2/2天津市紅橋區(qū)2022-2023學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末英語(yǔ)試題學(xué)校:___________姓名：___________班級(jí)：___________考號(hào)：___________一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．—Iwillgotothebanktopayfortheelectricitybill.—_______?Actually,youcanuseAlipay.A．Whybother B．Sowhat C．Whynot D．Whatfor【答案】A【詳解】考查情景交際。句意：——我要去銀行交電費(fèi)?！伪芈闊┠兀繉?shí)際上，你可以使用支付寶。A.Whybother何苦，何必麻煩；B.Sowhat那又怎樣？C.Whynot為什么不呢？D.Whatfor為何？根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，空白處應(yīng)該是認(rèn)為去銀行交電費(fèi)太麻煩了，且后面給出了簡(jiǎn)單的方法，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，故選A。2．Bambooplantsare_______withhealth,abundanceandahappyhome,whichmakesthempopularduringtheChineseNewYear.A．content B．covered C．a(chǎn)ssociated D．particular【答案】C【詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：竹子與健康、富足和幸福的家庭聯(lián)系在一起，這使得它們?cè)谥袊?guó)新年期間很受歡迎。A.content滿足的；B.covered被覆蓋的；C.associated相關(guān)的；D.particular特別的。beassociatedwith與……相聯(lián)系。根據(jù)“whichmakesthempopularduringtheChineseNewYear.”可知，竹子使人聯(lián)想起健康、富足和幸福美滿的家。故選C。3．EveryonewhoreachedthetopofMountTaiwas______withamagnificentview.A．a(chǎn)warded B．a(chǎn)dmired C．rewarded D．a(chǎn)ppreciated【答案】C【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：登上泰山的每個(gè)人都能以看到壯麗的景色作為獎(jiǎng)賞。A.awarded授予；B.admired欽佩；C.rewarded獎(jiǎng)賞；D.appreciated欣賞。根據(jù)后文withamagnificentview可知此處是指給登上泰山的人以壯麗的景色作為獎(jiǎng)賞，應(yīng)用reward，短語(yǔ)berewardedwith表示“得到……的獎(jiǎng)賞”，award側(cè)重指官方或經(jīng)正式研究裁決后對(duì)有功者或競(jìng)賽優(yōu)勝者所給予的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，與語(yǔ)境不符。故選C?！军c(diǎn)睛】award和reward詞義辨析：award

n.獎(jiǎng),獎(jiǎng)品

vt.授予,判給reward

n.報(bào)酬;報(bào)答;賞金;酬金

vt.酬謝，獎(jiǎng)賞;報(bào)答1.award：側(cè)重指官方或經(jīng)正式研究裁決后對(duì)有功者或競(jìng)賽優(yōu)勝者所給予的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。例如：TheyawardedJohnthefirstprize.他們授予約翰一等獎(jiǎng)。2.reward：指對(duì)品德高尚和勤勞的人所給予的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。也可指為某事付酬金。例如：Thepoliceareofferingabigrewardforinformationabouttherobbery.警方出大筆賞金要求提供那起回?fù)尳侔傅钠瓢妇€索。4．—Wewouldappreciateitifyoucouldstayforlunch.—Sorry,I.Ihaveanotherappointment.A．won’t B．shan’t C．can’t D．mustn’t【答案】C【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：——如果你能留下來(lái)吃午飯我將不勝感激的。——很抱歉，我不能，我有一個(gè)約會(huì)。由“我有一個(gè)約會(huì)”可知，不能留下來(lái)吃午飯，can’t表示不能，故選C。5．It’satraditionthat,attheweddingceremony,thehandsofthebrideandgroomwouldbetiedtogetherwithalengthofribbontosymbolizethattheirliveswerefastenedtogether______.A．necessarily B．deliberately C．permanently D．temporarily【答案】C【詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)，在婚禮上，新娘和新郎的手會(huì)用一根絲帶系在一起，象征他們的生活永遠(yuǎn)地綁在一起。A.necessarily必要地；B.deliberately故意地；C.permanently永久地；D.temporarily臨時(shí)地。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境，絲帶將新娘和新郎系在一起是為了象征他們永遠(yuǎn)被綁在一起的。其它選項(xiàng)不符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。6．—Thankyouforyourdictionary.I’llreturnitassoonasIcan.—.I’vegotanotheronetospare.A．Noproblem B．Nohurry C．Withpleasure D．Nothingmuch【答案】B【詳解】考查情景交際。句意：——謝謝你的字典。我會(huì)盡快還給你的?！患薄Ｎ疫€有一個(gè)備用的。A.Noproblem不麻煩，沒什么，沒事兒，非常容易；B.Nohurry不忙，不必著急，有充裕的時(shí)間；C.Withpleasure愉快地，高興地，沒問(wèn)題；D.Nothingmuch非常少。根據(jù)第二個(gè)人所說(shuō)的“我還有一個(gè)備用的”可知，空格處應(yīng)該填入Nohurry（不急），來(lái)應(yīng)答第一個(gè)人的話。故選B項(xiàng)。7．—AreyouwaitingforabusfromtheofficeoftheCityGovernment?—Yes.Iarrivedhereatthebusstoptenminutesago,butthebus.A．hadn’tcome B．won’tcome C．didn’tcome D．hasn’tcome【答案】D【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：——你在等市政府辦公室的公共汽車嗎?——是的。我十分鐘前就到了公共汽車站，但是公共汽車還沒來(lái)。根據(jù)句意可知，第二個(gè)人說(shuō)話時(shí)，公共汽車還沒來(lái)到，所以空格處應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示“過(guò)去的某一動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且還有可能繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去”。故選D項(xiàng)。8．Wouldyouplease___thepaperformeandseeifthereareanyobviousmistakes?A．lookaround B．lookinto C．lookup D．lookthrough【答案】D【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：你能幫我仔細(xì)檢查試卷，看看有沒有明顯的錯(cuò)誤嗎？A.lookaround環(huán)顧；B.lookinto調(diào)查；C.lookup查找；D.lookthrough瀏覽。根據(jù)句意，尤其是“ifthereareanyobviousmistakes”可知，此處用lookthrough“檢查”復(fù)合語(yǔ)境。故選D?！军c(diǎn)睛】9．Inartcriticism,youmustassumetheartisthasasecretmessage________withinthework.A．tohide B．hiddenC．hiding D．beinghidden【答案】B【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：在藝術(shù)批評(píng)中，你必須假定藝術(shù)家在作品中隱藏著一個(gè)秘密信息。句中有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞has，所以這里用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；message與hide是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)意義，故選B項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，在語(yǔ)態(tài)上，表被動(dòng)；在時(shí)間上，表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成，與它所修飾的名詞有邏輯（意義）上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生，已經(jīng)完成并具有被動(dòng)意義。作定語(yǔ)的過(guò)去分詞一般由及物動(dòng)詞變來(lái)，因?yàn)橹挥屑拔飫?dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)意義。如：1.Heisateacherlovedbyhisstudents.他是個(gè)很受學(xué)生愛戴的老師。也有用不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)的情況，一般作前置定語(yǔ)，它不表示被動(dòng)意義，只表示主動(dòng)意義，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作完成。如：fallenleaves落葉

retiredworkers退休工人

therisensun升起的太陽(yáng)注意下面過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)的幾種情況：一、單個(gè)的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)一般放在被修飾的名詞之前，也可以放名詞后作后置定語(yǔ)，用以強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作。如：1.Weneededmuchmorequalifiedworkers.我們需要更多的合格的工人。2.Myfriendisareturnedstudent.我的朋友是個(gè)歸國(guó)的留學(xué)生。3.Theydecidedtochangethematerialused.他們決定更換使用的材料。二、過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)放在被修飾的名詞后面，作后置定語(yǔ)時(shí)，其作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。如：Thestudentdressedinwhiteismydaughter.="The"studentwhoisdressedinwhiteismydaughter.穿白色衣服的學(xué)生是我的女兒。三、如果被修飾的詞是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one所構(gòu)成的復(fù)合代詞或指示代詞those等時(shí)，過(guò)去分詞要放在被修飾詞的后面。如：ThereisnothingchangedheresinceIleftthistown.自從我離開這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)以來(lái)，幾乎沒有什么變化。10．goodservice,therestaurantoffersdifferentkindsoftraditionalTianjindishes.A．Insteadof B．Apartfrom C．Farfrom D．Regardlessof【答案】B【詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：除了優(yōu)質(zhì)的服務(wù)外，這家餐廳還供應(yīng)各種天津傳統(tǒng)菜肴。A.Insteadof（用……）代替……，（是……）而不是……，（用……）而不用……；B.Apartfrom除了……外；C.Farfrom遠(yuǎn)離，遠(yuǎn)非；D.Regardlessof不管，不顧。根據(jù)句意可知，這家餐廳既提供優(yōu)質(zhì)的服務(wù)，還供應(yīng)各種天津傳統(tǒng)菜肴，所以空格處應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)短語(yǔ)，表示“除了……外”。故選B項(xiàng)。11．—Whynottakemycartothemuseuminsteadofwalking?—No,thanks_________.A．I’musedto B．I’mableto C．I’maboutto D．I’vegotto【答案】A【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析和省略。句意：——為什么不坐我的車去博物館而非要步行呢？——謝謝了，不過(guò)我習(xí)慣了（步行）。A.I’musedto我習(xí)慣于；B.I’mableto我能夠；C.I’maboutto我即將；D.I’vegotto我必須。根據(jù)“No,thanks.”可知，此處表達(dá)“我習(xí)慣了（步行）”，本句實(shí)際上是一種省略，此處省略了walking。故選A項(xiàng)。12．Ifeltveryhappytogetaone-monthbreakfromworklastyearIcouldtravelwithmyfamilytoParis.A．where B．whenC．which D．that【答案】B【詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：我很高興去年有一個(gè)月的休假，在那期間我可以和家人一起去巴黎旅行。分析句子可知，IcouldtravelwithmyfamilytoParis.為定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞one-monthbreak，從句缺乏時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故用關(guān)系副詞when，故選B?！军c(diǎn)睛】關(guān)系副詞的用法。1.關(guān)系副詞用于引出定語(yǔ)從句，主要有when,where,why：Sundayisthedaywhenveryfewpeoplegotowork.星期日是沒什么人上班的日子。That’sthereasonwhyhedislikesme.這就是他不喜歡我的原因。DoyouknowashopwhereIcanfindsandals?你知道哪家商店我能找到?jīng)鲂瑔?？【注】關(guān)系副詞用于引出定語(yǔ)從句，且在從句中用作狀語(yǔ)。關(guān)系副詞when表示時(shí)間，where表示地點(diǎn)，why表示原因。2.使用關(guān)系副詞的注意點(diǎn)(1)how不能用作關(guān)系副詞，不要想當(dāng)然地將how用作關(guān)系副詞置于theway后表示方式：他說(shuō)話就是那個(gè)樣子。誤：Thisisthewayhowhespoke.正：Thisishowhespoke./Thisistheway(that,inwhich)hespoke.(2)關(guān)系副詞when和where既可引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，也可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，但why只能引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句(若引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，可用forwhichreason)。(3)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，when的先行詞為時(shí)間，where的先行詞為地點(diǎn)，why的先行詞為原因(主要是thereason)，但是反過(guò)來(lái)卻不一定：Don’tforgetthetime(that)I’vetoldyou.不要忘記我告訴你的時(shí)間。Thisisthehouse(that)heboughtrecently.這就是他最近買的那座房子。Pleasetellmethereason(that)youknow.請(qǐng)告訴我你所知道的原因吧。本題為when在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，修飾先行詞break。13．________tonuclearradiation,evenforashorttime,mayinfluencegenesinhumanbodies.A．Toexpose B．Exposed C．Havingexposed D．Beingexposed【答案】D【詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：暴露在核輻射中，即使是很短的時(shí)間，也會(huì)影響人體的基因。根據(jù)句意可知，此處是動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)beexposedto“暴露于”，作句子的主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞形式。故選D。14．________isknowntoallisthattheoutstandingacademicatmosphere,aswellasvariousfestivalsandsports,drawsmanystudentstoourschool.A．It B．Which C．What D．As【答案】C【詳解】考查主語(yǔ)從句。句意：眾所周知，優(yōu)秀的學(xué)術(shù)氛圍，以及各種節(jié)日和體育活動(dòng)，吸引了很多學(xué)生來(lái)我們學(xué)校。分析句子可知，空處引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，指物，所以用what引導(dǎo)。故選C。15．______youloseinlife,don’tlosefaithandhope,withwhichyoucanliveahappylifeandachieveyourgoals.A．Whenever B．Wherever C．Whatever D．Whoever【答案】C【詳解】考查狀語(yǔ)從句連接詞。句意：生活中無(wú)論失去什么，都不要失去信念和希望，有了信念和希望，你就能過(guò)上幸福的生活，實(shí)現(xiàn)你的目標(biāo)。A.Whenever無(wú)論何時(shí)；B.Wherever無(wú)論在哪里；C.Whatever無(wú)論什么；D.Whoever無(wú)論誰(shuí)。此處為讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“無(wú)論什么”應(yīng)用whatever引導(dǎo)，相當(dāng)于nomatterwhat。故選C。二、完形填空IwaswalkingdownthepathaftervisitingtheVashisthaCave.ThenIrealisedthatabigmonkey16itselfahead,blockingmypath.I17,fearingthatanymovementmightannoyhim.Itwasa18situation.Ihadto19butrunningwasn'tanoption.Worse,anymovementonmypartproduceda20

responsefromthemonkey.Momentslater,Itooktwotentativesteps,onlytoseethemonkeymatchmy21.Mymindwasracingwithseveralthoughts.Icalledmydriverandstarted22towardsthemainroad,healongside,abit23asthiswasnothisregularbeat.Suddenly,mycar24.Iquietlywentahead,openedthebackdoor,and25himtojoinmeinthecar,justforfun.Ialmostburstinto26ashedidthesame.Ijumpedintothecarbeforehecould27me.Thedriver28immediately.Later,havingpickedupsomebananasdowntheroad,we29tothespotwherewehadlefthim.Placingthebananasneartheroad,Iwavedmyarm,30himtogetthem.Witheyeslockedonmine,hedidn't31.Aswedroveaway,Iturnedaroundtoseethemonkeyapproachthe32.PerhapshenowrealisedthatIwasn'ta(n)33atall.Icameawaythinkingthatourowninsecurities34usfromunderstandingothers,whetherhumansorothercreatures.Wemightbeabletounderstandotherpeoplebetterifweattempttounderstand35first.16．A．hid B．hurt C．parked D．controlled17．A．fell B．froze C．rushed D．jumped18．A．tense B．simple C．pleasant D．concrete19．A．getaway B．breakin C．holdon D．giveup20．A．rare B．wrong C．proper D．similar21．A．a(chǎn)ction B．wisdom C．character D．a(chǎn)ppearance22．A．rolling B．walking C．driving D．cycling23．A．satisfied B．relaxed C．embarrassed D．worried24．A．died B．crashed C．a(chǎn)rrived D．disappeared25．A．forced B．signaled C．reminded D．taught26．A．life B．tears C．a(chǎn)nger D．laughter27．A．cheat B．follow C．a(chǎn)ccept D．find28．A．shotoff B．sloweddown C．cheeredup D．camealong29．A．fled B．pointed C．returned D．connected30．A．begging B．training C．ordering D．inviting31．A．nod B．speak C．move D．pause32．A．car B．cave C．fruit D．driver33．A．enemy B．visitor C．stranger D．owner34．A．save B．excuse C．protect D．prevent35．A．environment B．a(chǎn)nimals C．a(chǎn)dventure D．resources【答案】16．C17．B18．A19．A20．D21．A22．B23．D24．C25．B26．D27．B28．A29．C30．D31．C32．C33．A34．D35．B【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在路上遇到了一只擋住了自己去路的猴子，一開始局勢(shì)很緊張，大家都不敢動(dòng)，后來(lái)作者乘車離開后找到了一些香蕉回來(lái)想送給猴子，他們驅(qū)車離開時(shí)看到猴子正在接近水果。作者猜測(cè)也許它現(xiàn)在意識(shí)到自己根本不是敵人。作者也由此感悟到我們自身的不安全感使我們無(wú)法理解他人，無(wú)論是人類還是其他生物。如果我們先試著去了解動(dòng)物，也許就能更好地理解他人。16．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后我意識(shí)到一只大猴子停在了前面，擋住了我的去路。A.hid隱藏；B.hurt傷害；C.parked打包，停靠；D.controlled控制。根據(jù)后文“itselfahead,blockingmypath”可知有只猴子停在了作者前面，擋住了作者的去路。故選C。17．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我呆住了，擔(dān)心任何動(dòng)作都會(huì)惹惱它。A.fell落下；B.froze凍結(jié)；C.rushed急忙；D.jumped跳躍。根據(jù)后文“fearingthatanymovementmightannoyhim”可知作者擔(dān)心自己的動(dòng)作會(huì)惹惱他，所以停住了沒動(dòng)。故選B。18．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一個(gè)緊張的局勢(shì)。A.tense緊張的；B.simple簡(jiǎn)單的；C.pleasant愉快的；D.concrete實(shí)在的。結(jié)合上文可知，猴子擋住了作者的去路，而作者擔(dān)心惹惱猴子不敢動(dòng)，所以是一個(gè)緊張的局勢(shì)。故選A。19．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我必須離開，但逃跑不是我的選擇。A.getaway逃脫；B.breakin闖入；C.holdon堅(jiān)持；D.giveup放棄。根據(jù)后文“butrunningwasn'tanoption”可知作者想過(guò)逃跑，但是又放棄了這個(gè)想法。故選A。20．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，我的任何動(dòng)作都會(huì)讓猴子產(chǎn)生類似的反應(yīng)。A.rare稀有的；B.wrong錯(cuò)誤的；C.proper適當(dāng)?shù)?；D.similar類似的。根據(jù)下一段中“Itooktwotentativesteps,onlytoseethemonkeymatchmy”猴子跟作者做一樣的動(dòng)作，可知作者的動(dòng)作都會(huì)讓猴子產(chǎn)生類似的反應(yīng)。故選D。21．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：過(guò)了一會(huì)兒，我試探性地走了兩步，只看見猴子跟我一模一樣。A.action行動(dòng)；B.wisdom智慧；C.character性格；D.appearance外貌。根據(jù)上文“Itooktwotentativesteps,onlytoseethemonkeymatchmy”可知作者走了兩步，因此猴子也跟著作者走了兩步，模仿作者的行動(dòng)。故選A。22．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我打電話給我的司機(jī)，開始向大路走去，它在旁邊，有點(diǎn)擔(dān)心，因?yàn)檫@不是它的常規(guī)路線。A.rolling滾動(dòng)；B.walking散步；C.driving駕駛；D.cycling循環(huán)。根據(jù)后文“towardsthemainroad”結(jié)合上文作者不敢跑，可推測(cè)作者是向大路走過(guò)去。故選B。23．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我打電話給我的司機(jī)，開始向大路走去，它在旁邊，有點(diǎn)擔(dān)心，因?yàn)檫@不是它的常規(guī)路線。A.satisfied滿意的；B.relaxed放松的；C.embarrassed尷尬的；D.worried擔(dān)心的。根據(jù)后文“asthiswasnothisregularbeat”可知，作者走的路不是猴子經(jīng)常走的地方，所以推測(cè)它有點(diǎn)擔(dān)心。故選D。24．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，我的車來(lái)了。A.died死亡；B.crashed墜毀；C.arrived到達(dá)；D.disappeared消失。根據(jù)后文“Iquietlywentahead,openedthebackdoor”作者打開了后車門，可推測(cè)車子到了。故選C。25．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我悄悄地走到前面，打開后車門，示意它和我一起上車，只是為了好玩。A.forced強(qiáng)迫；B.signaled示意；C.reminded提醒；D.taught教學(xué)。根據(jù)后文“himtojoinmeinthecar”中him指的是猴子，作者最有可能是通過(guò)打手勢(shì)示意猴子和自己上車，其他選項(xiàng)不符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。26．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)它做同樣的事情時(shí)，我?guī)缀跣α顺鰜?lái)。A.life生活；B.tears眼淚；C.anger憤怒；D.laughter笑聲。根據(jù)后文“ashedidthesame”可知，作者打手勢(shì)示意猴子上車，猴子居然也做同樣的事情，因此顯得很滑稽，burstintolaughter“突然大笑”。故選D。27．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：它還沒跟上我，我就跳上了車。A.cheat欺騙；B.follow跟隨；C.accept接受；D.find找到。根據(jù)上文“Ijumpedintothecarbeforehecould”結(jié)合后文作者他們?cè)俅畏祷貋?lái)找猴子，可推測(cè)猴子還沒來(lái)得及跟上作者，作者就跳上了車走了。故選B。28．考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：司機(jī)立即飛奔而去。A.shotoff發(fā)射，開動(dòng)；B.sloweddown減速；C.cheeredup使高興；D.camealong出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)前后文語(yǔ)境“Thedriver…immediately.”可知此處指司機(jī)立即開動(dòng)汽車離開。故選A。29．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：后來(lái)，在路上撿了一些香蕉，我們回到了離開它的地方。A.fled逃走；B.pointed指出；C.returned返回；D.connected連接。根據(jù)后文“tothespotwherewehadlefthim”中him指的是猴子，可推測(cè)作者他們又回去了離開猴子的地方。故選C。30．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我把香蕉放在路邊，揮手請(qǐng)它去拿。A.begging乞討；B.training訓(xùn)練；C.ordering命令；D.inviting邀請(qǐng)。結(jié)合前后文“Placingthebananasneartheroad,Iwavedmyarm,…h(huán)imtogetthem”可知，作者把香蕉放在路邊，揮手邀請(qǐng)猴子去拿香蕉，invitesb.todosth.“邀請(qǐng)某人做某事”。故選D。31．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：它兩眼盯著我，沒有動(dòng)。A.nod點(diǎn)頭；B.speak說(shuō)話；C.move移動(dòng)；D.pause暫停。結(jié)合上文“Witheyeslockedonmine,hedidn't”以及后文作者離開后猴子才靠近水果，可推測(cè)猴子一開始很警惕，只是看著作者沒有移動(dòng)。故選C。32．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們驅(qū)車離開時(shí)，我轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身來(lái)，看見那只猴子正在接近水果。A.car汽車；B.cave洞穴；C.fruit水果；D.driver司機(jī)。根據(jù)上文“Placingthebananasneartheroad”可知此處指接近香蕉這一水果。故選C。33．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：也許它現(xiàn)在意識(shí)到我根本不是敵人。A.enemy敵人；B.visitor游客；C.stranger陌生人；D.owner主人。結(jié)合上文作者和猴子相遇時(shí)，雙方都很緊張的局勢(shì)，可推測(cè)一開始他們都把對(duì)方當(dāng)作敵人。故選A。34．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我離開的時(shí)候認(rèn)為，我們自身的不安全感使我們無(wú)法理解他人，無(wú)論是人類還是其他生物。A.save拯救；B.excuse原諒；C.protect保護(hù)；D.prevent阻止。根據(jù)前后文“ourowninsecurities…usfromunderstandingothers”可知，指自身的不安全感阻止了我們理解他人，prevent…fromdoingsth.“阻止做某事”。故選D。35．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我們先試著去了解動(dòng)物，也許就能更好地理解他人。A.environment環(huán)境；B.animals動(dòng)物；C.adventure冒險(xiǎn)；D.resources資源。結(jié)合上文“whetherhumansorothercreatures”以及這篇故事內(nèi)容，可知作者認(rèn)為人類和動(dòng)物很相似，都是因?yàn)樽陨淼牟话踩惺刮覀儫o(wú)法理解他人，所以這里是在說(shuō)建議先試著了解動(dòng)物，這樣或許能更好地理解他人。故選B。三、閱讀理解“Haveaniceday!”maybeapleasantgestureorameaninglessexpression.WhenmyfriendMaxiesays“Haveaniceday”withasmile,Iknowshesincerelycaresaboutwhathappenstome.Ifeellovedandsecuresinceanotherpersoncaresaboutmeandwishesmewell.“Haveaniceday.Next!”Thisversionoftheexpressionisspokenbyasalesgirlatthesupermarketwhoisrushingmeandmygroceriesoutthedoor.Thewordscomeoutinthesametone(腔調(diào))withafixedprocedure.Theyarespokenatme,nottome.Obviously,theconcernformydayandeveryoneelse’sisthemanagement’sattempttoincreasebusiness.Theexpressionisoneofthosebehaviorsthathelppeoplegetalongwitheachother.Sometimesitindicatestheendofameeting.Assoonasyouhearit,youknowthemeetingisatanend.Sometimestheexpressionsavesuswhenwedon’tknowwhattosay.“Oh,youjusthadatoothout?I’mterriblysorry,buthaveaniceday.”Theexpressioncanbepleasant.Ifastrangersays“Haveaniceday”toyou,youmayfinditheart-warmingbecausesomeoneyoudon’tknowhastriedtobenicetoyou.Althoughtheuseoftheexpressionisaninsincere,meaninglesssocialcustomattimes,thereisnothingwrongwiththesentenceexceptthatitisalittleuninteresting.Thesalesgirl,thewaitress,theteacher,andallthecountlessotherswhospeakitwithoutthinkingmaynotreallycareaboutmyday.Butinastrangeandcomfortableway,it’snicetoknowtheycareenoughtopretendtheycarewhentheyreallydon’tcareallthatmuch.Whiletheexpressionmaynotoftenbesincere,itisalwaysspoken.Thepointisthatpeoplesayitallthetimewhentheylike.36．HowdoestheauthorunderstandMaxie’swords?A．Maxieshowsheranxietytotheauthor.B．Maxiereallywishestheauthoragoodday.C．Maxieencouragestheauthortostayhappy.D．Maxiereallyworriesabouttheauthor’ssecurity.37．WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph2mean?A．Thesalesgirlisrude.B．Thesalesgirlisbored.C．Thesalesgirlcaresaboutme.D．Thesalesgirlsaysthewordsasaroutine.38．Bysaying“Haveaniceday,”astrangermay.A．trytobepolitetoyou B．expressrespecttoyouC．givehisblessingtoyou D．sharehispleasurewithyou39．Accordingtothelastparagraph,peoplesay“Haveaniceday”.A．sincerely B．a(chǎn)sthanksC．a(chǎn)sahabit D．encouragingly40．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．HaveaNiceDay—aSocialCustomB．HaveaNiceDay—aPleasantGestureC．HaveaNiceDay—aHeart-warmingGreetingD．HaveaNiceDay—aPoliteEndingofaConversation【答案】36．B37．D38．A39．C40．A【分析】本文是說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了人們相互之間常說(shuō)“Haveaniceday”這一習(xí)慣。36．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段“...Iknowshesincerelycaresaboutwhathappenstome.”我知道她真誠(chéng)地關(guān)心我發(fā)生的事情，可知我認(rèn)為Maxie希望我有美好的一天。故選B。37．詞句理解題。由第二段Thewordscomeoutinthesametone(腔調(diào))withafixedprocedure.這些同樣聲調(diào)的話按照固定的程序被講出來(lái)，以及本段最后一句很顯然對(duì)我和其他人一天的關(guān)心有增加生意的管理企圖可知，女售貨員說(shuō)“Haveaniceday.Next!”這些話只是例行公事。故選D。38．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由“...youmayfinditheart-warmingbecausesomeoneyoudon'tknowhastriedtobenicetoyou.”可知，因?yàn)槟吧嗽噲D對(duì)你友善，你會(huì)感到很溫暖，可以判斷出一個(gè)陌生人說(shuō)祝你愉快是出于禮貌，選A。39．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由最后一段的最后兩句Whiletheexpressionmaynotoftenbesincere,itisalwaysspoken.Thepointisthatpeoplesayitallthetimewhentheylike.可知，雖然這種表達(dá)可能不經(jīng)常是真誠(chéng)的，但它總是被說(shuō)出來(lái)的。關(guān)鍵是人們喜歡什么時(shí)候都說(shuō)，人們常說(shuō)“Haveaniceday”已成為一種習(xí)慣了。故選C。40．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Haveaniceday!”maybeapleasantgestureorameaninglessexpression.“祝你今天愉快！“可能是一個(gè)愉快的姿態(tài)或一個(gè)毫無(wú)意義的表達(dá)。和最后一段Althoughtheuseoftheexpressionisaninsincere,meaninglesssocialcustomattimes,thereisnothingwrongwiththesentence

exceptthatitisalittleuninteresting.盡管有時(shí)候這些社會(huì)習(xí)俗毫無(wú)意義,但是除了這些句子有一些枯燥之外,它們本身并沒有錯(cuò)，得知整篇文章在講人際交往時(shí)人們互相說(shuō)“Haveaniceday”社會(huì)風(fēng)俗。故選A。MostChineseknowthestoryofmythologicalChang’e.It’sastoryaboutawomanwhotakesanimmortalitypillandfliestothemoon.Thestoryiss0popularthatpeoplecan’thearthewordChang’ewithoutthinkingofromanticimagesofamoongoddess.Forthisreason,China’smissiontothemoonwascallingforastrongfemalefigure.Therefore,picturesofa24-year-oldfemalespacecommanderhavegoneviralonChinesesocialmediaforherworkontheChang’e-5Moonexplorationprogrammewithcommentsabouthowsheisa“frontlinesoklierinthefieldofaerospace”thatyoungChinesecanlookupto.MsZhou,24-year-oldladyoftheTujiaethnicgroup,isChina’syoungesteverspacecommander.ShewasinvolvedinthesuccessfullaunchoftheChang’e-5lunarprobeon24November,inchargeoftherocketconnectorsystem,describedasakeyrole.InWenchangspacelaunchsite,thoughsheisonly1.58meterstallandlooks“mini”,sheiscalled“BigSister”forherpowerfulcoreandenergy.Sinceseniorhigh,shehasdreamed!ofbeingamemberofaspaceresearchteam.Withhergreatefforts,shewasadmittedtoanaircraftsystemandengineeringmajorofadomesticuniversityin2014,makingheracrospacedreamcometrue.Togrowintoacommander,intwoandahalfyears,shechangedfivepositionstobefamiliarwithmultiplepostsandtypesofwork,eachofwhichtakesgreatcourageandisfullofchallenges.Inaworkingspacewithnoairconditioningandnarrowspacetoaccommodateonlythreepeople,sheworkedfor60daysuntilthecompletionof“theLongMarch5rocketgoesaround”battle.HerstoryhasreceivedattentionfromChinesestate-runmediaaswellasoverseasmediaoutlets.However,ithasnotappearedtohavehadmuchofaneffectonher.Accordingtothemedia,shedeclinedrepeatedrequestsforinterviewsbecauseshedoesnotwishtoletfamegetinthewayofherwork.41．WhydoesthewritermentionthemythofChang’eatthebeginningofthepassage?A．Totellaromanticstory. B．TospreadChineseculture.C．Tointroducethetopic. D．Togiveanexample.42．WhatmakespeoplethinkofMsZhouasapioneerfortheyouthinaerospace?A．Heryouthandbeauty. B．Herpicturesonthemedia.C．HeridentityoftheTujiaethnicgroup. D．Herperformanceinthemoon-landingprogram.43．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．ShewastheyoungestspacecommanderoftheTujiaethnicgroup.B．Shewascalled“BigSister”notbecauseofherphysicalstrengthbuthercentralstatus.C．Tobecomeacommander,shetookfivechallengingandcourageousjobsintwoandahalfyears.D．Sheworkedinsevereconditionsfor60daysuntiltheLongMarch5rocketwas-launched.44．WhydidMsZhourejectthemedia’sinvitationtointerviews?A．Becauseshewastooshy. B．Becauseshewasnotavailable.C．Becauseshewasdevotedtowork. D．Becauseshehatedbeingfamous.45．WhatcanwelearnfromMsZhou’sstory?A．Attitudeisaltitude. B．Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.C．Manyhandsmakelightwork. D．Diligencemakesupforinability.【答案】41．C42．D43．A44．C45．A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了中國(guó)有史以來(lái)最年輕的太空指揮官周小姐，介紹了她的個(gè)性經(jīng)歷以及取得的成就。41．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“MostChineseknowthestoryofmythologicalChang’e.It’sastoryaboutawomanwhotakesanimmoralitypillandfliestothemoon.Thestoryiss0popularthatpeoplecan’thearthewordChang’ewithoutthinkingofromanticimagesofamoongoddess.(大多數(shù)中國(guó)人都知道神話中的嫦娥的故事。這是一個(gè)關(guān)于一個(gè)女人吃了永生藥丸飛向月球的故事。這個(gè)故事非常流行，以至于人們一聽到嫦娥這個(gè)詞就會(huì)想到月亮女神的浪漫形象)”可推知，作者在文章的開頭提到嫦娥的神話是為了引入主題。故選C。42．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Forthisreason,China’smissiontothemoonwascallingforastrongfemalefigure.Therefore,picturesofa24-year-oldfemalespacecommanderhavegoneviralonChinesesocialmediaforherworkontheChang’e-5Moonexplorationprogrammewithcommentsabouthowsheisa“frontlinesoklierinthefieldofaerospace”thatyoungChinesecanlookupto.(因此，中國(guó)的登月任務(wù)需要一個(gè)堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的女性形象。因此，一名24歲的女航天指揮官的照片在中國(guó)社交媒體上瘋傳，因?yàn)樗阪隙鹞逄?hào)探月計(jì)劃中所做的工作，有人評(píng)論說(shuō)她是中國(guó)年輕人值得尊敬的“航天領(lǐng)域的一線戰(zhàn)士”)”可知，在登月計(jì)劃中的表現(xiàn)讓人們認(rèn)為周小姐是航天領(lǐng)域的青年先驅(qū)。故選D。43．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“MsZhou,24-year-oldladyoftheTujiaethnicgroup,isChina’syoungesteverspacecommander.(24歲的周小姐來(lái)自土家族，是中國(guó)有史以來(lái)最年輕的太空指揮官)”可知，A選項(xiàng)“她是土家族最年輕的太空指揮官”不正確。故選A。44．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Accordingtothemedia,shedeclinedrepeatedrequestsforinterviewsbecauseshedoesnotwishtoletfamegetinthewayofherwork.(據(jù)媒體報(bào)道，她拒絕了多次采訪請(qǐng)求，因?yàn)樗幌胱屆曈绊懰墓ぷ?”可知，周小姐拒絕媒體的采訪邀請(qǐng)是因?yàn)樗龑?duì)工作很投入。故選C。45．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Sinceseniorhigh,shehasdreamed!ofbeingamemberofaspaceresearchteam.Withhergreatefforts,shewasadmittedtoanaircraftsystemandengineeringmajorofadomesticuniversityin2014,makingheracrospacedreamcometrue.Togrowintoacommander,intwoandahalfyears,shechangedfivepositionstobefamiliarwithmultiplepostsandtypesofwork,eachofwhichtakesgreatcourageandisfullofchallenges.Inaworkingspacewithnoairconditioningandnarrowspacetoaccommodateonlythreepeople,sheworkedfor60daysuntilthecompletionof“theLongMarch5rocketgoesaround”battle.(從高中開始，她就有夢(mèng)想!作為太空研究團(tuán)隊(duì)的一員。在她的努力下，2014年她考上了國(guó)內(nèi)一所大學(xué)的飛機(jī)系統(tǒng)與工程專業(yè)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了她的太空夢(mèng)。為了成長(zhǎng)為一名指揮員，她在兩年半的時(shí)間里換了五個(gè)崗位，熟悉了多個(gè)崗位和工作類型，每一個(gè)崗位都需要很大的勇氣和挑戰(zhàn)。在一個(gè)沒有空調(diào)、只能容納三人的狹小工作空間里，她工作了60天，直到完成“長(zhǎng)征五號(hào)火箭繞行”戰(zhàn)役)”可知，周女士堅(jiān)持自己的夢(mèng)想，不懈努力，勇于挑戰(zhàn)，故可推知，我們能從周女士的故事中學(xué)到“態(tài)度決定高度”的道理。故選A。Whydidhumansevolvetowalkupright?Perhapsbecauseit’sjustplaineasier.Makethat“energeticallylesscostly,”inscience-speak.Bipedalism—walkingontwofeet—isoneofthedefiningcharacteristicsofbeinghuman,andscientistshavedebatedforyearshowitcameabout.Inthelatestattempttofindanexplanation,researcherstrainedfivechimpanzeestowalkontreadmillwhilewearingmasksthatallowedmeasurementoftheiroxygenconsumption.Thechimpsweremeasuredbothwhilewalkinguprightandwhilemovingontheirlegsandknuckles.Thatmeasurementoftheenergyneededtomoveroundwascomparedwithsimilartestsonhumansandtheresultsarepublishedinthisweek’sonlineeditionofProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.Itturnsoutthathumanswalkingontwolegsuseonlyonequarteroftheenergythatchimpanzeesusewhileknuckle-walkingonfourlimbs.Andthechimps,onaverage,useasmuchenergyusingtwolegsastheydidwhentheyusedallfourlimbs.However,thereweredifferencesamongchimpanzeesinhowmuchenergytheyused,andthisdifferencecorrespondedtotheirdifferentgaitsandanatomy.Oneofthechimpsusedlessenergyontwolegs,oneusedaboutthesameandtheothersusedmore,saidDavidRaichlen,assistantprofessorofanthropologyattheUniversityofArizona.“Whatweweresurprisedatwasthevariation,”hesaidintelephoneinterview.“Thatwasprettyexciting,becausewhenyoutalkabouthowevolutionworks,variationisthebottomline,withoutvariationthereisnoevolution.”Walking,ontwolegsfreedourarms,openingthedoortomanipulatingtheworld,Raichlensaid.“Wethinkabouttheevolutionofbipedalismasoneoffirsteventsthatledhominidsdownthepathtobeinghuman.”TheresearchwassupportedbytheNationalScienceFoundationandtheL.S.B．LeakeyFoundation.46．Theunderlinedword“Bipedalism”means.A．movingsideways B．walkinguprightC．walkingonfourlegs D．runningfast47．Whydidchimpanzeeswearmasksintheexperiment?A．Masksprotectchimpanzeesfromanyharm.B．Maskshelpchimpanzeeswalksteadily.C．Therewasheavysmokeintheroom.D．Maskshelpedtomeasurehowmuchoxygenchimpanzeesconsumed.48．Wecaninferthatscientists.A．havenoideaonhowhumanwalkingontwolegscameaboutB．havehaddifferentviewsonwhychimpanzeeswalkonfourlegsC．havehaddifferentviewsonhowhumanwalkingontwolegscameaboutD．havehadsimilarviewsonhowhumanwalkingontwolegscameabout49．Whatdoesthefourthparagraphmainlydealwith?A．Howdidchimpanzeessaveenergy? B．Whydidn’tchimpanzeeswalkontwolegs?C．DavidRaichlenresearchedintochimpanzees. D．Differentchimpanzeesconsumedifferentenergy.50．Accordingtothepassagehumanswalkuprightinorderto.A．conserveenergy B．differfromotheranimalsC．freetheirbrains D．strengthentheirlegs【答案】46．B47．D48．C49．D50．A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)人類直立行走的原因主要是為了節(jié)約能量，介紹了相關(guān)研究以及研究發(fā)現(xiàn)。46．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段“Whydidhumansevolvetowalkupright?(為什么人類進(jìn)化成直立行走？)”以及劃線詞后文“walkingontwofeet—isoneofthedefiningcharacteristicsofbeinghuman,andscientistshavedebatedforyearshowitcameabout”可知，用兩只腳走路——是人類的決定性特征之一，科學(xué)家們多年來(lái)一直在爭(zhēng)論它是如何產(chǎn)生的。由此可知，劃線詞意思是“直立行走”。故選B。47．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Inthelatestattempttofindanexplanation,researcherstrainedfivechimpanzeestowalkontreadmillwhilewearingmasksthatallowedmeasurementoftheiroxygenconsumption.(在最新的嘗試中，研究人員訓(xùn)練五只黑猩猩戴著面具在跑步機(jī)上行走，以測(cè)量它們的耗氧量)”可知，黑猩猩在實(shí)驗(yàn)中戴面具，是因?yàn)槊婢哂兄跍y(cè)量黑猩猩消耗了多少氧氣。故選D。48．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Bipedalism—walkingontwofeet—isoneofthedefiningcharacteristicsofbeinghuman,andscientistshavedebatedforyearshowitcameabout.(直立行走——用兩只腳走路——是人類的決定性特征之一，科學(xué)家們多年來(lái)一直在爭(zhēng)論它是如何產(chǎn)生的)”可推知，科學(xué)家們對(duì)人類如何用兩條腿走路有不同的看法。故選C。49．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“However,thereweredifferencesamongchimpanzeesinhowmuchenergytheyused,andthisdifferencecorrespondedtotheirdifferentgaitsandanatomy.Oneofthechimpsusedlessenergyontwolegs,oneusedaboutthesameandtheothersusedmore,saidDavidRaichlen,assistantprofessorofanthropologyattheUniversityofArizona.(然而，黑猩猩在消耗能量方面存在差異，這種差異與它們不同的步態(tài)和解剖結(jié)構(gòu)有關(guān)。亞利桑那大學(xué)人類學(xué)助理教授大衛(wèi)·瑞奇?zhèn)愓f(shuō)，其中一只黑猩猩用兩條腿消耗的能量較少，另一只消耗的能量大致相同，而其他的則消耗得更多)”可知，第四段主要講不同的黑猩猩消耗不同的能量。故選D。50．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Whydidhumansevolvetowalkupright?Perhapsbecauseit’sjustplaineasier.Makethat“energeticallylesscostly,”inscience-speak.(為什么人類進(jìn)化成直立行走？也許是因?yàn)檫@樣更簡(jiǎn)單。用科學(xué)術(shù)語(yǔ)來(lái)說(shuō)就是“能量成本更低”)”以及第三段“Itturnsoutthathumanswalkingontwolegsuseonlyonequarteroftheenergythatchimpanzeesusewhileknuckle-walkingonfourlimbs.Andthechimps,onaverage,useasmuchenergyusingtwolegsastheydidwhentheyusedallfourlimbs.(事實(shí)證明，人類用兩條腿走路所消耗的能量只有黑猩猩用四肢用指關(guān)節(jié)走路所消耗能量的四分之一。平均而言，黑猩猩使用兩條腿消耗的能量與使用四肢消耗的能量相同)”可知，人類直立行走是為了節(jié)約能量。故選A。Imaginereadingastorytitled“PursuingSuccess”.Thatwouldbeaninspiringstory,wouldn’tit?Maybe—butmaybenot.Itmightwellbethestoryofsomeonewhoseneverendingchaseformoreandmoresuccessleavesthemunsatisfiedandincapableofhappiness.Thoughitisn’taconventionalmedicaladdiction,formanypeoplesuccesshasaddictiveproperties.Obviousl