1、Unit 4,Astronomy： the science of the stars,Period 2: Language Points,短語梳理與句子考點分析和翻譯,1. 根據(jù)廣泛被接受的理論 2. 宇宙以“大爆炸”開始 3. 四面八方 4.不確定它會變成什么 5. 沉降成為固體球 6. 它的形狀是否會持續(xù)仍不清楚 7. 它們及時產(chǎn)生了碳。 8. 更重要的是隨著地球冷卻，水開始在它表面出現(xiàn)。,1. according to a widely accepted theory 2. The universe began with a “Big Bang”. 3. in all direction

2、s 4. What it was to become was uncertain. 5. settle down into a solid globe 6.It is not clear whether the shape would last or not. 7. They were in time to produce carbon. 8. What is even more important is that as the earth cool down,water began to appear on its surface.,1. 使大海充滿氧氣 2. 各種各樣的魚 3. 通過下蛋繁

3、殖后代 4. 存在在地球上 5. 使哺乳動物的增長成為可能 6. 生小孩 7. 輪到他們 8. 防止熱量從地球散發(fā)到太空,1. fill the oceans and seas with oxygen 2. all sorts of fish 3. produce young by laying eggs 4. exist on the earth 5. Make it possible the rise of mammals 6. give birth to young babies 7. in their turn 8. prevent heat from escaping from th

4、e earth into space,【課文考點點撥】 1. What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe. What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface. _ was most important to her, she told me, was h

5、er family. A. ItB. This C. WhatD. As _ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing. A. It B. What C. As D. Which . _（使大家吃驚的是）is that he didnt come to the meeting. . _ （他所做的）added to our difficulty.,What surprised me,What he had done,（分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)并翻譯成中文）,2 地球猛烈的爆炸噴出了烈火和巖石，最

6、終產(chǎn)生了碳、氮氣、水蒸氣和其他多種氣體，從而形成了地球的大氣層。 3.水對于生命的發(fā)展會起關(guān)鍵作用，這一點在當時并不明顯。 4.很多科學(xué)家相信，由于地球上長期有水存在，使地球得以把有害氣體和酸性物質(zhì)溶解在海洋里,The earth exploded loudly _fire and rock. They were in time _(produce)carbon, nitrogen, water vapour and other gases, _were to make the earths atmosphere.,_was not immediately obvious that water

7、 was to be fundamental _the development of life.,_many scientists believes is that the_ (continue)presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids _the oceans and seas.,with,to produce,which,It,to,What,continued,into,課文句子中的考點以及短語單詞學(xué)習(xí)第一二段,1. However, according to a widely_(acce

8、pt) theory, the universe began _a “Big Bang” _threw matter in _ directions 2 The earth became so violent that it was not clear _the shape would last or not. 3 They were in time to produce carbon, nitrogen, water vapour and _gases, _were to make the earths atmosphere,accepted,that,all,with,whether,ot

9、her,which,1. However, according to a widely accepted theory, the universe began with a “Big Bang” that threw matter in all directions. theory n. 理論；原理 theoretical adj. 理論的；假設(shè)的 theoretically adv. 理論地；理論上 【相關(guān)短語】 in theory 理論上 = theoretically in practice在實踐中；實際上 = practically,begin with=start with：“以開始

10、”. 1) to begin with=to start with 以為起點; 開始(做) 這兩個詞組都可以單獨使用,表示“首先; 第一; 起初; 最初”。 e.g.首先, 我一點也不喜歡他。 To begin/start with, I couldnt like him at all.,(L.2) a “Big Bang” that threw matter in all directions. =in every direction/directions? 朝四面八方 譯：The enemies ran away in all directions. 敵人四處逃竄。 拓展： Im terr

11、ible with directions: _ a sense of direction: _ 在某人的指導(dǎo)下: _ ones direction,方向感,under,我是路癡,2. (L.6) What it was to become was uncertain be to do,be to do sth. = A. be going to 計劃 B. must, should 命令，義務(wù) C. can 可能性 D. ifbe to do, 表假設(shè),1) No one is to leave this building without permission. 2) Such books a

12、re to be found in the library. 3) Their daughter is to get married soon. 4) If I were to do it, I would do it well.,be + doing:_ be + done:_,聯(lián)想,正在,被動,1.This film _ this Sunday. A. is going to show B. is showing C. is to be showed D. will have been show 2.The students were told that they _ at the sch

13、ool gate at 2：00 the following afternoon. A. met B. will meet C. were to meet D. were met 3.In such dry weather，the flowers will have to be watered if they _. A. have survived B. are to survive C. would survive D. will survive,3. The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape wo

14、uld last or not. 1) violent 猛烈的，激烈的 violently adv. 猛然地，激烈地 violence n. 暴力；激烈； a violent storm 一場猛烈的暴風(fēng)雨 a violent movie 一部暴力電影 一部充滿色情與暴力的電影 a film( that is) full of sex and violence,4. (L.10) It exploded loudly with fire and rock. 【探究】 The bomb exploded in Iraq last night. The children exploded into/

15、with laughter. The citys population hasexplodedin the last few years. 【拓展】adj. explosive 爆炸性的 n. explosion 爆炸 Unemployment became an _issue (一個爆炸性問題). the theory of population _: 人口大爆炸理論,v. 爆炸，炸開,v.（指感情）迸發(fā) (=burst into),v.（指人口）突然或迅速增加,explosive,explosion,5. (L.10) They were in time to produce carbon

16、, nitrogen, water vapour and other gases, which were to make the earths atmosphere. in time: 最終/遲早(=finally/sooner or later) 譯: 我遲早會回來的. Ill come back in time. 及時；不遲(=not late) A. 她會及時回來準備晚餐. She will be back _ _ _ prepare dinner. B. 你認為我們能及時趕上火車嗎? Do you think we can get there _ _ _ the train? 翻譯:

17、我來得及去上學(xué)。(in two ways),in,be in time to do sth.,be in time for sth.,in,time,to,time,for,拓展：與time相關(guān)的短語: on time _ at times _ in no time _ once upon a time _ kill time _,準時,有時;偶爾,立刻；馬上,從前,消磨時間,5. (L.13)which were to make the earths atmosphere. 大氣層 會談在友好的氣氛下進行。 The talk was conducted _ _ _ _.,in,a,frien

18、dly,atmosphere,第三四段,1 Water had also appeared on other planets like Mars but, _(like)the earth, it had disappeared _(late) 2 The continued _(present) of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into oceans and seas. 3 This produced a chain reaction_ made it possible for life to de

19、velop. 4 They produced young _(general) by laying eggs.,unlike,later.,presence,which,generally,1. Water had also appeared on other planets like Mars but, unlike the earth, it had disappeared later.,unlike prep. 和不同，不像 dislike vt. 不喜歡，厭惡 n. 嫌惡，反感，不喜愛 dislike sb./sth. 不喜歡某人/某物 dislike doing sth. 不喜歡/厭

20、惡做某事 likes and dislikes 喜歡與不喜歡，好惡,2. (L.22) The continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into oceans and seas. harmful adj. _ e.g. Smoking is harmful to your health. =Smoking _ _ _ your health. 【拓展】 harmless _ 聯(lián)想：useless，helpless, homeless, There is no harm i

21、n reading more books.,有害的,無害的,does,harm,to,There is no harm in doing sth.:做某事沒有壞處,7. (L.25) This produced a chain reaction which made it possible for life to develop. 譯:這產(chǎn)生了_，使生命的發(fā)展_. 注: make it + adj. + (for sb.) to do sth.: 使得(某人)做某事 (形式賓語) (真正的賓語),連鎖反應(yīng),成為可能,BBG Learning Machine,easy,learn English

22、,BBG learning machine makes it easy for students to learn English.,students,組長讓我們有可能一起合作。 The group leader _. 老師讓他們更容易地明白那個問題。 The teacher _.,make it possible for us to work together,made it easy for them to understand the question, The foreign Minister said, “_ our hope that the two sides will work

23、 towards peace. ” (2004BJ) A. This is B. There is C. That is D. It is I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. (NMET2004) A. this B. that C. it D. one Why dont you bring _ to his attention that you are too busy to do it? A. this B. that C. what D. it Was it at the school _ was na

24、med after a hero _ he spent his childhood? A. which ; that B. where; where C. that; where D. which; where,D,D,C,8. (L.30) They multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen. multiply: v. 乘: 2 multiplied by 4 is 8. 增加(=increase) Mosquitoes multiply rapidly in summer.,high school,homework,繁殖,O

25、ur homework have multiplied since we came to high school.,multiply,自從我們讀高中以后 作業(yè)就已經(jīng)成倍增加了,vt. 使增加/繁殖/相乘 vi. 乘；繁殖；增加 multi-= many Multicultural 多元文化的; Multicoloured 多色彩的 multinational 多國的; multimedia 多媒體,9. (L.39) They produced young generally by laying eggs. 它們一般是通過孵蛋而繁衍后代的. 復(fù)習(xí)：“l(fā)ie/lie/lay”的各種形式,(lai

26、d; laid; laying) lays,(lied; lied; lying) lies,(lay; lain; lying) lies,He laid his books on the desk.,The naughty boy _ to me that the hen that _ there just now had _ two eggs the day before.,lied,lay,laid,10. (L.40) They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years. exist:

27、 v. Could life exist in the desert? _ There exists a beautiful garden in our School. = There _ a beautiful garden in our School. 【拓展】 n. existence:存在 搭配: come into existence = come into being 開始存在、成立 譯: When did this world come into existence? Attention：exist 不用進行時態(tài)！,存在,is,There exist = There be (某處

28、存在/有),different - difference (n.) 課本P.28 confident confidence (n.),聯(lián)想,11. (L.41) Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery. remain用法小結(jié)： 1) remain作系動詞(看作“be”理解),意為“仍然；依舊” Peter成為了一個經(jīng)理，而Jack仍然是個工人。 Peter became a manager, but Jack remained _ _. 盡管外面很冷，房間里還是那么暖和。 Though it is cold outside,

29、the room remained _. 他不得不繼續(xù)住在醫(yī)院，直到身體好轉(zhuǎn)。 He had to remain _ _ until he was better. 雖然我們?nèi)宕蔚卣埶拢€是站著。 Though we repeatedly asked her to sit down, she remained _. 他們?nèi)匀槐绘i在房間里。 They remained _ in the room.,a worker,remain + n.作表語,remain + adj.作表語,warm,in hospital,locked,remain +介詞短語 作表語,remain + 分詞作表語

30、 (doing表主動；done表被動),standing,2) remain作vi(不及物動詞) 表示“留下；剩下” e.g. They went, but I remained. 表示某事“尚待、有待于以后被處置”，后加“to be done.” e.g. One problem remains _(solve). e.g. That remains _(prove). 3) remains: n. 表示“遺跡；剩余物” e.g. Theremainsof the supper were taken away. 4）remaining: adj. “剩余的” (=left) 譯: 剩余的錢

31、_ _,to be solved,to be proved,remaining 放在n.前；left放在n.后，都表示“剩余的”,Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it.A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen 2. The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the_.A. 20 dollars remained B.

32、 20 dollars to remainC. remained 20 dollars D. remaining 20 dollars 3. It was already past midnight and only three young men _ in the teahouse.A. left B. remained C. delayed D. deserted 4. Please remain _ until the plane has come to a complete stop.A. to seat B. to be seatedC. seating D. seated,第五段,

33、1 Thus, they have, in _turn, become _most important animals on the planet. 2 They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere,_ prevents heat from escaping from the earth. 3_life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on (whether this problem can_(solve).,th

34、eir,the,which,Whether,be solved,(,),12. (L.46) Thus, they have, in their turn, become the most important animals on the planet. in ones turn: 依次，輪流 譯: When it is in my turn, I am too excited to speak. 【拓展】 in turn: 依次；反過來 ( in return-作為回報) take turns to do/doing sth.: 輪流做某事 turn _: 調(diào)小音量；拒絕 turn _: 調(diào)

35、大音量；出現(xiàn) turn _: (使)變成敵人,down,up,against,【即時演練】用 “up/ down/ in /against” 填空 The help we give to others will _ turn give ourselves pleasure. He said that he would die than to turn _ his country. He tried to join the army but was turned _ because of poor health. My boss hasnt turned _ - I hope he isnt ill.,in,against,down,up,13. (L.48) ,which prevents heat from