1、1高考英語(yǔ)專題復(fù)習(xí)高考英語(yǔ)專題復(fù)習(xí)-完形填空解題技巧指導(dǎo)完形填空解題技巧指導(dǎo) By Chen Guishan By Chen Guishan2Funny Time A drunk guy approaches a cute girl in a singles bar. Hi Babe, how about a date? He says. Dont waste your time. I never go out with a perfect stranger. It seems we are both in luck. Im far from perfect.在這個(gè)笑話里，美女口中指在這個(gè)笑話

2、里，美女口中指“complete（完全的）完全的）”，醉漢的理解則是醉漢的理解則是“flawless（完美的）完美的）”。3【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】：【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】： 1. 熟練運(yùn)用所學(xué)詞匯，并學(xué)會(huì)充分利用熟練運(yùn)用所學(xué)詞匯，并學(xué)會(huì)充分利用上下文語(yǔ)境上下文語(yǔ)境所提供的線索進(jìn)行選擇。所提供的線索進(jìn)行選擇。2. 通過(guò)限時(shí)訓(xùn)練，學(xué)會(huì)整體歸納、總結(jié)通過(guò)限時(shí)訓(xùn)練，學(xué)會(huì)整體歸納、總結(jié)提煉的方法。提煉的方法。3. 全力以赴投入學(xué)習(xí)，培養(yǎng)積極的人生全力以赴投入學(xué)習(xí)，培養(yǎng)積極的人生態(tài)度。態(tài)度。4一、考綱要求與說(shuō)明一、考綱要求與說(shuō)明 完形填空題型考查考生語(yǔ)篇中靈活運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言知識(shí)完形填空題型考查考生語(yǔ)篇中靈活運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的能力。這種

3、題型既可以測(cè)試詞匯、句法等語(yǔ)言方面的能力。這種題型既可以測(cè)試詞匯、句法等語(yǔ)言方面的知識(shí)，又可以考查學(xué)生的理解、聯(lián)想、判斷、推理的知識(shí)，又可以考查學(xué)生的理解、聯(lián)想、判斷、推理等方面的思維能力，具有較強(qiáng)的區(qū)分度，對(duì)考生的能等方面的思維能力，具有較強(qiáng)的區(qū)分度，對(duì)考生的能力要求較高力要求較高 。二、完形填空的命題原理二、完形填空的命題原理 一篇文章有其主題思想，篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，行文邏輯關(guān)一篇文章有其主題思想，篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，行文邏輯關(guān)系及語(yǔ)言特色，即使挖去一些詞語(yǔ)，仍可通過(guò)對(duì)剩余系及語(yǔ)言特色，即使挖去一些詞語(yǔ)，仍可通過(guò)對(duì)剩余部分的內(nèi)容所作的分析與判斷，準(zhǔn)確推知空去的詞語(yǔ)。部分的內(nèi)容所作的分析與判斷，準(zhǔn)確推知空去的

4、詞語(yǔ)。 5詞匯題詞匯題高考完形填空高考完形填空考什么？考什么？篇章結(jié)構(gòu)篇章結(jié)構(gòu)(語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)境) 句際關(guān)系句際關(guān)系64.4.大多富有大多富有積極的教育意義積極的教育意義，給人以人生，給人以人生的的啟迪啟迪或是充滿了生活情趣；或是充滿了生活情趣；7細(xì)讀文章的第一句話細(xì)讀文章的第一句話 高考完形填空選文的第一句話通常是高考完形填空選文的第一句話通常是完整的。該句往往就是主題句完整的。該句往往就是主題句（Topic Topic SentenceSentence），這就為我們理解文章的內(nèi)），這就為我們理解文章的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系提供了一個(gè)在聯(lián)系提供了一個(gè)“窗口窗口”，它的句意，它的句意往往為往往為全文提供中心信息全文

5、提供中心信息，能直接概括，能直接概括全文大意、揭示主題。全文大意、揭示主題。 充分重視首句的標(biāo)示作用，利用它為充分重視首句的標(biāo)示作用，利用它為解題找到一個(gè)突破口，據(jù)此展開思維，解題找到一個(gè)突破口，據(jù)此展開思維，爭(zhēng)取開局勝利爭(zhēng)取開局勝利。8例：例： On April 12, 1888, Alfreds brother Ludwig died of heart attack. A major French newspaper 21 his brother for him and carried an article 22 the death of Alfred Nobel. 2009年廣東高考年廣

6、東高考9例如：例如： 2010廣東高考廣東高考 Every country has its own culture. Even though each country uses doors，doors may have 21 functions and purposes which lead to 22 differences.10( (一一) )上下求索上下求索尋信息尋信息 因?yàn)榇鸢感畔Ⅻc(diǎn)有的在空格前，有的在空格因?yàn)榇鸢感畔Ⅻc(diǎn)有的在空格前，有的在空格后，有的在前文和后文都有出現(xiàn)，需要綜合考慮后，有的在前文和后文都有出現(xiàn)，需要綜合考慮或相互印證。有時(shí)，還要根據(jù)上、下文提供的信或相互印證。有時(shí)，

7、還要根據(jù)上、下文提供的信息，結(jié)合常識(shí)，進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)倪壿嬐评?，才可得出息，結(jié)合常識(shí)，進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)倪壿嬐评?，才可得出正確答案。不管題目有多難，都一定能在上下文正確答案。不管題目有多難，都一定能在上下文中找到線索。中找到線索。 根據(jù)上述對(duì)廣東高考完形填空的命題研究根據(jù)上述對(duì)廣東高考完形填空的命題研究, 我我們歸納了以下一些解題方法：們歸納了以下一些解題方法：11例例1 (2013廣東廣東)The number sense is not the ability to count, but the ability to recognize a 1 in number. Human beings are bo

8、rn with this ability. experiments show that many animals are, too. For example, If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not . However, if you remove two, the birdleaves. This means that the bird knows the 5 between two and three. 1. A. rise B. pattern C. change D. trend5. A. distan

9、ce B. range C. difference D. interval12 答題時(shí)答題時(shí), , 眼睛不能只盯在空格上或眼睛不能只盯在空格上或只盯在空格所在的這一個(gè)句子上只盯在空格所在的這一個(gè)句子上, , 一定一定要要“左顧右盼左顧右盼”, , 弄清前后的習(xí)慣搭配弄清前后的習(xí)慣搭配或句式結(jié)構(gòu)。注意或句式結(jié)構(gòu)。注意, , 常常不止一個(gè)選項(xiàng)常常不止一個(gè)選項(xiàng)前后可以構(gòu)成搭配關(guān)系前后可以構(gòu)成搭配關(guān)系, , 這時(shí)需要根據(jù)這時(shí)需要根據(jù)上下文的意思來(lái)定奪。上下文的意思來(lái)定奪。2. 2. 左顧右盼左顧右盼找搭配找搭配13解析：解析：根據(jù)動(dòng)賓搭配根據(jù)動(dòng)賓搭配, 在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中, 能與名詞能與名詞th

10、e Nobel prizes(諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)諾貝爾獎(jiǎng))搭配的搭配的, 只有只有establish (設(shè)立設(shè)立), 即即“設(shè)立諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)設(shè)立諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)”。用他的大部分錢。用他的大部分錢去去“構(gòu)成構(gòu)成/開發(fā)開發(fā)/促進(jìn)促進(jìn)”諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)諾貝爾獎(jiǎng), 是講不通的。是講不通的。例例2 Nobel arranged in his will to give the largest part of his money to 28 the Nobel prizes, which would be awarded to people who.A. establish B. form C. develop D. promote14

11、 有時(shí)有時(shí), , 若單獨(dú)看空格處或空格所若單獨(dú)看空格處或空格所在句在句, ,其中兩個(gè)、三個(gè)甚至四個(gè)選項(xiàng)其中兩個(gè)、三個(gè)甚至四個(gè)選項(xiàng)填入格中都不錯(cuò)填入格中都不錯(cuò), , 句子也通順句子也通順, , 但結(jié)但結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容來(lái)理解合全文內(nèi)容來(lái)理解, , 就只有一個(gè)是最就只有一個(gè)是最佳答案了。因此佳答案了。因此, , 選擇答案時(shí)選擇答案時(shí), , 一定一定要考慮到此選項(xiàng)不但在本句中合符語(yǔ)要考慮到此選項(xiàng)不但在本句中合符語(yǔ)境境, , 而且要在全文中也講得通而且要在全文中也講得通, , 即貫即貫通全文。通全文。3. 3. 思前想后思前想后通全文通全文15例例3 Alfred Nobel became a millio

12、naire and changed the ways of mining, construction, and warfare as the inventor of dynamite (炸藥炸藥).the article read. “Dr. Alfred Nobel, who became_ by finding ways to kill more people faster than ever before, died yesterday.” .Nobel arranged in his will to give the largest part of his money to.A. fa

13、mous B. sick C. rich D. popular解析：解析：若單獨(dú)看空前的若單獨(dú)看空前的became, 填四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都沒填四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都沒有語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤有語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤, 但是由前文中的但是由前文中的became a millionaire和后文和后文give the largest part of his money可知可知, rich為最佳答案為最佳答案, 故選故選C。16( (一一) )通讀全文，理解大意通讀全文，理解大意 重視首句信息重視首句信息, ,跳過(guò)空格跳過(guò)空格, ,瀏瀏覽全文覽全文, ,從整體上感知全文從整體上感知全文, ,理解理解短文大意短文大意, ,這是解題的基礎(chǔ)。這一這是解

14、題的基礎(chǔ)。這一步非常重要步非常重要, ,萬(wàn)萬(wàn)不可忽視。萬(wàn)萬(wàn)不可忽視。1-2mins17( (二二) )瞻前顧后，初選答案瞻前顧后，初選答案 在理解短文大意的情況下，結(jié)合各選項(xiàng)的意在理解短文大意的情況下，結(jié)合各選項(xiàng)的意義和用法，與前后詞語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣搭配，特別是義和用法，與前后詞語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣搭配，特別是上下上下文語(yǔ)境文語(yǔ)境選擇選擇( (上下文語(yǔ)境包括選擇項(xiàng)與所在句子上下文語(yǔ)境包括選擇項(xiàng)與所在句子中的語(yǔ)義聯(lián)系，所在句與周圍句群的關(guān)系，所在中的語(yǔ)義聯(lián)系，所在句與周圍句群的關(guān)系，所在句在本段中所起的作用，所在句在整篇短文中所句在本段中所起的作用，所在句在整篇短文中所起的作用以及與文章主題思想的關(guān)系等起的作用以及

15、與文章主題思想的關(guān)系等) )?？梢??？梢韵冉鉀Q那些自己有把握的題，對(duì)少數(shù)難題，暫時(shí)先解決那些自己有把握的題，對(duì)少數(shù)難題，暫時(shí)跳過(guò)，在上文中難以判斷的題或許在下文中就有跳過(guò)，在上文中難以判斷的題或許在下文中就有暗示或者明顯的提示了，一個(gè)在前面不能解答的暗示或者明顯的提示了，一個(gè)在前面不能解答的題或許在填出了另一空后會(huì)令你豁然開朗。題或許在填出了另一空后會(huì)令你豁然開朗。 7-8mins18( (三三) )復(fù)讀全文，解決殘敵復(fù)讀全文，解決殘敵 將有把握的答案填入空格處，借助已將有把握的答案填入空格處，借助已經(jīng)補(bǔ)全的空格，我們對(duì)全文有了更清楚的經(jīng)補(bǔ)全的空格，我們對(duì)全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解決所遺

16、留的個(gè)別難題。理解，可以集中解決所遺留的個(gè)別難題。 1-2mins( (四四) )再次復(fù)讀，彌補(bǔ)疏漏再次復(fù)讀，彌補(bǔ)疏漏 全部做好后，考生務(wù)必要結(jié)合自己選全部做好后，考生務(wù)必要結(jié)合自己選擇的答案擇的答案( (建議將答案填入空格處建議將答案填入空格處) )重新閱重新閱讀短文內(nèi)容，確保全文文意連貫。讀短文內(nèi)容，確保全文文意連貫。 檢查答案是否檢查答案是否符合邏輯符合邏輯,符合作者意圖符合作者意圖,符符合語(yǔ)法慣用法合語(yǔ)法慣用法,確保流暢。確保流暢。1-2mins19 根據(jù)廣東高考完形填空題的特點(diǎn)根據(jù)廣東高考完形填空題的特點(diǎn), ,只要了解上述三個(gè)原則只要了解上述三個(gè)原則, ,遵循四個(gè)步遵循四個(gè)步驟驟,

17、,靈活運(yùn)用以下五個(gè)技巧靈活運(yùn)用以下五個(gè)技巧, ,任何完形任何完形難題都可得到順利解決。希望同學(xué)們難題都可得到順利解決。希望同學(xué)們一定要理解、掌握以下五個(gè)技巧。一定要理解、掌握以下五個(gè)技巧。20 某些語(yǔ)義相關(guān)聯(lián)的詞語(yǔ)在語(yǔ)篇中共同某些語(yǔ)義相關(guān)聯(lián)的詞語(yǔ)在語(yǔ)篇中共同出現(xiàn)的傾向性，叫詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)出現(xiàn)的傾向性，叫詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn), ,也有人稱之為也有人稱之為“詞場(chǎng)詞場(chǎng)”。同現(xiàn)詞之間有反義或相對(duì)關(guān)系。同現(xiàn)詞之間有反義或相對(duì)關(guān)系, ,或者同類互補(bǔ)關(guān)系等或者同類互補(bǔ)關(guān)系等, ,如如different與與same; cruel與與friendly; death (死亡死亡) 與與destruction (毀滅毀滅); ill

18、與與pale, patient, nurse, doctor, operation等。等。( (一一) )詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)21 一個(gè)語(yǔ)篇往往會(huì)圍繞著某一主題或話題，與一個(gè)語(yǔ)篇往往會(huì)圍繞著某一主題或話題，與此相關(guān)的詞就可能會(huì)共同出現(xiàn)，以實(shí)現(xiàn)語(yǔ)篇銜接。此相關(guān)的詞就可能會(huì)共同出現(xiàn)，以實(shí)現(xiàn)語(yǔ)篇銜接。如如20112011年廣東高考完形填空的短文，是圍繞年廣東高考完形填空的短文，是圍繞“把把優(yōu)生從普通班里分離出去會(huì)帶來(lái)嚴(yán)重問(wèn)題優(yōu)生從普通班里分離出去會(huì)帶來(lái)嚴(yán)重問(wèn)題”這一這一主題展開的，涉及這一主題的可能有主題展開的，涉及這一主題的可能有“普通班普通班” “特殊班特殊班” “優(yōu)生優(yōu)生” “普通生普通生”，以及

19、，以及“學(xué)校學(xué)?！?“老師老師” “學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)”等等，因此等等，因此, special, gifted, intelligent, top, regular，average，school，classes，teachers， children，learning這些相互關(guān)聯(lián)的詞語(yǔ)這些相互關(guān)聯(lián)的詞語(yǔ)就很可能會(huì)同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在語(yǔ)篇之中。就很可能會(huì)同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在語(yǔ)篇之中。 了解詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)了解詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn), , 對(duì)正確解答完形填空題很有對(duì)正確解答完形填空題很有幫助。請(qǐng)運(yùn)用詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)的技巧，解答以下高考真幫助。請(qǐng)運(yùn)用詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)的技巧，解答以下高考真題，并說(shuō)明正確選項(xiàng)與哪些詞同現(xiàn)。題，并說(shuō)明正確選項(xiàng)與哪些詞同現(xiàn)。221. (201

20、3廣東廣東)A man was trying to take a photo of a crow (烏鴉烏鴉) that has a nest in a tower, but the crow always left when she saw him coming. The bird did not _ until the man left the tower.A. relax B. recover C. react D. returnD 與與left (離開離開)相對(duì)同現(xiàn)的應(yīng)是相對(duì)同現(xiàn)的應(yīng)是return (回回來(lái)來(lái))，故選，故選D。“放松放松”“”“恢復(fù)恢復(fù)”“”“起反應(yīng)起反應(yīng)”與語(yǔ)境不符。

21、與語(yǔ)境不符。233. (2012廣東廣東)For example, they may believe that people should always tell the truth, and that lying is _ acceptable.A. seldom B. rarely C. merely D. neverD believe后的后的thatand that是兩個(gè)并列是兩個(gè)并列的賓語(yǔ)從句的賓語(yǔ)從句, 表達(dá)的觀點(diǎn)應(yīng)前后一致。其中表達(dá)的觀點(diǎn)應(yīng)前后一致。其中, tell the truth與與lying相對(duì)相對(duì), 而與而與always相對(duì)的相對(duì)的應(yīng)是應(yīng)是never。always與與ne

22、ver是反義同現(xiàn)。是反義同現(xiàn)。244. (2012廣東廣東) Some people choose not to eat meat because they believe that it is _to eat animals, but others argue that they can eat meat and still be kind to animalsA. awful B. cruel C. unhealthy D. unnecessaryB 由由but可知，應(yīng)選與下文中可知，應(yīng)選與下文中kind相對(duì)的相對(duì)的cruel。kind與與cruel是反義同現(xiàn)。是反義同現(xiàn)。25 詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)是

23、指某一個(gè)詞以原詞或同義詞等詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)是指某一個(gè)詞以原詞或同義詞等方式在同一語(yǔ)篇中方式在同一語(yǔ)篇中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)重復(fù)出現(xiàn)。語(yǔ)篇中的句子通。語(yǔ)篇中的句子通過(guò)復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系達(dá)到相互銜接的目的。過(guò)復(fù)現(xiàn)關(guān)系達(dá)到相互銜接的目的。 詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)又可分為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同源詞復(fù)現(xiàn)詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)又可分為原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同源詞復(fù)現(xiàn)( (又叫同根詞復(fù)現(xiàn)又叫同根詞復(fù)現(xiàn)) )、同義或近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同義或近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)( (包括與包括與近義詞的同根詞復(fù)現(xiàn)近義詞的同根詞復(fù)現(xiàn), , 如如ill與與sickness) )、上下義、上下義復(fù)現(xiàn)復(fù)現(xiàn)( (即總括與分述即總括與分述, , 如如animal是是sheep, tiger, wolf等的上義詞；等的上義詞；rose

24、是是flower的下義詞的下義詞) )、反義、反義復(fù)現(xiàn)復(fù)現(xiàn)（如如wrong與與right）等。）等。( (二二) )詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)262. (2013廣東廣東) He took another man with him to the tower. One man left and the other stayed, but they did not _ the birdIt was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were able to fool the crow.A. fool B.

25、hurt C. catch D. killA 由由but可知，他們并沒能可知，他們并沒能“欺騙欺騙”那只烏鴉。那只烏鴉。與下文與下文fool the crow中的中的fool是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。275. (2013廣東廣東)The number sense is not the ability to count, but the ability to recognize a change in number It seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in this world an

26、d that our human _ is not much better than a crows. A. sightB. nature C. ability D. beliefC 由文章的首段或首句可知，本文在講到人具有由文章的首段或首句可知，本文在講到人具有數(shù)字感的同時(shí)，重點(diǎn)是講動(dòng)物的數(shù)字感，即有辨數(shù)字感的同時(shí)，重點(diǎn)是講動(dòng)物的數(shù)字感，即有辨別數(shù)字變化的別數(shù)字變化的“能力能力”。ability是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。是原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。28 根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系來(lái)推斷正確答根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系來(lái)推斷正確答案案, ,邏輯關(guān)系包括因果關(guān)系、對(duì)比關(guān)系、并邏輯關(guān)系包括因果關(guān)系、對(duì)比關(guān)系、并列關(guān)系、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、讓步關(guān)系、

27、遞進(jìn)關(guān)系、列關(guān)系、轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、讓步關(guān)系、遞進(jìn)關(guān)系、條件與結(jié)果的關(guān)系等。從七年來(lái)的廣東高條件與結(jié)果的關(guān)系等。從七年來(lái)的廣東高考完形填空題來(lái)看考完形填空題來(lái)看, ,最多的是利用因果關(guān)系最多的是利用因果關(guān)系來(lái)推斷正確答案。來(lái)推斷正確答案。 請(qǐng)運(yùn)用邏輯推斷請(qǐng)運(yùn)用邏輯推斷, ,解答以下試題解答以下試題, , 并并指出正確選項(xiàng)是根據(jù)什么邏輯關(guān)系推斷出指出正確選項(xiàng)是根據(jù)什么邏輯關(guān)系推斷出來(lái)的。來(lái)的。3. 3. 邏輯推理邏輯推理291. (2013廣東廣東)Human beings are born with this ability. _ , experiments show that many animal

28、s are, too. A. ImportantlyB. SurprisinglyC. DisappointedlyD. FortunatelyB 因因“實(shí)驗(yàn)表明許多動(dòng)物也跟人類一樣具有實(shí)驗(yàn)表明許多動(dòng)物也跟人類一樣具有這種能力這種能力”，這是，這是“令人驚訝的令人驚訝的”。其他選。其他選項(xiàng)項(xiàng)“重要地重要地”“”“失望地失望地”“”“幸運(yùn)地幸運(yùn)地”與上下與上下文內(nèi)容無(wú)聯(lián)系。文內(nèi)容無(wú)聯(lián)系。30A. interesting B. vital C. easy D. valuable3. (2012廣東廣東) If people follow rules without taking other mat

29、ters into consideration, it will be _ for them to form what is sometimes called a “black and white” view.C你你 由由“不考慮其他事情不考慮其他事情(without taking other matters into consideration)”，即全面地看問(wèn)題，即全面地看問(wèn)題，可推斷出，這種人很可推斷出，這種人很“容易容易”形成黑白觀形成黑白觀(非黑即非黑即白白)。(因果關(guān)系因果關(guān)系)31 將文段意思和我們?cè)械纳罱?jīng)驗(yàn)、文將文段意思和我們?cè)械纳罱?jīng)驗(yàn)、文化背景知識(shí)化背景知識(shí), ,以及

30、科普常識(shí)等結(jié)合起來(lái)以及科普常識(shí)等結(jié)合起來(lái), ,進(jìn)行進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單推理簡(jiǎn)單推理, ,從而得出正確答案。事實(shí)上從而得出正確答案。事實(shí)上, ,該技該技巧與巧與“邏輯推斷邏輯推斷”常常交織在一起的常常交織在一起的, ,因?yàn)橐驗(yàn)殡m有背景常識(shí)雖有背景常識(shí), ,仍需簡(jiǎn)單推理仍需簡(jiǎn)單推理; ;邏輯推理離不邏輯推理離不開背景常識(shí)。開背景常識(shí)。請(qǐng)運(yùn)用背景常識(shí)，進(jìn)行適當(dāng)推理，解答以下請(qǐng)運(yùn)用背景常識(shí)，進(jìn)行適當(dāng)推理，解答以下高考試題。高考試題。( (四四) )背景常識(shí)背景常識(shí)321. (2013廣東廣東)The number sense is not the ability to count, but the ability

31、 to recognize a _ in number. Human beings are born with this ability experiments show that many animals are, tooIf a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not notice. However, if you remove two, the bird generally leavesA. rise B. pattern C. changeD. trendC 根據(jù)常識(shí)，下文的根據(jù)常識(shí)，下文的remove one,

32、 remove two就是就是數(shù)字的數(shù)字的“變化變化”，故選，故選C。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)“上升上升” “樣式樣式” “趨勢(shì)趨勢(shì)”與文中內(nèi)容幾乎毫無(wú)關(guān)系。與文中內(nèi)容幾乎毫無(wú)關(guān)系。332. (2013廣東廣東)He took another man with him to the tower. One man left and the other stayed, but they did not fool the bird. The experiment was _ with three men, and then four men. ButA. reportedB. repeated C

33、. designedD. approvedB 該實(shí)驗(yàn)由一個(gè)人去接近那只烏鴉，然后帶一個(gè)該實(shí)驗(yàn)由一個(gè)人去接近那只烏鴉，然后帶一個(gè)人即一共兩個(gè)人去做這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)，接著三個(gè)人、四人即一共兩個(gè)人去做這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)，接著三個(gè)人、四個(gè)人去做這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)，根據(jù)常識(shí)，顯然是在個(gè)人去做這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)，根據(jù)常識(shí)，顯然是在“重復(fù)重復(fù)”做這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)。其他選項(xiàng)做這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)。其他選項(xiàng)“報(bào)告報(bào)告”“”“設(shè)計(jì)設(shè)計(jì)”“”“證明證明”均與語(yǔ)境不符。均與語(yǔ)境不符。34 主要指動(dòng)詞與介詞的搭配、動(dòng)賓主要指動(dòng)詞與介詞的搭配、動(dòng)賓搭配及句式搭配等。廣東高考完形填搭配及句式搭配等。廣東高考完形填空中主要考查動(dòng)賓搭配。能不能搭配空中主要考查動(dòng)賓搭配。能不能搭配,

34、, 除涉及詞語(yǔ)的用法外除涉及詞語(yǔ)的用法外, , 還需結(jié)合常識(shí)還需結(jié)合常識(shí)來(lái)判斷。來(lái)判斷。5. 5. 前后搭配前后搭配 請(qǐng)運(yùn)用前后搭配習(xí)慣請(qǐng)運(yùn)用前后搭配習(xí)慣, ,解答以下高解答以下高考試題?？荚囶}。351. (2009廣東廣東) On April 12, 1888, Alfreds brother Ludwig died of heart attack. A major French newspaper _his brother for him and. A. foundB. misunderstoodC. mistookD. judgedC 根據(jù)動(dòng)介搭配，能與后面的介詞根據(jù)動(dòng)介搭配，能與后面的

35、介詞for搭配搭配的，只有的，只有mistook。(注：這類題是極少考查注：這類題是極少考查的，五年僅此一題的，五年僅此一題)362. (2009廣東廣東) .Nobel arranged in his will to give the largest part of his money to _the Nobel prizes, .A. EstablishB. formC. DevelopD. promoteA 根據(jù)動(dòng)賓搭配，應(yīng)是根據(jù)動(dòng)賓搭配，應(yīng)是“設(shè)立諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)設(shè)立諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)”，即即establish the Nobel prizes。 37 完形填空中，有的題既可以用這種技巧解答，完形填空中

36、，有的題既可以用這種技巧解答，又可用那種技巧來(lái)解答，也有的可能要結(jié)合兩種又可用那種技巧來(lái)解答，也有的可能要結(jié)合兩種或多種技巧才能解答。其中，詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)、詞語(yǔ)同或多種技巧才能解答。其中，詞語(yǔ)復(fù)現(xiàn)、詞語(yǔ)同現(xiàn)和根據(jù)背景常識(shí)進(jìn)行邏輯推斷是最重要的三個(gè)現(xiàn)和根據(jù)背景常識(shí)進(jìn)行邏輯推斷是最重要的三個(gè)解題策略。解題策略。 完全可以這樣說(shuō)，只要你熟練掌握并能靈活完全可以這樣說(shuō)，只要你熟練掌握并能靈活運(yùn)用這五個(gè)技巧，廣東高考完形填空題，不再有運(yùn)用這五個(gè)技巧，廣東高考完形填空題，不再有難題。難題。 但是，所有的方法或技巧都是一種輔助作用，但是，所有的方法或技巧都是一種輔助作用，都必須建立在扎實(shí)的語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)之上。如果詞匯不

37、都必須建立在扎實(shí)的語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)之上。如果詞匯不過(guò)關(guān)，句子理不順，篇章意義不理解，任何方法過(guò)關(guān)，句子理不順，篇章意義不理解，任何方法或技巧都將無(wú)濟(jì)于事?；蚣记啥紝o(wú)濟(jì)于事。38注意注意上下文語(yǔ)境上下文語(yǔ)境了解了解常識(shí)背景常識(shí)背景掌握掌握習(xí)慣搭配習(xí)慣搭配運(yùn)用運(yùn)用詞義辨析詞義辨析運(yùn)用運(yùn)用語(yǔ)法分析語(yǔ)法分析運(yùn)用運(yùn)用邏輯分析邏輯分析運(yùn)用運(yùn)用排除法排除法解題過(guò)程中應(yīng)做到解題過(guò)程中應(yīng)做到39實(shí)實(shí) 戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn) 演演 練練40About a month ago, while in the drive through at Starbucks, I noticed a woman in a car behind me who

38、 appeared to be having a bad day. There were two kids in the back who seemed to have too much 1 at 8 am on a Sunday morning, because they were shouting loudly. The 2 moved slowly and at one point while I was pulling the car forward, the sad woman behind me 3 my car. I could tell this 4 her. The enti

39、re time that I waited in line for my coffee this woman didnt 5 .Looking back at her I could tell she was wondering “Why me? Why today?” When I 6 up and paid for my coffee I requested that the barista(咖啡吧員咖啡吧員) of Starbucks give the woman behind me a smile card and paid for her coffee.Just 30 minutes

40、 ago I was again 7 in line at Starbucks. I heard a slam of a car door but thought nothing of it. I was 8 when the same woman came up to my drivers side window. She 9 me a twenty-dollar bill and the same smile card I had given to her. She smiled and said, “These are for you. You are the 10 one who ga

41、ve these to me 11 , right? All I need you to do is ask the barista to give the 12 back to me.” It was amazing! It was as if this woman had been waiting to show her 13 for what I had done!When she got back into her 14 today she was all smiles. I could tell she had the same feeling as I had on that ea

42、rly Sunday morning. It was nice to have my coffee paid for, but what made me feel even better was seeing the happiness and smile on her face.As I pulled out of the drive-thru, she waved and yelled out, “Have a 15 day!” I yelled back “You too!” and waved her goodbye.41About a month ago, while in the

43、drive through at Starbucks, I noticed a woman in a car behind me who appeared to be having a bad day. There were two kids in the back who seemed to have too much 1 at 8 am on a Sunday morning, because they were shouting loudly. The 2 moved slowly and at one point while I was pulling the car forward,

44、 the sad woman behind me 3 my car. I could tell this 4 her. The entire time that I waited in line for my coffee this woman didnt 5 .Looking back at her I could tell she was wondering “Why me? Why today?” When I 6 up and paid for my coffee I requested that the barista(咖啡吧員咖啡吧員) of Starbucks give the

45、woman behind me a smile card and paid for her coffee.1A. force B. strength C. power D. energy2A. line B. time C. sun D. bus3A. knocked B. touched C. kicked D. watched4A. excited B. calmed C. worried D. entertained5A. apologize B. smile C. complain D. bother6A. pulled B. looked C. turned D. walked 42

46、Just 30 minutes ago I was again 7 in line at Starbucks. I heard a slam of a car door but thought nothing of it. I was 8 when the same woman came up to my drivers side window. She 9 me a twenty-dollar bill and the same smile card I had given to her. She smiled and said, “These are for you. You are th

47、e 10 one who gave these to me 11 , right? All I need you to do is ask the barista to give the 12 back to me.” It was amazing! It was as if this woman had been waiting to show her 13 for what I had done! 7A. standing B. waiting C. parking D. pacing8A. amused B. confused C. disappointed D. shocked9A.

48、handed B. owed C. presented D. asked10A. clever B. kind C. honest D. modest11A. privately B. secretly C. originally D. totally12A. card B. change C. bill D. coffee13A. consideration B. respect C. desire D. appreciation43When she got back into her 14 today she was all smiles. I could tell she had the

49、 same feeling as I had on that early Sunday morning. It was nice to have my coffee paid for, but what made me feel even better was seeing the happiness and smile on her face.As I pulled out of the drive-thru, she waved and yelled out, “Have a 15 day!” I yelled back “You too!” and waved her goodbye.1

50、4A. officeB. homeC. carD. room15A. freeB. quietC. regularD. good44 Once upon a time the colors of the world started to quarrel. Green said, Clearly I am the most important. I am the sign of life and hope. I was chosen for grass, trees and leaves. Without me, all animals would 36 . Blue interrupted,

51、You only think about the 37 , but consider the sky and the sea. 38 the water that is the basis of life and drawn up by the clouds from the deep seaWithout my peace, you would all be 39 . Yellow chuckled （笑道）（笑道）, You are all so serious. I bring laughter, fun, and _40_ into the world 36.A.stay B.leav

52、e C.go out D.die 37. A.earth B.moon C.star D.sun 38A.That is B.I am C.It is D.This is 39A.anything B.nothing C.something D.Everything40A.warmth B.sadness C.depression D.anxiety語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)境-詞義詞義語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)境-轉(zhuǎn)折轉(zhuǎn)折.對(duì)比對(duì)比.排除排除語(yǔ)法語(yǔ)法-強(qiáng)調(diào)句強(qiáng)調(diào)句語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)境-詞義詞義語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)境-同類并列同類并列45 Orange started next to blow her trumpet, I am the color of h

53、ealth and strength. I may be 41 , but I am precious for I serve the needs of human life. When I fill the sky 42 , my beauty is so striking that no one gives another 43 to any of you.” Red could stand it 44 and he shouted out, I am the ruler of all of you. I am the color of danger and of bravery. I a

54、m willing to 45 truth. I am also the color of passion and of love.41.A.usual B.normal C.common D.scarce42A.at midnight B.at noon or at night C.at sunrise or sunset D.during the day 43A.gift B.honor C.thought D.respect 44A.for more B.any more C.very much D.no longer45A.turn to B.fight for C.struggle

55、with D.bend over語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)境-轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)境-常識(shí)常識(shí)語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)境-搭配搭配語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)境-搭配搭配語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)境-詞義詞義gives another43 tocould stand it 4446 Then came Purple and Indigo （深藍(lán)）（深藍(lán)）. The colors went on boasting, each convinced of his or her own _46_. Their quarreling became louder and louder. Suddenly there was a startling flash of bright l

56、ightening thunder. Rain started to pour down _47_. The colors crouched(蜷縮蜷縮) down _48_, drawing close to one another for comfort. In the midst of the clamor （叫（叫嚷）嚷）, rain began to speak, “You foolish colors, fighting 49 yourselves, each trying to dominate（支配）（支配） 50 . 46A.superiority B.disadvantage

57、s C. reputation D.weakness 47.A.gently B.quietly C.violently D.peacefully 48A.with care B.in fear C.by chance D.on purpose49A.among B.by C.for D.against 50A.others B.themselves C.the other D.the rest語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)境-近義詞再現(xiàn)近義詞再現(xiàn)語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)境-詞義詞義.常識(shí)常識(shí)語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)境-詞義詞義語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)境-搭配搭配語(yǔ)境語(yǔ)境-詞義辨析詞義辨析47 Dont you know that you were each made for a special purpose, 51 ? Join hands with 52 and come to me. Doing as they were told, the colors 53 and joined hands. They formed a colorful rainbow. From then on, whenever a good