UNIT1Unit1FoodMatters單元素養(yǎng)評(píng)估B卷第一部分聽(tīng)力（略）第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分）第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIn1812,theyearCharlesDickenswasborn,therewere66novelspublishedinBritain.Peoplehadbeenwritingnovelsforacentury—mostexpertsdatethefirstnoveltoRobinsonCrusoein1719—butnobodywantedtodoitprofessionally.Thesteam-poweredprintingpresswasstillinitsearlystages;theliteracy(識(shí)字)rateinEnglandwasunder50%.Manyworksoffictionappearedwithoutthenamesoftheauthors,oftenwithsomethinglike“Byalady”.Novels,forthemostpart,werelookeduponassilly,immoral,orjustplainbad.In1870,whenDickensdied,theworldmournedhimasitsfirstprofessionalwriterandpublisher,famousandbeloved,whohadledanexplosioninboththepublicationofnovelsandtheirreadershipandwhosecharacters—fromOliverTwisttoTinyTim—wereheldupasmoraltouch-stones.TodayDickens’greatnessisunchallenged.Removinghimfromthepantheon(名人堂)ofEnglishliteraturewouldmakeaboutasmuchsenseastheLouvresellingofftheMonaLisa.HowdidDickensgettothetop?Forallthefeelingsreadersattachtostories,literatureisanumbersgame,andthetestoftimeisextremelydifficulttopass.Some60,000novelswerepublishedduringtheVictorianage,from1837to1901;todayacasualreadermightbeabletonameahalf-dozenofthem.It’spartlytruethatDickens’styleofwritingattractedaudiencesfromallwalksoflife.It’spartlythathiswritingsrodeawaveofsocial,politicalandscientificprogress.Butit’salsothatherewrotethecultureofliteratureandputhimselfatthecentre.Noonewilleverknowwhatmixoftalent,ambition,energyandluckmadeDickenssuchadistinguishedwriter.Butasthe209thanniversaryofhisbirthapproaches,itispossible—andimportantforourownculture—tounderstandhowhemadehimselfalastingone.21.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBritishnovelsinthe18thcentury?A.Theyweredifficulttounderstand.B.Theywerepopularamongtherich.C.Theywereseenasnearlyworthless.D.Theywerewrittenmostlybywomen.22.DickensiscomparedwiththeMonaLisainthetexttostress_______.A.hisreputationinFranceB.hisinterestinmodernartC.hissuccessinpublicationD.hisimportanceinliterature23.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Torememberagreatwriter.B.TointroduceanEnglishnovel.C.Toencouragestudiesonculture.D.TopromotevaluesoftheVictorianage.BWhenitcomestothemostfamous20thcenturypaintersoftheUnitedStates,GrandmaMosesshouldbementioned,althoughshedidnotstartpaintinguntilshewasinherlateseventies.Assheoncesaidtoherself,“Iwouldneversitbackinarockingchair,waitingforsomeonetohelpme”.Noonecouldhavehadamoreactiveoldage．ShewasbornonafarminNewYorkState,oneoffiveboysandfivegirls.At12shelefthomeandwasindomesticserviceuntilat27shemarriedThomasMoses,thehiredhandofoneofheremployers.Theyfarmedmostoftheirlives,firstinVirginiaandtheninNewYorkState,atEagleBridge.Shehadtenchildren,ofwhomfivesurvived;herhusbanddiedin1927．GrandmaMosespaintedalittleasachildandmadeembroidery(刺繡)picturesasahobby,butonlychangedtooilsinoldagebecauseherhandsbecametoostiff(僵硬的)tosewandshestillwantedtokeepbusyandpassthetime.Herpictureswerefirstsoldatthelocaldrugstoreandatamarketandweresoonnoticedbyabusinessmanwhoboughtallthatshepainted.ThreeofthepictureswereexhibitedintheMuseumofModernArt,andin1940shehadherfirstexhibitioninNewYork.Betweenthe1930’sandherdeath,sheproducedsome2,000pictures:carefulandlivelyportrayalsofthecountrylifeshehadknownforsolong,withawonderfulsenseofcolorandform.“IthinkreallyhardtillIthinkofsomethingreallypretty,andthenIpaintit”shesaid．24.WhatcanwelearnaboutMoses?A.Shestoppedpaintinginherlateseventies.B.Shestillledanactivelifewhenshewasold.C.Hermarriagelifewasnothappy.D.Shepaintedoilsasachild.25.WhatdidGrandmaMosesspendmostofherlifedoing?A.Embroidering. B.Farming.C.Nursing. D.Painting.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“portrayals”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Directions. B.Stages.C.Surveys. D.Descriptions.27.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage？A.GrandmaMoses:theBestWomanPainterB.GrandmaMosesandHerFarmLifeC.GrandmaMosesandHerExhibitionD.GrandmaMoses:AFamousWomanPainterof20thCenturyCCowboyorspaceman?Adilemmaforachildren’sparty,perhaps.Butalsoaquestionforeconomists,arguedKennethBoulding,aBritisheconomist,inanessaypublishedin1966.Wehaverunoureconomies,hewarned,likecowboysontheopengrassland:takingandusingtheworld’sresources,confidentthatmoreliesoverthehorizon.ButtheEarthislessagrasslandthanaspaceship—aclosedsystem,aloneinspace,carryinglimitedsupplies.Weneed,saidBoulding,aneconomicsthattakesseriouslytheideaofenvironmentallimits.Inthehalfcenturysincehisessay,anewmovementhasrespondedtohis

challenge.“Ecologicaleconomists”,astheycallthemselves,wanttorevolutioniseitsaimsandassumptions.Whatdotheysay—andwilltheirideasachievelift-off?Toitsadvocators,ecologicaleconomicsisneitherecologynoreconomics,butamixofboth.Theirstartingpointistorecognisethatthehumaneconomyispartofthenaturalworld.Ourenvironment,theynote,isbothasourceofresourcesandasinkforwastes.Butitisignoredinconventionaltextbooks,whereneatdiagramstracetheflowsbetweenfirms,householdsandthegovernmentasthoughnaturedidnotexist.Thatisamistake,sayecologicaleconomists.Therearetwowaysoureconomiescangrow,ecologicaleconomistspointout:throughtechnologicalchange,orthroughmoreintensiveuseofresources.Onlytheformer,theysay,isworthhaving.TheyaresuspiciousofGDP,acrudemeasurewhichdoesnottakeaccountofresourceexhaustion,unpaidwork,andcountlessotherfactors.Initsplacetheyadvocatemoreholistic(全面的)approaches,suchastheGenuineProgressIndicator(GPI),acomposite

index(復(fù)合指標(biāo))thatincludesthingslikethecostofpollution,deforestationandcaraccidents.WhileGDPhaskeptgrowing,globalGPIperpersonpeakedin1978:bydestroyingourenvironmentwearemakingourselvespoorer,notricher.Thesolution,saysHermanDaly,aformerWorldBankeconomistandeco-guru,isa“steady-state”

economy,wheretheuseofmaterialsandenergyisheldconstant.Mainstreameconomistsareunimpressed.TheGPI,theypointout,isasubjectivemeasure.AndtalkoflimitstogrowthhashadabadpresssincethedaysofThomasMalthus,agloomy18thcenturyclericwhopredicted,wrongly,thatoverpopulationwouldleadtofamine.Humanbeingsfindsolutionstosomeofthemostannoyingproblems.Butecologicaleconomistswarnagainstself-satisfaction.In2009apaperin

Nature,ascientificjournal,arguedthathumanactivityisalreadyoversteppingsafeplanetaryboundariesonissuessuchas

biodiversity(生物多樣性)andclimatechange.Thatsuggeststhatecologicaleconomistsareatleastaskingsomeimportantquestions,eveniftheiranswersturnouttobewrong.28.KennethBouldingandthecontentofhisessayatthebeginningofthispassagearemeantto.A.pointouthowignorantofnaturethecowboysareB.blamehumanbeingsfortheirexploitationofnatureC.askpeopletotakeseriouslytheenvironmentlimitsD.introduceecologicaleconomistsandecologisteconomics29.Accordingtoecologicaleconomists,whatisthemistakeexistinginconventionaltextbooks?A.EcologyandeconomicsarenotmixedtogetherB.Humaneconomyisn’trecognizedaspartsofnatureC.TheenvironmenthasbothresourcesandwastesD.Diagramsconnectfirms,householdsandthegovernment30.ThecomparisonbetweenGDPandGPIdatain1978haswarnedusthat.A.GDPiscrudemeasurethatisnotworthusingB.caraccidentshouldbyallmeansincludeinGDPC.wearegainingmaterialwealthbydestroyingnatureD.resourcesandenergywillonedaybetotallyusedup31.Whichinthefollowingwilltheauthorprobablyagree?A.theaimsandassumptionsofeconomicsneedtoberevolutionizedB.GDPandGPIshouldbebothacceptedbymainstreameconomistsC.HumanbeingscanalwaysfindsolutionstoalltheannoyingproblemsD.Ecologicaleconomists’concernsabouttheworldareworthnoticing.DThirtyyearsago,Switzerland-basedartistKlausLittmanncameacrossagreatdrawing,titledTheUnendingAttractionofNature.Thedrawing,byAustrianartistandarchitectMaxPeintner,displaysasceneinwhichnatureissodetached(分離)fromtheenvironmentthatitbecomesjustasmallpiece,preservedforamusement.Giventhatwearenowlosing18.7millionacresofforestseachyear,Peintner’sdrawingwasprescient,tosaytheleast.“WhenIfirstsawthe1970/71pencildrawing,Iwasfascinated.Iknewthatonedaythisworkwouldbethestartingpointforamajorartprojectinpublicspace,”saysLittmann.Now,decadeslater,Littmannhasachievedthevisionwiththeinstallation(移植)ofFORFOREST:TheUnendingAttractionofNature.TheinstallationsetsanativecentralEuropeanforestinthemiddleofW?rtherseeFootballStadiuminKlagenfurt.Withnearly300treesplanted,someweighinguptosixtonseach,itisAustria’slargestpublicartinstallation.Inthefaceofclimatecrisisanddeforestation(毀林),FORFORESTcomeswithamorepressingurgency.Asexplainedinastatementabouttheinstallation:“Insupportoftoday’smostpressingissuesonclimatechangeanddeforestation,FORFORESTaimstochallengeourunderstandingofnatureandquestionitsfuture.Itseekstobecomeamemorial(紀(jì)念物),remindingusthatnature,whichwesooftentakeforgranted,maysomedayonlybefoundinspecialspaces,asisalreadythecasewithanimalsinzoos.”TheactualcreationofthemanmadeforestwasmanagedbylandscapearchitectEnzoEneaandhiscompany,EneaLandscapeArchitecture.Itincludesmanykindsoftrees.HavingopenedonSeptember8,onecanimagineitalreadyattractingsurprisedandhappycreaturestothefield.Regretfully,theinstallationwillbeclosedsoon.Inashortvideoaboutthework,Littmansayshisgoalwasnevertomakesomethingthatwouldlastforever;rather,hesays,“Mygoalisforthispicturetoremaininpeople’sheadforalifetime.”32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“prescient”inparagraph1probablymean?A.Abletoaffectthefuture.B.Abletolastlongenough.C.Abletodrawmuchattention.D.Abletoknowwhatwillhappen.33.WhyisthedrawingTheUnendingAttractionofNaturedescribed?A.ToshowitisoneofLittmann’smasterpieces.B.ToemphasisitleftadeepimpressiononLittmann.C.Toindicateit’sthesourceofLittmann’sinspiration.D.Topresentitisanexampleofthenature-themedart.34.Whatisthesignificanceoftheinstallation?A.Itseekstobecomeamemorial.B.Itisfriendlytotheenvironment.C.ItisAustria’slargestartisticwork.D.Itwarnspeopleofenvironmentalissues.35.Whatcanweknowaboutthemanmadeforestaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.ItwasmadeandmanagedbyLittman.B.Itwon’tlastforalongtime.C.Itdidn’tattractmuchinterest.D.Itincludessomespecialanimals.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoRememberWhatYouReadReadingisimportant.Butthenextstepismakingsurethatyourememberwhatyou'veread!___36___youmayhavejustreadthetext.Buttheideas,conceptsandimages（形象）mayflyrightoutofyourhead.Hereareafewtricksforrememberingwhatyouread.●___37___Iftheplot,characters,orwordusageisconfusingforyou,youlikelywon'tbeabletorememberwhatyouread.It'sabitlikereadingaforeignlanguage.Ifyoudon'tunderstandwhatyou'rereading,howwouldyourememberit?Butthereareafewthingsyoucando...Useadictionary;lookupthedifficultwords.●Areyouconnected?Doesacharacterremindyouofafriend?Doesthesettingmakeyouwanttovisittheplace?Doesthebookinspireyou,andmakeyouwanttoreadmore?Withsomebooks,youmayfeelaconnectionrightaway.___38___

Howwillingareyoutomaketheconnectionshappen?●Readit;hearit;beit!Readthelines.Then,speakthemoutloud.And,putsomecharacterintothewords.Whenhewaswritinghisnovels,CharlesDickenswouldactoutthepartsofthecharacters.He'dmakefacesinthemirror,andchangehisvoiceforeachcharacter.___39___●Howoftendoyouread?Ifyoureadfrequently,you'lllikelyhaveaneasiertimewithrememberingwhatyou’rereadingandwhatyou'veread.___40___Asyoumakereadingaregularpartofyourlife,you'llmakemoreconnections,staymorefocusedandunderstandthetextbetter.You’lllearntoenjoyliterature-asyourememberwhatyouread!A.Areyouconfused?B.Practicemakesperfect.C.What'syourmotivation?D.Memoryissometimesatrickything.E.Markinghelpsyourememberwhatyouread.F.Butotherbooksrequireabitmoreworkonyourpart.G.Youcandothesamethingwhenyouarereadingthetext!第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Oneofourfavouritepatientshadbeeninandoutofourhospitalseveraltimes;weallhadgrownquiteattachedtoherandherhusband.Inspiteofterminalcancerandpain,shenever

41

togiveusasmileorahug.Wheneverherhusbandcame,sheglowed.

I

42

theirexpressionoflove.Daily,hebroughtherfreshflowersanda

43

,thensatbyherbed,holdinghandsandtalkingquietly.Everynight,beforeleaving,he

44

thedoorsotheycouldspendtimealonetogether.Whenhewasgone,we'dfindhersleeping

45

withasmileonherlips.

Onenightshetooka(n)

46

fortheworseandwouldn'tmakeitthroughthenight.Although

47

,Iknewthiswasforthebest.Atleastshewouldn'tbein

48

anylonger.WhenIenteredtheroom,shesmiledweakly.Her

49

satbesideher,smiling,too,andsaid,"Myloveis

50

goingtogetherreward."

Tearscametomyeyes.Ataboutmidnightshe

51

withherhusbandstillholdingherhand.Icomfortedhimandwithtearsrunningdownhischeeks,hesaid,"MayIbe

52

withherforawhile?"

Istoodoutsidetheroom,wipingmytears.Icould

53

thepainofherhusband.Suddenlyfromtheroomcamethemost

54

voiceI'veeverheardsinging.Alloftheothernurses

55

outtolistenashesang"BeautifulBrownEyes"atthetopofhisvoice.

Whenthetune

56

,thedooropenedandhesaidtome,"Isangthatsongtohereverynight.NormallyIkeepmy

57

downnottodisturbtheotherpatients.ButIhadtomakesuresheheardmetonightasshewasonherwayto

58

,knowingshewillalwaysbemyforeverlove.PleaseapologisetoanyoneI

59

.Doyouthinkshewillhearme?"

I

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myhead,unabletostopmytears.Hethankedmeforbeingtheirnurseandfriend.Hethankedtheothernurses,thenturnedandwalkeddownthehall,whistlingthesongsoftlyashewent.A.failed

B.stopped

C.bothered

D.preferredA.noticed

B.respected

C.admired

D.understoodA.gift

B.child

C.surprise

D.smileA.approached

B.closed

C.reached

D.heldA.restlessly

B.calmly

C.hopefully

D.peacefullyA.way

B.choice

C.turn

D.exchangeA.sad

B.busy

C.worried

D.seared.A.pain

B.need

C.trouble

D.dangerA.family

B.nurse

C.doctor

D.husbandA.seldom

B.finally

C.always

D.neverA.brokedown

B.gaveup

C.gotthrough

D.passedawayA.alone

B.away

C.together

D.stillA.recognize

B.tolerate

C.feel

D.sympathizeA.thrilling

B.beautiful

C.attractive

D.meaningfulA.looked

B.stood

C.stepped

D.reachedA.changed

B.faded

C.paused

D.continuedA.voice

B.song

C.feeling

D.silenceA.home

B.peace

C.heaven

D.destinationA.scolded

B.visited

C.complained

D.botheredA.lowered

B.nodded

C.raised

D.shook第II卷第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分45分）第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。WhatwouldhappenifallofEarth’sicemelted?AsEarthgets___61___(hot)everyyear,theplanet’sicesuffers.Theiceismeltingfasterthanever.Seaiceis___62___(main)inth