1、新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)2 UNIT5 課文與譯文 Catch-22Catch-22 is one of the most famous novels of the last century. It is set in an American military base on a small island in the Mediterranean during the Second World War. Although the story reveals some of the horrors of war through episodes of bloodshed and destruction,

2、it is not a traditional war novel. There are no heroes or heroic acts, and the enemy is not really the Germans (who do not appear in the story), but anyone who can get you killedand that includes your own commander. Catch-22 is primarily a comic novel, whose main character, an airman called Yossaria

3、n, has only one aimto survive the war and go back home. He thinks he can do this by pretending to be insane. 1It was a horrible joke, but Doc Daneeka didnt laugh until Yossarian came to him one mission later and pleaded again, without any real expectation of success, to be grounded. Doc Daneeka snic

4、kered once and was soon immersed in problems of his own, which included Chief White Halfoat, who had been challenging him all that morning to Indian wrestle, and Yossarian, who decided right then and there to go crazy. 2Youre wasting your time, Doc Daneeka was forced to tell him. 3Cant you ground so

5、meone whos crazy? 4Oh, sure. I have to. Theres a rule saying I have to ground anyone whos crazy. 5Then why dont you ground me? Im crazy. Ask Clevinger. 6Clevinger? Where is Clevinger? You find Clevinger and Ill ask him. 7Then ask any of the others. Theyll tell you how crazy I am. 8Theyre crazy. 9The

6、n why dont you ground them? 10Why dont they ask me to ground them? 11Because theyre crazy, thats why. 12Of course theyre crazy, Doc Daneeka replied. I just told you theyre crazy, didnt I? And you cant let crazy people decide whether youre crazy or not, can you? 13Yossarian looked at him soberly and

7、tried another approach. Is Orr crazy? 14He sure is, Doc Daneeka said. 15Can you ground him? 16I sure can. But first he has to ask me to. Thats part of the rule. 17Then why doesnt he ask you to? 18Because hes crazy, Doc Daneeka said. He has to be crazy to keep flying combat missions after all the clo

8、se calls hes had. Sure, I can ground Orr. But first he has to ask me to. 19Thats all he has to do to be grounded? 20Thats all. Let him ask me. 21And then you can ground him? Yossarian asked. 22No. Then I cant ground him. 23You mean theres a catch? 24Sure theres a catch, Doc Daneeka replied. Catch-22

9、. Anyone who wants to get out of combat duty isnt really crazy. 25There was only one catch and that was catch-22, which specified that a concern for ones own safety in the face of dangers that were real and immediate was the process of a rational mind. Orr was crazy and could be grounded. All he had

10、 to do was ask; and as soon as he did, he would no longer be crazy and would have to fly more missions. Orr would be crazy to fly more missions and sane if he didnt, but if he was sane he had to fly them. If he flew them he was crazy and didnt have to; but if he didnt want to he was sane and had to.

11、 Yossarian was moved very deeply by the absolute simplicity of this clause of catch-22 and let out a respectful whistle. 26Thats some catch, that catch-22, he observed. 27Its the best there is, Doc Daneeka agreed. 第二十二條軍規(guī) 第二十二條軍規(guī)是上個(gè)世紀(jì)最著名的小說(shuō)之一。 故事發(fā)生在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間地中海一座小島上的美軍基地里。 雖然流血和破壞的場(chǎng)景揭示了一些戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的恐怖，但它并非傳

12、統(tǒng)意義上的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)小說(shuō)。 沒(méi)有英雄或英雄行為，敵人并不真是德國(guó)人（在故事中并未出現(xiàn)），而是能置你于死地的任何人包括你自己的長(zhǎng)官。 第二十二條軍規(guī)主要是一部滑稽小說(shuō)，其主要人物，一名叫約薩里安的飛行員，只有一個(gè)目標(biāo)活到戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)結(jié)束，然后回家。 他以為通過(guò)裝瘋就能做到這一點(diǎn)。 那是個(gè)粗魯?shù)耐嫘?，可是達(dá)尼卡大夫并沒(méi)有笑，直到約薩里安又執(zhí)行了一次任務(wù)之后，再次來(lái)求他要求停飛盡管這沒(méi)有任何指望。 達(dá)尼卡大夫竊笑了一下，很快又沉浸到他自己的麻煩中去了，這包括懷特哈夫特指揮官那天早上一直在向他挑戰(zhàn)，要和他比印度式摔跤，而約薩里安則恰恰在彼時(shí)彼地決定要發(fā)瘋。 “你這是在浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，”達(dá)尼卡大夫不得不告訴他。 “你難道不

13、能讓瘋子停飛嗎？” “哦，當(dāng)然。我必須。有一條軍規(guī)說(shuō)我必須讓瘋子停飛?！?“那你為什么不讓我停飛？我瘋了。問(wèn)問(wèn)克萊溫格去?！?“克萊溫格？克萊溫格在哪兒？你把克萊溫格找來(lái)我就問(wèn)他?！?“那就隨便問(wèn)誰(shuí)吧。他們會(huì)告訴你我有多瘋?！?“他們瘋了?！?“那你為什么不讓他們停飛？” “他們?yōu)槭裁床灰笪易屗麄兺ｏw？” “因?yàn)樗麄儻偭耍@就是為什么?！?“他們當(dāng)然瘋了，”達(dá)尼卡大夫回答。“我剛才告訴你他們瘋了，不是嗎？你不能讓瘋子來(lái)斷定你是否瘋了，對(duì)吧？” 約薩里安冷靜地看著他，換一種方法說(shuō)。“奧爾瘋了嗎？” “他肯定瘋了，”達(dá)尼卡大夫說(shuō)。 “你能讓他停飛嗎？” “我當(dāng)然能。不過(guò)他得先請(qǐng)求我。這是軍規(guī)的一

14、部分。” “那他為什么不請(qǐng)求你？” “因?yàn)樗偭?，?達(dá)尼卡大夫說(shuō)。 “要在無(wú)數(shù)次死里逃生之后還堅(jiān)持執(zhí)行戰(zhàn)斗飛行任務(wù)，他一定是瘋了。 當(dāng)然，我能讓奧爾停飛。不過(guò)他得先請(qǐng)求我?！?“他要想停飛就只需做這些嗎？” “就這些。讓他請(qǐng)求我吧?！?“那你就可以讓他停飛了？”約薩里安問(wèn)。 “不。那我就不能讓他停飛了?！?“你是說(shuō)有詭局？” “當(dāng)然有詭局，”達(dá)尼卡大夫回答。 “第二十二條軍規(guī)。任何想要逃避作戰(zhàn)任務(wù)的人都不是真瘋?！?只有一個(gè)詭局，那就是第二十二條軍規(guī)，它規(guī)定：在面對(duì)真正的、緊迫的危險(xiǎn)時(shí)考慮到自身安全是理智的思維過(guò)程。 奧爾瘋了，因此可以停飛。 他只須提出請(qǐng)求；而一旦他提出請(qǐng)求，他就不再是瘋子

15、，就得去執(zhí)行更多的飛行任務(wù)。 如果去執(zhí)行更多的飛行任務(wù)，奧爾就是瘋了，如果不去他就不瘋，但如果不瘋，他就得去執(zhí)行飛行任務(wù)。 假如他去飛，他就是瘋子，就無(wú)需飛；但假如他不想飛，他就是正常的，就不得不飛。 約薩里安被這第二十二條軍規(guī)的絕對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單深深地感動(dòng)了，不由得充滿敬意地吹了聲口哨。 “第二十二條軍規(guī)，可真是個(gè)詭局，”他說(shuō)。 “它是所有軍規(guī)中最好的一條，”達(dá)尼卡大夫表示同意。The story of Anne Franks Diary113 June 1944. Another birthday has gone by so now Im 15. Ive received quite a few

16、presents, an art history book, a set of underwear, two belts, and a handkerchief, two pots of yogurt, a pot of jam and two small honey biscuits . Peter and I have both spent years in the annexewe often discuss the future, the past and the present, but . I miss the real thing, and yet I know it exist

17、s. 2Anne Frank wrote these words in her now famous diary while she and her family were in hiding in the secret annexe, a few rooms in the back of her fathers office in Amsterdam, Holland. 3The Franks were in fact refugees, Jews from Germany who had emigrated to Holland, settling in Amsterdam to esca

18、pe from Nazi persecution. But when, in May 1940 the German army invaded and occupied Holland, the persecution of the Dutch Jews very quickly began there too. 4Like all Jews, Anne and her sister Margot were forbidden to attend school, to ride their bikes, even to travel in a car. They were only allow

19、ed to go into certain shops, and at all times they had to wear a yellow star on their clothing to show they were Jewish. The star of David, an important religious symbol, was transformed into a badge of shame by the Nazis. 5By 1941, the Nazis were arresting large numbers of Jewish people, and sendin

20、g them to labour camps which quickly became death camps. Otto Frank, Annes father, decided to conceal his family, and the family of his business partner. 6The Franks went into hiding on 6 July 1942, just a few weeks after Anne started her diary, and were joined by the second family, the Van Pels a w

21、eek later. For the next two years, eight people were confined to just six small rooms and could never go outside. There was rarely enough to eat, and the families lived in a state of poverty. 7Throughout her time in hiding, Anne continued to write her diary. She described the day-to-day activity in

22、the annexe but she also wrote about her dreams and aspirations. It was very hard for her to plan a future; she and the others knew what was happening to the Jews who had been caught. 8Our many Jewish friends and acquaintances are being taken away in droves. The Gestapo is treating them very roughly

23、and transporting them in cattle cars to Westerbork, the big camp in Drenthe to which theyre sending all the Jews . If its that bad in Holland, what must it be like in those faraway and uncivilized places where the Germans are sending them? We assume that most of them are being murdered. The English

24、radio says theyre being gassed. October 9, 1942 9Despite being an ordinary teenager in many ways, curious, self-critical and moody, Anne was also an honest writer of considerable talent who fought for the right to live and this is what gives the diary such power: 10Its a wonder I havent abandoned al

25、l of my ideals, they seem so absurd and impractical. Yet, I cling to them because I still believe in spite of everything that people are truly good at heart . I must hold to my ideals. Perhaps the day will come when I will be able to realise them. 11Its utterly impossible for me to build my life on

26、a foundation of chaos, suffering and death. I see the world being slowly turned into a wilderness, I hear the approaching thunder that, one day, will destroy us too, I feel the suffering of millions. And yet, when I look up at the sky, I somehow feel that everything will change for the better, that

27、this cruelty too shall end, that peace and tranquillity will return once more . I must uphold my ideals, for perhaps the time will come when I shall be able to carry them out. July 15, 1944 12Writing these words, Anne was not displaying simple childish optimism. It was more a declaration of her prin

28、ciples and of the right to human dignity. The voice that comes across is of a solitary young girl writing for herself, yet at the same time it is the cry of all those innocent victims of evil whose fate was to suffer in the Second World War. That is why Anne Franks diary has achieved fame as the voi

29、ce of the Holocaust in which six million Jews were murdered: She speaks for all of humanity. 13In August 1944, the hiding place was stormed, and Nazi officers arrested everyone. They were taken to a transit camp and forced to do hard labour. From there they were taken by train to a concentration cam

30、p at Auschwitz. A month later, Anne and Margot were moved to Bergen-Belsen camp in Germany. They both died of typhus and starvation in March 1945. Anne Frank was 15, her sister was 19. Out of the eight people in hiding, Otto Frank was the only survivor, and when he found his daughters diary after th

31、e war, he arranged for its publication in recognition of her courage. 14When Anne wrote in her diary I hope that you will be a great support and comfort to me, she couldnt have known that her writing would also be a support and comfort to the whole world after her death. 安妮弗蘭克日記的故事 “1944年6月13日。 又一個(gè)生

32、日過(guò)去了，我現(xiàn)在15歲了。 我收到了不少禮物：一本藝術(shù)史、一套內(nèi)衣、兩根腰帶、一幅手帕、兩罐酸奶、一罐果醬和兩小塊蜂蜜餅干彼得和我在藏身所里待了兩年了我們經(jīng)常談?wù)搶?lái)、過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在，可是我想念外面真實(shí)的世界，而且我知道它存在?！?安妮弗蘭克在她現(xiàn)已出名的日記中寫(xiě)下了這些話，當(dāng)時(shí)她和她的家人躲在“秘室”里，那是她父親在荷蘭阿姆斯特丹的辦公室后面的幾間屋子。 弗蘭克一家實(shí)際上是難民，是從德國(guó)移民到荷蘭的猶太人，定居在阿姆斯特丹以逃避納粹的迫害。 但是在1940年5月，當(dāng)?shù)聡?guó)軍隊(duì)入侵并占領(lǐng)了荷蘭之后，對(duì)荷蘭猶太人的迫害也很快就開(kāi)始了。 像所有的猶太人一樣，安妮和姐姐瑪戈被禁止上學(xué)、騎自行車(chē)、甚至坐汽車(chē)

33、。 德軍只允許他們進(jìn)某些店鋪，任何時(shí)候都要在衣服上戴著一顆黃星以表明他們是猶太人。 大衛(wèi)王之星，一種重要的宗教象征，被納粹變成了一種恥辱的標(biāo)志。 到1941年，納粹開(kāi)始大量逮捕猶太人，把他們送往勞改集中營(yíng)，勞改集中營(yíng)很快就變成了死亡集中營(yíng)。 安妮的父親奧托弗蘭克決定把家人和生意伙伴的家人藏起來(lái)。 1942年7月6日，就在安妮開(kāi)始寫(xiě)日記數(shù)周后，弗蘭克一家躲了起來(lái)；一周后，范佩爾一家人也加入進(jìn)來(lái)。 在其后的兩年里，八個(gè)人就關(guān)在六個(gè)小房間里，絕不能外出。 兩家人生活在貧困狀態(tài)之中，連足夠的食物都沒(méi)有。 在躲藏的日子里，安妮一直堅(jiān)持寫(xiě)日記。 她逐日敘述“秘室”里的日?；顒?dòng)，也記述自己的夢(mèng)想和憧憬。 她

34、很難設(shè)想未來(lái)；她和別的人都清楚，猶太人被捉住會(huì)有什么下場(chǎng)。 “我們的許多猶太人朋友和熟人都被成群地帶走了。 蓋世太保對(duì)他們非常粗暴，用運(yùn)牲口的拖車(chē)把他們運(yùn)送到德倫特最大的集中營(yíng)威斯特伯克，他們把所有猶太人都遣送到里。 如果說(shuō)在荷蘭都這么糟，那么在德國(guó)人送他們?nèi)サ哪切┻b遠(yuǎn)的蠻荒之地又會(huì)是什么樣呢？我們猜想他們中的大多數(shù)正在被殺害。 英國(guó)廣播說(shuō)他們正在被毒氣熏死?！?1942年10月9日 盡管安妮在許多方面都是個(gè)普通的十幾歲少女，好奇、自我批評(píng)而且喜怒無(wú)常，但她還是個(gè)相當(dāng)有天賦的誠(chéng)實(shí)的作者，為生存的權(quán)利而斗爭(zhēng)著。正是這一點(diǎn)賦予了她的日記如此強(qiáng)大的力量： “我沒(méi)有放棄所有理想，這簡(jiǎn)直是奇跡；它們顯得

35、那么荒唐和不切實(shí)際。 然而，我緊緊抓著它們，因?yàn)槲胰匀幌嘈牛还茉趺礃?，人們的?nèi)心都是真正善良的 我必須堅(jiān)持我的理想。 也許在將來(lái)的某一天我的理想會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)。 我完全不可能把我的生活建立在混亂、苦難和死亡的基礎(chǔ)上。 我眼看著這世界正慢慢地變成荒野；我耳聽(tīng)著那逼近的雷霆，終有一天也會(huì)把我們摧毀；我感受著數(shù)百萬(wàn)人的苦難。 然而，仰望天空的時(shí)候，我不知為什么覺(jué)得一切都將變好，這殘酷的現(xiàn)實(shí)也將結(jié)束，和平和安寧將再度回歸 我必須捍衛(wèi)我的理想，因?yàn)橐苍S我能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)它們的時(shí)候就要到了?！?1944年7月15日 安妮寫(xiě)這些話，并非在展示簡(jiǎn)單幼稚的樂(lè)觀主義。 那是她的信念和人類(lèi)尊嚴(yán)權(quán)利的宣言。 它傳來(lái)的是一個(gè)孤獨(dú)少女

36、的聲音，她為自己寫(xiě)作，但同時(shí)也是所有無(wú)辜受邪惡迫害者的吶喊，他們的命運(yùn)就是在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間受難。 這就是安妮弗蘭克的日記被譽(yù)為猶太人大屠殺（其間有六百萬(wàn)猶太人被殺害）之聲的原因：她的話代表了全人類(lèi)的心聲。 1944年8月，他們的藏身處被突襲了，納粹官員逮捕了每一個(gè)人。 他們被帶往一個(gè)過(guò)渡性集中營(yíng)，被迫做苦工。 從那里，他們又被火車(chē)送往奧斯威辛。 一個(gè)月后，安妮和瑪戈被轉(zhuǎn)移到德國(guó)的貝爾根貝爾森集中營(yíng)。 她倆均于1945年3月死于斑疹傷寒和饑餓。 安妮弗蘭克時(shí)年15歲；她的姐姐19歲。 在躲藏的八個(gè)人中，唯一幸存者是奧托弗蘭克。他在戰(zhàn)后發(fā)現(xiàn)了女兒的日記，設(shè)法出版了它，以表彰她的勇氣。 當(dāng)安妮在

37、日記中寫(xiě)下“我希望你對(duì)我會(huì)是極大的支持和安慰”這句話時(shí)，她不可能知道，在她死后，她的文字也會(huì)是對(duì)全世界的支持和安慰。Remembrance Day1It is a cold and misty morning in late autumn. The leaves lie thick on the ground round the main square in the small town. A couple of hundred people are standing in front of a simple stone monument, the older ones soberly dre

38、ssed in overcoats, a few parents with small children in their arms. In the distance a bell tower chimes the hour: 11 oclock. It is the signal they have been waiting for. Heads are bowed respectfully, and no one moves. For two long minutes the only sound is the sound of leaves stirring in the breeze.

39、 And then a lone soldier in uniform takes up his trumpet and begins to play the slow sad notes of the Last Post, and the national flag is raised: the red and white stripes and maple leaf of Canada. 2This is Canada, but similar scenes can be witnessed in many parts of the world at the same time. It i

40、s on or around 11 November: Remembrance Day in Canada, the UK and Australia, Veterans Day in the US, Armistice Day in France. The name changes, but the significance does not. The 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month marks the end of the First World War, still known today, in spite of the many

41、 international conflicts which have followed, as the Great War. It is the moment when countries involved in the conflict remember all their war deadand not just the victims of the First World War. 3More than half a million Canadians fought in Europe during the Great War, and 65,000 of them lost their lives. Many of them died in Flanders (Belgium) where some of the fiercest fighting took place. In May 1915, one of them, an army doctor called John MacRae, tried