1、1,英語口語教學(xué)技巧鄧慧君國立臺灣科技大學(xué) 應(yīng)用外語系教授,2,英語口語教學(xué)技巧,I. Learner Strategies of Oral Communication II. Types of Oral Activities (Littlewood) III. Types of Oral Activities (Harmer) IV. Types of Oral Activities (Ur) V. Teachers Role in Oral Activities VI. Useful Conversation Patterns VII. Ways to Praise Your Studen

2、ts,3,I. Learner Strategies of Oral Communication (1),Achievement Strategies 1. Guessing strategies foreignize borrow literal translation Coin 2. Paraphrasing strategies lexical substitution circumlocution 3. Co-operative strategies S1: You have a basket for S2: a basket for S1: for umbrellas S2: for

3、 S1: umbrellas,4,I. Learner Strategies of Oral Communication (2),Reduction strategies Avoidance strategies 1. Avoid producing a particular sound sequence 2. Avoid some tricky structure 3. Avoid difficulties in expressing an idea through lack of vocabulary 4. Alter the message so as to make it more m

4、anageable,5,II. Types of Oral Activities (Littlewood),1. Sharing information with restricted co-operation Identifying one picture from a set Discovering identical pairs Discovering sequences or locations Discovering missing information Discovering missing features Discovering secrets,6,II. Types of

5、Oral Activities (Littlewood),2. Sharing information with unrestricted co-operation Communicating patterns and pictures Communicating models Discovering differences Following directions,7,II. Types of Oral Activities (Littlewood),3. Sharing and processing information Reconstructing story sequences Po

6、lling information to solve a problem 4. Processing information Problem-solving tasks,8,III. Types of Activities (Harmer Oral),Oral drills A: Is John English? B: No he isnt. A: Where is he from then? B: Hes Australian.,9,III. Types of Oral Activities (Harmer),2. Information-gap activities Store list

7、A Store list B apples 15 kilos apples bananas bananas 5 kilos pears 10 kilos pears cheese cheese 3 kilos A: How many bananas are there? B: Five kilos (A writs five kilos on his list) How much cheese is there? A: Three kilos,10,III. Types of Oral Activities (Harmer),4. Personalization and localizatio

8、n T : What are you doing this weekend, Gunter? S1: Im visiting Scotland. T : Oh, reallywhen are you leaving? S1: Early on Saturday morning.,11,III. Types of Oral Activities (Harmer),6. Communicative activities Reaching a consensus Relaying instructions Communication games Problem solving Interperson

9、al exchange Story construction Simulation and role-play,12,IV. Types of Oral Activities (Ur),1. Brainstorming activities Guessing games Finding connections Ideas from a central theme Implications and interpretations,13,IV. Types of Oral Activities (Ur),2. Organizing activities Comparison Detecting d

10、ifferences Putting in order Priorities Choosing candidates Layout problems Combining versions,14,IV. Types of Oral Activities (Ur),3. Compound activities Composing letters Debates Publicity campaigns Surveys Planning projects,15,V. Teachers Role in Oral Activities (1),1. Being available to give help

11、 whenever it is needed, but not inflicting help on those who do not need it. 2. Encouraging the students to help each other, so that the emphasis is on the successful completion of the tasks. 3. Not treating the activities as tests to be marked and scored. 4. Encouraging the students to alter their

12、answers if they wish to. 5. Including lots of pair and group work.,16,V. Teachers Role in Oral Activities (2),6. Making oral activities enjoyable. 7. Leaving out part of the work rather than pushing. 8. Giving immediate feedback. 9. Use techniques that cover the spectrum of learner needs. 10. Provid

13、e intrinsically motivating techniques.,17,V. Teachers Role in Oral Activities (3),11. Encouraging the use of authentic language in meaningful contexts. 12. Provide appropriate feedback and correction. 13. Capitalize on the natural link between speaking and listening. 14. Give students opportunities

14、to initiate oral communication. 15. Encourage the development of speaking strategies.,18,VI. Useful Conversation Patterns Greeting,與人初次見面 How do you do? Nice to meet you. Im very pleased to meet you. 與老朋友見面 How have you been? Long time, no see. Its great to see you again.,19,VI. Useful Conversation

15、Patterns Ordering Food,侍者招呼客人 May I take your order, please? Are you ready to order? Take your time. Ill come back. What can I get you? 客人點餐 Id like a tuna sandwich, please. Ill have the roast beef with a salad. A small diet coke. Well done, please. Nothing for me.,20,VI. Useful Conversation Pattern

16、s Shopping,描述自己想買的東西 I am looking for a laptop computer. Id like to try on a suit like this. I want a pair of sport shoes, please. May I take a look at that lamp? 談?wù)摯笮?、?guī)格 What size are you? Im a size 7. Im a 27-inch waist. I take size 9 shoes.,21,VI. Useful Conversation Patterns On the Phone,電話開場白 H

17、ello. May I speak to Mr. Wang, please? Please connect me with the Accounting Department. Good morning, William Company. Please get me Ms. Lee. 電話回答 This is Peter Taylor speaking. This is he. Whos calling please? Oh, John. Nice to hear from you. Sorry, whom do you wish to speak to?,22,VII. Ways to Pr

18、aise Your Students,Wow！ Way to go！ Super！ Youre special！ Outstanding！ Excellent！ Great！ Good！ Neat！ Well done！ Remarkable！ I knew you could do it！ Im proud of you！ Fantastic！ Superstar！ Nice work！ Looking good！ Youre on top of it！ Beautiful！ Now you are flying！ Youre catching on！ Now youve got it！ You are incredibl