1、Control of Work Group Standard集團標準-作業(yè)控制,Asia LPG, July 2006,2,Why was the Standard developed? 為什么需要此標準？,Between 1999 and October 2004: 在1999年到2004年10月間： 54 members of the BP workforce lost their lives as a result of failures in the control of their work while undertaking routine workplace activities

2、 typical of our industry 54名碧辟人員在執(zhí)行日常工作因控制管理失誤而喪失了寶貴的生命 These tragedies represent nearly half of all BP workforce fatalities這些慘劇竟然幾乎占據(jù)了所有碧辟死亡事故的一半 No Group Standard or CoW guidelines exist current CoW practices range from exemplary to poor沒有集團標準或缺乏作業(yè)控制指引-現(xiàn)有作業(yè)控制做法大致處在模仿到急需提高的階段,Workforce fatalities 1

3、999 2004 1999-2004年間死亡總人數(shù) % by incident type按照事故類型,作業(yè)控制 駕駛 其他,3,Why was the Standard developed?,Control of Work Related Incidents作業(yè)控制相關事故,1994年6月4日 拉烏拉煉油廠 在原油蒸餾裝置停車檢修期間，有一份封閉空間許可已被批準進入主蒸餾塔進行作業(yè)。同時另有一份在塔部上方管線（此管線沒有跟主蒸餾塔進行隔離）作業(yè)的熱作業(yè)許可也被簽署。一名消防人員作了氣體測試，同時一名操作人員當時負責此項熱工許可。 消防人員看見了管線里的液體，當時以為是從整流過程中出來的水。它是

4、汽油。當熱工開始時，火勢就很快就散發(fā)開來，導致2名操作人員吸入過量煙霧而死亡。,授權給可能會相互影響的作業(yè)許可的職責和義務不清楚 各個參與者相應承擔的責任沒有非常明確,4,Control of Work Related Incidents,2001年8月8日 一分包商（沒有穿戴呼吸設備或安全帶）進入一個警戒隔離的區(qū)域，把反應堆給停下來，以幫助進入封閉空間的作業(yè)人員提起一個內(nèi)部的用于人員上下的梯子。但因人孔附近缺氧，而跌入反應堆中死亡。,以為專家來處理而沒有采取持續(xù)的現(xiàn)場監(jiān)督,5,Standard was developed to improve assessment of risk, plan

5、ning, controlling and completion of safe work and the application of previous lessons此標準用來提高風險、計劃、控制及完成安全作業(yè)等方面的評估和經(jīng)驗教訓的應用等。 more than permit to work不僅僅限于作業(yè)許可 Comprises 12 elements此標準包含12個要素 Builds on learning and existing good practices and provides minimum requirements此標準是建立在學習及現(xiàn)有良好的實踐中并提供最低要求的指引 A

6、pplies to the BP workforce, including contractors, while carrying out construction, maintenance, demolition, remediation, operating tasks or similar work activities此標準適用于所有碧辟現(xiàn)場人員包括進行施工作業(yè)、維修維護、拆除、修復、操作任務或其他類似作業(yè)的承包商,What is the Control of Work Standard?什么是作業(yè)控制標準,6,Timeline and Expectations 時間表和要求,Cont

7、rol of Work Standard has been approved by John Browne. 作業(yè)控制標準已得到集團首席執(zhí)行官約翰布朗的批準 Business level implementation plans being developed:業(yè)務單元的執(zhí)行計劃正在制定中 Compliance gaps identified (gap analysis tool)差據(jù)分析工具 Cost and resources required to bridge gaps identified所需費用及資源 Action plans and timeline to bridge gaps

8、 developed行動計劃及時間表 Cow Standard implementation impact captured in Segment planning process作業(yè)控制標準推行對集團板塊計劃的影響 End 2009到2009年末 100% of businesses will be in compliance 100%業(yè)務單位必須完全遵守此標準,7,LPG BU Control of Work Standard液化氣業(yè)務單元作業(yè)控制標準,Element 1 A written policy shall exist describing the CoW process 要 素

9、 1 應該有書面程序說明作業(yè)控制程序,This CoW Procedure (and any associated procedures) shall be kept readily available and accessible to all employees. 本作業(yè)控制程序(以及其它相關程序) 應放在合適的地方, 方便所有員工取用. All BP LPG facilities covered by this CoW procedure are required to adopt or modify their procedures and practises to conform t

10、o this procedure. 所有作業(yè)程序所涵蓋的BP液化氣公司都必須采用現(xiàn)有程序或對程序和慣例進行修改. This CoW procedure and all other procedures are managed by, the BP LPG BU Document Control Management System, which itself is subject to a 2 yearly audit. 本作業(yè)控制程序和文中提到的其它程序都是按照文件控制管理系統(tǒng)頒布和管理的. 該系統(tǒng)2年進行一次審計. Any changes or developments suggested

11、are shall be subject to a formal Management of Change control process which shall include the input of trained and competent people before authorization and adoption, as appropriate. 任何改變和制定都需要通過變更的管理程序進行控制, 應包括在授權和采納前聽取已接受培訓的或合格人員的意見,8,LPG BU Control of Work Standard液化氣業(yè)務單元作業(yè)控制標準,Element 2 All iden

12、tified roles within the CoW procedure shall have defined accountabilities 要 素 2 作業(yè)控制程序中規(guī)定的所有職位都應該明確責任,The BU CoW SPA is responsible for the management of BU作業(yè)控制項目責任人要負責管理 Maintaining the integrity of the documents describing the CoW process including regular reviews and audits.維護作業(yè)控制程序文件的完整性, 包括定期審核

13、和審計 Establishing and maintaining the DCMS for the BU CoW process.建立并維護業(yè)務單元作業(yè)控制程序的文件控制管理體系 All roles identified to operate the CoW process shall be documented, detail the responsibilities and accountabilities and be readily available and understood. 所有確定的進行作業(yè)控制流程的角色都要有記錄, 任務和職責有詳細的描述, 取用方便并容易理解. A BU

14、 CoW SPA has been appointed for the overall management of the CoW process and its continuing successful delivery. 業(yè)務單元作業(yè)控制項目責任人已經(jīng)指派, 他負責作業(yè)控制流程的整體管理以及持續(xù)的成功推行.,9,LPG BU Control of Work Standard液化氣業(yè)務單元作業(yè)控制標準,Element 3 All persons involved in the CoW process shall be appropriately trained and competent

15、to carry out their roles 要 素 3 所有作業(yè)控制過程中涉及的人員都應經(jīng)過適當培訓并勝任其角色要求,Each Authority level shall achieve the competency to match a particular level of risk. The Authority level is maintained in the database of the electronic risk assessed permit system that BP LPG BU operates and is based on training, exper

16、ience and plant knowledge. 每個授權人員都應該獲取與風險級別相應的技能. 授權人員的資料保存在BP液化氣業(yè)務單元的風險評估許可證(RAP)的數(shù)據(jù)庫, 內(nèi)容有他接受的培訓, 經(jīng)驗和工廠知識. The level of risk for any task is determined when the risk assessment is carried out as part of the permit preparation. This indicates which level of Authority can approve the task risk assess

17、ment prior to the job proceeding. 任何任務的風險水平是由許可證準備階段的風險評估確定的. 它確定了工作開始前哪個層次的授權人員可以批準任務風險評估. This documented training program will cover initial users, refresher training and remedial training.書面的培訓計劃應包括初步培訓, 復訓以及補救培訓. Note: Training of contract employees is primarily the responsibility of the contra

18、ctor. 注: 培訓承包商員工應該是承包商的職責.,10,LPG BU Control of Work Standard液化氣業(yè)務單元作業(yè)控制標準,Element 4 Planning and scheduling of work shall identify individual tasks and their interaction 要 素 4 作業(yè)的計劃和進度應該規(guī)定個人任務和相互關系,All work within the scope of CoW which is required to be undertaken on BP LPG premises must be subjec

19、t to a degree of formal work planning, in advance of the work being executeda BP . 在工作開始前, 所有作業(yè)控制范圍內(nèi)在BP液化氣資產(chǎn)場所進行的工作都需要做一個正式的工作計劃. All activities shall be planned in advance where possible; this will allow time to所有作業(yè)盡可能提前計劃, 這樣就會有時間: Arrange resources for the work安排作業(yè)所需的資源 Prioritise work to reduce

20、conflict between tasks分出優(yōu)先, 減少任務間的矛盾 Review associated procedures查看相關程序 Undertake risk assessments進行風險評估 Define how the work will be done確定如何完成工作 The method by which planning is achieved is dependant on the work under consideration, in particular its complexity or urgency (for example breakdowns) 計劃

21、要依賴對工作的具體考慮, 特別是它的復雜性和緊急程度 (如故障狀態(tài)),11,LPG BU Control of Work Standard液化氣業(yè)務單元作業(yè)控制標準,Element 5 Tasks shall not be conducted without being risk assessed 要 素 5 沒有進行風險評估, 不能實施任務,The LPG BU will use the risk assessed permit (RAP) system for all work permit required on BP premises液化氣業(yè)務單元對所有BP資產(chǎn)場所的工作許可證的簽發(fā)使

22、用風險評估許可證(RAP)系統(tǒng). Where contractors are carrying out the task, risk assessments will be either supplied by the contractor or based on a method statement prepared by the contractor. 工作由承包商擔任時, 風險評估可由承包商自己或按承包商準備的方法說明提供. These risk assessments shall be reviewed on a 3 yearly basis or when the task has

23、led to an incident, in which case the risk assessment shall be reviewed as part of the incident investigation.風險評估每3年或發(fā)生事故后要進行一次審核. 風險評估的審核可作為事故調(diào)查的一部分. All tools/equipment brought onto site by a contractor shall be inspected by a whether BP or contractor supplied that may beare used for completing t

24、hese routine tasks must shall be inspected by a suitably competent person prior to use to check for defects, wear/tear.所有由承包商帶入現(xiàn)場的工具必須在使用前由合格人員檢查是否有缺陷, 或者已經(jīng)磨損/老化. Tools and equipment supplied by BP shall form part of a routine maintenance BP提供的工具和設備要有日常維護計劃.,12,LPG BU Control of Work Standard液化氣業(yè)務單元

25、作業(yè)控制標準,Element 6 Before conducting work that involves confined space entry, work on energy systems, ground disturbance, hot work or other hazardous activities, a permit shall be obtained 要 素 6 在受限空間進入工作、能量系統(tǒng)作業(yè)、地面干擾作業(yè)、動火作業(yè)或其它有危害活動開展前應該獲得許可證,The job description on the permit defines the limit of the w

26、ork that can be performed under the control of the permit. Any deviation from this will invalidate the Permit 許可證上的工作描述確定了受該許可證控制的可執(zhí)行的工作限制. 任何的偏離都將使該許可證失效. Before the permit is issued, the work site shall be inspected by a competent person to ensure site conditions have not materially changed and th

27、at all the permit requirements have beencan be fulfilled. This person shall be either the Issuer of the permit or someone nominated by the Issuer.在許可證簽發(fā)前, 應由合格人員到現(xiàn)場檢查, 確?，F(xiàn)場情況沒有改變, 所有的許可證需要都得到滿足. 此人可以是許可證簽發(fā)人或簽發(fā)人指派的其他人. Some examples of activities that do not generally require a permit to work include

28、不需要工作許可證的工作: Use of mechanically operated cameras (i.e. no battery)使用機械式的相機 (如: 沒有電池) Safety equipment checks安全設備檢查 Routine operations i.e. product sampling, start/stop pumps, compressors etc 日常操作, 如: 取樣, 開/關泵, 壓縮機等,13,LPG BU Control of Work Standard液化氣業(yè)務單元作業(yè)控制標準,Element 7 The scope, hazards control

29、s and mitigations shall be communicated in writing and signed off by all involved in the task. 要 素 7 應該用書面形式交流范圍、危害、控制和緩解措施并由任務涉及的所有人員簽署,The Issuer must shall ensure that all involved in the work activity understand the scope, hazards, controls and mitigation stated on the permit and sign the permit

30、 簽發(fā)人應確保所有參與工作的人員了解許可證上列明的范圍, 危害, 控制和緩解措施, 并在許可證上簽字確認他們的理解和接受. A copy of the permit shall be retained on site at all times.在工作現(xiàn)場必須放置許可證復印件在任何時候備查. Prior to the commencement of the work activity, all other relevant personnel (for example operations staff) must be informed.在工作開展前, 所有其他相關人員 (如操作工) 必須被告知

31、并了解該工作可能對他們產(chǎn)生的影響. If the appropriate authority is not available on site, a risk assessment can be remotely authorised to another nominated person. He/she then fulfils the role of checker as defined in the BP LPG BU RAP competency profile. 如果RAP風險評估授權人不在現(xiàn)場, 可以由非現(xiàn)場的指定合格人員授權. 他或她按照BP液化氣RAP技能規(guī)定擔當檢查人的責任.

32、,14,LPG BU Control of Work Standard液化氣業(yè)務單元作業(yè)控制標準,Element 8 All ongoing work requiring a permit shall be regularly monitored and managed by a responsible person 要 素 8 所有要求許可證的作業(yè)應該由責任人定期進行監(jiān)督和管理,To protect those completing the work it is essential that a competent person regularly visits and inspects t

33、he work site (normally the issuer of the permit or nominated deputy) to ensure that the conditions detailed on the permit have are not being compromised.要確保執(zhí)行工作人員的安全, 由合格的人員定期去現(xiàn)場檢查 (通常是許可證簽發(fā)人或指定人員) 確保許可證上所列的條件沒有變化, 是基本的要求. In some circumstances identified as particularly hazardous, full time supervi

34、sion shall be employed如果有特別的危害, 需配備全天候監(jiān)督. Following interruption of work, for example scheduled breaks, shift changes, alarms and site emergencies, the site conditions and control measures must shall be re-assessed prior to work continuing by the Issuer or suitably competent person工作因計劃的休息, 換班, 警報和現(xiàn)

35、場緊急情況中斷后, 在重新開始工作前, 應由簽發(fā)人或合格人員對現(xiàn)場情況和控制措施重新進行評估. Upon a shift change, before work re-commences, hand-over arrangements between all involved in the work shall include the status of continuing work, a re-appraisal of site conditions and the appropriate control measures.在換班時，在重新開始作業(yè)前，參與作業(yè)的人員之間的交接工作應該包括繼

36、續(xù)作業(yè)的狀態(tài)、現(xiàn)場條件的重新評估和適當控制措施的評估。,15,LPG BU Control of Work Standard液化氣業(yè)務單元作業(yè)控制標準,Element 9 Planning and scheduling of work shall identify individual tasks and their interaction 要 素 9 作業(yè)的計劃和進度應該規(guī)定個人任務和相互關系,On completion or interruption of any work activity, it is essential that, prior to the permit being

37、signed off, the work site is visited by a competent person to ensure that no potential sources of accidents remain and that the equipment can be safely brought back into service without incident. 在完成或中止工作后, 在許可證簽署前, 合格的人員到現(xiàn)場確保沒有潛在事故源, 設備處在安全狀態(tài)可以恢復使用而不發(fā)生事故, 是非常重要的 Once work is completed and work site

38、 inspected, the permit must shall be signed off by the Issuer or nominated competent person. 工作完成并在現(xiàn)場已經(jīng)進行檢查后, 許可證可以由簽發(fā)人或其他合格人員簽署 Only once the permit has been signed off as completed can can de-isolation, re-instatement and testing of the system integrity proceed。 許可證只有在簽署完成后才能進行解除隔離. 恢復生產(chǎn)和系統(tǒng)性測試,16,

39、LPG BU Control of Work Standard液化氣業(yè)務單元作業(yè)控制標準,Element 10 The CoW process shall be subject to a program of regular auditing 要 素 10 作業(yè)控制過程應該接受定期審計,To maintain a consistently high standard of CoW procedure application, auditing must be conducted on a 2 yearly basis.為確保作業(yè)控制程序使用的持續(xù)高標準性, 每2年應進行一次審計 Audits

40、shall account for the CoW documentation processes and procedures as well as their correct use and application.審計將基于作業(yè)控制文件流程和程序, 以及它們是否正確使用. 對系統(tǒng)進行監(jiān)控 Internal Auditing內(nèi)部審計: - Routine spot-checks of permits in force定期抽查: these can carried out by any competent issuer other than the issuer of the permit

41、being audited. Reports shall be sent to the PU CoW SPA with copies to the appropriate Depot Manager/Line Manager可由除簽發(fā)該許可證本人的其他合格的簽發(fā)人進行. 報告要發(fā)給業(yè)績單元作業(yè)控制的項目責任人, 抄送相關經(jīng)理/主管. Permit auditing post use by the PU CoW SPA 業(yè)績單元作業(yè)控制的項目責任人的審計: External Auditing外部審計: - Control of Work forms a part of the REALM 2 t

42、echnical audit programme. 作業(yè)控制是REALM2技術審計內(nèi)容的一部分,17,LPG BU Control of Work Standard液化氣業(yè)務單元作業(yè)控制標準,Element 11 Internal and external lessons learned that impact the CoW process shall be captured, incorporated, and shared 要 素 11 應該獲取、整合和分享影響作業(yè)控制程序的內(nèi)外經(jīng)驗教訓,All major incidents that occur within the BP Group

43、 are captured and recorded in Traction所有BP集團發(fā)生的重大事故都得到獲取并記錄到Traction. The BU CoW SPA is responsible for incorporating any relevant lessons learned in the CoW process 業(yè)務單元作業(yè)控制項目責任人負責將所有相關的經(jīng)驗教訓整合到作業(yè)控制程序 It is a requirement that all persons involved in CoW take a proactive approach to the lessons learned