1、Agreement,主謂一致,練習(xí),歷年高考題,例題,(4) 用 and 連接的并列主語(yǔ)被each,every或no修飾時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 用單數(shù)。,語(yǔ)法一致,No teacher and no student is in the classroom.,Every pen and every book _ ( lay ) on the desk already.,has been laid,語(yǔ)法一致,(5) each of + 復(fù)數(shù)代詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)用單數(shù)。復(fù)數(shù)代詞+each，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如,語(yǔ)法一致,語(yǔ)法一致,語(yǔ)法一致,語(yǔ)法一致,語(yǔ)法一致,內(nèi)容 一致,內(nèi)容 一致,內(nèi)容 一致,內(nèi)容 一致,內(nèi)容 一致,

2、quite a,就近一致,就近 一致,Example E-mail, as well as telephones, _ an important part in daily communication. (99 上海2) A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play,答案及分析,答案是A。當(dāng)有as well as 引導(dǎo)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)與第一個(gè)主語(yǔ)一致，既與E-mail 單數(shù)一致，故選A.,Multiple choice: 1. On the wall_ two large portraits. A. hangs B. hang C. hange

3、d D. hanging (C85) 2. “News of victories _ pouring in as our army advances,” the company commander said. A. keep B. keeps C. kept D. have kept (C85) 3. There _ a lot of milk in the bottle. A. are B. is C. were D. has (C86) 4. Zhangs family _ rather big, with twelve people in all. A. is B. are C. bei

4、ng D. was (C85) 5. Nobody but Jane and Mary _ the secret. A. know B. knows C. have known D. is known (C86 ),Multiple choice: 6. All but one _ here just now. A. is B. was C. has been D. were (C87 NO.45) 7. A library with five thousand books _ to the nation as a gift. A. is offered B. has offered C. a

5、re offered D. have offered (C90 NO.20),8. Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one exam after another. A. is B. are C. am D. be (C89 NO.27) 9. The number of people invited _ fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons. A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were

6、 (C 96 NO.14) 10. When and where to build the new factory _ yet. A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided,Have a rest,主謂一致,兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上做主語(yǔ)的單數(shù)名詞用and連接，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù) Tom and Dick _ (be) good friends. 但若表示一個(gè)集合體時(shí)則用單數(shù)。 A singer and dancer _ (be) present at the party. The worker and

7、writer _ (be) talking to the students. Bread and butter _ (taste) good. (a needle and thread,a horse and cart,a watch and chain,a coat and tie.,are,was,is,tastes,2用 and 連接的兩個(gè)名詞若被 no, each, every, many a 修飾，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 No bird and no beast _ (be) seen in the bare island. Many a boy and many a girl _ (h

8、ave) made such a funny experiment. At Christmas each boy and each girl _(be) given a present.,is,has,is,3兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)由not onlybut also, or, eitheror, neithernor等連接時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與第二個(gè)主語(yǔ)保持一致 Either he or I _ (be) to go there. _ (be) either you or he going to attend the meeting?,am,Are,4.主語(yǔ)后有as well as, like, with, tog

9、ether with, but, except, besides,等，謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)于前面主語(yǔ)保持一致 A professor, together with some students, _ (be) sent to help in the work. No one but the teachers _ (be) allowed to use the room.,was,is,5一些集合名詞做主語(yǔ)，如果看作一個(gè)整體，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；如果指其中的成員，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)如audience, committee，class(班級(jí)),crew（全體船員或機(jī)組人員), family, government, publ

10、ic(公眾)等， 但people, police, cattle等只能用復(fù)數(shù) My family _ (be) a big family. My family _ (be) listening to the radio. The police _ (be) trying to catch the thief.,is,are,are,6.通常作復(fù)數(shù)的集體名詞 有些集體名詞，如police, people, cattle, militia(民兵部隊(duì) ) , poultry(家禽)等，通常作復(fù)數(shù)，用復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞。例如： Domestic cattle _(provide) us with milk, b

11、eef and hides.,provide,7.通常作不可數(shù)名詞的集體名詞 有一些集體名詞，如machinery, equipment, furniture, merchandise (商品)，clothing 通常作不可數(shù)名詞，隨后的動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。例如： The merchandise _(have) arrived undamaged. All the machinery in the factory _ (be) made in China.,has,is,8表示時(shí)間、重量、長(zhǎng)度等名詞，盡管是復(fù)數(shù)形式，但作為一個(gè)整體看，謂語(yǔ)還是用單數(shù)。 Five minutes _ (be) enoug

12、h. One dollar and seventy eight cents _ (be) what she has.,is,is,9. all 作為主語(yǔ)，代表人物時(shí)，一般用作復(fù)數(shù)；代表整個(gè)事件或情況時(shí)，一般 看作單數(shù)。 All that I want _ (be) a good dictionary. All _ (be) out of danger.,is,were,10 形容詞加定冠詞 the 表示一類人時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 What a life the poor were living! The young are happy to give their seats to the ol

13、d.,11who, which, that 作定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)取決于先行詞。 Those who want to go should sign your names here. He is one of the students who have passed the exam. He is the only one of the students who has passed the exam.,12. 以-ics結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名稱 某些以-ics結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名稱，如physics(物理學(xué))、mathematics(數(shù)學(xué))、mechanics(機(jī)械學(xué))、politics(政治學(xué))、stat

14、istics(統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué))、economics(經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué))、linguistics(語(yǔ)言學(xué)）athlet-ics(體育學(xué))、等，通常作單數(shù)用。例如：,13.其他以-s結(jié)尾的名詞 英語(yǔ)中有一些由兩個(gè)部分組成的物體名稱通常是以-s結(jié)尾，如scissors(剪子)，pincers(鉗子)，glasses(眼鏡），shorts(短褲)，trousers(褲子)，suspenders(吊褲帶)等。這一類名詞，如果帶“一把”、“一副”、“一條”等單位詞而單獨(dú)使用，通常作單數(shù)。例如： 如果帶有單位詞，則由單位詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式?jīng)Q定動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式。 例如：One pair of scissors isnt eno

15、ugh.,14.以-s結(jié)尾的地理名稱 某些以-s結(jié)尾的地理名稱，如果是國(guó)名，如the United States,the United Nations,the Netherlands等，盡管帶有復(fù)數(shù)詞尾，但系單一政治實(shí)體，故作單數(shù)用。但若不是國(guó)名，而是群島、山脈、海峽、瀑布等地理名稱、通常作復(fù)數(shù)用。例如： The West Indies,apart from the Bahamas,are commonly divided into two parts.The Himalayas（喜馬拉雅山脈) have a magnificent variety of plant and animal li

16、fe. The Straits of Gibraltar have not lost their strategic importance.,15.英語(yǔ)中還有一些以-s結(jié)尾的名詞，如: arms(武器), clothes(衣服), fireworks(煙火), goods(貨物), remains(遺體), stairs(樓梯), thanks(謝意)，通常作復(fù)數(shù)。,16.凡是由-ings結(jié)尾的名詞，如: clippings (剪下來(lái)的東西), diggings (掘出的東西), earnings (收入), filings (銼屑), lodgings (租住的房屋), surroundin

17、gs (環(huán)境), sweepings (掃攏的垃圾) 等, 通常作復(fù)數(shù)用。例如： The clippings of the hedges（樹(shù)籬）are usually burnt. The sweepings of the godown(倉(cāng)庫(kù)) have been disposed of.,17. 還有一些以-s接的單、復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞，如: means(方法、手段), series(系列), species(種類), works(工廠)等，隨后動(dòng)詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于這些名稱是作單數(shù)，還是用作復(fù)數(shù)。例如： The only means to achieve success is to appe

18、al to arms (訴諸武力).,18. remains用于遺體意義時(shí)，隨后的動(dòng)詞通常作復(fù)數(shù)： His remains lie in the churchyard. The martyrs remains were buried at the foot of the hill. 但作遺跡或剩余物解釋時(shí)，可作復(fù)數(shù)或單數(shù)用： Here is the remains of a temple. The remains of the meal were/was fed to the dog.,19.如果作主語(yǔ)的名詞詞組由“分?jǐn)?shù)(或百分?jǐn)?shù))+of-詞組”構(gòu)成，其動(dòng)詞形式依of-詞組中名詞類別而定。例如

19、： Two thirds of the swampland(沼澤地) _ (have) been reclaimed(開(kāi)墾). Over sixty per cent of the city _ (be) destroyed in the war. Thirty-five per cent of the doctors _ (be) women.,has,was,were,20.如果主語(yǔ)是all of .,some of .,none of .,half of .,most of .等表示非確定數(shù)量的名詞詞組，其后的動(dòng)詞形式依of-詞組中的名詞類別而定。例如： Most of the mone

20、y _ recovered by Deputy Player. Most of the members _ there. All of the cargo _ lost. All of the crew _ saved.,was,were,was,were,21.兩數(shù)相減或相除，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；兩數(shù)相加或相乘，動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)，也可用復(fù)數(shù)。例如： Forty minus fifteen (40-15) leaves twenty-five. Forty divided by eight (40/8) is five. Seven and five (7+5) makes/make twelve. Five times eight (5+8) is /are forty.,22.如果主語(yǔ)是由“a kind/sort/type of ,this kind/sort/type of +名詞”構(gòu)成，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。例如： This kind of man annoys me.,但若在kind/sort/type之前的