Unit1-單元過關(guān)測(cè)試卷第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AMay29-June2SummerCampfortheWholeFamily!FamilyCamp,anannualeventatHolidayLake4-HEducationalCenterinAppomattox,Virginia,offersthechanceforfamilymemberstosocializewitheachotherwhileatthesametimeexperiencingtheirownlevelofindependenceinasafeenvironment.Participantstakethreeclassesaday,oneofwhichisspeciallyappointedasafamilyactivity.Classesofferedincludeswimming,theatrearts,nature,canoeing,andmore.Afternoonsandeveningsarefilledwithspecialactivitiessuchashikes,canoetrips,andcampfires.FamilyCampoffersavarietyofactivitiesforallages.Spaceislimitedto25families.Registrationisnowunderwayandwillcontinueuntilallsportsarefull.Toreceiveregistrationinformation,pleasecallyourlocalExtensionOfficeorHeatherBenninghoveatHolidayLake4-HCenterat(434)248-5444.FamilyCamp,likeallHolidayLake4-HEducationalandVirginiaCooperativeExtensionprograms,isofferedtoall.Ifyou’reapersonwithadisabilityanddesireanyassistivedevicesorservicestoparticipateinFamilyCamp,pleasecontactthe4-HCenterat434-248-5444from8:00amto4:30pmtodiscussaccommodations5daysbeforethecampbegins.Prices:*Familyof4:$500*Eachadditionalmember:$75Payment:*$200depositwithregistration*FinalpaymentandallsignedformsdueMay5*Finalpaymentmaybesentanytime*Aninformationpacketandallrelevantformswillbemailedtoyouuponreceiptofregistrationanddeposit.Refunds:*FullbyMay7*NonrefundableafterMay71．Whatwilltheparticipantsofthecampbearrangedtodo?A．Attendclassesinthemorning.B．Gohikingorcanoeinginthemorning.C．Havesportsingroupsinthegym.D．Joininfunnygamesintheevening.2．Ifyouhavespecialrequirementsforassistivedevices,whatisthelatestdatetocallthecentre?A．May,29. B．May,24. C．May,20. D．May,7.3．HowmuchwillMr.Smithpayifhetakeshisparents,hiswifeandhis5-year-oldtwinkidstothecamp?A．$500. B．$570. C．$610. D．$650.【答案】1．A2．B3．D【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要推廣介紹一個(gè)家庭夏令營(yíng)的相關(guān)信息。1．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Participantstakethreeclassesaday,oneofwhichisspeciallyappointedasafamilyactivity.Classesofferedincludeswimming,theatrearts,nature,canoeing,andmore.Afternoonsandeveningsarefilledwithspecialactivitiessuchashikes,canoetrips,andcampfires.（參與者每天上三節(jié)課，其中一節(jié)課是專門指定的家庭活動(dòng)。課程包括游泳、戲劇藝術(shù)、自然、皮劃艇等。下午和晚上都有特殊的活動(dòng)，如徒步旅行、獨(dú)木舟旅行和篝火。）”可知，參與者的課程是安排在上午的，故選擇A項(xiàng)。2．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Ifyou’reapersonwithadisabilityanddesireanyassistivedevicesorservicestoparticipateinFamilyCamp,pleasecontactthe4-HCenterat434-248-5444from8:00amto4:30pmtodiscussaccommodations5daysbeforethecampbegins.（如果你是一名殘疾人，希望使用任何輔助設(shè)備或服務(wù)參加家庭夏令營(yíng)，請(qǐng)?jiān)谙牧顮I(yíng)開始前5天上午8:00至下午4:30致電434-248-5444聯(lián)系4-H中心，討論住宿事宜。）”可知，開營(yíng)時(shí)間是在五月二十九日，那么至少五天前應(yīng)該就是在五月二十四日，故選擇B項(xiàng)。3．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中Prices部分“*Familyof4:$500*Eachadditionalmember:$75（*四口之家：500美元*每增加一名成員：75美元）”題干中史密斯一家一共有六口人，多出來的2人每人75美元，500+75*2=650美元，故選擇D項(xiàng)。BSuddenlyUncleHenrystoodup.“There’sacyclonecoming,Em,”hecalledtohiswife.“I’llgotolookafterthestock.”Thenherantowardtheshedswherethecowsandhorseswerekept.AuntEmdroppedherworkandcametothedoor.Oneglancetoldherofthedangercloseathand.“Quick,Dorothy!”shescreamed.“Runforthecellar(地客)!”TotojumpedoutofDorothy’sarmsandhidunderthebed,andthegirlstartedtogethim.AuntEm,badlyfrightened,threwopenthetrapdoorinthefloorandclimbeddowntheladderintothesmall,darkhole.DorothycaughtTotoatlastandstartedtofollowheraunt.Whenshewashalfwayacrosstheroomtherecameagreatroar(咆哮)fromthewind,andthehouseshooksohardthatshelostherfootingandsatdownsuddenlyuponthefloor.Thenastrangethinghappened.Thehousecircledaroundtwoorthreetimesandroseslowlythroughtheair.Dorothyfeltasifsheweregoingupinaballoon.Itwasverydark,andthewindblewhorriblyaroundher,butDorothyfoundshewasridingquiteeasily.Afterthefirstfewtwistsandturns,andoneothertimewhenthehousetippedbadly,shefeltasifshewerebeingrockedgently,likeababyinacradle(搖籃).Totodidnotlikeit.Heranabouttheroom,nowhere,nowthere,barkingloudly;butDorothysatquitestillonthefloorandwaitedtoseewhatwouldhappen.Atlastshecrawledovertheswingingfloortoherbed,andlaydownuponit;andTotofollowedandlaydownbesideher.Inspiteoftheswingingofthehouseandthecryingofthewind,Dorothysoonclosedhereyesandfellfastasleep.4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“cyclone”inparagraph1probablymean?A．hurricane B．flood C．monster D．earthquake5．WhydidAuntEmgointotheholeinthefloorwhenthecycloneapproached?A．TofindthepuppyToto.B．Tofindshelterfromthecyclone.C．Toprotecttheirfortune.D．TogettoolstohelpHenry.6．WhichofthefollowingisTrueaboutDorothy?A．Shemanagedtocontrolthehouse.B．Shefoundherselfflyinginaballoon.C．Sheturnedbabycryingloudly.D．SheremainedundisturbedwithToto.7．WhichwordscanbestdescribeDorothyintheemergency?A．Afraidandfrightened. B．Curiousandtired.C．Flexibleandcalm. D．Excitedandnervous.【答案】4．A5．B6．D7．C【分析】本文是記敘文。文章講述了當(dāng)風(fēng)暴來臨時(shí)一家人對(duì)風(fēng)暴不同的反應(yīng)。Em姨媽快速地尋找庇護(hù)所，Henry急忙去看家畜，Dorothy也并沒有慌張，而是靈活鎮(zhèn)定地應(yīng)對(duì)這場(chǎng)風(fēng)暴。4．【解析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段“There’sacyclonecoming,Em,(艾米,cyclone來了)”和下文中提到的“thewind”，以及第三段中的“thehousetippedbadly,shefeltasifshewerebeingrockedgently,likeababyinacradle.(房子傾斜地厲害，他感覺好像她當(dāng)時(shí)正在被輕輕搖動(dòng)，像一個(gè)在搖籃里的嬰兒)”可推知，劃線詞cyclone指的“風(fēng)暴”，與hurricane詞義相近。故選A。5．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“AuntEm,badlyfrightened,threwopenthetrapdoorinthefloorandclimbeddowntheladderintothesmall,darkhole.(Em姨媽嚇壞了，把地板上的活板門打開了，順著梯子爬進(jìn)了一個(gè)小黑洞中)”可知，風(fēng)暴接近時(shí)，Em姨媽鉆進(jìn)地板下面的洞中，是為了在風(fēng)暴來臨時(shí)尋找庇護(hù)所。故選B。6．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Atlastshecrawledovertheswingingfloortoherbed,andlaydownuponit;andTotofollowedandlaydownbesideher.Inspiteoftheswingingofthehouseandthecryingofthewind,Dorothysoonclosedhereyesandfellfastasleep.(最后，她爬過擺動(dòng)的地板到了床上。Toto跟著她在旁邊躺下。盡管房子在搖晃，風(fēng)聲很大，但Dorothy很快還是閉上了眼睛睡著了)”可知，Dorothy和Toto似乎并沒有受到打擾。故選D。7．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“TotojumpedoutofDorothy’sarmsandhidunderthebed,andthegirlstartedtogethim.AuntEm,badlyfrightened,threwopenthetrapdoorinthefloorandclimbeddowntheladderintothesmall,darkhole.DorothycaughtTotoatlastandstartedtofollowheraunt.(Toto從Dorothy的懷里跳出來，藏在床底下，Dorothy也開始去抓它。Em嬸嬸嚇壞了，打開地板上的活板門，爬下梯子，進(jìn)了那個(gè)又小又黑的洞里。Dorothy終于抓住了Toto，開始跟著她的姑媽)”、第三段“Itwasverydark,andthewindblewhorriblyaroundher,butDorothyfoundshewasridingquiteeasily.(天很黑，風(fēng)在她周圍可怕地吹著，但是多蘿茜發(fā)現(xiàn)她飛得很輕松)”和倒數(shù)第二段“Inspiteoftheswingingofthehouseandthecryingofthewind,Dorothysoonclosedhereyesandfellfastasleep.(盡管房子在搖晃，風(fēng)聲很大，但Dorothy很快還是閉上了眼睛睡著了）”可推知，Dorothy在風(fēng)暴中，并不慌張，而是靈活鎮(zhèn)定地應(yīng)對(duì)這場(chǎng)風(fēng)暴。故選C。CTodayabout70countriesuseDaylightSavingTime(DST).DaylightSavingwasfirstintroducedduringWorldWarIinAustralia.Duringtheworldwars,DSTwasusedforthelatesummersbeginningJanuary1917and1942,andthefullsummersbeginningSeptember1942and1943.In1967,Tasmaniaexperiencedadrought(干旱).TheStateGovernmentintroducedonehourofdaylightsavingthatsummerasawayofsavingpowerandwater.TasmanianslikedtheideaofdaylightsavingandtheTasmanianGovernmenthasdeclareddaylightsavingeachsummersince1968.PersuadedbytheTasmanianGovernment,allstatesexcepttwopassedalawin1971,foratestuseofdaylightsaving.In1972,NewSouthWales,SouthAustraliaandVictoriajoinedTasmaniaforregulardaylightsaving,butQueenslanddidnotdosountil1989.Tasmania,QueenslandandSouthAustraliahavehadirregularplans,oftenchangingtheirdatesduetopoliticsorfestivals(節(jié)日).Forexample,in1992,Tasmaniaextended(延長(zhǎng))daylightsavingbyanextramonthwhileSouthAustraliabeganextendingdaylightsavingbytwoweeksfortheAdelaideFestival.SpecialdaylightsavingplansweremadeduringtheSydney2000OlympicGames.ThedifferencesindaylightsavinginAustraliacontinuetocauseseriousproblemsintransportandmanyothersocialactivities.Italsoreducesthenumberofhoursintheworkingdaythatarecommontoallcentersinthecountry.Inparticular,timedifferencesalongtheeastcoastcausemajordifferences,especiallyforthebroadcastersofnationalradioandtelevision.8．DaylightSavingTimewasintroducedinTasmania_______________.A．tostopthedroughtin1967 B．tosupportgovernmentofficialsC．topassaspeciallawinthestate D．tosavewaterandelectricity9．Accordingtothetext,whichstatewasthelasttouseDST?A．Victoria. B．Queensland.C．SouthAustralia. D．NewSouthWales.10．WhatcanwelearnaboutDSTinsomeAustralianstates?A．Itdoesn’thavefixeddates. B．Itisnotusedinfestivals.C．Itsplanwaschangedin2000. D．Itlastsfortwoweeks.11．WhatdoweknowabouttheuseofDSTfromthelastparagraph?A．Thereexistsomeundesirableeffects.B．Ithelpslittletosaveenergy.C．Itbringsaboutlongerworkingdays.D．RadioandTVprogramsbecomedifferent.【答案】8．D9．B10．A11．A【分析】本文是說明文。文章介紹了澳大利亞夏令時(shí)的歷史和影響。8．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“In1967,Tasmaniaexperiencedadrought.TheStateGovernmentintroducedonehourofdaylightsavingthatsummerasawayofsavingpowerandwater.(在1967年，塔斯馬尼亞經(jīng)歷了一場(chǎng)干旱。那年夏天，州政府引入了一小時(shí)的夏令時(shí)，以節(jié)約電力和水)”可知，塔斯馬尼亞州引入夏令時(shí)是為了節(jié)約電力和水。故選D項(xiàng)。9．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“In1972,NewSouthWales,SouthAustraliaandVictoriajoinedTasmaniaforregulardaylightsaving,butQueenslanddidnotdosountil1989.(1972年，新南威爾士州、南澳大利亞州和維多利亞州加入塔斯馬尼亞州，實(shí)行常規(guī)夏令時(shí)，但昆士蘭州直到1989年才這樣做)”可知，Queensland是最后實(shí)行夏令時(shí)的州。故選B項(xiàng)。10．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Tasmania,QueenslandandSouthAustraliahavehadirregularplans,oftenchangingtheirdatesduetopoliticsorfestivals.Forexample,in1992,TasmaniaextendeddaylightsavingbyanextramonthwhileSouthAustraliabeganextendingdaylightsavingbytwoweeksfortheAdelaideFestival.(塔斯馬尼亞州、昆士蘭州和南澳大利亞州都有不定期的計(jì)劃，經(jīng)常因?yàn)檎位蚬?jié)日而改變?nèi)掌?。例如?992年，塔斯馬尼亞州將夏令時(shí)延長(zhǎng)了一個(gè)月，而南澳大利亞州為了阿德萊德節(jié)開始將夏令時(shí)延長(zhǎng)兩周)”可知，澳大利亞的一些州的夏令時(shí)并沒有固定日期。故選A項(xiàng)。11．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“ThedifferencesindaylightsavinginAustraliacontinuetocauseseriousproblemsintransportandmanyothersocialactivities.(澳大利亞夏令時(shí)的不同繼續(xù)給交通和許多其他社會(huì)活動(dòng)帶來嚴(yán)重的問題)”可知，澳大利亞夏令時(shí)的使用造成一些不良影響。故選A項(xiàng)。DRelicsareartifacts(人工制品)fromancientcivilizationssuchastheEgyptians,Greeks,andMayans.Onmanyoccasions,archaeologistsdiscoverrelicscontainingtextwritteninancientlanguages.Theseitemscouldbeancientbooksandscrolls(卷軸)ortheycouldsimplybevasesandcoinswithwritingonthem.Interpretingthesetextscanbedifficult,particularlyifthelanguageisapreviouslyundiscoveredone,andthetextsmayadditionallybehardtoreadiftheyareincompleteorifsectionshavewornaway.Anothercomplicationisthatinterpretingthemmustbedonewithoutthereaderintroducinganybias(偏見)baseduponmodernlanguageandculture.Lostlanguagesareamongthenumerousbarriersarchaeologistsmustbreakthroughtointerprettextsonrelics.Onesolutionistoemployakey,suchastheRosettaStone,whichwasdiscoveredinEgyptin1799.ItcontainsanancientEgyptiandecree(法令)writteninthreelanguages,oneofwhichisinEgyptianhieroglyphics(象形文字),anunknownlanguageatthetimeofitsdiscovery;however,anotherlanguageonitisancientGreek,whichscholarsunderstood.Bycomparingthetext,scholarsmadegreatleaps(躍進(jìn))ininterpretinghieroglyphics.Unfortunately,otherancientlanguages,suchasMinoanLinearA,havenotbeenfiguredoutprimarilybecausenokeythatcanassisttranslationeffortshasbeendiscoveredyet.TheRosettaStonewasmostlyunscathed,butitsmissingpartsincreasedthedifficultyofinterpretingitstext,somethingwhichfrequentlyhappenswithrelics.Thepassageoftimemayresultincarvings,paintings,drawings,andtextualinscriptions(題字)gettingwornaway.Forexample,theTelDanStone,astonewithancientHebrewinscriptionsthatwasfoundinIsraelin1993,isbrokeninplaces,andlargepiecesoftextaremissing.Theresultisalong-standingcontroversyoverthepreciseinterpretationofthewritingonit.Howmodernscholarsviewtextsisanotherbarriertointerpretingthemsincetranslatorshavetheirownpersonalbiases.Researchersmustthereforekeepthehistoricalandculturalcontextoftheperiodwhenthetextwaswritteninmind.Thiscanbedifficultwhenlittleisknownofthepeoplewhowrotethetextandwhenorwhytheywroteit.12．WhatdoweknowabouttheRosettaStone?A．IthasancientGreeklawonit.B．ItwasdiscoveredinIsraelin1993.C．Itwasemployedtointerprethieroglyphics.D．Itconsistsofthreeunknownancientlanguages.13．WhyisMinoanLinearAmentionedinParagraph2?A．Totellthekeytoithasbeendiscovered.B．Toshowitstillremainsamysteryforscholars.C．ToproveitoriginatedformancientEgypt.D．Toconfirmwhatscholarshaveachieved.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unscathed”inParagraph3mostprobablymean?A．untouched B．unexplained C．undamaged D．undiscovered15．What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A．Searchingforlostlanguages.B．Interpretingtextsonancientrelics.C．DiscoveringancientHebrewinscriptions.D．Removingbarrierstolanguageexploring.【答案】12．C13．B14．C15．B【分析】本文是說明文。文章主要講述現(xiàn)代考古學(xué)家在翻譯古代的遺址上的文字時(shí)碰到了很多的困難。12．【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Lostlanguagesareamongthenumerousbarriersarchaeologistsmustbreakthroughtointerprettextsonrelics.Onesolutionistoemployakey,suchastheRosettaStone,whichwasdiscoveredinEgyptin1799.”（丟失的語言是考古學(xué)家們翻譯遺址上的文字必須要突破的障礙。一個(gè)解決辦法就是用一個(gè)解釋文本，比如羅塞塔石碑，它是在1799年在埃及被發(fā)現(xiàn)的。）可知，羅塞塔石碑被當(dāng)做解釋文本來翻譯丟失的語言——象形文字。故選C。13．【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Unfortunately,otherancientlanguages,suchasMinoanLinearA,havenotbeenfiguredoutprimarilybecausenokeythatcanassisttranslationeffortshasbeendiscoveredyet.”（不幸的是，另外一種古語言，比如MinoanLinearA，還沒有弄明白，因?yàn)檫€沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)可以幫助翻譯它的解釋文本。）可知，第二段提到MinoanLinearA是表明它對(duì)學(xué)者們來說還是個(gè)迷。故選B。14．【解析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)這句話“TheRosettaStonewasmostlyunscathed,butitsmissingpartsincreasedthedifficultyofinterpretingitstext,somethingwhichfrequentlyhappenswithrelics.”（羅塞塔石碑大部分被unscathed，但是它丟失的部分增加了翻譯它的文本的難度，丟失文本是經(jīng)常在遺址里發(fā)生的事情。）可知，but后面提到“它丟失的部分”，說明前面提到的大部分是“沒有丟失的部分”，那就是被保存下來的部分，沒有被破壞的部分，所以u(píng)nscathed應(yīng)該是“沒有被破壞”的意思，和undamaged意思相近。故選C。15．【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Interpretingthesetextscanbedifficult”（翻譯這些文本是很難的）可知，這篇文章主要講述翻譯古遺址上面的文本的事情。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Areplantsintelligent？Scienceisbeginningtothinkso.In2013,TheNewYorkerpublishedanarticlethatsettheplantsciencesworldonfire,foreverchangingthewayboththepublicandresearcherslookedatandstudiedtheplantkingdom.The“IntelligentPlant”waspreviouslyunheardof.16．Butfastforwardto2019,therearenowdozensofresearchpapersandhoursofvideopreparedandpublishedbyplantbiologistsdiscussingsomanyfactsofplantintelligence.17．Communication:Alotofevidencesuggeststhatplants,treesinparticular,cancommunicatewithoneanother18．ItisinsomewayssimilartotheInternetweuse.Theideaofplantsformingsucharelationshiptointeractisconsideredasanevolutionaryoutcome.Learning:19．Whatifplantscanlearnfromexperienceslikethedogs？Thescientistsdesignedexperiments,whosegoalwastoprovewhetherplantscouldlearn,anideathatseemedimpossible.Ultimately,theysucceededinnotonlytheirexperiments,butalsoinprovingthatplantscanactuallylearn.Memory:Asresearchandexperimentcontinueintotheplantmemory,peoplecan’thelpbutaskthequestion“howcansomethingwithoutabrainhavememories？”Studieshavedeterminedthatplantscanindeedlearnandcreatememories.20．Figuringoutthe“plantbrain”questionisthelogicalnextstep.Asmoreresearchcomesin,themoreitseemstoindicateplantintelligenceasaveryrealpossibility.A．Canplantsbetaught？B．Cantheyrememberthingsingeneral？C．Thiscommunicationoccursthroughundergroundnetworks.D．Itmakesnosensetoresearchplantscommunicationmethods.E.Theycandisplaytheirmemoryrecallthroughlearnedresponse.F.Thefollowingbehavioralcharacteristicsarefromtheexperiments.G.Therefore,theplantbiologycommunityclaimeditwascompletelybaseless.【答案】16．G17．F18．C19．A20．E【分析】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了討論了智慧植物并得出智慧植物的特征。16．【解析】根據(jù)上句“The“IntelligentPlant”waspreviouslyunheardof.(智慧植物以前是聞所未聞的。)”G項(xiàng)：Therefore,theplantbiologycommunityclaimeditwascompletelybaseless.(因此，植物生物界聲稱這是完全沒有根據(jù)的)承接上句并和上句構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，故選G。17．【解析】根據(jù)上句“Butfastforwardto2019,therearenowdozensofresearchpapersandhoursofvideopreparedandpublishedbyplantbiologistsdiscussingsomanyfactsofplantintelligence.(但到了2019年，植物生物學(xué)家已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備并發(fā)布了數(shù)十篇研究論文和數(shù)小時(shí)的視頻，討論了智慧植物的許多事實(shí)。)”和和后文列舉的智慧生物的具體特征，可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)：Thefollowingbehavioralcharacteristicsarefromtheexperiments.(實(shí)驗(yàn)得出以下行為特征)承上啟下，符合語境。故選F。18．【解析】根據(jù)上句“Alotofevidencesuggeststhatplants,treesinparticular,cancommunicatewithoneanother(很多證據(jù)表明，植物，尤其是樹木，可以相互交流)”C.Thiscommunicationoccursthroughundergroundnetworks.(這種通信通過地下網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行。)承接上文，對(duì)上文進(jìn)行總結(jié)，其中“communication”對(duì)應(yīng)上句的“communicate”。故選C。19．【解析】根據(jù)本段的中心句“Learning(學(xué)習(xí))”以及“Whatifplantscanlearnfromexperienceslikethedogs？(如果植物也能像狗一樣從經(jīng)驗(yàn)中學(xué)習(xí)呢？)”可知A項(xiàng)：Canplantsbetaught?(植物可以教嗎？)承接中心句，話題一致，其中“plants”原詞重現(xiàn)。故選A。20．【解析】根據(jù)上句“Studieshavedeterminedthatplantscanindeedlearnandcreatememories.(研究已經(jīng)確定，植物確實(shí)可以學(xué)習(xí)和創(chuàng)造記憶。)”E項(xiàng)：Theycandisplaytheirmemoryrecallthroughlearnedresponse.(他們可以通過習(xí)得的反應(yīng)來顯示他們的記憶。)話題一致；其中“memory”原詞重現(xiàn)，“they”指代上句“plants”。故選E。第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ThefirsttimemymomcameovertobabysitAlice,ournewborndaughter,foracoupleofhours,allIwantedtodowastakemyelderlyBrooklynoutforawalk.Brooklynwas21mydog.Fourteenyearsago,whenIfirstsawherinthepetstore,Iknewitwasadonedeal:wewere22.Ihadneverhadapet23,butIwelcomedeverythingaboutit.I24herwholelifeinphotos.Andduringlarge25gatherings,seeingmewithbabyBrooklyn,myfavouriteauntwouldtellmeonedayIwouldbeagreat26.Brooklynwas27gettingoldandgreywhenmydaughterwasborn,butshe28thenewbabywithgentleness.However,asmydaughter29moreandmorespaceinmylife,Brooklyn'splaceinitbeganto30.Andthelessofapriorityshebecame,thefurtherIfeltfrommyoldselfandthethingsthatusedtobe31tome.Bythetimeshewasnearly17,shewasina(n)32condition.Thedayshedied,shewasinsomuch33.Ifoughtbackmytearsandburiedmy34inherfurasIcarriedhertothe35.Whenthepetdoctorgavehertwoshotsthatwouldmakeher36forever,Iwatchedherbigbrowneyesgo37.“Restnow,mybaby."I38toher.Fouryearslater,Istill39thatdogeveryday,becauseshewastheonewhotaughtmetheheart-breakingbeautyofbeing40byanotherlivingbeing.21．A．a(chǎn)ctually B．merely C．surely D．a(chǎn)pparently22．A．recognized B．perceived C．reunited D．a(chǎn)ttached23．A．standingby B．movingabout C．growingup D．fittingin24．A．protected B．identified C．documented D．recalled25．A．company B．family C．school D．club26．A．doctor B．friend C．mother D．neighbour27．A．a(chǎn)lso B．a(chǎn)lready C．instead D．even28．A．welcomed B．hugged C．fed D．satisfied29．A．saved B．explored C．created D．occupied30．A．expand B．disappear C．shift D．fall31．A．simple B．tiring C．important D．safe32．A．critical B．fair C．steady D．original33．A．pain B．a(chǎn)nger C．trouble D．danger34．A．hands B．face C．body D．feet35．A．farm B．park C．zoo D．hospital36．A．cheerup B．fallasleep C．holdon D．keepquiet37．A．cold B．blank C．still D．blind38．A．whispered B．sighed C．whistled D．nodded39．A．a(chǎn)ttend B．greet C．guard D．miss40．A．a(chǎn)dmired B．needed C．a(chǎn)pproved D．remembered【答案】21．A22．D23．C24．C25．B26．C27．B28．A29．D30．D31．C32．A33．A34．B35．D36．B37．C38．A39．D40．B【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了14年前作者開始養(yǎng)了一只狗，作者很喜歡她，像一位母親一樣照顧她，但是后來作者的女兒出生了，作者把注意力都放在女兒身上，而狗狗的地位下降了。后來，狗狗去世了，作者很傷心，現(xiàn)在仍然每天都想起它。21．【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，Brooklyn是我的狗。A.actually事實(shí)上；B.merely僅僅，只是；C.surely肯定；D.apparently顯而易見地。由上文“allIwantedtodowastakemyelderlyBrooklynoutforawalk.”可知，上文提到作者的母親第一天來照顧自己的孩子時(shí)，作者想做的事就是帶著Brooklyn出去散步，此處具體解釋誰是Brooklyn，事實(shí)上，Brooklyn是作者的狗。故選A。22．【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：14年前，當(dāng)我第一次在寵物店見到它時(shí)，我就知道收養(yǎng)它是板上釘釘?shù)氖?，我們彼此很喜歡對(duì)方。A.recognized認(rèn)出；B.perceived察覺；C.reunited團(tuán)聚；D.attached系上，使依戀。由上文“Fourteenyearsago,whenIfirstsawherinthepetstore,Iknewitwasadonedeal”可知，作者第一次在寵物店見到Brooklyn的時(shí)候，就知道Brooklyn就是自己想要的狗，所以此處說彼此很喜歡。故選D。23．【解析】句意：我從來沒有養(yǎng)過寵物，但是我對(duì)這只狗的一切都很滿意。A.standingby支持；B.movingabout走來走去；C.growingup長(zhǎng)大；D.fittingin適應(yīng)。由上文“Ihadneverhadapet___3__,butIwelcomedeverythingaboutit”可知，作者雖然以前從未養(yǎng)過狗，但是作者對(duì)Brooklyn的一切都感到滿意。故選C。24．【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我用照片記錄了它的一生。A.protected保護(hù)；B.identified認(rèn)出；C.documented記錄；D.recalled回想。由下文“herwholelifeinphotos.”可知，作者用照片來記錄Brooklyn的一生。故選C。25．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在大家庭聚會(huì)的時(shí)候，看到我和Brooklyn在一起，我最喜歡的阿姨告訴我，有一天我會(huì)成為一位好母親。A.company公司；B.family家庭；C.school學(xué)校；D.club俱樂部。由下文“myfavouriteaunt”可知，此處指家庭聚會(huì)。故選B。26．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在大家庭聚會(huì)的時(shí)候，看到我和Brooklyn在一起，我最喜歡的阿姨告訴我，有一天我會(huì)成為一位好母親。A.doctor醫(yī)生；B.friend朋友；C.mother母親；D.neighbour鄰居。由上文“babyBrooklyn”可知，作者的阿姨看到作者照顧Brooklyn就像照顧孩子一樣，所以說作者以后會(huì)成為一位好母親。故選C。27．【解析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我女兒出生的時(shí)候，Brooklyn已經(jīng)老了，毛發(fā)也變白了，但它還是溫柔地迎接了我剛出生的女兒。A.also也；B.already已經(jīng)；C.instead代替，相反；D.even甚至。由下文“gettingoldandgreywhenmydaughterwasborn”可知，當(dāng)作者女兒出生時(shí)，Brooklyn已經(jīng)老了，毛發(fā)也變白了。故選B。28．【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我女兒出生的時(shí)候，Brooklyn已經(jīng)老了，毛發(fā)也變白了，但它還是溫柔地迎接了我剛出生的女兒。A.welcomed歡迎；B.hugged擁抱；C.fed喂養(yǎng)；D.satisfied使?jié)M意。由下文“thenewbabywithgentleness.”可知，Brooklyn溫柔地迎接作者剛出生的女兒。故選A。29．【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，隨著我女兒占據(jù)我越來越多的生活空間，Brooklyn的地位開始下降。A.saved節(jié)?。籅.explored探索；C.created創(chuàng)作；D.occupied占據(jù)。由下文“moreandmorespaceinmylife,”可知，此處指作者把越來越多的注意力都放在女兒身上。故選D。30．【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，隨著我女兒占據(jù)我越來越多的生活空間，Brooklyn的地位開始下降。A.expand擴(kuò)大；B.disappear消失；C.shift移動(dòng)；D.fall下降。由下文“Andthelessofapriorityshebecame”可知，此處指Brooklyn的地位開始下降。故選D。31．【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：它變得越來越不重要，我就越覺得自己和以前的自己，以及那些曾經(jīng)對(duì)我很重要的東西越來越疏遠(yuǎn)。A.simple簡(jiǎn)單的；B.tiring令人疲倦的；C.important重要的；D.safe安全的。由上文“Andthelessofapriorityshebecame,thefurtherIfeltfrommyoldselfandthethingsthatusedtobe”可知，Brooklyn變得越來越不重要，作者和它開始疏遠(yuǎn)，Brooklyn曾經(jīng)在作者心里很重要，所以此處指作者覺得和以前的自己，以及對(duì)自己很重要的東西，如Brooklyn，越來越疏遠(yuǎn)。故選C。32．【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在它快17歲的時(shí)候，它病重了。A.critical病重的；B.fair公平的；C.steady穩(wěn)定的；D.original原先的。由下文“Thedayshedied”可知，后來Brooklyn死了，所以可以推斷出，此處指Brooklyn病重。故選A。33．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：它死的那天，非常痛苦。A.pain痛苦；B.anger生氣；C.trouble困難，麻煩；D.danger危險(xiǎn)。由上文“Thedayshedied”和下文“Whenthepetdoctorgavehertwoshots”可知，Brooklyn病重的那一天，醫(yī)生給它打針，所以可以推斷出，它很痛苦。故選A。34．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我把它送到醫(yī)院時(shí)，我強(qiáng)忍住眼淚，把臉埋在它的毛發(fā)里。A.hands手；B.face臉；C.body身體；D.feet腳。由下文“inherfur”可知，作者強(qiáng)忍住淚水，把臉埋在它的毛發(fā)里。故選B。35．【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我把它送到醫(yī)院時(shí)，我強(qiáng)忍住眼淚，把臉埋在它的毛發(fā)里。A.farm農(nóng)場(chǎng)；B.park公園；C.zoo動(dòng)物園；D.hospital醫(yī)院。由下文“thepetdoctor”可知，作者把Brooklyn帶到了醫(yī)院。故選D。36．【解析】考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)寵物醫(yī)生給它打了兩針，讓它永遠(yuǎn)睡著的時(shí)候，我看著它棕色的大眼睛一動(dòng)不動(dòng)。A.cheerup使高興；B.fallasleep睡著；C.holdon等一下；D.keepquiet保持安靜。由下文“Restnow,mybaby,”和上文“Thedayshedied”可知，此處指寵物醫(yī)生給它打了兩針，讓它永遠(yuǎn)睡著，此處“永遠(yuǎn)睡著”是指Brooklyn死了。故選B。37．【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)寵物醫(yī)生給它打了兩針，讓它永遠(yuǎn)睡著的時(shí)候，我看著它棕色的大眼睛一動(dòng)不動(dòng)。A.cold冷的；B.blank空白的；C.still靜止的，不動(dòng)的；D.blind瞎的。由下文“Restnow,mybaby,”和上文“Thedayshedied”可知，Brooklyn死了，所以它的眼睛一動(dòng)不動(dòng)。故選C。38．【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“好好休息吧，我的寶貝，”我低聲對(duì)它說。A.whispered小聲說；B.sighed嘆息；C.whistled吹口哨；D.nodded點(diǎn)頭。由上文“Restnow,mybaby,”可知，作者低聲對(duì)Brooklyn，讓它安息。故選A。39．【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：四年后，我仍然每天都想念那只狗，因?yàn)槭撬虝?huì)了我，被另一個(gè)生命所需要的那種令人心碎的美。A.attend出席，參加；B.greet打招呼；C.guard守衛(wèi)；D.miss想念。由下文“thatdogeveryday,”可知，作者仍然每天都想念那只狗。故選D。40．【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：四年后，我仍然每天都想念那只狗，因?yàn)槭撬虝?huì)了我，被另一個(gè)生命所需要的那種令人心碎的美。A.admired欽佩；B.needed需要；C.approved同意；D.remembered記住。由上文“Andduringlarge___________gatherings,seeingmewithbabyBrooklyn,myfavouriteauntwouldtellmeonedayIwouldbeagreat_______.”可知，作者收養(yǎng)Brookly時(shí)，Brookly還是一只小狗，它的成長(zhǎng)需要作者的照顧和陪伴，所以這里意思是作者被狗狗所需要。故選B。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Alongwithhiscontemporary,DuFu,theclassicalChinesepoetLiBaiisrecognizedasoneofthetwogreatestChinese41．(poet).LiBaiwasbornin701andgrewupnearChengduinSichuanprovince.HewasagiftedstudentandstudiedtheclassicConfucianworksaswellasothermorecomplicatedandromanticliterature.In742,he42．(invite)tothecourt(朝廷)inChang’an,wherehemadesuchanimpressionthathewasentitled“theImmortalbanished(流放),fromheaven”andgivenapost43．(translate)andprovidingpoetryfortheemperor.Heparticipated44．thecourtgrandgathering,wroteanumberofpoemsabouteventsincourtandwasfamousfor45．(he)literaryperformances.In744,hemethisgreatpoeticrival,DuFu,46．saidtheywerelikebrothers,andevenslepttogetherunder47．singlecover.In756,LiBaiwasbanishedtothefarsouthwesterninteriorofChina.Hewandered48．(slow)towardthere,writingpoemsalongtheway,andintheendwasforgivenbeforehe49．(get)there.Inhislifetime,hewrote100,000poems,about1,100ofwhicharestillin50．(exist).Hewasanobodyinaclass-boundConfuciansocietyandlivedthewildpoet’slifelongbeforetheRomantics.【答案】41．poets42．wasinvited43．translating44．in45．his46．who47．a(chǎn)48．slowly49．got50．existence【分析】這是一篇人物傳記。文章描述了李白的一生，與同時(shí)代的杜甫一樣，他被公認(rèn)為中國(guó)兩大詩人之一。41．【解析】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：與同時(shí)代的杜甫一樣，中國(guó)古典詩人李白被公認(rèn)為中國(guó)兩大詩人之一。oneof后面加名詞的復(fù)數(shù)，表示“其中之一”。故填poets。42．【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：在742年，他被邀請(qǐng)到長(zhǎng)安朝廷，在朝廷中，他留下了這樣一個(gè)印象，他被命名為“從天上流放的神仙”，并被授予為皇帝翻譯和提供詩歌的職位。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語in742可知，此處使用一般過去時(shí)，主語he與謂語動(dòng)詞invite構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系詞，且主語為單數(shù)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞使用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填wasinvited。43．【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：在742年，他被邀請(qǐng)到長(zhǎng)安朝廷，在朝廷中，他留下了這樣一個(gè)印象，他被命名為“從天上流放的神仙”，并被授予為皇帝翻譯和提供詩歌的職位。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，that從句中有了并列謂語動(dòng)詞wasentitledandgiven，所以空處填非謂語動(dòng)詞作apost的后置定語，post和translate為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，需填現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填translating。44．【解析】考查介詞。句意：他參加了宮廷盛會(huì)，寫了許多關(guān)于宮廷事件的詩，并以其文學(xué)表演而聞名。participatein…為固定短語，意為“參加……”。故填in。45．【解析】考查代詞。句意：他參加了宮廷盛會(huì)，寫了許多關(guān)于宮廷事件的詩，并以其文學(xué)表演而聞名。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，這里應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞，修飾literaryperformances。故填his。46．【解析】考查定語從句。句意：744年，他遇到了他偉大的詩壇對(duì)手杜甫，杜甫說他們像兄弟一樣，甚至一起睡在一個(gè)被子下。此處為非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞DuFu，先行詞在從句中作主語，指人，只能用who。故填who。47．【解析】考查冠詞。句意：744年，他遇到了他偉大的詩壇對(duì)手杜甫，杜甫說他們像兄弟一樣，甚至一起睡在一個(gè)被子下。cover為可數(shù)名詞，此處表示泛指，cover發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，需用不定冠詞a。故填a。48．【解析】考查副詞。句意：他慢慢地向那里走去，一路上都在寫詩，最后在他到達(dá)那里之前就被原諒了。空處修飾動(dòng)詞wandered，需用副詞形式。故填slowly。49．【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：他慢慢地向那里走去，一路上都在寫詩，最后在他到達(dá)那里之前就被原諒了。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)及句意可知，主句用的是一般過去時(shí)，根據(jù)主從句時(shí)態(tài)一致原則，before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句也用一般過去時(shí)，設(shè)空處是從句的謂語動(dòng)詞。故填got。50．【解析】考查名詞。句意：在他的一生中，他寫了10萬首詩，其中約1100首至今仍然存在。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，