1、,InternationalRegulationforPreventingCollisionatSea,1972（COLREG72）1972年國際海上避碰規(guī)則,StructureofCOLREG72,5Parts（章）38Rules（條）4Annex（附錄）,PartA:General(總則）PartB:SteeringandSailingRules（駕駛與航行規(guī)則）PartC:LightsandShapes（號燈與號型）PartD:SoundandLightsSignals（燈光與聲響信號）PartE:Exemptions（豁免）,PARTAGENERAL第一章總則（ThreeRulesRu

2、le1-3)（共有三條規(guī)則第1-3條）RULE：Application第一條：適用范圍RULE：Responsibilities第二條：責(zé)任RULE：GeneralDefinitions第三條：一般定義,PARTB-STEERINGANDSAILINGRULES第二章駕駛與航行規(guī)則,SECTION1:第一節(jié)任何能見度情況下的行動ConductofVesselsinanyConditionofVisibilitySECTIONII:第二節(jié)船舶在互見中的行動ConductofVesselsinSightofOneAnotherSECTIONIII:第三節(jié)能見度不良時的行動ConductofVess

3、elsinRestrictedVisibility,SECTIONI-ConductofVesselsinanyConditionofVisibility第一節(jié)船舶在任何能見度情況下的行動,Rule4:Application適用范圍Rule5:Look-out了望Rule6:SafeSpeed安全航速.Rule7:RiskofCollision碰撞危險.Rule8:ActiontoavoidCollision避免碰撞的行動.Rule9:NarrowChannels狹水道Rule10:TrafficSeparationSchemes分道通航制.,SECTIONII-ConductofVessel

4、sinSightofOneAnother第二節(jié)船舶在互見中的行動,Rule11:Application適用范圍Rule12:SailingVessels帆船Rule13:Overtaking追越Rule14:Head-onSituation對遇局面Rule15:CrossingSituation交叉局面Rule16:ActionbyGive-wayVessel讓路船的行動Rule17:ActionbyStand-onVessel直航船的行動Rule18:ResponsibilitiesbetweenVessels船舶之間的責(zé)任,SECTIONIII-ConductofVesselsinRest

5、rictedVisibility第三節(jié)能見度不良時的行動,Rule19:ConductofVesselsinRestrictedVisibility.船舶在能見度不良時的行動,PARTC-LIGHTSANDSHAPES,Rule20:Application適用范圍Rule21:Definitions定義Rule22:VisibilityofLights號燈可見距離Rule23:Power-drivenVesselsunderway在航機(jī)動船Rule24:TowingandPushing.拖帶和頂推Rule25:SailingVesselsunderwayandVesselsunderOars.

6、在航帆船和劃槳船,Rule26:FishingVessels漁船Rule27:VesselsnotunderCommandorRestrictedintheirAbilitytoManoeuvre失控船和操縱能力受到限制的船Rule28:VesselsconstrainedbytheirDraught限于吃水的船舶Rule29:PilotVessels.引航船Rule30:AnchoredVesselsandVesselsaground錨泊船和擱淺船Rule31:Seaplanes水上飛機(jī),PARTD:SoundandLightSignals,Rule32:Definitions定義Rule3

7、3:EquipmentforSoundSignals聲響設(shè)備Rule34:ManoeuvringandWarningSignals操縱與警告信號Rule35:SoundSignalsinRestrictedVisibility能見度不良時的聲響信號Rule36:SignalstoAttractAttention招引注意的信號Rule37:DistressSignals遇險信號,PARTE:EXEMPTIONS,Rule38Exemptions,RuleApplication(IncludingFiveItems)第一條適用范圍(共有5款),Appliedvesselsandwaters適用的船

8、舶與水域,（a）Theserulesshallapplytoallvesselsuponthehighseasandinallwatersconnectedtherewithnavigablebyseagoingvessels.(本規(guī)則適用于在公海和連接公海而可供海船航行的一切水域中的一切船舶),Specialrulesmadebyauthority主管機(jī)構(gòu)指定的特殊規(guī)則,(b)NothingintheseRulesshallinterferewiththeoperationofspecialrulesmadebyanappropriateauthorityforroadsteads,harb

9、our,river,lakesandinlandwaterwaysconnectedwiththehighseasandnavigablebyseagoingvessel.SuchspecialrulesshallconformascloselyaspossibletotheseRules.本規(guī)則各條，不妨礙有關(guān)主管機(jī)關(guān)為連接公海而可供海船航行的一切水域的任何港外錨地、港口、江河、湖泊及內(nèi)陸水道制定的特殊規(guī)定的實施。這些特殊規(guī)定，應(yīng)盡可能符合本規(guī)則各條,SpecialrulesmadebyGovernment政府指定的特殊規(guī)則,(c)NothingintheseRulesshallinterf

10、erewiththeoperationofspecialrulesmadebythewithrespecttoadditionalstationorsignallights,shapesorwhistlesignalsforshipsofwarandvesselsproceedingunderconvoy,orwithrespectwithtoadditionalstationorsignallights,shapesforfishingvesselsengagedinfishingasafleet.Theseadditionalstationorsignallights,shapesorwh

11、istlesignalsshall,asfaraspossible,besuchthattheycannotbemistakenforanylight,shapeorsignalauthorizedelsewhereundertheseRules.,本規(guī)則各條，不妨礙各國政府為軍艦及護(hù)航下的船舶所制定的關(guān)于額外的隊形燈、信號燈、號型或笛號、或者為結(jié)對從事捕魚的漁船所制定的關(guān)于額外的隊形燈、信號燈或號型的任何特殊規(guī)定的實施。這些額外的隊形燈、信號燈、號型及號笛，盡可能不致被誤認(rèn)為本規(guī)則其他條文所規(guī)定的任何號燈、號型或信號。,TSSAdoptedbyIMOIMO采納的TSS,(d)TrafficS

12、eparationSchemesmaybeadoptedbytheOrganizationforthepurposeoftheseRules.（為了實施本規(guī)則，本組織可以采納分道通航制）,SpecialStructureandPurposeVessel特殊結(jié)構(gòu)和用途的船舶,(e)WhenevertheGovernmentconcernedshallhavedeterminedthatavesselofspecialconstructionorpurposecannotcomplyfullywiththeprovisionsofanyoftheseRuleswithrespecttothenum

13、ber,position,rangeorarcofvisibilityoflightsorshapes,aswellastothedispositionandcharacteristicsofsound-signalingappliances(tobecontinued),suchvesselshallcomplywithsuchotherprovisionsinregardtothenumber,position,rangeorarcofvisibilityoflightsorshapes,aswellastothedispositionandcharacteristicsofsound-s

14、ignalingappliances,asherGovernmentshallhavedeterminedtobetheclosestpossiblecompliancewiththeseRulesinrespectofthatvessel.,凡經(jīng)有關(guān)政府確定，某種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)或用途的船舶，如不能完全遵守本規(guī)則任何一條關(guān)于號燈或號型的數(shù)量、位置、能見距離或弧度以及聲號設(shè)備的配置和特性的規(guī)定時，則應(yīng)遵守其政府在號燈或號型的數(shù)量、位置、能見距離或弧度以及聲號設(shè)備的配置和特性方面為之另行確定的盡可能符合本規(guī)則的規(guī)定。,Rule2Responsibility(Including2items)第二條責(zé)任(共

15、有2款),NeglectClause過失條款,(a)NothingintheseRulesshallexonerateanyvessel,ortheowner,masterorcrewthereof,fromtheconsequencesofanyneglecttocomplywiththeseRulesoroftheneglectofanyprecautionwhichmayberequiredbytheordinarypracticeofseamen,orbythespecialcircumstancesofthecase.本規(guī)各條則并不免除任何船舶或其所有人、船長或是船員由于對遵守本規(guī)則

16、各條的任何疏忽,或者對海員通常做法或當(dāng)時特殊情況可能要求的任何戒備上的疏忽而產(chǎn)生的各種后果的責(zé)任。,(b)InconstruingandcomplyingwiththeseRulesdueregardshallbehadtoalldangersofnavigationandcollisionandtoanyspecialcircumstances，includingthelimitationsofthevesselsinvolved,whichmaymakeadeparturefromtheseRulesnecessarytoavoidimmediatedanger.在解釋和遵行本規(guī)則各條規(guī)定

17、時,應(yīng)充分考慮一切航行和碰撞的危險以及包括當(dāng)時船舶條件限制在內(nèi)的任何特殊情況，這些危險和特殊情況可能需要背離本規(guī)則條款以避免緊迫危險。,NeglectClause過失條款,Rule3第三條GeneralDefinitions一般定義,(a)Theword“vessel”includeseverydescriptionofwatercraft,includingnon-displacementcraft,WIGcraftandseaplane,usedorcapableofbeingusedasameansoftransportationonwater1.“船舶”一詞指用作或能夠用作水上運(yùn)輸工具

18、的船筏,包括非排水船舶、地效翼船和水上飛機(jī)。,(b)Theterm“power-drivenvessel”meansanyvesselpropelledbymachinery.“機(jī)動船”是指用機(jī)器推進(jìn)的任何船舶,包括裝有機(jī)器并正在使用機(jī)器作推進(jìn)動力的帆船。,(c)Theterm“sailingvessel”meansanyvesselundersailprovidedthatpropellingmachinery,iffitted,isnotbeingused.“帆船”是指任何駛帆的船舶，包括裝有推進(jìn)器而不在使用者。,(d)Theterm“vesselengagedinfishing”mean

19、sanyvesselfishingwithnets,lines,trawlerorotherfishingapparatuswhichrestrictmaneuverability,butdoesnotincludeavesselfishingwithtrollinglinesorotherfishingapparatuswhichdonotrestrictmanoevurability.“從事捕魚的船舶”是指使用網(wǎng)具、繩釣、拖網(wǎng)或其他使其操縱性能受到限制的任何船舶,但并不包括使用曳繩釣或其他并不使其操縱性能受到限制的漁具捕漁的船舶。,(e)Theword“seaplane”includesa

20、nyaircraftdesignedtomanoeuvreonthewater.“水上飛機(jī)”是指為能在水面操縱而設(shè)計的任何航空器（飛機(jī)、飛艇、水陸兩棲型）,(f)Theterm“vesselnotundercommand”meansavesselwhichthroughsomeexceptionalcircumstanceisunabletomanoevureasrequiredbytheserulesandisthereforeunabletokeepoutofwayofanothervessel.“失去控制的船舶”是指由于某種異常的情況，不能按規(guī)則各條的要求進(jìn)行操縱，因而不能給他船讓路的船

21、舶。,(g)Theterm“vesselrestrictedinherabilitytomanoeuvre”meansavesselwhichfromthenatureofherworkisrestrictedinherabilitytomanoeuvreasrequiresbytheserulesandisthereforeunabletokeepoutofwayofanothervessel.“操縱能力受到限制的船舶”是指由于工作性質(zhì)，使其按規(guī)則要求進(jìn)行操縱的能力受到限制,因而不能給他船讓路的船舶。,(h)Theterm“vesselconstrainedbyherdraught”mean

22、sapower-drivenvesselwhichbecauseofherdraughtinrelationtotheavailabledepthandwidthofnavigablewaterisseverelyrestrictedinherabilitytodeviatefromthecoursesheisfollowing.“限于吃水的船舶”是指由于吃水與可航水域的深度和寬度的關(guān)系，致使其駛離所駛航向的能力嚴(yán)重受到限制的機(jī)動船,(i)Theword“underway”meansthatvesselisnotatanchor,ormadefasttotheshore,oraground.“

23、在航”是指船舶不在錨泊、系岸和擱淺。,(j)Theword“l(fā)ength”and“Breadth”ofavesselmeanherlengthoverallandgreatestbreadth.船舶的“長度”和“寬度”是指船舶的總長度和最大寬度。,(k)Vesselshallbedeemedtobe“insightofoneanother”onlywhenonecanbeobservedvisuallyfromtheother.“互見”是指只有當(dāng)一船能自他船以視覺看到時，才認(rèn)為兩船是在互見中。,(l)Theterm“restrictedvisibility”meansanyconditioni

24、nwhichvisibilityisrestrictedbyfog,mist,fallingsnow,heavyrainstorms,sandstormsoranyothersimilarcauses.“能見度不良”指任何由于霧、下雪、暴風(fēng)雨、霾、沙暴或其他原因而使能見度受到限制的情況.其他原因包括：城市的煙霧與塵埃。,(m)ThetermWing-In-Groundcraftmeansamulti-modalcraftwhich,initsmainoperationalmode,filesincloseproximitytosurfacebyutilizingsurface-effectac

25、tion.13“地效翼船”一詞系指多式船艇，其主要操作方式是利用表面效應(yīng)貼近水面飛行。,PartB(第二章）,SteeringandSailingRules駕駛和航行規(guī)則,SECTION1(第一節(jié)）ConductofVesselinAnyConditionofVisibility（船舶在任何能見度情況下的行動規(guī)則),Rule4Application(第四條適用范圍）Rulesinthissectionapplyinanyconditionofvisibility.本節(jié)各條適用于任何能見度的情況,RuleFiveLook-out(第五條了望）,Everyvesselshallatalltimes

26、maintainaproperlook-outbysightandhearingaswellasbyallavailablemeansappropriateintheprevailingcircumstancesandconditionssoastomakeafullappraisalofthesituationandoftheriskofcollision.每一船舶任何時侯應(yīng)采用視覺、聽見以及適合當(dāng)時環(huán)境和情況下一切有效的手段保持正規(guī)的了望，以便對局面和碰撞危險做出充分的估計。,RuleFiveSafeSpeed(第五條安全航速）,Everyvesselshallatalltimesproc

27、eedatasafespeedsothatshecantakeproperandeffectiveactiontoavoidcollisionandbestoppedwithinadistanceappropriatetotheprevailingcircumstancesandconditions.每一船舶在任何時侯均應(yīng)用安全航速，以便能采取適當(dāng)而有效的避碰讓行動，并能在適合當(dāng)時環(huán)境和條件的距離內(nèi)把船停住。,Factorsindeterminingasafespeed（決定安全航速因素）,.Byallvessels：(1)thestateofvisibility能見度(2)thetraffi

28、cdensityincludingconcentrationsoffishingvesselsoranyothervessels通航密度(3)themanoeuvrabilityofthevesselswithspecialreferencetostoppingdistanceandturningabilityintheprevailingconditions）本船操縱性能,(4)atnightthepresenceofbackgroundlightsuchasfromshorelightsorfromthebackscatterofherownlights燈光背景(5)thestateofw

29、ind,seaandcurrentandproximityofnavigationhazards風(fēng)、海浪和障航物(6)thedraughtinrelationtotheavailabledepthofwater船舶吃水,2.Byvesselswithoperationalradar,(1)thecharacteristics,efficiencyandlimitationsofradarequipment雷達(dá)特性效率與局限性(2)anyconstraintsimposedbytheradarrangescaleinuse雷達(dá)量程限制（3)theeffectsonradardetectionof

30、theseastate,weatherandothersourcesofinterference海況氣象和其他影響源,(4)thepossibilitythatsmallvessels,iceandotherfloatingobjects,maybenotdetectedbyradaratanadequaterange在適當(dāng)?shù)木嚯x內(nèi)可能探測不到的小船、浮冰和其他漂浮物(5)thenumber,locationandmovementofvesselsdetectedbyradar雷達(dá)探測到的船舶數(shù)量、位置和動態(tài)(6)themoreexactassessmentofvisibilitythatma

31、ybepossiblewhenradarisusedtodeterminetherangeofvesselsorotherobjectsinthevicinity通過剛看到和突然消失物標(biāo)來判斷可見距離,RuleSevenRiskofCollision（碰撞危險）（Rule7including4items）（第七條共包括4款）,(a)Everyvesselshalluseallavailablemeansappropriatetotheprevailingcircumstancesandconditiontodetermineifriskofcollisionexists.Ifthereisan

32、ydoubtsuchriskshallbedeemedtoexist.每一船舶應(yīng)用適合當(dāng)時環(huán)境和條件的一切手段斷定是否存在碰撞危險,如有懷疑則應(yīng)認(rèn)為存在這種危險。,(b)Properuseshallbemadeofradarequipmentiffittedandoperational,includinglong-rangescanningtoobtainearlywarningofriskofcollisionandradarplottingorequivalentsystematicobservationofdetectedobjects.如裝有雷達(dá)設(shè)備并可使用的話，則應(yīng)正確予以使用，包括

33、遠(yuǎn)距離掃瞄，以便獲得碰撞危險的早期警報，并對探測到的物標(biāo)進(jìn)行雷達(dá)標(biāo)繪或與其相當(dāng)?shù)南到y(tǒng)觀察。,(c)Assumptionsshallnotbemadeonthebasisofscantyinformation,especiallyscantyradarinformation.不應(yīng)當(dāng)根據(jù)不充分的資料,特別是不充分的雷達(dá)觀測資料做出推斷(d)Indeterminingifriskofcollisionexiststhefollowingconsiderationshallbeamongthosetakenintoaccount:4.在斷定是否存在碰撞危險時,考慮的因素應(yīng)包括以下各點(diǎn):,(i)such

34、riskshallbedeemedtoexistifthecompassbearingofanapproachingvesseldoesnotappreciablychange;1)如果來船的羅經(jīng)方位沒有什么變化,則應(yīng)認(rèn)為存在這種危險;(ii)suchriskmaysometimesexistevenwhenanappreciablebearingchangeisevident,particularlywhenapproachingaverylargevesseloratoworwhenapproachingavesselatacloserange.2)即使有明顯的方位變化,有時也存在這種危險

35、,特別是在駛近一艘很大的船舶或拖帶船組時,或是近距離駛近它船時。,RuleEightActiontoavoidcollision避免碰撞危險的行動（Rule8including6items）(第七條共包括6款),(a)AnyactiontakentoavoidcollisionshallbetakeninaccordancewiththeRulesofthispartandshall,ifthecircumstancesofthecaseadmit,bepositive,madeinampletimeandwithdueregardtotheobservanceofgoodseamanship

36、.1.應(yīng)根據(jù)本章各條采取避免碰撞所采取的任何行動，如當(dāng)時環(huán)境許可，應(yīng)是積極地、并應(yīng)及早地進(jìn)行和注意運(yùn)用良好的船藝。,(b)Anyalterationofcourseand/orspeedtoavoidcollisionshall,ifthecircumstancesofthecaseadmit,belargeenoughtobereadilyapparenttoanothervesselobservingvisuallyorbyradar;asuccessionofsmallalterationofcourseand/orspeedshouldbeavoided.2.為避免碰撞而作的航向和（或

37、）航速的任何變動，如當(dāng)時環(huán)境許可，應(yīng)大得足以使他船用視覺和雷達(dá)觀察時容易察覺到，應(yīng)避免對航向和（或）航速作一連串的小變動。,.(c)Ifthereissufficientsearoom,alterationofcoursealonemaybethemosteffectiveactiontoavoidaclose-quarterssituationprovidedthatitismadeingoodtime,issubstantialanddoesnotresultinanotherclose-quarterssituation.3.如有足夠的水域，則單用轉(zhuǎn)向可能是避免緊迫局面的最有效行動，倘若

38、這種行動是及時的、大幅度的并且不致造成另一緊迫局面。,(d)Actiontakentoavoidcollisionwithanothervesselshallbesuchastoresultinpassingatasafedistance.Theeffectivenessoftheactionshallbecarefullycheckeduntiltheothervesselisfinallypassandclear.4.為避免與他船碰撞而所采取的行動，應(yīng)能導(dǎo)致在安全距離駛過。應(yīng)細(xì)心查核避讓行動的有效性，直到最后駛過讓清為止。,(e)Ifnecessarytoavoidcollisionora

39、llowmoretimetoassessthesituation,avesselshallslackenherspeedortakeallherwayoffbystoppingorreversinghermeansofpropulsion.5.如須避免碰撞或須留有更多時間來估計局面，船舶應(yīng)當(dāng)減速或者停止或倒轉(zhuǎn)推進(jìn)器把船停住。,(f)(i)Avesselwhich,byanyoftheserules,isrequirednottoimpedethepassageorsafepassageofanothervesselshall,whenrequiredbythecircumstancesofth

40、ecase,takeearlyactiontoallowsufficientsearoomforthepassageoftheothervessel.6.(1)據(jù)本規(guī)則的任何規(guī)定，要求不得妨礙另一艘船舶的通過或安全通過的船舶應(yīng)根據(jù)當(dāng)時環(huán)境的需要及早采取行動以留出足夠的水域供其他船舶安全通過。,(ii)Avesselrequirednottoimpedethepassageorsafepassageofanothervesselisnotrelievedofhisobligationifapproachingtheothervesselsoastoinvolveriskofcollisionan

41、dshall,whentakingaction,havefullregardtotheactionwhichmayberequiredbytherulesofthispart.(2)如果在接近其他船舶致有碰撞危險時，被要求不得妨礙另一艘船舶的通過或安全通過的船舶并不解除這一責(zé)任，在采取行動時，應(yīng)充分考慮到本章各條可能要求的行動。,(iii)Avesselthepassageofwhichisnottobeimpededremainsfullyobligedtocomplywiththerulesofthispartwhentwovesselsareapproachingoneanotherso

42、astoinvolveriskofcollision.(3)當(dāng)兩船相互接致有碰撞危險時，其通過不得被妨礙的船舶仍有完全遵守本章各條規(guī)定的責(zé)任。,UnitSixNarrowChannel狹水道,(a)Avesselproceedingalongthecourseofnarrowchannelorfairwayshallkeepasneartotheouterlimitofthechanneloffairwaywhichliesonherstarboardsideasissafeandpracticable.1.船舶沿狹水道或航道行使時，只要安全可行，應(yīng)盡量靠近本船右舷的該水道或航道的外緣行駛。,

43、(b)Avesseloflessthan20metersinlengthorasailingvesselshallnotimpedethepassageofavesselwhichcansafelynavigateonlywithinanarrowchannelorfairway.2.帆船或者長度小于20米的船舶，不應(yīng)妨礙只能在狹水道和航道內(nèi)安全航行的船舶通行。,(c)Avesselengagedinfishingshallnotimpedethepassageofanyothervesselinnavigatingonlywithinanarrowchannelorfairway.3.從事捕

44、魚的船舶，不應(yīng)妨礙任何其他在狹水道或航道以內(nèi)航行的船舶通行。,(d)Avesselshallnotcrossanarrowchannelorfairwayifsuchcrossingimpedesthepassageofavesselwhichcansafelynavigateonlywithinsuchchannelorfairway.ThelattervesselmayusethesoundsignalprescribedinRule34(d)ifindoubtastotheintentionofthecrossingvessel.4.船舶不應(yīng)穿越狹水道或航道，如果這種穿越會妨礙只能在這種

45、水道或航道以內(nèi)航行的船舶通行。后者若對穿越船的意圖有懷疑時，可以使用第三十四條4款所規(guī)定的相應(yīng)聲號。,(e)(i)Inanarrowchannelorfairwaywhenovertakingcantakeplaceonlyifthevesseltobeovertakenhastotakeactiontopermitsafepassing,thevesselintendingtoovertakingshallindicateherintentionbysoundingtheappropriatesignalprescribedinRule34(C)(i).5.(1)在狹水道或航道內(nèi)，如只有在被

46、追越船必須采取行動以允許安全通過才能追越時，則企圖追越的船，應(yīng)鳴放第三十四條第3款(1)項所規(guī)定的相應(yīng)聲號，以表示本船的意圖,Thevesseltobeovertakenshall,ifinagreementsoundtheappropriatesignalprescribedinRule34(C)(ii)andtakestepstopermitsafepass.IfindoubtshemaysoundthesignalsprescribedinRule34(d).被追越船如果同意，應(yīng)鳴放第三十四條3款(2)項所規(guī)定的相應(yīng)聲號、并采取使之能安全通過的措施。如有懷疑，則可以鳴放第三十四條4款所規(guī)

47、定的聲號。,(e)(ii)ThisRuledoesnotrelievetheovertakingvesselofherobligationunderRule13.5.(2)本條并不解除追越船根據(jù)第十三條所負(fù)的義務(wù)。,(f)Avesselnearingabendoranareaofanarrowchannelorfairwaywhereothervesselsmaybeobscuredbyaninterveningobstructionshallnavigatewithparticularalertnessandcautionandshallsoundtheappropriatesignalpr

48、escribedinRule34(e).6.船舶在駛近可能被居間障礙物遮蔽他船的狹水道或航道的彎頭或地段時，應(yīng)特別機(jī)警和謹(jǐn)慎地駕駛，并應(yīng)鳴放第三十四條5款所規(guī)定的相應(yīng)聲號。,(g)Anyvesselshall,ifthecircumstancesofthecaseadmit,avoidanchoringinanarrowchannel.7.任何船舶，如當(dāng)時環(huán)境許可，都應(yīng)避免在狹水道內(nèi)錨泊。,UnitSevenTrafficSeparationSchemes(TSS)分道通航制(Rule10Including12Items),(a)ThisRuleappliestotrafficseparati

49、onschemesadoptedbytheOrganizationanddoesnotrelieveanyvesselofherobligationunderanyotherrule.1.本條適用于本組織所采納的分道通航制，但并不解除任何船舶遵守任何其他各條規(guī)定的責(zé)任。,(b)Avesselusingatrafficseparationschemeshall:(使用分道通航制區(qū)域的船舶應(yīng)),(i)proceedintheappropriatetrafficlaneinthegeneraldirectionoftrafficflowforthatlane;(1)在相應(yīng)的通航分道內(nèi)順著該分道的船舶

50、總流向行駛(ii)sofaraspracticablekeepclearofatrafficseparationlineandseparationzone;(2)盡可能讓開通航分隔線或分隔帶,(iii)normallyjoinorleaveattrafficlaneattheterminationofthelane,butwhenjoiningorleavingfromeithersideshalldosoatassmallerangletothegeneraldirectionoftrafficflowaspracticable.(3)通常在通航分道的端部駛進(jìn)或駛出，但從分道的任何一側(cè)駛過或

51、駛出時，應(yīng)與分道的船舶總流向形成盡可能小的角度。,(c)Avesselshallsofaraspracticableavoidcrossingtrafficlanes,butifobligedtodososhallcrossonaheadingasnearlyaspracticableatrightangletothegeneraldirectionoftrafficflow.3.船舶應(yīng)盡可能避免穿越通航分道，但如不得不穿越時，則應(yīng)盡可能與分道的船舶總流向成直角的航向穿越。,(d)(i)Avesselshallnotuseaninshoretrafficzonewhenshecansafely

52、usetheappropriatetrafficlanewithintheadjacenttrafficseparationscheme.However,vesselsoflessthan20metersinlength,sailingvesselsandvesselsengagedinfishingmayusetheinshoretrafficzone.4.(1)當(dāng)船舶可安全使用鄰近分道通航制區(qū)域中相應(yīng)通航分道時,不應(yīng)使用沿岸通航帶，但長度小20米的船舶、帆船和從事捕魚的船舶可使用沿岸通航帶；,(e)Avesselotherthanacrossingvesseloravesseljoinin

53、gorleavingalaneshallnotnormallyenteraseparationzoneorcrossaseparationlineexcept:(i)incasesofemergencytoavoidimmediatedanger;(ii)toengageinfishingwithinaseparationzone.5.除穿越船或者駛近或駛出通航分道的船舶外,船舶通常不應(yīng)進(jìn)入分隔帶或穿越崐分隔線，除非：(1)在緊急情況下避免緊迫危險；(2)在分隔帶內(nèi)從事捕魚。,(f)Avesselnavigatinginareasneartheterminationoftrafficsepar

54、ationschemesshalldosowithparticularcaution.6.船舶在分道通航制區(qū)域端部附近行駛時，應(yīng)特別謹(jǐn)慎。,(g)Avesselshallasfaraspracticalavoidanchoringinatrafficseparationschemeorinareasnearitsterminations.7.船舶應(yīng)盡可能避免在分道通航制區(qū)域內(nèi)或其端部附近錨泊；,(h)Avesselnotusingatrafficseparationschemeshallavoiditbyaswideamarginasispracticable.8.不使用分道通航制區(qū)域的船舶，

55、應(yīng)盡可能遠(yuǎn)離該區(qū)；,(i)Avesselengagedinfishingshallnotimpedethepassageofanyvesselfollowingatrafficseparationlane.9.從事捕魚的船舶，不應(yīng)妨礙按分道通航行駛的任何船舶的通行；,(j)Avesseloflessthan20metersinlengthorasailingvesselshallnotimpedethesafepassageofapower-drivenvesselfollowingatrafficlane.10.帆船或長度小于20米的船舶，不應(yīng)妨礙按分道通航行駛的機(jī)動船舶的安全通行；,(k)

56、AvesselrestrictedinherabilitytomanoeuvrewhenengagedinanoperationforthemaintenanceofsafetyofnavigationinatrafficseparationschemeisexemptedfromcomplyingwiththisRuletotheextentnecessarytocarryouttheoperation.11.操縱能力受到限制的船舶，當(dāng)在分道通航制區(qū)域內(nèi)從事維護(hù)航行安全的作業(yè)時，在執(zhí)行該作業(yè)所必需的限度內(nèi)，可免受本條規(guī)定的約束；,(i)Avesselrestrictedinherabilit

57、ytomanoeuvrewhenengagedinanoperationforthelaying,servicingorpickingupofasubmarinecable,withinatrafficseparationscheme,isexemptedfromcomplyingwiththisRuletotheextentnecessarytocarryouttheoperation.12.操縱能力受到限制的船舶，當(dāng)在分道通航制區(qū)域內(nèi)從事敷設(shè)、維修或起撈海底電纜時，在執(zhí)行該作業(yè)所必需的限度內(nèi)，可免受本條規(guī)定的約束,SectionTwo,Conductofvesselsinsightofon

58、eanother,船舶在互見中的行動規(guī)則,（Rule11-18),Rule11-Application,Rulesinthissectionapplytovesselsinsightofoneanother.本節(jié)各條適用于互見中的船舶,Rule12Sailingvessel帆船(Rule12including2items),(a)Whentwosailingvesselsareapproachingoneanother,soastoinvolveriskofcollision,oneofthemshallkeepoutofthewayoftheotherasfollows:兩艘帆相互使近致有構(gòu)

59、成碰撞危險時，其中一船應(yīng)按下列規(guī)定給他船讓路：(i)wheneachhasthewindonadifferentside,thevesselwhichhasthewindontheportsideshallkeepoutofwayoftheother;兩船在不同舷受風(fēng)時,左舷受風(fēng)的船應(yīng)給右舷受風(fēng)船讓路,(ii)whenbothhavethewindonthesameside,thevesselwhichiswindwardshallkeepoutofwayofthevesselwhichistoleeward;兩舷在同舷受風(fēng)時,上風(fēng)船應(yīng)給下風(fēng)船讓路。(iii)Ifthevesselwiththewindontheportsideseesavesselwindwardandcannotdeterminewithcertaintywhethertheothervesselhasthewindontheportorthestarboardside,sheshallkeepoutofthewayoftheother;如左舷受風(fēng)的船看到在上風(fēng)的船而不能斷定究竟該船是左舷還是右舷受風(fēng),則應(yīng)給該船讓路。,(b)Forthepurpose