1、Learning about language,Unit 3 Inventors and inventions,Discovering useful words and expressions,EXAMPLE: n. adj. convenience convenient; independence independent,In groups make word pairs with the same suffix. Add more of your own.,cubic,basic,fanciful,merciful,stainless,careless,cautious,poisonous

2、,expectation,relaxation,production,reduction,identification,satisfaction,strengthen,lengthen,freeze,disappoint,2 Replace the underlined parts with words that have the same meaning. Rewrite the sentence when necessary.,1. The greengrocer at the corner is probably the easiest and nearest to reach. 2.

3、If you want to apply for a credit card, you must provide officially acceptable identification.,most convenient,valid,3. You need to approach that animal with great care as it may bite. 4. She accepts everything during meetings and does not contribute to discussions at all. 5. I found his phone numbe

4、r in the directory and tried to telephone him last night, but there was no reply. Later I found I dialed the wrong number.,caution,is passive,call/ring him up,6. I dont think of my hometown very much, only sometimes. 7. Luckily the rainfall stopped suddenly before I left. 8. In a courtroom it is som

5、etimes difficult to recognize who is innocent and who is guilty.,now and then,abruptly,distinguish,3 Complete the passage using the correct form of the words or phrase below.,file abruptly valid product seize perfume criterion set about,When I first applied for a patent I was very puzzled by the _.

6、I had produced a new type of lily. I was amazed when my application was _ refused. The patent officer dealing with my _ explained to me that a new plant variety is not a _ invention as it is a result of adjusting growth scientifically.,criteria,abruptly,file,valid,However, she suggested that I shoul

7、d produce a _ from my new lily. With her encouragement, I decided to _ the opportunity to make a real invention, so I _ my studies on developing my _, for which I hope I will succeed in applying for a patent.,set about,seize,perfume,product,Grammar,動詞-ed形式作定語 動詞-ed形式作表語 動詞-ed形式作賓語補足語,過去分詞作定語往往與被修飾的詞

8、靠得很緊, 漸漸地成為一個復(fù)合詞。這種分詞叫分詞形容 詞 (the Participle Adjective), 實際上相當于 一個單純的形容詞, 除表示“完成”的動作之外, 還表示“被動”的意義。如：,一、動詞-ed形式作定語,spoken English 英語口語 iced beer 冰凍啤酒 cooked food 熟食 fried chips 炸土豆條,但要注意不及物動詞的過去分詞常表示 “完成”的動作, 而不表示“被動”意義。如: boiled water(開水); fallen leaves(落葉) the risen sun(升起的太陽)等。 The tall man is a

9、returned student 高個子的那個人是個歸國留學(xué)生。 My parents are both retired teachers 我的父母都是退休教師。,(1) 前置定語,單個的動詞-ed形式, 一般放在被修飾 的名詞的前面, 作前置定語。,The excited people rushed into building.,激動的人們沖進大樓。,(=the people who were excited),Lost time can never be found again,虛度的時光, 無法挽回。,(=time which is lost),e.g. The books left a

10、re for my students,(2) 后置定語,少數(shù)單個動詞的-ed形式, 如left等, 只能 作后置定語。,剩下的書是給我的學(xué)生的。, 動詞-ed形式短語作定語時, 通常要放在 被修飾的名詞的后面, 在意思上相當于 一個定語從句。,Is there anything planned for tonight?,(= that has been planned for tonight),今晚有什么活動嗎?,The meeting, attended by a lot of people, was a success,這次會議有很多人出席, 開得很成功。,(=which was atte

11、nded by a lot of people),1) The Olympic games, _ in 776 BC, didnt include women players until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be first playing 2) Prices of daily foods _ through a computer can be lower than prices in stores. A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D

12、. buying,C,B,He looked worried after reading the letter 看完信后, 他顯得很憂慮。 When we heard of it, we were deeply moved 當我們聽到這件事時, 被深深地感動了。 He seemed quite delighted at the idea 聽到這個想法, 他似乎很高興。,二、動詞-ed形式作表語,過去分詞作表語并無“完成”或“被動”之意, 而是表示主語的狀態(tài)或思想感情等。這時 過去分詞可以被看作一個形容詞，是形容 詞化的過去分詞。如：,I was very pleased at the news

13、 聽了這消息我很高興。 He grew much tired of the work 他十分厭倦這工作。 He seemed quite delighted at the idea. 聽了這想法他似乎很高興。,作表語的-ed形式可被much, very, quite 等所修飾。,三、動詞-ed形式作賓語補足語,能用作賓語補足語的過去分詞一般都是 及物動詞,表示被動意義或已完成意義, 有時候兩者兼而有之。作賓語補足語的 過去分詞與賓語有邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系, 即賓語是過去分詞動作的對象。,She found the house broken in when she came back 她回來時發(fā)現(xiàn)有

14、人破門而人。 My grandfather had his old house repaired 我爺爺找人重修了一下他的舊房子。,動詞-ed形式作賓語補足語的基本用法 動詞的-ed形式可以在“主語+謂語+賓語 +賓語補足語”句型中充當賓語補足語。在 這一結(jié)構(gòu)中, 動詞-ed形式和它前面的賓語 構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動關(guān)系。如果這種句子改 為被動語態(tài), 原來的賓語補足語變成了主語 補足語。,People found the girl beaten black and blue,人們發(fā)現(xiàn)這個女孩被打得青一塊紫一塊。,(賓語補足語),The girl was found beaten black and

15、blue,(主語補足語),可以帶過去分詞做賓語補足語的動詞有：,see, hear, watch, feel, think, find,consider等表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動詞。 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)她變了很多。 _.,We found her greatly changed,2.make, get, have ,help, leave等表示“致使”意義的 動詞。 什么使他們這樣害怕？ _ 3.like, want, wish, order 等表示“希望，要求” 等意 義的動詞。 他不想讓這樣的問題在會上討論。 He wont like such questions _.,What made them

16、so frightened?,discussed at the meeting,The students wish the TV serial plays continued 學(xué)生們希望電視連續(xù)劇繼續(xù)播下去。,I have never heard him spoken ill of by others. 我從未聽過有人說他的壞話。 She felt a great weight taken off her mind 她覺得心里輕松了些。 They considered the matter settled 他們認為這問題解決了。,She had her house repaired 她請人把屋

17、子修好了。 Where did you have your hair cut? 你在哪兒理的發(fā)?,“have+賓語+done”結(jié)構(gòu)有三個含義：, (請人)把某事做完。,He had his hat blown away on his way home 在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。 She had her wallet stolen yesterday. 昨天她的錢包被偷了。, 遭遇某種意外情況。,I have had all my spelling mistakes corrected 我把所有的拼寫錯誤都改正了。 He has had one thousand yuan saved thi

18、s year 他今年已存了1000元。, 完成某事 (自己也可能參與)。,過去分詞用在“with+賓語+賓補”這一 結(jié)構(gòu)中, 過去分詞與賓語之間是動賓關(guān)系。,The thief was brought in with his hands tied behind his back.,小偷被帶進來了, 雙手被反綁在后面。,1. He found a magazine _ with the owners name_ on the desk with the back cover _ off. A. marking, lying, torn B. marked, lying, torn C. mark

19、ed, laid, tearing D. marking, laying, tearing,B,2. To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English _ as much as we can. (2009江蘇卷) A. speak.B. speaking C. spokenD. to speak 3. We finished the run in less than half the time _. (2009江西卷) A. allowing B. to allow C. allowed D. allows,

20、C,C,4. It is one of the funniest things _ on the Internet so far this year. (2009浙江卷) A. finding B. being found C. to find D. found,D,Answer key for exercise 2 on page 24,We need another copy of the _ agreement. He seemed _ by the failure of his patent. She tried to make herself _ while giving her t

21、alk. I was _ to see our team _ by a weaker team. My mother appeared _ with the lanterns she had made.,signed,disappointed,understood,embarrassed,beaten,pleased,Answer key for exercise 3 on page 24,If you want to be an inventor, you must have a plan _ to solve a particular problem. This is not as eas

22、y as it sounds. Many ideas, _ after weeks of research, may not prove successful. Many unsuccessful approaches are _, and only the most creative and successful ones are _.,designed,developed,rejected,welcomed,Each idea _ by you will need to be _ until it leads you closer to a new invention. Once this hard work has been completed and the patent committee has approved your design, you w