1、English Basic Tenses (時態(tài)),他每天都來。 他昨天來了. 他已經(jīng)來了. 他明天來. 漢語借助詞匯手段而非詞的形態(tài)變化來表示動作的發(fā)生,而英語主要通過謂語動詞時態(tài)變化來表現(xiàn).任何句子都要先注意時態(tài).,He came yesterday.,He has come.,He will come tomorrow.,He comes every day.,v. / v-s/es,V-ed,will + v,would + v.,had + done,have / has + done,have/has been+ V-ing,am /is / are + V-ing,was / w

2、ere + V-ing,導入之一：How is your daily life as a high school student?,( using 3 sentences or more,使用實意動詞 和系動詞, 注意動詞形式變化),2. 用法: 1) 經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作，常與表示頻率的時間狀語連用，如often, usually, always, every day/year, sometimes, on Sunday等。,2)表示不受時間限制的科學事實或客觀真理。 The earth moves around the sun.,I study hard every day and I g

3、et along well with my classmates, but sometimes I miss my families.,一、 一般現(xiàn)在時 (The Simple Present tense ) 1. 結構: do/does,3）汽車、飛機、會議等按時刻表將要發(fā)生的事。 The train leaves at three this afternoon. The meeting starts at 2:00 p.m. 4）在時間、條件、方式、讓步狀語從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時,即主將從現(xiàn)。 If it _ (be) fine tomorrow ,we _ (go) to t

4、he countryside. If he _ (come) this afternoon，we_ (have) a meeting.,is,will go,comes,will have,Example: I _ (spend) my childhood happily with my old friends. We always _(play) football and basketball together and we _ (not) have so much homework to do as now. We _ (be) happy at that time.,spent,play

5、ed,didnt,were,導入之二：How did you spend your childhood?,二、一般過去時 ( The Simple Past Tense ) 1. 結構: 謂動用動詞過去式 (V-ed) 2. 用法: 在過去時間里所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。常與表示過去時間的時間狀語連用。如 yesterday, last week, an hour ago, in 1982等。,examples:,He was in Beijing some years ago. She traveled in Europe last year. When I was at collage,

6、I wrote home once a week. He wet to town ,bought some books and visited his daughter last Sunday. He said he would go for a holiday when hefinished his work.,猶如,picture,導入之三：How will you spend your winter holiday? I will Im going to,三. 一般將來時,.表示將來時的四種形式 will / shall + 動詞原形 be going to do be about to

7、 do be to do,be going to 有很強的計劃性，打算干什么，而will表示談話時臨時決定的意圖，具有臨時性和偶然性。 -The telephone is ringing. -I _ answer it. will B. am going to C. am to D. am about to -Alice, why didnt you come yesterday? -I _, but I had an unexpected visitor. A. had B. would C. was going to D. did be going to 可用來表達某種跡象要發(fā)生的事。 而

8、will 不能表示 Look at the clouds! It _ rain.,is going to,3. be to 表示因約定、計劃，職責、義務要求即將發(fā)生的動作, 或客觀安排或受人指示而做某事。 be going to 表示主觀的打算或計劃。 I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. Im going to play football tomorrow afternoon.,4be about to do 表示“正要干什么”， 1)表示即將發(fā)生的動作，不與表示將來的時間狀語連用。 2)常與when 連用，when 此時意思： 就在這時，是并列

9、連詞. 構成句型： be about to do when. Eg: I was about to leave when it rained.,四.過去將來時(The past future simple Tense),1. 用法: 過去將來時表示立足于過去某一時間看將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài), 常用于賓語從句中.,2. 結構: should / would + 動詞原形 The boy promised he would work hard. I told my parents I should return early.,導入之五：What are they doing now? They

10、 are playing basketball.,五. 現(xiàn)在進行時,1表示說話時正在進行而尚未完成的動作或狀態(tài) I dont really work here. Im helping until the new secretary comes. Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology_ so rapidly. A. will have changed B. has changed C. is changing D. will change,be (am, are, is)+ doi

11、ng,2.與always，constantly(不斷地；時常地)等連用，表示贊成或厭惡的感情色彩。如： 他總是幫助別人。,He is always helping others.,六. 過去進行時(The Past Continuous Tense),1. 結構：was/ were + doing 2. 用法:表示過去某時或某段時間正在進行的動作或狀態(tài)。常用的時間狀語at ten yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while, at that time,I first met Lisa three years ago . She _

12、 at a radio shop at the time. has worked B. was working C. had been working D. had worked,3. 與always，forever，constantly連用，表示贊成或厭惡的感情色彩。如： 他總是考慮別人，從未考慮自己。,He was always thinking of others，never thinking of himself.,My brother was always losing his key.,七. 現(xiàn)在完成時(The present Perfect Tense),1. 結構: have

13、(has) + done 2.用法: 1). 現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去某一時間開始，一直延 續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài), 通常用于延續(xù)性動詞. 常與表示延續(xù)性的時間狀語連用, 如: so far, up to now, recently, since, for , over time等,I have lived in Zhuhai for 3 years.,He has lived here since last summer.,時間線,現(xiàn)在,過去,lived,延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在:has lived,last summer,since,1.-When did he go to America? -Oh, he _

14、 there since half a year ago. A. went B. has been C. has gone D. was 2.Shelly _ California for Texas and _ there ever since. You can go and pay her a visit on your way to Mexico. A. left, worked B. has left, had worked C. left, has worked D. has left , worked,比較一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時,1). 一般過去時只表示發(fā)生在過去的動作或存在的狀態(tài)

15、, 不涉及對現(xiàn)在的影響；現(xiàn)在完成時表示發(fā)生在過去的動作或狀態(tài)一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在, 或強調(diào)過去的事情對現(xiàn)在的造成的影響。 My family lived in Zhuhai 10 years ago. （現(xiàn)在不在珠海了) My family have lived in Zhuhai for 10 years. (目前還在珠海),2). 過去時常與具體的表示過去的時間狀語連用，而現(xiàn)在完成時通常與不確定的或包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時間狀語連用，或無時間狀語. I _ (study) in Zhongshan university in 2000. I _ (study) in Zhongshan universi

16、ty since 2000. I _ just _ (buy) an apartment. (just表示不確定的時間狀語）,studied,have studied,have,bought,八.過去完成時(The past perfect Tense),結構: had + done 概念：表示過去的過去-|-|-|- 過去的過去 過去現(xiàn)在將來,導入之八： You graduated (畢業(yè)) from Junior Middle School in July 2013. You had stayed there for 3 years when you graduated.,By the e

17、nd of last term we had learnt 20 units.,現(xiàn)在,過去,過去的過去,the end of last term,had learnt,時間線,用法 (1) 表示過去某一時刻或某一動作之前完成的動作或狀態(tài)。句中常用by，before，until，when等詞引導的時間狀語。如：,2.表示過去未曾實現(xiàn)的愿望或打算(“本想”; “本來打算”)。 I had hoped to see more of ShangHai. I had meant to help you, but I was too busy at the moment. I had thought yo

18、u would come tomorrow.,1).When the police arrived, the thieves _(run away). 2).When I came into the classroom, my dear students _ (begin) reading. He walked in as if he _ (buy) the school .,had run away,had run away,had run away,had begun,had bought,3. I _ to take a good holiday this year, but I was

19、nt able to get away. A. hope B. have hoped C. had hoped D. hoped 4. Helen _ her key in the office so she had to wait until her husband _ home. A. has left; comes B. left; had come C. had left; came D. had left; would come,c,c,導入之九：-How long have you been studying in this school?,-Almost three months

20、.,九、現(xiàn)在完成進行時,主語 + has / have + been +doing. 表示過去某一時間發(fā)生一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在還會繼續(xù)下去的動作（動作未完成），動詞必須用延續(xù)性動詞。 He has been working here for three years. The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities has been rising steadily since 1990.,- Isnt it hard to drive downtown to work? - Yes, that why I _to work b

21、y train. A. have been going B. have gone C. was going D. will have gone,現(xiàn)在完成時與現(xiàn)在完成進行時的區(qū)別 現(xiàn)在完成時:表到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成，或過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響或產(chǎn)生的結果，也可表示延續(xù)性； 現(xiàn)在完成進行時: 往往強調(diào)仍將繼續(xù)下去的動作。 I have written a letter. （已完成） I have been writing a letter.（未完成）,過去,現(xiàn)在,時間線,have written,have been writing,10 將來進行時（will be doing） 表將來某一時刻，某

22、一段時間正在進行的動作。 I will be sleeping at this time tomorrow.,11將來完成時（will have done） 表將來某一時間已經(jīng)做完某事 We will have learnt 1000 words by the end of this term.,最常用的幾種時態(tài)與時間狀語的搭配,often, always, usually, sometimes, on Sunday, every , at weekends, once in a while, three times a day,(right) now, at this moment, at

23、present, for the time being, this year, always, ,for, since, so far, in/over/during the past/ last few years, lately, recently, just, up to now, up till now, already, yet, ever, never, twice, three times, before, ,all the time, all this morning, for, since, in the past few years, ,最常用的幾種時態(tài)與時間狀語的搭配,y

24、esterday, last, the day before yesterday, ago, in 2000, in the past, the other day, just now, once upon a time,at 10 last night, then, this morning, at that time/ moment, this time yesterday, last year, always, ,by+過去時間，by then, by the end of + 過去時間，by the time you did sth,.,最常用的幾種時態(tài)與時間狀語的搭配,tomorro

25、w, the day after tomorrow, in 2020, in a few years, in future, in the future, soon, next, another day, ,at 10 tomorrow, then, this time tomorrow, next year, ,by +將來時間, by then, by the end of + 將來時間, by the time you do sth, ,Exercises I usually _ up at 6:00, but yesterday I _ up at 7:00 and tomorrow

26、I _ up at 6:30. (get) Listen! Someone _ (knock) at the door. I _ (be) in Beijing for two years. How often _ Andy _ (surf) the internet? He fell asleep while he _ (read) a book.,group competition,get,will get,got,is knocking,have been,does,surf,was reading,6. I _ never _ (hear) of that man before. 7.

27、 My brother often _ (go) for walks last summer. 8. Lily said she _ (put) on the new dress the next day. 9. _ the story _ (happen) in London in 1949? 10. What _ his mother _ (do) when he opened the door?,have,heard,went,would put,Did,happen,was,doing,11. If it _ (not rain) tomorrow, they _ (go) fishi

28、ng. 12. _ your mother _ the piano every Sunday? 13. They _ (not) call you the day after tomorrow. 14. Tom _ (work) there since two years ago. 15. By the time I _ (walk) into the classroom, the teacher _ (start) teaching.,doesnt rain,will go,Does,has worked,wont,walked,had started,play,Jenny Jenny _

29、(be) a foreign girl. She _ (come) from the United States. Look, she _ (draw) pictures in the living room. Two years ago, her parents _ (move) to China. Jenny _ (not have) any friends, so she _ (feel) lonely. But now, she _ (have) many Chinese friends and _ (study) with them everyday. Jenny _ (visit)

30、 her grandparents in the United States next month.,is,comes,is drawing,moved,didnt have,felt,has,studies,will visit,One good turn deserves another I _ (have) dinner at a restaurant when Tony Steele came in. Tony _ (work) in a lawyers office years ago, but he _ (work) at a bank now. He _ (get) a good

31、 salary, but he always _ (borrow) money from his friends and never _ (pay) it back. Tony _ (see) me and _ (come) and _ (sit) at the same table. He _ never _ (borrow) money from me. While he _ (eat), I _ (ask) him to lend me twenty pounds. To my surprise, he _ (give) me the money immediately. I have

32、never borrowed any money from you, Tony said, so now you can pay for my dinner!,was having,worked,is working,asked,saw,came,has,sat,gave,was eating,borrows,gets,pays,borrowed,動詞的語態(tài) (voices),動詞語態(tài)有兩種：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主語是動作的發(fā)出者為主動語態(tài)； 主語是動作的接受者為被動語態(tài)。 動詞謂語部分結構：be + v.pp,動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)一覽表(以do為例）,am/is/are done,am/is/are

33、 being done,have/has been done,was/were done,was/were being done,had been done,will be done,will have been done,主動形式表被動意義 The steel feels cold. His plan proved (to be) practical. The yogurt in the fridge _ (已經(jīng)變質）.,has gone bad,1. 連系動詞look, sound, feel, smell, taste, appear, seem, go, prove, turn, st

34、ay, become, fall, get, grow, keep + adj. 構成系表結構,主動表被動。,2. 表示開始、結束、運動的動詞。如:begin, finish, start, open, close, stop, end, shut, run, move 等主動表被動。 Work began at 7 oclock this morning. The shop closes at 6 p.m. every day. 3. need / want / require doing, be worth doing, be to blame主動表被動。 The equipment in the corner _ (需要修理).,requires repairing,A,I feel it is your husband who _ for the spoiled child. A. is to blame B. is going to blame C. is to be blamedD. should blame,Who do you think _ for the failure of their marriage? A. to blame B. to be blame C. is to blame D. is to