1、七選五練習(xí)題ASecret codes keep messages private.Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer. People have used secret codes for thousands of years._1_ Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making.The science of creatin

2、g and reading coded messages is called cryptography. There are three main types of cryptography._2_ For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” spell out the hidden message “Meet me.” _3_You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Lets number the letters of the

3、 alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26.If we substitute a number for each letter,the message “Meet me” would read “.” A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences.To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book._4_ For example, “bridge” might stand for “meet” and “out” might

4、stand for “me.” The message “bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.” _5_However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long.So codes must be changed frequently. A It is very hard to break a code without the code book. BIn any language, some letters are used more than others. COnly people

5、 who know the keyword can read the message. DAs long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them. EYou can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out. FWith a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words. GAnother way to hide a messag

6、e is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.BA garden thats just right for you.Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(總和) of its parts？_1_But it doesnt happen by accident.It starts wi

7、th looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process. _2_ Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color.Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require

8、 less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料)_3_However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden.One of them comes from our earliest years. Recall(回憶)your childhood memories Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood.Grandmas rose garden and Dads

9、vegetable garden might be good or bad, but thats not whats important._4_how being in those gardens made us feel.If youd like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth._5_Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood mem

10、ories into your grownup garden.Have fun. A Know why you garden BFind a good place for your own garden CIts our experience of the garden that matters DIts delightful to see so many beautiful flowers EStill others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants FYou can produce that kind of magica

11、l quality in your own garden, too GFor each of those gardens, write down the strongest memory you haveCEveryone knows that fish is good for health._1_But it seems that many people dont cook fish at home.Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fis

12、h in restaurants as at home.Buying, storing, and cooking fish isnt difficult._2_This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way. _3_Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that youre standing at the oceans edge.Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isnt fresh._4_When you have bo

13、ught a fish and arrive home, youd better store the fish in the refrigerator if you dont cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two.Frozen fish isnt as tasty as the fresh one. There are many common methods used to cook fish._5_First，clean it and season i

14、t with your choice of spices(調(diào)料)Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound.(A larger one will take more time.)Then，its ready to serve. A Do not buy it. BThe easiest is to steam it. CThis is how you can do it. DIt just requires a little

15、knowledge. EThe fish will go bad within hours. FWhen buying fish，you should first smell it. GThe fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.DThe Science of RiskSeekingSometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward，the risk s

16、eems worth taking._1_ Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us.Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work. The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans.Risktakers were better at hunting，fighting，or exploring._2_ As

17、 the quality of risktaking was passed from one generation to the next，humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk. So why arent we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well，even 200，000 years ago，too much risktaking could get one killed.A few daring survived，though，along with a

18、few stayinthecave types.As a result，humans developed a range of character types that still exists today.So maybe you love car racing，or maybe you hate it._3_ No matter where you are on the riskseeking range,scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years._4_ To

19、 help you do that，your brain increases your hunger for new experiences.New experiences often mean taking some risks，so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well. _5_ For the riskseekers a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active，while for the rest of us，a part of the brain relate

20、d to fear becomes active. As experts continue to study the science of riskseeking,well continue to hit the mountains，the waves or the shallow end of the pool.A It all depends on your character. BThose are the risks you should jump to take. CBeing better at those things meant a greater chance of surv

21、ival. DThus，these wellequipped people survived because they were the fittest. EThis is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world. FHowever，we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards. GNew brain research suggests our brains work differentl

22、y when we face a nervous situation.EBuilding Trust in a Relationship AgainTrust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences._1_ Trust is a risk.But you cant be successful when theres a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibilit

23、y to fix the mistake. Unfortunately,weve all been victims of betrayal.Whether weve been stolen from，lied to，misled，or cheated on，there are different levels of losing trust.Sometimes people simply cant trust anymore._2_ Its understandable，but if youre willing to build trust in a relationship again，we

24、 have some steps you can take to get you there. _3_ Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your wellbeing. _4_ If youve been betrayed，you are the victim of your circumstance.But theres a difference between being a victim

25、 and living with a “victim mentality”At some point in all of our lives，well have our trust tested or violated. You didnt lose “everything”O(jiān)nce trust is lost，what is left？Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle，look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good

26、 in your life._5_ Instead，its a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness. A Learn to really trust yourself.BIt is putting confidence in someone. CStop regarding yourself as the victim. DRemember that you can expect the best in return. ETheyve been

27、too badly hurt and they cant bear to let it happen again. FThis knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships. GSeeing the positive side of things doesnt mean youre ignoring what happened.FTrainingforamarathonrequirescarefulpreparationandsteady,gradualincreasesinthelengt

28、hoftheruns._1_,buythebest-fitting,best-builtrunningshoesyoucanfind.Noonecansaywhichbrandwillworkbestforyouor feelbestonyourfeet soyouhavetorelyonyourexperienceandonthefeelofeachpairasyoushop.Whenyouhavefoundshoesthatseemright,walkinthemforafewdaystodouble-check the fit._2_.Asalways,you should stretc

29、hatleasttenminutesbeforeeachruntopreventinjuries.Duringthefirstweek，donotthinkaboutdistance，butrunfiveminuteslongereachday._3_，itiswisetotakeadayofftorest.Butduringthenextweek，setagoalofatleastamileandahalfperrun._4_Aftertwoweeks，starttimingyourself._5_Dependingonthekindofraceyouplantoenter，youcanse

30、tupatimetablefortheremainingweeksbeforetherace.AAftersixdaysBForagoodmarathonrunnerCBeforeyoubeginyourtrainingDWitheachday，increasethedistancebyahalfmileEIftheystillfeelgood，youcanbeginrunninginthemFTimespentforpreparationraisesthequalityoftrainingGNowyouarereadytofigureoutagoalofimprovingdistancean

31、dtimeGThis Way to DreamlandDaydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of whats happening around them. They can seem forgetful and clumsy. _1_ They annoy us because they

32、 seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things. But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history. _2_ Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions? So how can we come up with brilliant daydreams and

33、avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool? First, understand that some opportunities(機(jī)會) for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams. _3_ And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while youre daydr

34、eaming, try to do it while you are involved in another task，preferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings. Its also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate. “Mindfulness”， being focused, is a too

35、l that some people use to avoid falling asleep. _4_ Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away. _5_ Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds. A Having interesting things to think about also helps. BTh

36、ey stare off into space and wander by themselves. CWithout wandering minds, we wouldnt have relativity, Coke or Postit notes. DAt one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses. EIt involves slow, steady breathing for selfcontrol that helps people stay calm and attentive. F

37、Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand. GTherefore, its a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when youre in the daydream zone.HEvaluating Sources (來源) of Health InformationMaking good choices about your own health requ

38、ires reasonable evaluation.A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information.Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information，how to separate fact from opinion，how to recognize poor reasoning，and how to a

39、nalyze information and the reliability of sources._1_ Go to the original source.Media reports often simplify the results of medical research.Find out for yourself what a study really reported，and determine whether it was based on good science.Think about the type of study._2_ Watch for misleading la

40、nguage.Some studies will find that a behavior“contributes to”or is“associated with”an outcome；this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result._3_ Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it. Use your common sense.If a report seems too good to be tru

41、e，probably it is.Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements._4_ Evaluate“scientific”statements carefully，and be aware of quackery(江湖騙術(shù)) _5_ Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration，but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for

42、us. Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about health problems will serve you well throughout your life. A Make choices that are right for you. BThe goal of an ad is to sell you something. CBe sure to work through the critical questions. DAnd examine the findings of the or

43、iginal research. EDistinguish between research reports and public health advice. FBe aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an authors point of view. GThe following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.IThe jobs of the futu

44、re have not yet been invented._1_ By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds. 1Curiosity Your children need to be deeply curious._2_ Ask kids，“What ingredients (配料) can we add to make these pancakes even better next time？”and then try them out.Di

45、d those ingredients make the pancakes better？What could we try next time? 2Creativity True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it._3_ There are a dozen different things you can do with them.Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a l

46、ong way in helping them develop their creativity. 3 Interpersonal Skills Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids.We know whats going on inside our own head，but what about others？Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions._4_“Wh

47、y do you think shes crying？”“Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face？”“If someone were to do that to you，how would you feel？” 4Self Expression _5_ There are many ways to express thoughts and ideasmusic，acting，drawing，building，photography.You may find that your child is attracted

48、by one more than another. A Encourage kids to cook with you. BAnd we cant forget science education. CWe can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways. DSo how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that dont yet exist?EGardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this ski

49、ll. FWe can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories. GBeing able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.JEyesight plays a very important role in our daily life.Every waking moment，the eyes are working to see the world around us.Over forty percent of Am

50、ericans worry about losing eyesight，but its easy to include steps into our daily life to ensure healthy eyes.Here are five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight： Schedule yearly exams._1_Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check.The good

51、news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and following treatment，including eyeglasses. Protect against UV rays (紫外線)Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes.No matter what the season is，its extremely important to wear sunglasses._2_ Give your eyes a break.Twothirds

52、of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products._3_ Experts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule：every 20 minutes，take a 20second break and look at something 20 feet away. _4_ As part of a healthy diet，eat more fruits and vegetables each day.Vitamins

53、(維生素) C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health. Practice safe wear and care of contact lenses (隱形眼鏡)Many Americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight.While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses，many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk

54、._5_ Otherwise，you may have problems such as red eyes，pain in the eyes，or a more serious condition. A Eat your greens. BEye care should begin early in life. CThey can properly protect your eyes. DStay in good shape by taking more vitamins. EParents usually dont care about their own eyesight. FAlways

55、 follow the doctors advice for appropriate wear. GThis frequent eye activity increases the risk for eye tiredness.A【語篇導(dǎo)讀】 這是一篇說明文。向讀者介紹了密碼在生活中的作用及密碼學(xué)的三種基本類型。 1 D 考查綜合分析能力。聯(lián)系下一句的意思，“創(chuàng)設(shè)密碼和破譯密碼總是相伴而生的”，可以推斷此處意思是“只要有密碼存在，人們總是千方百計(jì)地進(jìn)行破譯”。故選D項(xiàng)。 2 E 考查聯(lián)系上下文的能力。依據(jù)接下來的舉例可知，這里講的是選取每個(gè)單詞的首字母這一方法來隱藏信息。因此答案為E。 3 G

56、 考查運(yùn)用語境進(jìn)行推斷的能力。前文已經(jīng)介紹了一種設(shè)臵密碼的方式，這里又介紹了另一種。故選G。G項(xiàng)中的another也是解題的關(guān)鍵標(biāo)志詞。 4 F 考查聯(lián)系上下文的能力?？崭袂暗腶 code book暗示答案可能為F項(xiàng)，通過驗(yàn)證，兩句意思通順自然，銜接緊密。故答案為F。 5 A 考查綜合分析能力。由下文中的“also hard”二詞可知答案非A莫屬。B【語篇導(dǎo)讀】 這是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是如何做園藝，讓美麗的花園給我們帶來美好的視覺享受。 1 F 本題考查聯(lián)系上下文的能力。根據(jù)前面的Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you可知，你是否參觀過一個(gè)美麗的花園，再結(jié)合后面的It starts with looking inside yourself可知，故F項(xiàng)“你也可以把自己的花園弄得這么漂亮”符合語境。 2 A 本題考查綜合分析能力。根據(jù)后面的there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden可知，這一部分主要說明的是首先要弄清楚從事園藝的原因。故A