1、華僑大學(xué)附中高級教師 主講人： 鐘年豐 福建省特級教師 省英語學(xué)科教學(xué)帶頭人 2018.10.13,應(yīng)試背景下的英語寫作課教學(xué)- 中考題型“書面表達(dá)”復(fù)習(xí)策略,英 語,1、能根據(jù)寫作要求，收集、準(zhǔn)備素材。 2、能獨(dú)立起草短文、短信等，并在教師的指導(dǎo)下進(jìn)行修改。 3、能使用常見的連接詞表示順序和邏輯關(guān)系。 4、能簡單描述人物和事件。 5、能根據(jù)圖示和表格寫出簡單的段落和說明。,義務(wù)教育英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對寫作的要求,中考“書面表達(dá)”解析,2018年A卷,91. 參考范文 Dear Henry, Im glad that you are interested in Wushu. Here Ive got

2、 news for you. The first Wushu festival of our school is going to be held from July 7 to 9, 2018. Id like to invite you to the festival. You can watch many Wushu competitions and enjoy wonderful shows. Chinese Wushu has a history of thousands of years. Practicing Wushu is a good way to improve our h

3、ealth. Besides, it helps us to develop strong wills. Most of us like it very much. I hope you will come and experience Chinese culture. Looking forward to seeing you soon. Yours, Li Hua,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,2018年B卷,91. 假如你是李華，現(xiàn)就讀于一所國際學(xué)校。你校正在舉行“我與傳統(tǒng)文化有個(gè)約會”的主題活動(dòng)，請選擇你喜歡的一個(gè)傳說故事或一種傳統(tǒng)工藝品，用英語寫一篇短文，分享中國傳

4、統(tǒng)文化。詞數(shù)80左右。 內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)： 1. 你的選擇及喜歡的原因； 2. 相關(guān)的傳說或歷史； 3. 感想或啟示。 注意事項(xiàng)： 1. 必須包含所有內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)； 2. 意思清楚，表達(dá)通順，行文連貫，書寫規(guī)范； 3. 請勿在文中使用真實(shí)的姓名、校名及地名。,91.參考范文 Fancy lantern is my favorite form of Chinese traditional art, for its colorful and beautiful. Fancy lantern is made of bamboo or metal covered by cloth or paper with pi

5、ctures of different characters from Chinese fairy tales. At the Lantern Festival, by tradition, lanterns of different shapes hang from the gates as symbols of good luck. Also, riddles are often written on them at lantern fairs for people to guess. Those who get the answers to the riddles are suppose

6、d to have good fortune. Fancy lantern has been around for about 3,000 years and its still popular among people, which reminds us that with the development of society, culture keeps changing, but something will remain unchanged.,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,2018年中考“書面表達(dá)”題折射出的幾點(diǎn)信息,1、傳播中華傳統(tǒng)文化； 2、書面表達(dá)的形式之一，書信或

7、說明文； 3、校園文化和地方文化的展示和影響； 4、講述中國故事，傳遞正能量； 5、基礎(chǔ)語法（包括基本時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、并列句和復(fù) 合句）； 6、常用動(dòng)詞和短語在表達(dá)上的應(yīng)用。,Dear Henry, I am glad that you are interested in Wushu. As we know, Wushu is one of the Chinese national culture. And Wushu is a symbol of China. So, could I invite you to our Wushu Festival-The First Wushu Festiva

8、l of Guangming High School? Our Wushu Festival will start on July 7, 2018, and end on July 9,2018. In our Wushu Festival, we will do many activities, such as Wushu competitions, Wushu shows, Wushu class and so on. We will have an interesting and wonderful Wushu Festival. Now, I will tell you some in

9、formation about Wushu. Wushu is an exciting activity. Wushu has thousands of years history. In Chinas history, many people were famous for Wushu, such as Li Xiaolong, Ye Wen, Zhang Sanfeng. They all did well in Wushu, and they affected a lot of Chinese. Now, many people practice Wushu. Because Wushu

10、 not only can build people up but also can protect people. If some people dont walk or go to school, they will practice Wushu to relax and enjoy themselves. In short, Wushu is an excellent activity. Wait to meet you in our Wushu Festival. Yours, Li Hua,學(xué)生習(xí)作分析 (1),_,分析： 1、詞數(shù)過多，達(dá)170多詞，遠(yuǎn)超題目規(guī)定的要求； 2、行文不

11、夠簡約、流暢，過于啰嗦且字跡密度較大； 3、句型過于簡單，以簡單句為主，缺乏被動(dòng)句和復(fù)合句等 較為復(fù)雜的句式； 4、一些常用句式錯(cuò)誤明顯，如：one of +名詞復(fù)數(shù)，not onlybut also在句中的使用等； 5、受中文思維及表達(dá)手法影響明顯； 6、本題得分12.5。,學(xué)生習(xí)作分析 (1),Dear Henry, I am glad that you are interested in Wushu. There is going to be a Wushu Festival of Guangming High School. You can come and have a visit.

12、 It will be held during July 7 to 9, 2018. There will be many Wushu competitions and Wushu shows. I think these shows will be wonderful. Wushu has a history of thousands of years. It plays an important part of Chinese culture. You can study Wushu, such as Taijiquan and Yongchunquan. Its good for us

13、to practice Wushu. It can not noly make your body strong but also protect you from bad men. Im looking forward to meeting you in the Wushu Festival. Yours, Li Hua,_,學(xué)生習(xí)作分析 (2),分析： 1、本文詞數(shù)近100，基本符合題目規(guī)定的詞數(shù)要求； 2、行文簡約、流暢、明了，符合書信往來的內(nèi)容要求； 3、句型和時(shí)態(tài)運(yùn)用合理（包括一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和將來時(shí)的交叉 使用，簡單句和被動(dòng)句等），但缺乏復(fù)合句等復(fù)雜句型； 4、符合簡單描述人物和事件的基

14、本要求； 5、該學(xué)生的字跡清楚、工整、規(guī)范； 5、本題得分14.5。,學(xué)生習(xí)作分析 (2),1、學(xué)生英語詞句和語法的熟練程度； 2、課堂訓(xùn)練與課后復(fù)習(xí)的有效結(jié)合； 3、書面表達(dá)素材的收集和整理； 4、能夠提供給學(xué)生的閱讀范文； 5、提升學(xué)生思維能力的有效訓(xùn)練。,書面表達(dá)訓(xùn)練的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn),Reading good books by Henry Addington Bruce Devote some of your leisure, I repeat, to cultivating a love of reading good books. Fortunate indeed are those w

15、ho contrive kntraiv to make themselves genuine denjuin book-lovers. For book-lovers have some noteworthy advantages over other people. They need never know lonely hours so long as they have books around them and the better the books the more delightful the company. From good books, moreover, they dr

16、aw much besides entertainment. They gain mental food such as few companions can supply. Even while resting from their labors they are, through the books they read, equipping themselves to perform those labors more efficiently. This albeit :lbi:it they may not be deliberately dilibreitli reading to i

17、mprove their mind. All unconsciously the ideas they derive from the printed pages are stored up, to be worked over by the imagination for their future profit.,名篇欣賞-1,It was the thread in the fond mothers hand, That fashioned the clothes of the traveling lad. At the time of parting, the clothes were

18、securely sewn, For he might not soon return home. Who says that a blade of grass one inch tall, Can repay the kindness of the spring sun? 1. fond (溫柔的) 2.lad (小伙子) 3.securely(平安的) 4. a blade of (一槳葉片),游子吟 唐孟郊： 慈母手中線，游子身上衣， 臨行密密縫，意恐遲遲歸， 誰言寸草心，報(bào)得三春暉！,名篇欣賞-2,It was on the afternoon of April 19. The wea

19、ther was a little bit hot. As soon as the class was over, everyone rushed to the door and hurried outside without delay. Carter was the last one leaving the classroom. He closed the last window which was still open. After that he made sure that all the windows were closed. What he did seems a little

20、 simple and easy. But the action remains something that can not be forgotten. Thats someones comprehensive quality which we need to store up.,學(xué)生習(xí)作1,Everyone is different, so we should know ourselves well. I think I know myself. I usually have an apple after lunch because I believe that an apple a da

21、y keeps the doctor away. The clothes I wear should be comfortable. So I prefer T-shirts and shorts. I dont need to be very trendy. Black and yellow are my favorite colors. Sleeping is the thing that I like to do best. I really need sleep. Thats all about me and obviously I know myself. (83 words),學(xué)生

22、習(xí)作2,寫作課的有效訓(xùn)練模式,1. 受控寫作(controlled writing) 受控寫作是在受到一定限制的情況下，學(xué)生在教師的要求和提示下，使用所學(xué)的語言知識來表達(dá)思想和情感。,一、受控寫作和自由寫作,1.1 就某個(gè)具體話題寫出一到二句話 如：Sports: I love playing soccer and I play soccer every day. Music: She prefers listening to pop music. Food: He is fond of eating hamburgers very much. The Spring Festival: It

23、is on the Lunar January 1.,1.2 完成句子 根據(jù)所給提示完成句子，例如： The best place Ive ever The best place Ive ever been to is Beijing. My favorite dish is My favorite dish is potato with beef. I really dislike I really dislike the way you are talking.,1.3 重組句子來描述實(shí)際情況 例如： A：Boys in our class like basketball. B：Most

24、boys like basketball as well as a lot of girls. A：Playing too much computer games is bad for us. B：Playing too much computer games is bad, but some games are quite helpful for our thinking creativity.,2.自由寫作(freer writing) 自由寫作是讓學(xué)生語言練習(xí)中有更多的空間，使他們有更多的選擇余地，以便充分表達(dá)自己的思想。,2.1 Write your thoughts in a dai

25、ly journal (diary) 教師給出相關(guān)的話題，比如： Traveling, Sports meet, On my way home 讓學(xué)生根據(jù)話題寫日記。學(xué)生通過日記，紀(jì)實(shí) 觀感等來反映他們的所思所想。,2.2 Expand sentences by adding more details, adjectives and adverbs 通過句子的延伸，讓簡單句更富有感情色彩。 如：The man followed the woman. The man in a black jacket followed the woman Ive seen earlier. The buildi

26、ng looks like a ball. The building with black and white frames looks like a ball Ive seen in Australia.,2.3 Write instructions 寫指令是教師提出寫作要求，通過學(xué)生之間相互交流后，草擬出表達(dá)提綱并組織書寫。要求包括：怎樣發(fā)送電子郵件，如何寫一則小廣告，泡一杯好茶的過程等等。完成寫作后彼此交流，糾正錯(cuò)誤，達(dá)到相互提高的效果。,二、寫作范例和寫作框架 1. 寫作范例(writing models) 寫作范例是給學(xué)生提供參考的具體書面文本，他們可以以此作為樣本，幫助他們完成既定

27、的寫作任務(wù)。此類練習(xí)可以通過現(xiàn)行課本所設(shè)任務(wù)來完成，例如北京仁愛教材八年級（上）第2單元，話題3，片段3-3，閱讀課文后用所給的短語完成書面表達(dá)。,healthy food eating habits be good for do exercise keep fit,Keeping healthy is important to everyone.,We should have good eating habits. Three meals a day are necessary and we should eat healthy food. Besides eating, we should

28、 do exercise every day so that we can keep fit. These are good for us , so we must keep doing and never stop.,2.寫作框架是引導(dǎo)學(xué)生完成書面表達(dá)的過程 所謂框架可以具有多樣性，例如通過一張明信片、一份圖表或是提出各種問題來引導(dǎo)學(xué)生寫作。學(xué)生通過各種提示或回答相關(guān)問題，經(jīng)過思維和討論，從而形成自己的書面表達(dá)文本。,寫作框架可以包括：a. Pre-writing(準(zhǔn)備寫作) 厘清思路，想想寫作的具體內(nèi)容。b. Drafting (書寫草稿) 根據(jù)要寫目標(biāo)打好初稿。c. Editing(編輯

29、內(nèi)容) 檢查所寫內(nèi)容，調(diào)整并重組句子和段落。d. Publishing(完成寫作) 展示所完成的寫作片段，同時(shí)進(jìn)行評價(jià)。教師在本環(huán)節(jié)上聚焦的重點(diǎn)是：關(guān)注學(xué)生任務(wù)完成情況；總結(jié)本次寫作練習(xí)的特點(diǎn)；檢查學(xué)生練習(xí)中出現(xiàn)的相關(guān)錯(cuò)誤；鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生相互評價(jià)，肯定成績。,寫作范例和框架可以幫助學(xué)生了解要寫的內(nèi)容和使用的語言，幫助他們建立自信，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生通過一系列問題的討論形成共識。首先，通過分析文本范例，讓學(xué)生知道該如何去寫。其次，收集學(xué)生對文本范例的想法，并在此基礎(chǔ)上對原有文本進(jìn)行加工處理，如：添加兩三個(gè)或更多的句子，增加若干形容詞或副詞，考慮詞匯、語句和語法結(jié)構(gòu)等。再次，學(xué)生可以在模仿的基礎(chǔ)上寫自己的短文，通

30、過模仿或更換類似句型，表述相似故事，提出自己的觀點(diǎn)和表達(dá)對事物的認(rèn)知等等，逐步形成具有本人個(gè)性風(fēng)格的書面表達(dá)。,三、小組合作與評價(jià) 1. 寫作練習(xí)前的討論 1.1Role play 確定寫作目標(biāo)后，學(xué)生可以用“角色扮演”方式進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)備，共同討論如何描述所寫內(nèi)容。如：在寫“Our picnic”時(shí)，就who、when、where、why、how進(jìn)行對話練習(xí)，從扮演的不同角色中找到合適的單詞和句子，學(xué)生在爭論中找到寫作的靈感和思路，從而產(chǎn)生短文的具體細(xì)節(jié)以及文章的框架與內(nèi)容。,1.2 Speed writing 學(xué)生利用幾分鐘的時(shí)間快速地記錄下所討論的內(nèi)容，包括短文的分段、主題句、時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)以及具體描

31、述的句型等等。,1.3 Chat room 初步完成草稿后，學(xué)生們開始就所寫內(nèi)容進(jìn)行審查和評價(jià)，對存在的問題如詞匯、語法等進(jìn)行評判和修正，并提出改進(jìn)意見。,2. 寫作練習(xí)后的評價(jià) 2.1 Reader response 學(xué)生可以通過組對組交換方式閱讀對方的作品，彼此提出改進(jìn)意見。這種互評模式能夠讓學(xué)生們知己知彼，欣賞別人的同時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的不足，以達(dá)到相互提高之作用。,2.2 Correction codes 經(jīng)過以上活動(dòng)，學(xué)生對自己的問題做好記錄，并在老師的幫助下糾正錯(cuò)誤，實(shí)現(xiàn)寫作能力的不斷提高。,寫作練習(xí)的關(guān)鍵在于真實(shí)。訓(xùn)練方法得體，便于操作，就能夠大大提高訓(xùn)練效果，使學(xué)生在有限的時(shí)間里得到有

32、效的提高，從而提高學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)效率。,小 結(jié),除了上面介紹的訓(xùn)練方法外，不妨再嘗試以下幾種課堂訓(xùn)練模式。,Statement chains,This activity can also be adapted to present two kinds of sentences which have the same meaning.,A: Walking is good exercise. B: Its good exercise to walk. Reading newspapers is a good habit. A: Its a good habit to read newspapers.

33、,What are they doing?,This activity can also be adapted to present real pictures of theirs and talk.,Based on Grade 7, T5, T2,Write the dialogue,A: Ouch! B: Whats the matter? A: _ and fell down. B: Poor boy! _? A: No, I didnt hurt myself. Im OK. B: Oh, look at your hands! _. A: OK. Wheres the washro

34、om? B: _.,Based on Grade 7 Unit 7 Topic 3,I missed the chair,Did you hurt yourself,Go and wash them at once,This way, please,Scaffolding, Memorise language chunks through repetition. It is a co-creative experience connecting teller and listeners. It is an effective way of scaffolding learners langua

35、ge use.,Based on Grade 7 Unit 8 Lets celebrate Topic 3 A: The Spring Festival is a big event . B: (Repeat A) People usually start preparing for the festival one month before it comes. C: (Repeat B) They prepare delicious food, and clean and decorate their homes. D:(Repeat C) They also buy some new c

36、lothes. E: F:,It is a good way to repeat the message from the text.,Branch out,healthy drinking,local culture,make friends,many kinds,hill planting,leaves picking,songs,poems,Writing sequel,After days hard work, I drove home. It was a wet day, so I drove not only very slowly but also carefully. When

37、 I came to a down road, I heard a loud noise in front of me. A young man fell off his motorbike all of a sudden. Luckily, he was unhurt. He stood up quickly and tried to straighten his motorbike, but failed. What happened on him?,The man was using his mobile while riding the motorbike.,Visual Litera

38、cy,Basics Questions 1. What am I looking at? 2. What does this image mean to me? 3. Whats the relationship between the image and the displayed text message? 4. How is the message effective?,Visual Literacy,China celebrates first national festival for farmers on September 23 this year. It is a harvest