

文章結(jié)構(gòu)更鮮明。

4.就語言特點(diǎn)來說，文章充斥大量冗長而生僻的專有名詞，如人名、地名、機(jī)構(gòu)名、

組織名、書籍名、作品名等等，而且沒有漢語注釋?？s略詞、祈使句、省略句多。

5.在行文方式方面，應(yīng)用文的每種文體都有固定的格式。敘述性應(yīng)用文采用一般記敘

文的寫作方法，無特別之處；說明性應(yīng)用文的行文呈排列式，即以小標(biāo)題為單位逐一下行排

列。

6.就命題特點(diǎn)來說，高考英語應(yīng)用文的設(shè)問一般是按照文章段落的順序依次設(shè)置，主

要考查考生提取信息和處理信息的能力，既考查對特定細(xì)節(jié)的選取、排除、類比、綜合，又

注重推理判斷題的考查，題目設(shè)置相對容易。具體講來主要有四大類：（1）細(xì)節(jié)理解題，即

要求考生對閱讀材料中的某一具體事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行理解.這一題型常見的命題方式有事實(shí)認(rèn)

定題、圖形辨認(rèn)題、數(shù)字運(yùn)算題等。（2）推理判斷題。這類題主要考查考生根據(jù)文章的字面

意思，通過分析語篇的邏輯關(guān)系，研究細(xì)節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓意等。

推理判斷題屬于主觀性較強(qiáng)的高層次閱讀理解題。（3）主旨大意題。該類題主要考查考生對

所讀材料中心思想的概括.其考查形式有很多，如概括標(biāo)題、主題、中心思想等。（4）詞義猜

測題，即要求考生根據(jù)一定的上下文猜測生詞的詞義。

【得分要點(diǎn)】考生必須掌握應(yīng)對應(yīng)用文閱讀的一些常見技巧或方法，這樣有利于快速、準(zhǔn)確

地答題。

1.夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)

盡量多積累一些非考綱單詞和一些常見的縮寫詞語，由于應(yīng)用文中常常出現(xiàn)大量的縮寫

詞和一些生詞，這就要求同學(xué)們平時要在老師的指導(dǎo)下，有意識地盡量多積累一些非考綱單

詞和一些常見的縮寫詞語。

例如：表時間，路程，數(shù)量：am=morning,pm=afternoon,Mon=Monday>Jan.=January.

hr=hour,hrs=hours,P.W.=perweek,ml=mile,doz=dozen,Max=maximum,Min=minimum

表通信和影視設(shè)備：Tel.=tel叩honenumber,Ph.=phone

表媒體：VOA=VoiceofAmerica,BBC=BritishBroadcastingCorporation

表學(xué)歷、職業(yè)：MA=MasterofArts,BSdegree=bachelor'sdegree（學(xué)士學(xué)位），

prof.=professor,Dr.=doctor,VIP=veryimportantpersons

表國家、組織、地點(diǎn)：theUSA=theUnitedStatesofAmerica,thePRC=thePeople'sRepublic

ofChina,WTO=WorldTradeOrganization,co.=company,Add（r）.=address,Sta=Station,

Mt=Mountain

表方向：s=south,n=north,w=west,e=east

其他：Lid=Limited,P=page,pop=popular,Xmas=Christmas.info=infonnation,

ad=advertisement,vs=versus,PC=personalcomputer等等。

2.宜采用"題干定位法"

應(yīng)用文閱讀材料包含的某一方面的信息非常全面，能滿足各種人對信息的需求，但在高

考試題中，常常是就某一點(diǎn)提問，以細(xì)節(jié)理解題為主，考生完全沒有必要從頭到尾全部仔細(xì)

閱讀，因?yàn)椴牧现杏泻芏嗳哂酂o效信息。做此類題時，宜采用“題干定位法"，即先閱讀題

干，然后根據(jù)問題要求，按照題目順序依次有針對性地結(jié)合題干關(guān)鍵詞到文中定位答案范圍,

閱讀相關(guān)部分，快速尋找有效信息，再把原文和選項(xiàng)相比較。當(dāng)問題與材料相同的時候，對

號入座；如果問題與原文不同，則可以同義替換、歸納事實(shí)等。要注意根據(jù)所提問題采用尋

讀、跳讀的方法，這樣往往可以達(dá)到事半功倍的效果。

3.補(bǔ)全成分法

省略詞和省略句在應(yīng)用文閱讀材料中大量出現(xiàn)，對于影響語境理解的省略情況，我們應(yīng)

結(jié)合全文語境及邏輯關(guān)系將省略句補(bǔ)全，從而更加準(zhǔn)確地理解。例如：Driverwanted.根據(jù)

文意,可將該句補(bǔ)充為"Adriverwillbewanted.（招聘一名司機(jī)。）

4.排除法

排除法在應(yīng)用文閱讀中也應(yīng)用得較多，即排除與文章內(nèi)容不一致的錯誤信息，從而確定

正確選項(xiàng)。

【真題再現(xiàn)】【2020?新高考全國卷I（山東），A]

POETRYCHALLENGE

Writeapoemabouthowcourage,determination,andstrengthhavehelpedyouface

challengesinyourlife.

Prizes

3GrandPrizes:TriptoWashington,D.C.foreachofthreewinners,aparentandoneother

personofthewinner'schoice.Tripincludesround-tripairtickets,hotelstayfortwonights,and

toursoftheNationalAirandSpaceMuseumandtheofficeofNationalGeographicWorld.

6FirstPrizes:ThebookSkyPioneer:APhotobiographyofAmeliaEarhartsignedbyauthor

CorinneSzaboandpilotLindaFinch.

50HonorableMentions：｝udgeswillchooseupto50honorablementionwinnerswhowill

eachreceiveaT-shirtinmemoryofEarhart'sfinalflight.

Rules

Followallrulescarefullytopreventdisqualification.

■Writeapoemusing100wordsorfewer.Yourpoemcanbeanyformat,anynumberoflines.

■Writebyhandortypeonasinglesheetofpaper.Youmayuseboththefrontandbackofthe

paper.

■Onthesamesheetofpaper,writeortypeyourname,address,telephonenumber,andbirth

date.

■MailyourentrytousbyOctober31thisyear.

1.Howmanypeoplecaneachgrandprizewinnertakeonthefreetrip?

A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Six.

2.Whatwilleachofthehonorablementionwinnersget?

A.Aplaneticket.B.AbookbyCorinneSzabo.

C.AspecialT-shirt.D.AphotoofAmeliaEarhart.

3.Whichofthefollowingwillresultindisqualification?

A.Typingyourpoemout.B.Writingapoemof120words.

C.Usingbothsidesofthepaper.D.MailingyourentryonOctober30.

【答案】LA2.C3.B

【解析】

這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文是一篇詩歌大賽的征稿啟事。文章就參賽作品的內(nèi)容、獎項(xiàng)、參賽規(guī)

則等做了介紹。

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Prizes部分中第一段中的"TriptoWashington,D.C.foreachofthree

winners,aparentandoneotherpersonofthewinner'schoice”可知，每位獲獎?wù)叨伎梢詭б幻?/p>

長和另一名由獲獎?wù)哌x擇的人員。因此，每位獲獎?wù)呖梢詭蓚€人。故選A。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Prizes部分中第三段”50HonorableMentions:Judgeswillchooseupto50

honorablementionwinners,whowilleachreceiveaT-shirtinmemoryofEarhart'sfinalflight”可

知，每位優(yōu)秀獎獲獎?wù)叨紝@得一件紀(jì)念埃爾哈特最后一次飛行的T恤。故選C。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一部分中的“Followallrulescarefullytopreventdisqualification.Write

apoemusing100wordsorfewer”可知，所寫的詩字?jǐn)?shù)不能超過100字。否則，將會被取消資

格。故結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，B選項(xiàng)（寫一首120字的詩）是會被取消資格的。故選B。

【題型演練】

1

AdmissiontoAngkor

Angkorpass

AdmissiontotheAngkorArchaeologicalParkisthroughtheAngkorpass.Thispassis

neededtovisitanyofthetempleswithinthepark.Itisvalid（有效的）forallmonumentsinthe

area,exceptforBengMealeaandPhnomKulen.Besuretohaveavalidpass,andticketsare

regularlycheckedatmostofthemonumentsandatthecheckpoints.

WheretobuytheAngkorpass

ThemainticketsalesofficeistheAngkorConservationAreaticketboothonCharlesde

Gaulleroad.AllAngkorpassesareavailablehere.Ticketboothsareopendailyfrom5a.m.to

5:30p.m.Hotels,guesthouses,shopsetc.arenotauthorizedtosellAngkorpasses.

Typesofpasses

Passesforseveraldurationsareavailable:

?MayatUS$37

?3daysatUS$62

?7daysatUS$72

The3-dayticketisvalidforany3dayswithinaweek,the7-dayticketforany7dayswithina

month.Admissionforchildrenyoungerthan12isfree.PricesarequotedinUSDollars,butcan

alsobepaidinCambodianRiel,ThaiBahtorEuro.

Theinformationboardattheticketboothsliststrictrules:

?Passesarenotrefundable.

?Passesarenottransferable.Thepasscontainsaphotothatistakenwithawebcamatthe

ticketoffice.

?Passesarenotvalidaftertheirvaliditydate.Passeshavevalidityfromandtodateprinted

onthem.

Ticketsboughtbefore5p.m,arevalidthesameday.Itisnotpossibletobuyaone-daypass

forthenextday.Ticketsboughtafter5p.m.arevalidthesamedayuntilsunsetandthenextday.

Makesurethepassisnotstampedorholesaren'tpunched（打孑L）intoit,whichinvalidatesit,

1.WherecantheAngkorpassbepurchased?

A.Atthecheckpoints.B.Attheticketbooths.

C.Inthehotels.D.Intheshops.

2.Howmuchshouldacouplewithan8-year-oldpayfora3-daytriptoAngkor?

A.US$74.B.US$124.

C.US$144.D.US$62.

3.WhatdoweknowabouttheAngkorpass?

A.Itincludesaccesstoallsites.

B.ItmustbepaidinUSDollars.

C.Itcanbetransferredtoothers.

D.Stampedticketsareinvalid.

【答案】LB2.B3.D

【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了到吳哥窟旅游購買和使用通行證的注意事項(xiàng)。

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WheretobuytheAngkorpass部分的Themainticketsalesofficeisthe

AngkorConservationAreaticketboothonCharlesdeGaulleroad.AllAngkorpassesare

availablehere.（主要的售票處是位于戴高樂路的吳哥窯保護(hù)區(qū)售票處。所有的吳哥窟通行證

都在這里購買。）可知，吳哥窟的的通行證都可以在售票亭買到。故選B。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Typesofpasses部分的*3daysatUS$62和Admissionforchildren

youngerthan12isfree.（3天62美元的門票和12歲以下兒童是免費(fèi)的。）可知，成人的3天

的旅程的費(fèi)用是US$62,而12歲以下兒童免費(fèi)。所以一對夫婦帶一個8歲孩子進(jìn)行一個3

天的旅行需要62+62=124。故選B。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Makesurethepassisnotstampedorholesaren'tpunched（打孔）

intoit,whichinvalidatesit.可知，要確保通行證沒有蓋章或沒有打孔才能進(jìn)入，因?yàn)槟菍⑹顾?/p>

失效。所以蓋章的票是無效的。故選D。

2

Fourthingsthatyoucan'tmissinMacao

MacaoTowerAJHackettBungeeJump

TheMacaoTower,338meterstall,istheworld's10thhighesttower,withavarietyof

activities,suchasgambling,eatingandentertainment.Oneoftheacclaimedactivitiesisthe

bungeejump.TheAJHackettMacaoTowerBungeeJumpis233metershigh,makingitthe

highestcommercialbungeejumpintheworld.Raiseyourarmsandoffyougo!Ifyouarenot

daringenoughtojumpthatheight,youcantrytheskywalkonthe57thfloorit'sstill

remarkable.

GrabbingatraditionalPortuguesedinner

MacaowascolonizedbyPortugalbefore1999.Asaresult,Portuguesecultureisdeeply

immersedintomanycomersofMacao.ManyPortuguesesettledandopenedPortuguese

restaurantsinthespecialadministrativeregion,buttheflavorismoreadaptabletoChinesepeople.

MarkingattheRuinsofSt.Paul

TheRuinsofSt.PaulisthesignaturelandmarkofMacao.TheruinsconsistoftheSt.Paul's

CollegeandtheChurchofSt.Paul,builtin1583.However,afterthreeintensefiresin1595,1601

and1835,thechurchwasseriouslydamaged.Itisbeyondbeliefthatafterthevigorouscyclesof

rebuildingandfires,thehugesurfaceandthefrontstairwayremainunburned.

Visitingamuseum

Macao,asatinycitywithonlyanareaof30.5squarekilometers,has23eye-catching

museums.Duetoitsuniquehistory,bothEasternandWesternhistoricalsitescanbefound.Many

ofthemarepreservedforculturalheritage,touristspotsormuseums,suchastheGrandPrix

Museum,MaritimeMuseumandWineMuseum.

4.Whichactivitywillbepopularwithadventurousvisitors?

A.GoingBungeeJumping.

B.GrabbingatraditionalPortuguesedinner.

C.MarkingattheRuinsofSt.Paul.

D.Visitingamuseum.

5.WhatisincredibleabouttheRuinsofSt.Paul?

A.Ithasauniqueculture.

B.ItservesasasymbolofMacao.

C.Itpartlystaysundamagedafterfiercefires.

D.Itisacombinationofacollegeandachurch.

6.Whatdo“'GrabbingatraditionalPortuguesedinner"and"Visitingamuseum"havein

common?

A.Takingaselfieinit.

B.Findinghistoricalsites.

C.Enjoyingabreathtakingexperience.

D.Feelingbotheasternandwesterncultures.

【答案】4.A5.C6.D

【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本篇介紹了去澳門游玩時不可錯過的四件事：去AJHackett蹦極，

吃傳統(tǒng)澳門餐，打卡圣保羅大教堂、參觀博物館。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)MacaoTowerAJHackettBungeeJump部分的Oneoftheacclaimed

activitiesisthebungeejump.TheAJHackettMacaoTowerBungeeJumpis233metershigh,

makingitthehighestcommercialbungeejumpintheworld.（蹦極是最受歡迎的活動之一。AJ

Hackett澳門塔蹦極有233米高，是世界上最高的商業(yè)蹦極）可推測，喜歡冒險(xiǎn)的人會去AJ

Hackett塔蹦極。A.GoingBungeeJumping.（去蹦極）符合以上說法，故選A項(xiàng)。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MarkingattheRuinsofSt.Paul部分的Itisbeyondbeliefthatafterthe

vigorouscyclesofrebuildingandfires,thehugesurfaceandthefrontstairwayremain

unburned.（令人難以置信的是，在經(jīng)歷了一輪又一輪的重建和火災(zāi)后，巨大的表面和前面的

樓梯仍然沒有被燒毀）可知，圣保羅大教堂的不可思議之處是雖然經(jīng)歷了很多次火災(zāi)，它的

一些部分沒有被大火燒毀。C.Itpartlystaysundamagedafterfiercefires.（在猛烈的火災(zāi)后，它

的一部分仍然完好無損）符合以上說法，故選C項(xiàng)。

6.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GrabbingatraditionalPortuguesedinner部分的Asaresult,

PortuguesecultureisdeeplyimmersedintomanycomersofMacao.ManyPortuguesesettledand

openedPortugueserestaurantsinthespecialadministrativeregion,buttheflavorismore

adaptabletoChinesepeople（Hilt,許多來澳門的人都深深融入了葡萄牙文化。許多葡萄牙人

在澳門特別行政區(qū)定居,并開設(shè)了餐館，但這里的風(fēng)味更適合中國人。）?Visitingamuseum

部分的Duetoitsuniquehistory,bothEasternandWesternhistoricalsitescanbefbund.（由于其

獨(dú)特的歷史，東方和西方的歷史遺跡都可以找到）可知，GrabbingatraditionalPortuguese

dinner和Visitingamuseum的共同之處是，在這兩項(xiàng)活動中都能夠體驗(yàn)到東西方的文化。D.

Feelingbotheasternandwesterncultures.（能夠感覺到東西方文化）符合以上說法，故選D項(xiàng)。

3

TravelinEurope

InsteadofSantorini,Tinos

Santorinihasbeenstrugglingwithovertourismforyears,avictimofitsownsuccessafterthe

island,andtheGreekgovernment,soughttoluretouristsbackfollowingan8-yearfinancialcrisis

Nowthisidyllicdestinationhasreachedasaturationpoint.

AmoreauthenticGreece——theonethatSantoriniofferedbeforethecrowds——canbefound

intheCycladichavenofTinos.Withitsownenchantingsunsetsandruggedcharm,this

under-the-radargemisanalluringalternative.

InsteadofAmsterdam,DelftandTheHague

In2017Amsterdamwasvisitedby19millionpeople,twomillionmorethanliveintheentire

country.Thecityhasaparticularproblemwithtouristsonatightbudget—manyarrivingvia

low-costairlinesfromBritain,France,Germanyandbeyond,andstayingatAirbnbs,inhostelsor

intheircarsand,spendingmuchoftheirtimepartyinginthered-lightdistrict.Therethecrowds

getsodensethatonweekendsummernightsrescueworkersoftencan'tgettopeoplewhofallsick

orfaint.

Anothertwodestinationscanbeeasilycombined:Delftand,about10milesaway,TheHague,

theseatofDutchgovernment.Bothareidealforvisitorslookingforgreatmuseums,canals,wild

NorthSeabeaches—andnocrowds.

InsteadofBarcelona,Valencia

ForalessfreneticdoseofcosmopolitanMediterraneancharm,head220milesdownthe

coasttoValencia,Spain'sthird-largestcity,with800,000residentsandbarely2millionvisitors

peryear.FoundedasaretirementcommunityforRomansoldiers,ithasmanyofthesame

attributesasBarcelona—bothwereancientwalledcities—withasprawling,mazelikecenter

filledwithGothic,Romanesque,RenaissanceandBaroquearchitecture.Allstyleswerecombined

inValencia'sCathedral,builtbetweenthe13thand18thcenturies;architecturalpuristsshouldnot

missthe15th-centurySilkExchange,aUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteandastunningreminderof

thecity'smercantileimportance.

7.WhatcanwelearnfromSantorini?

A.Itisstillthepopularplace.

B.Itisanattractivechoice.

C.Itwillwintouristsback.

D.Itsufferedovertourism.

8.InAmsterdam,thecrowdsaresodensethat.

A.thestreetsarebustlingwithnoiseandexcitement.

B.somepeoplecan'tbetreatedintime.

C.morevisitorswillbedisturbed.

D.manypeoplefallsickorfaint.

9.Whafstheauthor'spurposetowritethispassage?

A.Recommendsomebetterplacestovisit.

B.Introducesomenewplacestovisit.

C.Criticizesomecrowdedplaces.

D.Blametheimpropertourism.

【答案】7.D8.B9.A

【解析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了歐洲旅游的三個好去處。

7.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一部分中的“Santorinihasbeenstrugglingwithovertourismforyears”可

知，多年來，圣托里尼島一直在與過度旅游作斗爭（飽受過度旅游之苦），故D項(xiàng)正確。

8.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二部分中的“Therethecrowdsgetsodensethatonweekendsummer

nightsrescueworkersoftencan'tgettopeoplewhofallsickorfaint.”可知，阿姆斯特丹的游客越

來越密集，以至于在周末的夏夜，救援人員常常無法找到生病或暈倒的人（一些人不能及時

得到治療），故B項(xiàng)正確。

9.推理判斷題。通讀全文，特別是結(jié)合文章標(biāo)題“TravelinEurope”和各段小標(biāo)題可知，本文

主要介紹了歐洲旅游的三個好去處，文章的目的就是向人們推薦這三個地方，故A項(xiàng)正確。

4

Four-DayRwandaGorillaTrekking（徒步旅行）

Thisfour-daytravelwilltakeyouforgorillatrekkingofMountainGorillasinVolcanoes

NationalParkinRwanda,the“l(fā)andofathousandhills".GorillatrekkinginRwandaisoneofthe

highlighttravelexperiencesinAfrica.

Day1:PickufromKigaliAirport--TransfertoKigaliSerena

TodayuponyourarrivalatKigaliInternationalAirport,youwillbewarmlywelcomedand

transferredbyroadtoyourhotel,Youwillrelaxatthehotelfortherestofthetime.

JourneyTime:10minutesAccommodation:KigaliSerenaMealPlan:Notincluded

Day2:KigaliCityTours-TransfertoVolcanoesNationalPark

Todayafterbreakfast,youwillgoforaguidedcitytourofKigali,oneofthesafestand

cleanestcapitalcitiesinAfrica.Thetourwillstartfromthefirstmodernbuildingthatthecitywas

foundedon,duringwhichyoucanlearnaboutthecountry'shistory.Afterthecitytour,youwill

beginthejourneynorthwardstoVolcanoesNationalPark.BisateLodge（旅館）isRwanda'sfirst

realcomfortlodge.ActivitiesatthelodgeincludeBindwatchingandparticipatinginthe

reforestationprogramme.

JourneyTime;3hoursAccommodation:BisateLodgeMealPlan:Allfood

Day3:GorillaTrekking-VisitTwinLakes

Todayafterbreakfast,yourguidewilltransferyoutoVolcanoesNationalParkheadquarters

tostartyourgorillatrekking.

YouwilltrekthroughfoothillsoftheVirunga,enjoyinggreatviewsfromallangles.Upon

seeingwherethemountaingorillasare,youwillstaywiththemforanhourastheygoabouttheir

day-to-daylife-playing,feeding,touchingamongothers.Comingfacetofacewiththese

endangeredmountaingorillasisanexperienceyouwillneverforget.

PS:Wehighlyrecommendthatyouhireservicesofawaiterwhocarriesyourbackpack

duringthegorillatrekking.Itcosts15USdollarsperwaiter.

Accommodation:BisateLodgeMealPlan:Allmeals

Day4:Departure

Todayafterbreakfast,youwillbetransferredbacktoKigaliInternationalAirportforyour

onwardjourney.

10.WhatcantouristsdoatBisateLodge?

A.Visitamodembuilding.B.TourKigaliwithaguide,

C.LearthehistoryofRwanda.D.Dosomebirdwatching.

11.Whatcantouristsdowithgorillaswhilehiking?

A.Meetgorillasfacetoface.B.Feedgorillaswithsnacks.

C.Playwithgorillasforanhour.D.Followthefootprintsofgorillas.

12.WhatisstronglyadvisedfbrtouristsonDay3?

A.Exploringthevolcanoes,B.Employingaporterforhelp.

C.Catchingamountaingorilla.D.Leavingthebackpackinthehotel.

【答案】10.D11.A12.B

【解析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了在非洲盧旺達(dá)這個國家，一個觀察黑猩猩的徒

步旅行項(xiàng)目的具體安排。

10.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Day2部分的“BisateLodge（旅館）isRwanda'sfirstrealcomfortlodge.

ActivitiesatthelodgeIncludeBirdWatching..."可知，BisateLodge是盧旺達(dá)的第一個正真舒適

的賓館。在旅館的活動包括觀鳥……即在BisateLodge可以進(jìn)行觀察鳥的活動。故選D項(xiàng)。

11.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Day3部分的“Uponseeingwherethemountaingorillasare,youwillstay

withthemforanhourastheygoabouttheirday-to-daylife-playing,feeding,touchingamong

others.Comingfacetofacewiththeseendangeredmountaingorillasisanexperienceyouwill

neverfbrget.”可知，看到山地大猩猩的所在地后，你可以和它們待上一個小時，因?yàn)樗鼈儠?/p>

繼續(xù)它們的日常生活——玩耍、進(jìn)食、撫摸其它動物。與這些瀕危的山地大猩猩面對面是一

個你永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記的經(jīng)歷。由此可知，在徒步旅行的過程中可以面對面地與黑猩猩接觸。故

選A項(xiàng)。

12.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Day3部分的“Wehighlyrecommendthatyouhireservicesofawaiter

whocarriesyourbackpackduringthegorillatrekking.“可知，在觀察大猩猩的徒步旅行中，旅

行社強(qiáng)烈建游客們雇傭一個背包的人。即，雇傭一個搬運(yùn)工幫忙。故選B項(xiàng)。

5

Portugal'smostbeautifulseasidedestinations

ThelongcoastlineofPortugalisextraordinarilydiverse.Windyourwayalongitandyouwill

findtruePortugal,itshistory,itsheartanditssoul.

Cascais

Originallyalittlewhitewashedfishingvillage,Cascaisbecameasummerresidencefor

wealthynoblemeninthelate19thcentury.Itisnowabusy,moderntown,butalongitsshoreline,it

stillhaspalatialvillas（富麗堂皇的別墅）,manyofwhichhavebeenturnedintohotels,andits

prettytownsquareandoldstreetshavekepttheircharacter.

Comporta

Thislittlevillagehas,untilrecently,beenasecretoftheexperts.Withhotelsnowstartingto

open,thelocalsmakethemostofitbeforethecrowdscome.Bluewaterswash

such-picture-perfectwhitesandsthatit'shardtobelieveyou'reinEurope:walkthebeachat

sunset,orweaveyourwayonhorsebackthroughthegreenricefieldsbeforeamealofthefreshest

offishontheseashore.

ZambujeiradoMar

StandingbetweenthefierceAtlanticandtheplainsoftheAlentejo,thelittlefishingvillageof

ZambujeiradoMarhasoneoftheregionsmostbeautifulbeaches,backedbyhighrockcliffs.For

fivedaysinAugust,oneofPortugaPsbiggestyouthmusicfestivals,MEOSudoeste,isheldhere.

Datesfor2020areAugust4-8.

Lagos

White-washedLagosmanagestomaintainitscharacterandcharmwhileofferingalively

nightlifeforlocalsandtourists.Animportantnavalcentreinthe15thcentury,Lagoswasalso

capitaloftheAlgarvefrom1576-1756.Extensivelydamagedinthe1755earthquake,thetown

nowconsistsofmostly18thand19th-centurybuildings.VisitSantoAntonioChurchforitsblue

andwhitetilesandgilded（鍍金的）woodwork.

13.Whichplaceisstilladestinationfullofmysteries?

A.Lagos.B.Comporta.

C.Cascais.D.ZambujeiradoMar.

14.WhatisspecialaboutZambujeiradoMar?

A.Itisaremotevillage.B.ItfacesthePacificOcean.

C.Ithostsamusicfestival.D.Itliesonhighrockcliffs.

15.WhenweremostoftheconstructionsinLagosbuilt?

A.14-15thcenturies.B.15-16thcenturies.

C.16-17thcenturies.D.18-19thcenturies.

【答案】13.B14.C15.D

【解析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了葡萄牙幾個最美的海濱勝地。

13.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的"Thislittlevillagehas,untilrecently,beenasecretofthe

experts.”可知，Comporta一直都是充滿神秘的地方，故B項(xiàng)正確。

14.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的"ForfivedaysinAugust,oneofPortugaPsbiggestyouth

musicfestivals,MEOSudoeste,isheldhere.”可知，每年8月份，ZambujeiradoMar都會舉辦

音樂節(jié)，故C項(xiàng)正確。

15.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的“thetownnowconsistsofmostly18thand19th-century

buildings”可知，Lagos現(xiàn)存的老建筑物多為18、19世紀(jì)建造，故D項(xiàng)正確。

6

TheMasterGardenerFoundation

Aim

TheMasterGardenerFoundationprovidesfreeinformationtothepubliconenvironmentally

safegardeningpracticesandwaterconservation.Theinformationisresearch-basedand

encourageslimiteduseoffarmchemicalsandfertilizers.

DonationActivities

Themastergardenersheredidmuchdonationwork.Theydonatedover35,000volunteer

hours,serving40,000adultsandmorethan5,200children.Theydidthisthroughabout35plant

clinics,6demonstrationgardens,4youthgardens,aswellasaclassroomprogramanddozensof

workshops.TheMasterGardenerFoundationprovidesroughlytwo-thirdsofthefinancialsupport

forallthesevaluableactivities.

WashingtonStateUniversitycurrentlyprovidesthesalaryandbenefitsoftheMaster

GardenerProgram.Thefoundationfundsofficespaceandsupplies,aswellasapart-timeprogram

assistant.

TheMasterGardenerProgram

Safeandgreengardeningandwaterusepracticesarevitaltopreservingourenvironment.

TheMasterGardenerProgramseekstoprovidethiskindofeducationandinformationtothe

citizensforfree.Itisahighlysuccessfulexampleofcooperationbetweenafoundationand

volunteers.

WaitingforYourDonations

TheMasterGardenerFoundationisanon-profitorganization,andalldonationsareallowed

bylawandsupporttheMasterGardenerProgramandactivities.

PleaseconsideradonationtotheMasterGardenerFoundationandhelpkeepour

environmentgreen!

16.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"this0inparagraph2referto?

A.Scienceresearch.B.Adoptingchildren.

C.Donationwork.D.Sparingvolunteerhours.

17.WhatdoweknowabouttheMasterGardenerProgram?

A.It*sveryexpensive.

B.Itprovestobeunsuccessful.

C.Itprovideseducationjustinproducingfarmchemicals.

D.It'sabridgebetweenthefoundationandvolunteers.

18.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?

A.Toencouragedonations.

B.Todescribevolunteerwork.

C.TDspreadtheagriculturalknowledge.

D.Togivesomesuggestionstogardeners.

【答案】16.C17.D18.A

【解析】這是一篇廣告類文章。文章介紹了TheMasterGardenerFoundation相關(guān)信息。它鼓

勵人們捐款給theMasterGardenerFoundation,讓我們更好地保護(hù)環(huán)境！

16.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)DonationActivities中Themastergardenersheredidmuchdonationwork.

Theydonatedover35,000volunteerhours,serving40,000adultsandmorethan5,200

children”這里的園丁們做了大量的捐贈工作。他們捐贈了超過35000個志愿者小時，服務(wù)了

40000名成年人和5200多名兒童。”再根據(jù)Theydidthjsthroughabout35plantclinics,6

demonstrationgardens,4youthgardens,aswellasaclassroomprogramanddozensof

workshops.“他們通過大約35個植物診所、6個示范花園、4個青年花園、以及一個課堂項(xiàng)目

和幾十個講習(xí)班做到了這一點(diǎn)?！坝纱丝芍瑒澗€詞this指代的是，donationwork”。故選C。

17.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheMasterGardenerProgram中Itisahighlysuccessfulexampleof

cooperationbetweenafoundationandvolunteers.“這是一個基金會和志愿者合作的非常成功的

例子。”由此可知，MasterGardenerProgram是基金會和志愿者之間的橋梁。故選D。

18.目的意圖題。根據(jù)WaitingforYourDonations中PleaseconsideradonationtotheMaster

GardenerFoundationandhelpkeepourenvironmentgreen!”請考慮捐款給theMasterGardener

Foundation,讓我們的環(huán)境更環(huán)保!”由此判斷出，這篇文章的目的是“鼓勵捐贈。”故選A。

備戰(zhàn)2021屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)題型專練（新高考）08

專練08故事敘述類閱讀理解

【命題意圖】閱讀理解從能力的角度來講，考查學(xué)生運(yùn)用英語的能力，具體地說，就

是通過閱讀有關(guān)文章提取有用信息的能力。

【考試方向】記敘文類文章描述的是一件具體事情的發(fā)生、發(fā)展和結(jié)局，通常有時間、

地點(diǎn)、人物、事件等。有些文章是按事件發(fā)展的經(jīng)過為主線敘述的，在敘述的過程中有詳有

略；有些文章是按時間的順序敘述的，有順敘、倒敘等。從總體上來講，文章的難度通常不

大，在閱讀過程中，我們一直在某個線索的引導(dǎo)下，隨著作者的思路去了解一個故事或一件

事情的始末，因此會感到比較輕松。命題往往從故事的情節(jié)、人物或事件之間的關(guān)系、作者

的意圖和態(tài)度、故事的前因和后果等方面入手，考查學(xué)生對細(xì)節(jié)的辨認(rèn)能力以及推理判斷能