2025年考研英語（一）閱讀理解題型解析：全真模擬試卷專項訓(xùn)練考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______模擬試卷PartOneReadingComprehensionDirections:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneTheriseofartificialintelligence(AI)hassparkedconsiderabledebateacrossvarioussectors,witheducationbeingnoexception.ProponentsarguethatAIcanpersonalizelearningexperiences,offeringstudentstailoredcontentandpacingthatadaptstotheirindividualneeds.Thiscouldpotentiallybridgegapsineducationalequity,providingresourcestounderservedcommunitiesthatmightlackaccesstoexperiencedteachersordiverselearningmaterials.Forinstance,AI-driventutoringsystemscanprovideinstantfeedbackandexplanations,helpingstudentsovercomespecificdifficultiesmoreefficientlythantraditionalmethodsalone.However,criticsraiselegitimateconcernsabouttheintegrationofAIintoclassrooms.Onemajorworryisthepotentialforincreasedscreentimeamongstudents,whichcouldhavenegativeeffectsontheirphysicalandmentalwell-being.There'salsotheissueofdataprivacy;collectingvastamountsofstudentdataraisesquestionsabouthowthisinformationisstored,used,andprotected.Furthermore,there'sariskthatAImightexacerbateexistinginequalitiesifaccesstothesetechnologiesisnotequitable.Notallschools,particularlyindevelopingregions,mayhavetheinfrastructureorfundingtoimplementAItoolseffectively.Over-relianceonAIcouldalsoleadtoadevaluationofhumanteachers,whoseroleinfosteringcriticalthinking,creativity,andsocialskillsisirreplaceable.Ultimately,theimpactofAIoneducationwilldependonhowitisimplementedandregulated.Whilethepotentialbenefitsaresignificant,itiscrucialtoaddresstheassociatedrisks.Developingethicalguidelinesandensuringequitableaccessareparamount.AIshouldbeviewedasatooltoaugment,notreplace,humaneducators.ThegoalshouldbeabalancedapproachthatleveragesthestrengthsofAIwhilepreservingtheirreplaceablehumanelementsessentialforacomprehensiveeducation.Questions:1.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonepotentialbenefitofAIineducation?2.WhatisamajorconcernraisedbycriticsregardingAIinclassrooms?3.Theword"exacerbate"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:4.WhatdoestheauthorsuggestistheappropriateroleofAIineducation?PassageTwoUrbanizationisacceleratingatanunprecedentedrateworldwide,transforminglandscapesandreshapingsocietalstructures.Whilecitiesofferopportunitiesforeconomicgrowth,education,andculturalexchange,theyalsopresentsignificantchallenges.Oneofthemostpressingissuesisthestrainoninfrastructure.Aspopulationsswell,thereisgrowingpressureonhousing,transportationnetworks,utilities,andpublicservices.Trafficcongestion,inadequatepublictransportation,andinsufficientsanitationbecomecommonplace,diminishingthequalityoflifeforresidents.Environmentaldegradationisanothercriticalconsequenceofrapidurbanization.Theconversionofnaturalhabitatsintobuiltenvironmentsleadstodeforestation,lossofbiodiversity,andincreasedpollution.Citiesaremajorcontributorstoglobalgreenhousegasemissions,primarilythroughtransportationandenergyconsumption.Airpollution,inparticular,posesserioushealthriskstourbanpopulations,leadingtorespiratoryandcardiovascularproblems.Additionally,theurbanheatislandeffect,wherecitiesaresignificantlywarmerthantheirruralsurroundings,furtherexacerbatesenvironmentalandhealthissues.Addressingthesechallengesrequirescomprehensiveandsustainableurbanplanning.Investingingreeninfrastructure,suchasparksandgreenroofs,canhelpmitigateenvironmentalproblemsandimproveairquality.Developingefficientpublictransportationsystemscanreducerelianceonprivatevehiclesandalleviatetrafficcongestion.Promotingrenewableenergysourcesandimplementingstricterbuildingcodescanalsocontributetoamoresustainableurbanfuture.Ultimately,successfulurbanizationmustbalancedevelopmentwithenvironmentalprotectionandsocialequitytoensurecitiesremainvibrantandlivableforfuturegenerations.Questions:5.Whatisaprimarychallengementionedinthepassagerelatedtorapidurbanization?6.Howdoesurbanizationcontributetoenvironmentaldegradationaccordingtothepassage?7.Thephrase"mitigateenvironmentalproblems"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:8.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestisessentialforsuccessfulurbanization?PassageThreeTheconceptof"gigeconomy"hasfundamentallyalteredthenatureofworkinthe21stcentury.Characterizedbyshort-termcontractsorfreelanceworkasopposedtopermanentjobs,thegigeconomyoffersflexibilityandautonomytoworkers,allowingthemtochoosetheirprojectsandschedule.Platformsconnectingserviceproviderswithclientshaveproliferated,enablingawiderangeofprofessions,fromtransportationandfooddeliverytofreelancewritingandgraphicdesign,tooperateonaglobalscale.Formany,thisflexibilityishighlyappealing,providinganalternativetotraditionalemploymentstructuresthatmayofferlimitedopportunitiesforadvancementorwork-lifebalance.However,thegigeconomyisnotwithoutitsdrawbacks.Asignificantconcernisthelackofjobsecurityandbenefits.Gigworkerstypicallydonotreceivetraditionalbenefitslikehealthinsurance,retirementplans,orpaidtimeoff.Thisprecariousnesscanleadtofinancialinstability,especiallyduringeconomicdownturnsorpersonalcrises.Additionally,theisolationandlackofaformalworkplacecannegativelyimpactmentalhealthandsocialconnection.Thecompetitivenatureofmanygigplatformscanalsoleadtodownwardpressureonwages,asworkersmayneedtoacceptlowerratestosecureprojects.Regulatingthegigeconomyremainsacomplexandcontentiousissueforpolicymakers.Strikingabalancebetweenfosteringinnovationandprotectingworkers'rightsischallenging.Someargueforstricterregulationstoensurebasicprotections,whileotherscontendthatexcessiveregulationcouldstifletheveryflexibilitythatmakesthegigeconomyattractive.Astheshareofthegigworkforcecontinuestogrow,findingeffectivesolutionstoaddressitschallengeswillbecrucialforensuringeconomicfairnessandworkerwell-beingintheevolvinglandscapeoflabor.Questions:9.Whatisakeycharacteristicofthegigeconomy?10.Accordingtothepassage,whatisamajordisadvantageofworkinginthegigeconomy?11.Theword"precariousness"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:12.Whatisacentralchallengementionedinthepassageregardingthegigeconomy?PassageFourCulturalheritageencompassesthetangibleandintangibleassetsthatreflectthehistory,art,traditions,andvaluesofacommunityorsociety.Fromancientruinsandhistoricbuildingstointangiblepracticeslikefolkmusicandtraditionalcrafts,culturalheritageprovidesasenseofidentityandcontinuityforindividualsandgroups.Preservingthisheritageisvitalformaintainingculturaldiversityandpassingknowledgeandtraditionstofuturegenerations.Itservesasafoundationforeducation,fosteringunderstandingandappreciationofdifferentculturesandhistoricalcontexts.However,preservingculturalheritagefacesnumerousthreatsinthemodernworld.Naturaldisasterssuchasearthquakes,floods,andclimatechange-relatedeventscancausesignificantdamage.Man-madethreats,includingurbandevelopment,pollution,looting,andwar,alsoposeseriousdangers.Thelossofculturalheritageisnotmerelyamatteroflosingbeautifulbuildingsorartifacts;itrepresentsaprofoundlossofhistory,culture,andthecollectivememoryofacommunity.Thiserosioncanweakenculturalidentityandleaveanirreparablevoid.Internationalcooperationandnationaleffortsarecrucialforsafeguardingculturalheritage.OrganizationslikeUNESCOplayavitalroleinsettingstandardsandcoordinatingglobaleffortstoprotectheritagesites.Nationalgovernmentsneedtoinvestinconservationprograms,strengthenlegalframeworksagainsttheftanddestruction,andraisepublicawarenessabouttheimportanceofpreservation.Furthermore,communitiesthemselvesmustbeinvolvedintheprotectionandtransmissionoftheirintangibleculturalheritage.Sustainabletourismcanalsobeatoolforpreservation,providingeconomicincentivesforcommunitiestomaintaintheirculturalsitesandtraditions.Protectingculturalheritageisaninvestmentinoursharedhumanpastandfuture.Questions:13.Whatdoesthepassagestateisthepurposeofpreservingculturalheritage?14.Accordingtothepassage,whataretwodistincttypesofthreatstoculturalheritage?15.Thephrase"profoundloss"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:16.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestareimportantforprotectingculturalheritage?---試卷答案PartOneReadingComprehensionPassageOne1.C*解析思路：題干問AI在教育中的潛在好處。文章第一段明確提到，支持者認為AI可以提供“tailoredcontentandpacingthatadaptstotheirindividualneeds”（根據(jù)個體需求調(diào)整的定制內(nèi)容和進度），即個性化學(xué)習體驗。選項C（提供個性化學(xué)習體驗）與原文信息一致。2.B*解析思路：題干問批評者對AI在課堂中的主要擔憂。文章第二段開頭即指出“However,criticsraiselegitimateconcernsabouttheintegrationofAIintoclassrooms”（然而，批評者對將AI融入課堂提出了合乎邏輯的擔憂），接著列舉了幾個擔憂，其中第一個就是“thepotentialforincreasedscreentimeamongstudents”（學(xué)生屏幕時間增加的潛力）。選項B（學(xué)生屏幕時間可能增加）是原文直接提到的擔憂之一。3.A*解析思路：題干要求找出“exacerbate”最接近的意思。原文中“there'sariskthatAImightexacerbateexistinginequalitiesifaccesstothesetechnologiesisnotequitable”（如果對這些技術(shù)（AI）的獲取不是公平的，AI可能會加劇現(xiàn)有的不平等）。結(jié)合上下文，exacerbate在此處意為使（問題、情況等）更惡化、更嚴重。選項A（使……惡化）是最佳釋義。4.D*解析思路：題干問作者認為AI在教育中適當?shù)慕巧鞘裁?。文章最后一段明確指出“Aishouldbeviewedasatooltoaugment,notreplace,humaneducators”（AI應(yīng)該被視為一種工具，用于增強而非取代人類教師）。選項D（作為一種增強人類教師的工具）與作者的觀點一致。PassageTwo5.C*解析思路：題干問與快速城市化相關(guān)的首要挑戰(zhàn)。文章第一段提到“Whilecitiesofferopportunities...theyalsopresentsignificantchallenges”（雖然城市提供機會……但也帶來重大挑戰(zhàn)），并馬上列舉了第一個挑戰(zhàn)：“Oneofthemostpressingissuesisthestrainoninfrastructure”（最緊迫的問題是對基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的壓力）。選項C（對基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施造成壓力）是原文提到的首要挑戰(zhàn)。6.A*解析思路：題干問城市化如何根據(jù)文章導(dǎo)致環(huán)境退化。文章第二段指出“Environmentaldegradationisanothercriticalconsequenceofrapidurbanization”（環(huán)境退化是快速城市化的另一個關(guān)鍵后果），并解釋了其方式：“Theconversionofnaturalhabitatsintobuiltenvironmentsleadstodeforestation,lossofbiodiversityandincreasedpollution”（將自然棲息地轉(zhuǎn)化為建筑環(huán)境導(dǎo)致了森林砍伐、生物多樣性喪失和污染增加）。選項A（將自然棲息地轉(zhuǎn)化為建筑環(huán)境導(dǎo)致森林砍伐、生物多樣性喪失和污染增加）概括了原文說明的方式。7.B*解析思路：題干要求找出“mitigateenvironmentalproblems”最接近的意思。原文中“Ai-drivensolutionsandimplementingstricterbuildingcodescanalsocontributetoamoresustainableurbanfuture.Ultimately,successfulurbanizationmustbalancedevelopmentwithenvironmentalprotectionandsocialequity”（AI驅(qū)動解決方案和實施更嚴格的建設(shè)規(guī)范也可以有助于創(chuàng)造更可持續(xù)的城市未來。最終，成功的城市化必須在發(fā)展與環(huán)境保護和社會公平之間取得平衡）。結(jié)合上下文，mitigate在此處意為減輕、緩解。選項B（減輕）是最佳釋義。8.D*解析思路：題干問作者認為成功的城市化需要什么。文章最后一句明確指出“Ultimately,successfulurbanizationmustbalancedevelopmentwithenvironmentalprotectionandsocialequity”（最終，成功的城市化必須在發(fā)展與環(huán)境保護和社會公平之間取得平衡）。選項D（在發(fā)展與環(huán)境保護和社會公平之間取得平衡）與作者的觀點一致。PassageThree9.A*解析思路：題干問零工經(jīng)濟的一個關(guān)鍵特征。文章第一段開頭即定義“theconceptof'gigeconomy'hasfundamentallyalteredthenatureofworkinthe21stcentury.Characterizedbyshort-termcontractsorfreelanceworkasopposedtopermanentjobs”（“零工經(jīng)濟”的概念徹底改變了21世紀的工作性質(zhì)。其特點是短期合同或自由職業(yè)，而不是永久性工作）。選項A（以短期合同或自由職業(yè)為特點）是原文直接提到的關(guān)鍵特征。10.B*解析思路：題干問零工經(jīng)濟的一個主要缺點。文章第二段明確提到“Asignificantconcernisthelackofjobsecurityandbenefits”（一個重大擔憂是缺乏工作保障和福利）。選項B（缺乏工作保障和福利）是原文直接指出的主要缺點。11.C*解析思路：題干要求找出“precariousness”最接近的意思。原文中“Thisprecariousnesscanleadtofinancialinstability,especiallyduringeconomicdownturnsorpersonalcrises”（這種不穩(wěn)定性可能導(dǎo)致財務(wù)不穩(wěn)定，尤其是在經(jīng)濟衰退或個人危機期間）。結(jié)合上下文，precariousness在此處意為不穩(wěn)定性、precarious（precariousness）。選項C（不穩(wěn)定性）是最佳釋義。12.C*解析思路：題干問關(guān)于零工經(jīng)濟的一個核心挑戰(zhàn)。文章最后一段指出“Regulatingthegigeconomyremainsacomplexandcontentio