2022職稱英語試題：3月職稱英語考試試題（理

工類B級(jí)）

1、Thehigh-speedtrainscanhaveamajorimpactontravel

preferences.

A.force

B.influence

C.surprise

D.power

2、Canyoufollowtheplot?

A.change

B.investigate

C.write

D.understand

3、Eveninahighlymodernizedcountry,manualworkisstill

needed.

A.physical

B.mental

C.natural

D.hard

4、Inthelattercasetheoutcomecanbeseriousindeed.

A.result

B.judgment

C.decision

D.event

5、NormanBamey,isanartistofdeepconvictions.

A.statements

B.beliefs

C.suggestions

D.claims

6、Uptonow,theworkhasbeeneasy.

A.So

B.Solong

C.Sothat

D.Sofar

7、Thereportadvocatedsettingupdaytrainingcolleges.

A.supposed

B.excited

C.suggested

D.discussed

8、Accordingly,anumberofothermethodshavebeenemployed.

A.Therefore

B.Afterwards

C.However

D.Furthermore

9、Theoutlookfromthetopofthemountainisbreathtaking.

A.view

B.sight

C.look

D.point

10、Ourlivesareintimatelyboundupwiththeirs.

A.tensely

B.nearly

C.carefully

D.closely

11、Theunionrepresentativeputacrossherargumentvery

effectively.

A.explained

B.invented

C.considered

D.accepted

12、Hetalkstoughbuthasatenderheart.

A.heavy

B.strong

C.kind

D.wild

13、Itisnousedebatingtherelativemeritsofthispolicy.

A.making

B.taking

C.discussing

D.expecting

14、Ourstatisticsshowthatweconsumeallthatwearecapable

ofproducing..

A.waste

B.buy

C.use

D.sell

15^Thefueltankshadacapacityof140liters.

A.function

B.ability

C.power

D.volume

第2局部：閱讀推斷（第16-22題，每題1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7

個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)依據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出推斷；假如該句供應(yīng)的是正確

信息，請(qǐng)選擇A；假如該句供應(yīng)的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B；假如該句的

信息文中沒有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C。

16、

請(qǐng)依據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容，對(duì)16-23做出推斷。

Highways

Withtheincreaseinautoproduction,privateturnpike收（費(fèi)大路）

companiesunderlocalauthoritiesbegantospringup,andby1921therewere387,

OOOmilesofpavedroads.Atthattime,therewerenonationalstandardsforsize,

weightrestrictions,orweightoftrucks.DuringtheWorldWarI,roadsthroughoutthe

countrywerenearlydestroyedbytheweightoftrucksWhenGeneralEisenhower

returnedfromGermanyin1919,henoted:"theoldconvoy（車隊(duì)）hadstartedme

thinkingaboutgood,two-lanehighways,butGermany^^sAutobahnormotorwayhad

mademeseethewisdomofbroaderribbonsacrosstheland.”

Theinterstatehighwaysystemwasfinallystartedin1956.To

buildits44,OOO-milewebof.highways,bridges,andtunnels,

hundredsofuniqueengineeringdesignsandsolutionshadtobe

workedout.Consideringthemany,geographicfeaturesofthe

countrysuchasmountains,steepgrades,wetlands,rivers,deserts

andplains,innovativedesignsofroadwaysbegantoweboftheir

wayacrossthecountry,foreveralteringthefaceofAmerica.

Today,theinterstatesystemlinkseverymajorcityinthe

U.S.,andtheU.S.withCanadaandMexico.Builtwithsafetyin

mind,thehighwayshavewidelanesandshoulders,dividingmedians,

orbarriers,longentryandexitlanes,curvesengineeredforsafe

turns,andlimitedaccess.Thedeathrateonhighwaysishalfthat

ofallotherU.Sroads(0.86deathsper100millionpassengermiles

comparedto1.99deathsper100milliononallotherroads).

ByopeningtheNorthAmericancontinent,highwayshave

enabledconsumergoodsandservicestoreachpeopleinremoteand

ruralareasofthecountry,spurredthegrowthofsuburbs,and

providedpeoplewithgreateroptionsintermsofjobs,accessto

culturalprogram,healthcare,andotherbenefits.Aboveall,the

interstatesystemprovidesindividualswithwhattheycherishmost:

personalfreedomofmobility.

Theinterstatesystemhasbeenanessentialelementofthenation^s

economicgrowthintermsofshippingandjobcreation:morethan75percentof

thenatiorTsfreightdeliveriesarrivebytruck;andmostproductsthatarrivebyrailor

airuseinterstatesforthelastlegofthejourneybyvehicle.Notonlyhasthehighway

systemaffectedtheAmericaneconomybyprovidingshippingroutes,ithasledto

thegrowthofspin-offindustrieslikeservicestations,motels,restaurants,and

shoppingcenters.Ithasallowedtherelocationofmanufacturingplantsandother

industriesfromurbanareastorural.

Nationalstandardsforpavedroadswereinplaceby1921.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

17、EisenhowerfeltthatthebroadGermanmotorwayshadbetter

qualitythanthehigwaysofAmerica.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

18、Inthe1950sthattheAmericangovernmentfinallytook

actiontobuildanationalhighwaysystem.

A.Right

B.Wrong,

C.Notmentioned

19>Manyoftheproblemspresentedbythecountiesgeographical

featuresfoundsolutionsininnovativeengineeringprojects.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

20、Withsafetyconsiderationsthedeathrateoninterstate

highwaysisstillhigherthan,thatofotherAmericanroads.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

21、Theinterstatehighwayssystemprovidesaccessbetween

majormilitaryinstallationsinAmerica.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

22、Servicestations,motelsandrestaurantspromotedthe

developmentoftheinterstatehighwaysystem.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

第3局部：概括大意與完成句子（第23?30題，每題1分，共8分）下面的短文

后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：⑴第23?26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第2-5段每段

選擇1個(gè)標(biāo)題；⑵第27?30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定1

個(gè)選項(xiàng)。

23、依據(jù)材料,答復(fù)23-31問題。

WaystoReduceExposuretoAirPollution

l.AreportpublishedrecentlybringsbadnewsaboutairpollutionIt

suggeststhatitcouldbeasdamagingtoourhealthasexposuretotheradiation

,fromthe1986Ukrainenuclearpowerplantdisaster.Thereportwaspublished

bytheU.KsRoyalCommissiononEnvironmentalPollution.Butwhatcancity

peopledotoreduceexposuretoairpollutionQuitealotitturnsout.

2.Avoidwalkinginbusystreets.Choosesidestreetsandparksinstead.

Pollutionlevelscanfallaconsiderableamountjustbymovingafewmetersaway

fromthemainpollutionsourceexhaustfumes（廢氣）.Alsodon“twalkbehind

smokers.Walkonthewindward

（迎風(fēng)的）sideofthestreetwhereexposureOfpollutants污（染物）canbe50

percentlessthanonthedownwind（順風(fēng)的）side.

3.Sittingonthedriver'ssideofabuscanincreaseyourexposureby10

percent,comparedwithsittingonthesidenearestthepavement.Sittingupstairs

onadouble-decker（雙層電車）canreduceexposure.Itisdifficulttosay

whethertravelingonanundergroundtrainisbetterorworsethantakingthebus.

Airpollutiononundergroundtrainstendstobelesstoxic（有毒的）thanthatatstreet

level,becauseundergroundpollutionismostlymadeupoftinyironparticles（粒子）

thrownupbywheelshittingtherails,whilediesel（柴油機(jī)）andpetrolfumes

haveamixtureofpollutants.

4.Whenyouarecrossingaroad,standwellbackfromthecurb（路緣）

whileyouwaitforthelighttochange.Everymeterreallydoescountwhenyou

areclosetotraffic.Asthetrafficbeginstomove,fumescanbereducedinjusta

fewseconds.Soholdingyourbreathforjustamomentcanmakeadifference,

eventhoughitmightsoundsilly.

5.Therearelargesuddenpollutionincreasesduringrushhours.

Pollutionlevelsfallduringnighttime.Thetimeofyearalso

makesabigdifference.Pollutionlevelstendtobeattheirlowestduringspringand

autumnwhenwindsarefreshest.Extremecoldorhotweatherhasatrappingeffect

andtendstocauseabuild-upofpollutants.

Paragraph2.

A.Whereyoustandwhilewaitingtocross?

B.Whereyouwalk?

C.Whereyousitonabus?

D.Whenyougotobed?

E.Whenpollutionlevelsrise?

F.Whenyougetup?

24、Paragraph3.

A.Whereyoustandwhilewaitingtocross?

B.Whereyouwalk?

C.Whereyousitonabus?

D.Whenyougotobed?

E.Whenpollutionlevelsrise?

F.Whenyougetup?

25、Paragraph4.

A.Whereyoustandwhilewaitingtocross?

B.Whereyouwalk?

C.Whereyousitonabus?

D.Whenyougotobed?

E.Whenpollutionlevelsrise?

F.Whenyougetup?

26、Paragraph5.

A.Whereyoustandwhilewaitingtocross?

B.Whereyouwalk?

C.Whereyousitonabus?

D.Whenyougotobed?

E.Whenpollutionlevelsrise?

F.Whenyougetup?

27、Airpollutioncanbeasharmfultoone”s

health.

A.duringrushholm

B.inspringandautumn

C.totoxicair

D.betweenautumnandwinter

E.asexposuretonuclearradiation

F.onthedownwindside

28、Travelingonanundergroundtraincanreduce

exposure.

A.duringrushholm

B.inspringandautumn

C.totoxicair

D.betweenautumnandwinter

E.asexposuretonuclearradiation

F.onthedownwindside

29、Pollutionlevelsarelower.

A.duringrushholm

B.inspringandautumn

C.totoxicair

D.betweenautumnandwinter

E.asexposuretonuclearradiation

F.onthedownwindside

30、It''swisetostayawayfromheavytraffic,

A.duringrushholm

B.inspringandautumn

C.totoxicair

D.betweenautumnandwinter

E.asexposuretonuclearradiation

F.onthedownwindside

第4局部：閱讀理解（第31—5題，每題3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，

每篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個(gè)選項(xiàng)。31、依據(jù)

材料，答復(fù)31-36問題。

第一篇

PhysicalExercise

Declaringthatphysicalexerciseisoneofthemost

powerfulmedicinestohelpimproveourqualityoflifeisnotanexaggeration.

TheWorldHealthOrganizationexpressedthesameviewinits2022World

HealthReport,emphasizingthatthedamageproducedbylackofphysical

activitywasequaltothestrongprobabilityofseriousillnesssuchasheartdisease

andevensomekindsofcancer.

Thosewhohaveembracedanactivelifestyleforyearsarefamiliarwiththesortof

physicalandpsychologicalbenefitsthatcomefromexercise.Neverthelessalotof

peoplewouldneverofphysicalactivityasawayoffeelingbetter,simplybecause

theydon“tthinktheyareinneedofit,orbecausetheyarelazyormaintainthat

theyhaven“tgotenoughtime.

Therearemanypositive,eeffectsthatresultfromphysicalexerciseand

theyarenotonlyconcernedwiththephysicalaspectsbutalsopsychologicaland

socialones.

Beginningwiththephysicalbenefits,physicalactivityimprovesthelifeofthe

heart,bumsofffat,lowershighbloodpressure,makestissuesmoreresistant,and

increasesmuscleflexibilityandjointmobility.

Onapsychologicallevel,physicalactivityhelpsreduceanxietyandstressby

causingtensiontodisappearandbyencouragingustohaveabettersenseof

ourselvesthroughlisteningtoourbodiesduringmovement.

Lastly,seeingourselvesinbetterhealthisadvantageoussocially.The

senseofsatisfactionthusobtainedwillresultinanincreaseofself-respectand

self-confidenceintermsofourabilitytointeractwithothers.

Thebenefitslinkedtoexercisehavealsonotgoneunnoticedin

thebusinessworld,withmoreandmorecompaniessettingupgymson-site.

EmpIoyees^^improvedhealthtranslatesintobetterperformanceandreduced

costsaswellasanincreaseinpeople%satisfactionintheworkplace.Physical

activityis

recommendedforallagegroups,includingchildren.Itisanimportant

growthfactorinachild^^seducation.

Andfortheelderly?Thereisnodoubtthatregular

physicalactivityallowsgreaterefficiencyindailylifeasWellascreatingmore

basicindependencedaybyday,includingthepossibilityofkeepingintouchwith

othersandnotfeelingisolated.

Thewriterregardsphysicalexerciseasastrongmedicine

because.

A.theWHOholdstheview

B.ithelpsimprovethequalityoflife

C.thelackofitequalsseriousillness

D.itenablespeopletolivelonger

32、Manypeopledonotengageinphysicalexercisemainly

because.

A.theyarenotawareofitsbenefits

B.theydon,?thavethefacilities

C.theydon^tthinktheyneedit

D.theyarephysicallyunfitforit

33、Accordingtothepassage,physicalexercisecanmake

people.

A.strongerandmoreintelligent

B.moreintelligentandmoreopen-minded

C.moreopen-mindedandhealthier

D.healthierandstronger

34、Physicalexerciseissociallybeneficial

because.

A.itgivespeoplecompetitiveadvantage

B.ithelpspeoplereduceanxiety

C.itenablesemployeestoworkbetterfortheircompany

D.itmakespeopleconfidentindealingwithothers

35、Accordingtothepassage,regularphysicalexercisecanmake

oldpeople.

A.betterabletolookafterthemselves”

B.lookyoungerthantheyreallyare

C.lesslikelytosufferfromdiseases

D.moreaggressiveintheirinteractionwithothers

36、依據(jù)材料，答復(fù)36-41問題。

其次篇

ANewImmigrationBill

TheU.S.Senateisconsideringanewimmigrationbill.

Itwillvaluetheeconomicpromiseofimmigrantsoverfamilytieswhen

consideringU.S.residencyandcitizenship.Thelegislation,whichwas

proposedbyPresidentBushandagroupofsenators,containsapointsystem.

Theproposalaimstoincreasethenumberofimmigrantswithgraduatedegrees,

earningsorjobskills.

Theproposed^pointsystemwouldusea100-pointscale.Accordingtoadraftof

thelaw,meritapplicantscouldearnupto47pointsforthingslikeoccupation,oryear

ofworkforaUSfirm.Theycouldearnupto28pointsfortheireducation,15pointsfor

EnglishandUScivics（公民學(xué)），and10pointsforfamilyties.Thesystemhas

stirredupdebate.CriticsontheleftsayitopposesfamilyunityandAmericanvalues.

Criticsontherightcomplainthatitdoesnotreflecttheneedsofhigh-tech

employers.

Thecurrentkinship（血緣關(guān)系）-basedsystemputspressureontheU.S.,

asitattractslow-skillworkerswhoconsumemorepublicservicesthantheypay

backintaxes.ItallowsavarietyofuneducatedpeopleinfromMexicoand

CentralAmerica.

Theimmigrationbillwouldalloweightyearstoclearthecurrentbacklog

（積壓）ofapplicationforapermanentresidentcard,

orgreencard.Afterthat,onlythechildrenandspouses（酉己偶）oflegalimmigrants

wouldbeabletoapplyforfamilyvisas.Adultchildren,siblings（兄弟姐妹），

parents,andotherrelativeswouldhavetoapplyinthegeneralqueue（排隊(duì)）.

Undertheproposal,i.mrnigrantsfromAsian,countrieswouldlikelyfarewell

很（有利）.

Forinstance,overhalfofrecentimmigrantsfromChinaandIndia

haveabachelor'、（學(xué)士的）orhigherdegree.ImmigrantsfromLatinAmerican

countrieswouldlikelyfacemoredifficulties.Immigrationpointsystemshavebeen

inuseinCanada,AustraliaandNewZealandforyears.TheU.K.adoptedasimilar

approachin2022.OnethingthatCanadaandothernationshavediscoveredis

thattheirsystemneedstofittheneedsoftheireconomy.Toooftentheyfindthatthey

attracthighly-educatedpeoplewhoendupfindingworkthatdoesn^tusetheir

skills.Someendupdrivingataxi.

Oneofthereasonsforproposingthepointsystem

is.

A.togiveprioritytoimmigrantsfromChina

B.toprotecttheUSfromterroristattacks

C.toattractskilledimmigrants”

D.toincreasepopulation

37、Whatdocriticsontherightsayabouttheproposedpointsystem?

A.Itopposesfamilyunity.

B.Itisverydifficulttoapply.

C.ItopposesAmericanvalues.

D.Itdoesnotmeettheneedsofhigh-techemployers.

38、WhichstatementisNOTtrueofthecurrentsystem?

A.Itiskinship-based.

B.ItputspressureontheUS.

C.Itdrawslow-skilledworkers.

D.Itattractshighly-educatedpeople.

39、Whocanapplyforfamilyvisasinfuture?

A.Theunclesandauntsoflegalimmigrants.

B.Thebrothersandsistersoflegalimmigrants.

C.Thespousesandyoungchildrenoflegalimmigrants.

D.Theparentsandgrandparentsoflegalimmigrants.

40、Whichcountryadoptedthepointsystemin2022?

A.TheUK.

B.TheUS.

C.Canada.

D.AustraliaANewImmigrationBill

41、依據(jù)材料，答復(fù)4146問題。

CollegeStudents“FinancialPressureinU.S.

Eachsemester,AndrewTomreceivesatermbilloutlininghis

expenses:tuition,dormfee,studentcenterfee,recreationfee,residentactivityfee,

healthinsurance.Ifonlytherestofhisexpenseswereaseasytoquantify.

'It"slikeyoustartoutthesemesterwithplentyofmoneyandthen$20for

dinnerouthereand$100atthedepartmentstorethere,it“sgone,44saidTom,a

NortheasternUniversitythird-yearstudent.<4Andtherearesomanythingsyou

needliketoothpasteorlaundrydetergent.（洗滌劑）thatyoudon“tthinkabout

untilyougethereandneedit.”

Fromthebooksliningtheirshelvestothefashionableclothesfilling

theirclosets,collegestudentssaytheexpensesofacollegeeducationgowell

beyondtuitionandadininghallmealplan.Manysaytheyarriveoncampusonly

tobeoverwhelmedbyunexpectedcostsfromsportsfeestotheactualpriceof

asliceofpizza.

Balancingajobwithschoolwork,especiallyatcollegesknownfor

theirheavyworkloadslikeHarvardandMIT,canbetough.Socanthepressure

studentsoftenfeeltofinanciallykeeppacewiththeirfriends.

“Whenyougetdraggedalongshopping,you5,regoingtospend

money;ifyougetdraggedtoapartyandeveryonewantstotakeacabbut

you“recheapandwanttotakeabus.Chancesareyou'llendupsharingthefee

forthecab,“saidTom."Iguessyoucouldsayno,butnoonewantstobetheonlyone

eatinginthesnackbarwhileyourfriendsareouttodinner.”

MaxCohen,abiologymajoratMIT,saidheisaccustomedto

watchingfellowstudentsspend$40anighttohavedinnerdeliveredor$50

duringanightoutata,bar.Duringtheschool'srecentspringbreak,friendson

tripsfortheweekpostedawaymessagesthatreadlikeawordmap—Pads,Rome,

Tokyo."MeanwhileIstayhomeandwork,44saidCohen."Ididn“trealize

whenIcamehereh