1、,Object Clauses 賓語從句,課程內(nèi)容 1.什么是賓語 2.引導詞 3. that不可省略的情況 4.if 和Whether的區(qū)別 5.語序 6.否定前移 7.時態(tài) 8.it做形式賓語 9.運用虛擬語氣的情況 10.賓語從句專項練習,I know him . 2. I know who he is .,主語,謂語,賓語,（簡單句）,主語,謂語,賓 語 從 句,連詞,從句主語,從句謂語,主 句,（復合句）,什么是賓語？,I know him. Do you have the time? I think (that) she is beautiful. Why dont you pay

2、 attention to me?,賓語 位于謂語動詞或者介詞后,一、賓語從句的概念,從句在復合句中作賓語的名詞性從句， 通常放在主句謂語動詞（及物動詞）或介詞之后。 eg. We know Mr Green teaches English. She asked if these answers were right.,二、賓語從句三要素,引導詞（連接詞） 語 序 時 態(tài),不同引導詞引導的賓語從句,由從屬連詞 that 引導的賓語從句,由連接代詞 Who,whom,whose,which,what 和連接副詞 where,how,why,when 引導的賓語從句,由從屬連詞 whether,

3、if 引導的賓語從句,（一）引導詞,1,2,3,e.g. I hear (that) _. He said (that) _. The teacher told us (that) _ _.,he will be back in an hour,he missed us very much,the earth moves,由從屬連詞 that 引導的賓語從句,注：that 在句中無詞匯意義，在從句中不能充當成分，在口語當中往往省略,around the sun,that不可省略的情況,賓語從句that?？墒÷?，但在以下情況下不能省略 A當主句謂語動詞帶有兩個或兩個以上賓語從句時，可以省略第一個

4、that，其他不能省略。 e gI believe（that）you have done your best and that things will get better B當it作形式賓語時（常用在 think find make consider之后）即it（形式賓語）+補語之后 e gShe made it clear that she had nothing to do with him C當賓語從句前置時 egThat our team will win，I believe. D.賓語前有插入語 eg. We hope, on the contrary, that he will

5、stay at home with us. E.在except 等介詞之后 eg. He has no special fault except that he smokes too much ,由從屬連詞 whether, if 引導的賓語從句,I want to know _ _. 2. Ask him _. 3. I wonder _. 4. Could you tell me_?,if (whether) he will go to the park with us,whether (if) he can come,whether it is going to rain or not,

6、if/ whether “是否”，說明對陳述的事物不明確或不清楚。常用在ask, wonder, can(could) you tell me 等后。,whether(if) Mr Li lives here,動詞 doubt 用在疑問句或否定句時，其后賓語從句常用 that 作連接詞；用在肯定句時，連接詞用 whether 或 if 皆可，而不用 that。 Do you doubt that he will win? I dont doubt that your proposition is wrong. He doubts whether/if I know it.,只能用 whethe

7、r不能用 if 的情況,1. 在介詞后面： Im thinking of whether we should go fishing. We are worried about whether it will rain tomorrow. 2. 在動詞不定式前(whether to do sth.) ： They asked me whether to go skating.,3.當與or not連用，或提出兩種選擇時: I dont know whether hes free or not. Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not.

8、Tell me whether youd like to go shopping or tidy the room. 4. 賓語從句提前時： Whether this is true or not, I cant say.,Practice time,if / whether 1. I asked her _ she had a bike. 2. Were worried about _ he is safe. 3. I wonder _ he is well. 4. I dont know _ or not he is well. 5. I dont know _ to go.,if / w

9、hether,whether,whether /if,whether,whether,1. He asked _. 2. Do you know_? 3. He asked_. 4. Do you know _? 5. Please tell me _. 6. Can you tell me _? 7. Could you tell me _?,who could answer the question,whom they are waiting for,whose bike was the best in the class,when well have a meeting,where he

10、 is,how I can get to the station,why the train is late,由連接代詞 Who,whom,whose,which,what 和連接副詞 where,how,why,when引導的賓從,代詞或副詞連接主句和從句，并在從句中擔任句子成分，具有一定的意義，不可省略。,二、語序 賓語從句的語序用陳述語序： 連接詞+主語+謂語+其他成分,1. When will he go to the library? His brother asks when he will go to the library . His brother asks when wil

11、l he go to the library .,2. What did he want to buy ? I dont know what did he want to buy . I dont know what he wanted to buy .,主句+連接詞+從句（主+謂+其他成分）,Whats wrong? Whats the matter? Whats happening? What happened?,注：當從句的原句為以下句子 以及what, who作主語時，語序不變：,eg: I dont know whats the matter. Can you tell me who

12、 is over there? Can you tell me who he is ?,做主語,做賓語,否定的轉移,若主句謂語動詞為think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, guess, imagine等， 其后的賓語從句若含有否定意義，一般要把否定詞轉移到主句謂語上，從句謂語用肯定式。,I dont think this dress fits you well. I dont think you are right.,我認為這件衣服不適合你穿。 我認為你是錯的。,I dont believe you will finish the work tod

13、ay.,我認為你今天無法完成工作。,I know he lives here . I know he lived here ten years ago . I have heard that he will come tomorrow .,三、時態(tài),主句用現(xiàn)在時或將來時，從句可用任何時態(tài)， 根據(jù)實際情況而定。,2.如果主句是過去的時態(tài)（一般過去時，過去進行時）， 從句的時態(tài)一定要用相對應的過去的某種時態(tài) （一般過去時，過去進行時，過去將來時，過去完成時）,I knew who lived here. I saw she was talking with her mother. He asked

14、 whether his father would come back tomorrow. He said that he had seen it .,The teacher told me she was born in 1960. I heard that he went to Paris last night.,3. 從句說明的是一般真理、客觀事實、自然現(xiàn)象時， 仍用一般現(xiàn)在時。,Dad told us that it is better to do than to say. He told the boy that three and three is six. He told me

15、the earth moves around the sun.,4. 從句中有具體時間狀語，即使從句動作發(fā)生 在主句動作前，仍用一般過去時。,The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be) The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go) I hear they _ (return) it already. He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948. (be) Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the eas

16、t. (rise),will be,goes,have returned,had been,rises,it做形式賓語,1.在許多帶有復合賓語的句子中，that引導的賓語從句經(jīng)常移到句子的后面，而用it做形式賓語。（think. find make .consider之后） 動詞+it +形容詞或慣用搭配+ that從句+ 其他 例：We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone (我認為他向每一個人撒謊是錯誤的) 2.有些動詞如like, dislike, hate, enjoy, appreciate，depend on, rely on

17、,have, take等，其后的賓語從句通常也用it作形式主語。（這類詞后可以用不定式或動名詞作賓語） I hate it when someone speaks to me with his mouth full.,運用虛擬語氣的情況,在表示： 建議 suggest 、advise、propose; 要求demand 、desire、request； 決定 decide; 命令 order、command、require; 堅決主張 insist; 等動詞后跟賓語從句，用（should）+v（虛擬語氣） e g I suggested that you（should）study hard H

18、e ordered that we should go out at once,作形容詞的賓語，例如： I am afraid (that) Ive made a mistake.我恐怕我已經(jīng)犯了一個錯誤。注意：that 引導的從句常跟在下列形容詞后作賓語：anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, cont

19、ent 等。也可以將此類詞后的that 從句的看作原因狀語從句。,賓語從句三要素,時 態(tài),Summary (小結）,引導詞（連接詞）,語 序,1.The young man asked _ its summer or winter. A. either B. that C. weather D. whether 2.We dont know _ they did it . A. how B. who C. what D. which 3. The teacher asks us _ Jim can come back on time . A. that B. if C. when D. wha

20、t time 4. Does anybody know _ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not . A. if B. where C. whether D. that,D,A,B,C,Practice,5. Could you show me _ ? A. how can I get to the station B. where is the station C. how I could get to the station D. how I can reach the station 6. Please tell me _.

21、A. what does he like B. what he does like C. what he likes D. what he like 7. My sister told him _ . A. what day was it B. when the train arrived C. who she was waiting D. where did you live,C,B,D,8. Someone is ringing the doorbell . Go and see _ . A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is

22、 9. Could you tell me how long _ ? A. you have bought the watch B. you have kept this science book C. have you been away from China D. have you been a member of Greener China 10. He says that if it _ tomorrow , he _ fishing . A. will rain , wont go B. rained , wasnt go C. rains , wont go D. rain , w

23、ill go,B,C,D,將下列句子合并為一句: 1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked. 2. What will you speak at the meeting? Could you tell me? 3. Do they like to go skiing? He asked. 4. He is doing his homework. He said. 5. He will come back. Tom said.,I asked where they stopped on the way.,Could you tell me what you will speak at the meetin