1、專題八 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和虛擬語(yǔ)氣,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,一、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 定義：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞是一種本身具有一定詞義，但要與動(dòng)詞原形及其被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一起使用的詞。它給謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞增添情態(tài)色彩，表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)有關(guān)行為或事物的態(tài)度和看法，認(rèn)為其可能、應(yīng)該或必要等。 二、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞無(wú)人稱和數(shù)的變化, 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面跟的動(dòng)詞需用原形,否定式構(gòu)成是在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面加“not”。 個(gè)別情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有現(xiàn)在式和過(guò)去式兩種形式, 過(guò)去式用來(lái)表達(dá)更加客氣, 委婉的語(yǔ)氣, 時(shí)態(tài)性不強(qiáng), 可用于過(guò)去，現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞屬于非及物動(dòng)詞，故沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。,三、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)法特征 (1） 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞不能表示正在發(fā)生或已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情，只表示期待或估計(jì)某事的

2、發(fā)生。 (2） 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞除ought 和have 外，后面只能接不帶to 的不定式。 (3） 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化，即其第三人稱單數(shù)不加s。 (4） 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有非限定形式，即沒(méi)有不定式，分詞形式，也沒(méi)有相應(yīng)的動(dòng)名詞。 四、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法,【考點(diǎn)一】考查表示能力的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can和could可以表示能力；be able to do強(qiáng)調(diào)設(shè)法成功完成某一具體動(dòng)作(相當(dāng)于manage to do/succeed in doing)。 If it were not for the fact that she cant sing, I would invite her to the p

3、arty. 【即學(xué)即練】 單項(xiàng)填空 The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out. A. had to B. would C. was able to D. could 解析:選C?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。have to不得不； would表示意愿或過(guò)去常常；could傾向于表示經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)期訓(xùn)練而獲得的能力；be able to 表示經(jīng)過(guò)努力而能夠做到的事或成功地做了某事。根據(jù)句意，選C。,【考點(diǎn)二】考查表示請(qǐng)求或允諾的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 (1)向?qū)Ψ教岢鼋ㄗh時(shí)用：Shall/May/Might/Can/Could I/we

4、.? Shall he/she/they.?Would/Will you.? (2)could/might/would/should表示委婉的語(yǔ)氣,其肯定回答時(shí)不用could/might表示，用may/can;否定回答時(shí)用cant/mustnt。 Could/May I use your bicycle tomorrow morning? Yes, you can/may. Shall he come to see you? Of course, please. And Id rather he told me the truth. 【考點(diǎn)三】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示推測(cè)的用法,注意：1. 在肯定句中

5、一般用might, may和must；否定句中用might not, may not, couldnt和cant;疑問(wèn)句中用could和can。can還可用于肯定句中表示客觀的或理論的可能性。 2. might, could并非may, can的過(guò)去式，它們表示語(yǔ)氣較為委婉或可能性較小。 Accidents can happen on such rainy days. 【即學(xué)即練】 單項(xiàng)填空 Sorry, Im late. I _ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again. A. might B. should C

6、. can D. will 解析:選A。might have done(過(guò)去)可能做過(guò)某事；should have done本應(yīng)該做某事。根據(jù)句中提供的情境表明,說(shuō)話人可能把鬧鐘關(guān)上了。,【考點(diǎn)四】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示責(zé)備、批評(píng)、抱怨,注意：didnt need to do sth. 表示沒(méi)有必要做某事其實(shí)也沒(méi)有做。 【即學(xué)即練】 單項(xiàng)填空 The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I _ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me. A. should have taken B. could have take

7、n C. neednt have taken D. Mustnt have taken 解析:選C。should have done本應(yīng)該做而實(shí)際上沒(méi)做；could have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去的假設(shè)，意為“本來(lái)能夠做某事而沒(méi)有做”;neednt have done本不需要做卻做了；must have done通常用于肯定句，故D項(xiàng)排除。根據(jù)句子語(yǔ)境可知，選C。 【考點(diǎn)五】考查would rather的用法 (1)would rather do sth.意為“寧可(愿)” (2)would rather do sth. than do sth. 寧可（愿）（而）不要（愿）；與其不如可改寫成 “

8、would do sth. rather than do sth.”。 (3)would rather+從句（虛擬語(yǔ)氣）表示“寧愿，但愿”。用一,般過(guò)去時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)要做的事；用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示已經(jīng)做過(guò)的事或過(guò)去要做的事。 I would rather you had stayed with us yesterday, but you left. 【即學(xué)即練】 單項(xiàng)填空 _, he is well. But I would rather to see him yesterday. A. Personally; go B. Personally; have gone C. As far as I

9、 am concerned; / D. As far as I am concerned; went 解析:選B。“would rather動(dòng)詞過(guò)去完成式”表示過(guò)去的情況，再根據(jù)would rather后跟虛擬語(yǔ)氣的用法和句子語(yǔ)境可知，選B。 【考點(diǎn)六】考查used to的用法 used to表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，現(xiàn)在已不存在。在疑問(wèn)句、否定句、否定疑問(wèn)句中，其變化形式如下：,【考點(diǎn)七】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的其他用法 must表示與說(shuō)話人愿望相反及不耐煩，意為“偏要，非得”。 cant but do sth./cant help/choose but do sth.意為“不得不做某事，只好做某事”

10、。 may well + 動(dòng)詞原形，表示“完全能，很可能”，相當(dāng)于be likely to do sth.。 may as well + 動(dòng)詞原形，表示“最好；滿可以；倒不如”。 cant(never等否定詞)與enough連用，表示“再也不為過(guò)”，相當(dāng)于“cant.too.”。 may可以用于祈使句，表示祝愿。 Just as I was sitting down to supper, the telephone must ring. Since he cant win the race, he may as well quit.,虛擬語(yǔ)氣,定義：虛擬語(yǔ)氣用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人的主觀愿望或假想，而不

11、表示客觀存在的事實(shí)，所說(shuō)的是一個(gè)條件，不一定是事實(shí)，或與事實(shí)相反。虛擬語(yǔ)氣通過(guò)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的特殊形式來(lái)表示。,【考點(diǎn)一】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣在非真實(shí)條件句中的基本用法,【即學(xué)即練】 單項(xiàng)填空 If the weather had been better，we could have had a picnic. But it _ all day. A. rained B. rains C. has rained D. is raining 解析:選A。句意為：如果天氣好的話，我們是能夠去野餐的，但是下了一天的雨。句子前半部分陳述的是與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的事情，所以用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣；“下了一天的雨”是事實(shí)，所以用陳述語(yǔ)氣

12、。 【考點(diǎn)二】考查含蓄虛擬條件句 這樣的虛擬句不含有if從句，而是以but for/without/or/otherwise等引導(dǎo)的句子代替if從句，主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的形式與虛擬語(yǔ)氣的基本用法相同。 But for your help/Without your help, we couldnt have finished the task ahead of time. 【即學(xué)即練】 單項(xiàng)填空 Thank you for all your hard work last week. I dont think we_ it without you.,A. can manage B. could have

13、 managed C. could managed D. can have managed 解析:選B。由語(yǔ)境可知，這里要表達(dá)的意思是“如果沒(méi)有你們辛勤的工作，我們不可能處理好這件事。”這是對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事實(shí)的虛擬，所以要用could have done。 【考點(diǎn)三】考查主從句時(shí)間不一致的虛擬條件句 虛擬條件句中，主句和條件從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作若不是同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，虛擬語(yǔ)氣的形式應(yīng)作相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。 從句的動(dòng)作與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，而主句的動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的事實(shí)不符。 從句的動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，而主句的動(dòng)作與過(guò)去事實(shí)不符。 從句的動(dòng)作與過(guò)去發(fā)生的情況相反，而主句的動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的情況相反。 If I h

14、ad worked hard at school, I would be an engineer now, too. If he knew her, he would have greeted her. If it had not been raining too much, the crops would be growing much better.,【即學(xué)即練】 單項(xiàng)填空 Its hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love，at the age of seven，with the Melinda Co

15、x Library in my hometown. A. wouldnt have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall 解析:選B。句意為：如果不是我在七歲時(shí)愛(ài)上家鄉(xiāng)的Melinda Cox圖書館的話，很難想象今天的我會(huì)是什么樣子。主句描述的是與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的事情，從句描述的是與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的事情。 【考點(diǎn)四】考查省略非真實(shí)條件句中的if 當(dāng)虛擬條件句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞含有were, should, had時(shí),if 可以省略，這時(shí)條件從句要用倒裝語(yǔ)序，即將were, should, had等詞置于句首。 Were he to

16、leave today, he would get there by Friday. 【即學(xué)即練】 單項(xiàng)填空 _ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be cut off. A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. May you be,解析:選B。分析句意可知，空格處表示條件關(guān)系。當(dāng)條件從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中含有were, should, had時(shí)，將其移至句首，省略if，句子結(jié)構(gòu)為省略倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。故選B。此處相當(dāng)于:If you should be。 【考點(diǎn)五】考查名詞性

17、從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 在含有表示堅(jiān)持、建議、命令、要求等動(dòng)詞或名詞（suggest, demand, order, require, insist, propose, advise, suggestion, advice, proposal等）的名詞性從句和在it作形式賓語(yǔ)或形式主語(yǔ)的復(fù)合句中，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)是necessary/strange/essential/natural/a pity/a shame等表示“驚奇、惋惜或理應(yīng)如此”等含義時(shí)，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，其中should可以省略。 He suggested that we (should) start off

18、early the next day. It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off until next week. It is strange that he (should) have acted towards his parents like that.,【即學(xué)即練】 單項(xiàng)填空 Dont you think it necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York？ I agree，but the problem is _he has refused to. A. will not be

19、 sent；that B. not be sent；that C. should not be sent；what D. should not send；what 解析:選B。上半句句意為：難道你不認(rèn)為必須把他送到邁阿密而不是紐約嗎？句意表示理應(yīng)如此的含意。 【考點(diǎn)六】考查其他虛擬語(yǔ)氣 (1)wish后面接賓語(yǔ)從句，表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的愿望，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式；表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的愿望，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“had+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞”；表示將來(lái)難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“should/would+動(dòng)詞原形”。 注意：if only與as if/though用法相同。 I wish I knew the ans

20、wer.(與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反) I wish I had known the answer. (與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反),I wish you would shut up. (與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反) (2)If only引導(dǎo)的感嘆句中，用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示愿望；用過(guò)去時(shí)或“would/could+動(dòng)詞原形”表示與現(xiàn)在或未來(lái)事實(shí)相反的愿望；用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的愿望。 If only I were taller. (與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反) If only he had followed your advice! (與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反) If only the rain would stop. (與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反) (3

21、)It is (high/about) time that sb. did sth./should do sth., 從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用過(guò)去形式，有時(shí)也用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，意為“該是的時(shí)候了”。 It is time you thought about your future. (4)would rather后面接從句時(shí)表示愿望，意為“寧愿，但愿”。I would rather you didnt speak rudely to her. (與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反) Id rather you hadnt spoken rudely to her. (與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反) (5)在lest/in

22、 case/for fear that.引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句，若用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用(should)+動(dòng)詞原形。 He took his umbrella lest it should rain.,2013高考真題 【2013北京】35. - You neednt take an umbrella. It isnt going to rain. - Well, I dont know. It do. A. mightB. needC. wouldD. should 1【答案】A 【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。第一個(gè)人說(shuō)不會(huì)下雨，第二人回答I dont know，因此可知，到底下不下雨是不能肯定的事情，

23、故使用might表推測(cè)“有可能”。 【2013湖南】32. He _ sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it. A. wouldntB. shouldntC. couldntD. mustnt 2【答案】C 【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)后文“although he tried to”可知他不能入睡。故選C。 【2013江西】29.When I was a child, I _ watch TV whenever I wanted to. A. should

24、B. couldC. mustD. need 3【答案】B 【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。A項(xiàng)“應(yīng)該”；B項(xiàng)“能夠”；C項(xiàng)“必須”；D項(xiàng)“需要”，根據(jù)句意，當(dāng)我還是孩童的時(shí)候，每當(dāng)我想看電視的時(shí)候都能夠看。故答案選B。,【2013遼寧】31. Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He _ too much at the party last night. A. could drink B. should drink C. would have drunk D. must have drunk 4【答案】D 【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。此處考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生事情的推測(cè)。根據(jù)句意

25、：Harry感覺(jué)不舒服。昨晚的聚會(huì)上他肯定喝得不少。對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生事情的肯定推測(cè)，用must have done，故選D。 【2013陜西】21. The children lost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled. A. must have got B. must get C. should have got D. should get 5【答案】A 【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。副詞otherwise之前的句子表示推測(cè)，之后的句子表示虛擬。句意為：孩子們肯定在樹(shù)林里迷路了；否

26、則的話，他們就該按計(jì)劃在湖邊的宿營(yíng)地了。故選A，must have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生事情的肯定推測(cè)，意為：過(guò)去肯定已經(jīng)。 【2013四川】5. Why are your eyes so red? You _ have slept well last night. Yeah, I stayed up late writing a report. A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. wont 6【答案】A 【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境“眼睛那么紅，昨晚不可能睡得很好”可知，此處考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can的否定式cant表推測(cè)，意為“不可能”。cant have done表

27、示對(duì)過(guò)去的推測(cè)，意為“過(guò)去不可能”。故選A。,【2013天津】9. No one be more generous; he has a heart of gold. A. could B. must C. dare D. need 7答案】A 【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。譯為：不可能有人比他更慷慨；他有一顆善良的心。cant/ couldnt表不可能，故答案選A。 【2013新課標(biāo)II卷】6. Since nobody gave him any help, he have done the research on his own. A. can B. must C. would D. need 8【

28、答案】B 【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意，由于沒(méi)人幫他，因此他定是一個(gè)人做的那個(gè)調(diào)查。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must表肯定推測(cè)。故選B。 【2013新課標(biāo)I卷】29.The door open , no matter how hard she pushed. A. shouldntB. couldntC. wouldnt D. mightnt 9【答案】C 【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。此處描述主語(yǔ)the door的特點(diǎn)“老是打不開(kāi)”，其固有的特性，用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞would（will）描述，故選C。,【2013浙江】3. I _ myself moreit was a perfect day. A. shouldnt

29、have enjoyed B. neednt have enjoyed C. wouldnt have enjoyed D. couldnt have enjoyed 10【答案】D 【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。此處情態(tài)動(dòng)詞否定式couldnt與比較級(jí)more搭配表達(dá)最高級(jí)的意義；couldnt此處表推測(cè)“不可能”。答案為D。 【2013重慶】26. - What are you doing this Saturday? - Im not sure, but I go to the Rolling Stones concert. A. must B. would C. should D. might

30、 11【答案】D 【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)“Im not sure”可知說(shuō)話者不能確定，因此使用might表示推測(cè)，表示“有可能”。 【2013安徽】34. It be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words. A. may B. couldnt C. should D. neednt 12【答案】B 【解析】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)原因狀語(yǔ)從句“因?yàn)槟阏J(rèn)識(shí)很多單詞”可知“在練習(xí)中不可能是詞匯給你造成了這個(gè)問(wèn)題”，故選B表推測(cè)“不可能”。,【2013北京】3

31、4. If we a table earlier, we couldnt be standing here in a queue. A. have bookedB. bookedC. bookD. had booked 13【答案】D 【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。根據(jù)句意：如果我們?cè)琰c(diǎn)訂桌的話，我們就不可能在這里站著排隊(duì)了。可知if從句是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)。 【2013福建】30. -Do you think George has passed the driving test? -No. If so, he _ his car to our college yesterday. A. w

32、ould drive B. drove C. would have driven D. had driven 14【答案】C 【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。根據(jù)句意，如果這樣的話（喬治已經(jīng)通過(guò)駕照考試），他昨天就駕車來(lái)我們大學(xué)了，可知是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬。If so= If he had passed the driving test，主句使用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ have done。故答案選C。 【2013江蘇】30. I should not have laughed if I you were serious. A. thought B. would think C. had thought D. have t

33、hought 15【答案】C 【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。此處為if虛擬條件句，其主句使用的是should have done，可知是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬，故從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)表示對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬。,【2013陜西】12. My mom suggests that we eat out for a change this weekend. A. should B. might C. could D. would 16【答案】A 【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。題干關(guān)鍵詞為suggest，表示建議，其后所接的名詞性從句應(yīng)用“（should+）動(dòng)詞原形”的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，故選A。 【2013天津】14. If he had spe

34、nt more time practicing speaking English before, he able to speak it much better now. A. will be B. would be C. has been D. would have been 17【答案】B 【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。此題為if虛擬條件句，從句時(shí)間為before，故是對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬，用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)，主句時(shí)間為now，故是對(duì)現(xiàn)在的虛擬，因此用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式后接動(dòng)詞原形，答案為B。 【2013浙江】8. Eye doctors recommend that a childs first eye exa

35、m _ at the age of six months old. A. was B. be C. were D. is 18【答案】B 【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。題干關(guān)鍵詞為recommend，表示“推薦，建議”，后接賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)應(yīng)用（should+）動(dòng)詞原形的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，此處省去了should，故答案為B。,【2013重慶】29. - It rained cats and dogs this morning. Im glad we took an umbrella. - Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we A. hadnt B. havent C.

36、 didnt D. dont 19【答案】A 【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。虛擬條件句主句從句均為對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬，if從句使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)，故選A。 【2013安徽】28. I to my cousins birthday party last night, but I was not available A. went B. had gone C. would go D. would have gone 20【答案】D 【解析】考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。根據(jù)句意：昨晚我本想要去參加我表親的生日聚會(huì)，但我沒(méi)空。選項(xiàng)中能表示對(duì)過(guò)去虛擬的只有D答案：用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式后加have done表示。,2010高考真題和模擬題

37、 1. Jack described his father, who _ a brave boy many years ago, as a strong-willed man.（2010安徽） A. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been 解析：選D。句意為：杰克把多年前曾是勇敢男孩的父親描述為一個(gè)意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的人。must have been表示對(duì)過(guò)去事情的肯定推測(cè)。 2. You _ buy a gift, but you can if you want to. （2010湖南） A. must B. Mustnt C.

38、 have to D. dont have to 解析：選D。dont have to 意為“沒(méi)有必要”，符合語(yǔ)境。句意為：你沒(méi)有必要買禮物，但如果你想買的話，你也可以買。 3. I have told you the truth. _ I keep repeating it? （2010江西） A. Must B. Can C. May D. Will 解析：選A。must 必須；一定；can 可以, 能夠；may 也許；will 將要。句意為：我已經(jīng)告訴你事實(shí)了,我還必須重復(fù)一遍嗎？,4. I _ have watched that movie-itll give me horrible

39、dreams. （2010山東） A. shouldnt B. neednt C. couldnt D. mustnt 解析：選A。句意為：我本來(lái)不應(yīng)該看那部電影它會(huì)使我做噩夢(mèng)的。表示“本來(lái)不應(yīng)該做而做了某事”用shouldnt have done, 所以A項(xiàng)正確。 5. Mark _ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early. （2010天津） A. neednt B. wouldnt C. mustnt D. couldnt 解析：選A。句意為：邁克本來(lái)不必要那么急的，這么高速駕駛之后，他

40、提前了半個(gè)小時(shí)到達(dá)。用neednt have done 結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“本來(lái)不必要做某事而實(shí)際上做了”。 6. _ I take the book out? Im afraid not. （2010四川） A. Will B. May C. Must D. Need 解析：選B。表示請(qǐng)求可用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, may, could, might,表示允許用can, may。句意為：我可以將這本書帶出去嗎？恐怕不行。故應(yīng)選表示請(qǐng)求的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may。,7. Just be patient. You _ expect the world to change so soon.（2010全國(guó)） A. cant

41、 B. neednt C. may not D. will not 解析：選A?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。cant不可能；neednt沒(méi)有必要；may not可能不; will not 將不會(huì)。句意為：要耐心。你不能期望世界會(huì)這么快地改變。 8. I havent got the reference book yet, but Ill have a test on the subject next month. Dont worry. You _ have it by Friday. （2010江蘇） A. could B. shall C. must D. may 解析：選B。could能夠；must

42、必須; may也許；可以。shall在第二人稱中表示允諾，還可以表示強(qiáng)制，命令，威脅，警告，符合語(yǔ)境。 9. May I take this book out of the reading room? No, you _. You read it in here.（2010陜西） A. mightnt B. wont C. neednt D. mustnt 解析：選D。考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。could，might表示詢問(wèn)或征求意見(jiàn)的問(wèn)句中，肯定回答要用can或may來(lái)代替could或might；may或might表示征求意見(jiàn)的問(wèn)句中，否定回答用mustnt，故選D。,10. Im afraid Mr.

43、 Harding _ see you now. Hes busy. （2010全國(guó)） A. cant B. mustnt C. shouldnt D. neednt 解析：選A。考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意為：恐怕Harding先生現(xiàn)在不可能見(jiàn)你，他很忙。cant用于疑問(wèn)或否定句中表推測(cè)。 11. Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _ be regular exercise. （2010遼寧） A. can B. will C. must D. may 解析：選C。考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意為：醫(yī)生說(shuō)鍛煉對(duì)身體健康重要，但是必須是

44、有規(guī)律的鍛煉。can表示“可能；能力”；will表示“愿意”；may表示“可能”；must表示“必須”。由句意可知，選C。 12. Good morning. Ive got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department. Ah, good morning. You _ be Mrs. Peters. （2010北京） A. might B. must C. would D. can 解析：選B。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，雙方應(yīng)是事先預(yù)約好的，所以雙方都明確彼此的身份，故用must表示“一定”。,13. “You _ have a wro

45、ng number,” she said. “Theres no one of that name here.”（2010浙江） need B. can C. must D. would 解析：選C。need需要；can能，可以；must一定，必須；would要，會(huì)。由語(yǔ)境可知，空格處的詞對(duì)目前的情況作出肯定判斷。 14. Sorry, Professor Smith. I didnt finish the assignment yesterday. Oh, you _ have done it as yesterday was the deadline. （2010上海） A. must B. mustnt C. should