1、1,Lets warm up!,GOOD MORNING!,2,Conversation is the most sociable of all human activities. And it is an activity only of humans. However intricate the ways in which animals communicate with each other, they do not indulge in anything that deserves the name of conversation. The charm of conversation

2、is that it does not really start from anywhere, and no one has any idea where it will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows. The enemy of good conversation is the person who has something to say. Conversation is not for making a point. Argument may often be a part of it, but the purp

3、ose of the argument is not to convince.,3,Conversation is the most sociable of all human activities. And it is an activity only of humans. However intricate the ways in which animals communicate with each other, they do not indulge in anything that deserves the name of conversation. 人類的一切活動(dòng)中，只有閑談最宜于

4、增進(jìn)友誼，而且是人類特有的一種活動(dòng)。動(dòng)物之間的信息交流，不論其方式何等復(fù)雜，也是稱不上交談的。,4,The charm of conversation is that it does not really start from anywhere, and no one has any idea where it will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows. The enemy of good conversation is the person who has something to say. Conversation

5、 is not for making a point. Argument may often be a part of it, but the purpose of the argument is not to convince. 閑談的引人人勝之處就在于它沒(méi)有一個(gè)事先定好的話題。它時(shí)而迂回流淌，時(shí)而奔騰起伏，時(shí)而火花四射，時(shí)而熱情洋溢，話題最終會(huì)扯到什么地方去誰(shuí)也說(shuō)不準(zhǔn)。要是有人覺(jué)得“有些話要說(shuō)”，那定會(huì)大煞風(fēng)景，使閑聊無(wú)趣。閑聊不是為了進(jìn)行爭(zhēng)論。閑聊中常常會(huì)有爭(zhēng)論，不過(guò)其目的并不是為了說(shuō)服對(duì)方。,5,Conversation is _ most sociable of _ human ac

6、tivities. And it is _ activity only of _ humans. However intricate _ ways in which _ animals communicate with each other, they do not indulge in anything that deserves _ name of _ conversation. _ charm of _ conversation is that it does not really start from anywhere, and no one has _ idea where it w

7、ill go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows. _ enemy of good conversation is _ person who has something to say. Conversation is not for making _ point. Argument may often be a part of it, but the purpose of _ argument is not to convince.,the,all,an,the,the,The,any,The,the,a,the,6,限定詞,D

8、eterminers,7,Introduction:,Words that precede any premodifying adjectives in a noun phrase and denote such referential meanings as specific reference, generic reference, definite quantity or indefinite quantity are referred as determiners. 限定詞是指在名詞詞組中對(duì)名詞中心詞起特指、泛指、定量或不定量等限定作用的一類詞。,8,Determiners inclu

9、de: definite articlethe articles （冠詞） indefinite articlea/an zero article possessive pronouns（形容詞性物主代詞） my, your, his genitive nouns（名詞屬格）Johns, my friends demonstrative pronouns（指示代詞） this, that, these, those,9,indefinite determiners（不定代詞） every, enough, no, some, any, each cardinal numerals（基數(shù)詞） o

10、ne, two ordinal numerals（序數(shù)詞） first, second fractional & multiplicative numerals（分?jǐn)?shù)和倍數(shù)） one-third, twice other quantifiers what, which, whose,10,Collocations between determiners and nouns,限定詞與單、復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞的搭配,11,1. Do you have enough air-conditioner for cooling the rooms in summer? 2. The model wor

11、ker has the least thoughts of his own interests. 3. There must be fewer empty talk but more hard work. 4. Dont worry. Theres a great number of time left. 5. A little care would have prevented the accident. 6. The students spent half their time working in the fields. 7. There are warehouses on either

12、 sides of the river. 8. You have done a bit of good job.,12,Collocation between determiners,限定詞與限定詞之間的搭配,13,1. four/the/all teachers all the four teachers 2. those/few/last months those last few months 3. these/all/last/few days all these last few days 4. first/his/two books his first two books 5. h

13、er/half lecture half her lecture,14,根據(jù)在名詞前不同的搭配位置，限定詞可分為： 1. 前位限定詞(pre-determiners) 2. 中位限定詞(central determiners) 3. 后位限定詞(post-determiners),15,16,如果一個(gè)名詞詞組帶有上述三類或兩類限定詞，其搭配關(guān)系總是按照“前中后”的順序排列。但不能同時(shí)用兩個(gè)前位詞或中位詞，而兩個(gè)后位詞可同時(shí)連用。如： * his that book * all half the workers two more copies three other girls next few

14、 weeks,17,個(gè)別限定詞可跨類，如such即可用作前位詞，又可歸入后位詞。在such a/an 的搭配中它屬于前位詞，而在與some, any, no, all, few, another, other, many, one, two等限定詞搭配時(shí)，則是后位詞，如: some such kind no such person one such book,18,1. His both brothers are in Beijing. 2. My that dictionary was bought last year. 3. That one-third meat is tainted.

15、4. Such few cases have been reported. 5. Many his friends often speak highly of him. 6. I wish I had his twice strength. 7. He was on leave the few last days. 8. There are more several books on that desk. 9. The people will fight the enemy to every last drop of their blood. 10. His that third brothe

16、r is such a spitfire.,19,Ex. 6E,1. How much work have you done this morning? 2. To dig a tunnel will need a great amount of labor. 3. Hes done the least work. 4. There are several methods of approaching this problem. 5. I know little French. 6. There must be less empty talk but more practical work.

17、7. Were there many people at the perception? 8. May I have a few words with you? 9. There were fewer people today at the exhibition than yesterday. 10. Harry made the fewest mistakes. 11. Youve learnt more poetry and done more exercises than I have.,20,12. Jacks done the most work and made the most

18、mistakes. 13. Hes done a lot of work and made a lot of mistakes. 14. A millionaire has lots of money and lots of worries. 15. Anna has enough worries because she hasnt got enough money. 16. The telephone rang every few minutes. 17. We have been persisting in making the experiment all these last few

19、cold days. 18. Both his next books on English linguistics will come out in 2011. 19. Soon we learned that we had to wait another three more weeks. 20. My brother spent $1,000 for a second-hand car, but I spent almost twice the amount for the same stuff.,21,Articles,Articles are the most typical of d

20、eterminers. English has : the definite article the indefinite article the zero article,22,1）all the beautiful flowers, both the students, all my money 當(dāng)all, both等后跟物或人的名詞時(shí)，名詞前可加of也可不加，如all of the flowers, both of the students。但如果后跟人稱代詞時(shí)，必須加of，如both of them，half of it。 當(dāng)表示泛指時(shí)，all/both/half后的冠詞可以不用。 A

21、ll children can be naughty sometimes. Please look after all the children in the room. All men are created equal. All the men in the mine wore helmets.,23,2）不定冠詞常置于such/half/what/many這些修飾語(yǔ)和名詞之間，或者置于so/as/too/how/however加上形容詞修飾語(yǔ)和名詞之間，如： We cant do it in such a short time / so short a time. What a nice

22、 day it is！ Many a student has passed the exam. She is as clever a girl as you can imagine. Its too difficult a book for us beginners. No one realized how serious a crime it was until much later. However dark a night it might be, we must start.,24,3）不定冠詞與quite和rather副詞連用，如果被修飾的名詞前有一個(gè)形容詞時(shí)，a/an可置于副詞之前

23、或之后，如： He is quite a nice boy / a quite nice boy. She is rather a clever girl / a rather clever girl. 但是，當(dāng)這兩個(gè)詞直接用來(lái)修飾名詞而無(wú)任何其他形容詞是，a/an只能置于副詞之后，如： He is rather a fool. * a rather fool She has made quite an effort / quite efforts to improve her English.,25,4）其他用法 He was master of the situation. He is a master of painting. He was appointed ambassador. He stood there, hat in hand. Fool as John is, he couldnt have done such a thing. I am not poet enough to have such sentiments. It is a palace of a house. He is a girl of a boy. They left in a devil of a hurry.,26,常見(jiàn)習(xí)語(yǔ)中有無(wú)冠詞的區(qū)