1、Unit 4Language StructureMain Teaching Points:1. Modal auxiliaries may/might used to express “possibility”eg. It may/might be fine tomorrow.2. Modal auxiliaries should/ ought to expressing “obligation”eg. He should/ought to get up early and take some exercise every day.3. Modal auxiliaries would rath

2、er expressing “preference”eg. I would rather do some reading.4. Modal auxiliaries must and cant used to express “strong probability” and “impossibility” respectivelyeg. He must be in the gym. / He cant be there.Useful Expressionsgo-mountain climbing be in good healthtake notice of be weak in / be po

3、or in suffer from sth. live transmission of sports eventsDialogue A Trip to ChinaA. Listening to the recordingB. Questions on specific detailsC. Broad questions:1. Describe the changes in Chinas rural areas, particularly in the coastal areas.2. What are the ways in which Chinese farmers get up-to-da

4、te information?3. Why college education important for modern farmers?4. Do you believe in “You get what you put in”?D. Language Points1. Fancy meeting you here.=Its a surprise to meet you here.2. world-renowned/ world-famous 世界聞名的eg. 1) Shanghai is a world-renowned cosmopolitan metropolis. 上海是國(guó)際知名的大

5、都會(huì)。 2）Tonight a solo concert will be given by a world-renowned singer in Shanghai gymnasium. 今晚一位世界著名的歌手在上海體育館舉辦個(gè)人演唱會(huì)。3. on and off/ off and on : not happening continuously or regularly斷斷續(xù)續(xù)地eg. 1) John has worked with Johnny on and of for 10 years. 斷斷續(xù)續(xù)共事了十年。 2）It rained on and off all day. 雨斷斷續(xù)續(xù)下了一

6、天。4. legacy: 遺產(chǎn)；遺留之物，后果eg. 1) Part of her legacy from her parents is a golden pocket watch.父母留給她的遺產(chǎn)中有一塊黃金懷表。 2）The masterpiece of Leonardo da vinci are invaluable cultural legacy of the Renaissance.達(dá).芬奇的的杰作是文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期寶貴的文化遺產(chǎn)。5. capture: v. 抓住，捕獲，奪取；（用畫(huà)面、音樂(lè)，文字等）捕捉，描繪；n. 捕獲，捕捉；俘虜，戰(zhàn)利品eg. 1) The police fina

7、lly captured the escaped convict after a two-week search.經(jīng)過(guò)兩周的搜捕，警方終于抓獲了逃犯。 2）Last night he met a charming woman at the party who captured his heart.昨晚他在聚會(huì)上遇到了一位讓他心動(dòng)的魅力女士。 3）These photographs capture the aftermath of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.這些照片捕捉了廣島和長(zhǎng)崎原子彈爆炸后的慘狀。 4）He hasnt eat

8、en anything since his capture.自從被俘后他沒(méi)有吃過(guò)任何東西。6. inexhaustible: 用不盡的，無(wú)窮盡的 eg. 1) The man seems to have an inexhaustible supply of energy. 2) To be frank, my patience is not inexhaustible.7. the tip of the iceberg: 重大問(wèn)題顯露的一小部分；冰山一角eg. 1) The reported cases of the water pollution are only the tip of th

9、e iceberg. 報(bào)道的水污染事件只是冰山一角。 2）Only the tip of the iceberg pokes up above the surface of the sea. 只有冰山的一角突出海平面。美國(guó)著名作家歐內(nèi)斯特.海明威（Ernest. Hemingway,1899-1961）提出過(guò)著名的“冰山原則”。他以“冰山”為喻，認(rèn)為作者只應(yīng)描寫(xiě)“冰山”露出水面的部分，水下的部分應(yīng)該通過(guò)本文的提示讓讀者去想象補(bǔ)充。海明威的寫(xiě)作風(fēng)格以惜墨如金且輕描淡寫(xiě)而著稱，對(duì)美國(guó)文學(xué)以及20世紀(jì)文學(xué)的發(fā)展有極為深遠(yuǎn)的影響。 8. authentic : true or geniue真正的，真實(shí)

10、的；that can be trusted, reliable可靠的，可信的 eg. 1) The authentic manuscript of the celebrated writer is exhibited in the museum.這位著名作家的手稿陳列在博物館里。 2）The police have obtained all the authentic details of the murder.警方已經(jīng)取得了有關(guān)那起謀殺案的所有可靠細(xì)節(jié)。 9. unparalleled a. bigger, better or worse than anything else無(wú)與倫比的，無(wú)雙

11、的（中性詞） eg. 1) He has made an achievement unparalleled in sporting history.他取得的成就在體育界無(wú)人能及。 2）This county is confronted with a financial crisis upparalleled since the 1930s. 這個(gè)國(guó)家面臨著20世紀(jì)30年代以來(lái)空前的經(jīng)融危機(jī)。10. take sth./sb. for granted (that) : 認(rèn)為是理所當(dāng)然的 eg. 1) I just took it for granted that hed always be ar

12、ound.我還想當(dāng)然的以為他總能隨叫隨到呢。 2）Her husband was always there, and she just took him for granted. 她丈夫隨時(shí)都在身邊，她認(rèn)為他理應(yīng)如此。11. prevailing a. 普遍的，流行的，盛行的 prevail v. eg. 1) The prevailing view seems to be that they will find her guity. 一般人的看法似乎認(rèn)為她會(huì)被判有罪。 the prevailing economic conditions 普遍的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況 the attitudes towar

13、ds science prevailing at the time 時(shí)下對(duì)科學(xué)的流行看法 2) Justice will prevail over tyranny. 正義必將戰(zhàn)勝暴虐。12. breathtaking: a. very exciting or impressive (usually in a pleasant way); very surprising激動(dòng)人心的，驚人的 eg. 1) The scene was one of the breathtaking beauty.美妙的景色寧人嘆為觀止。 2）He spoke with breathtaking arrogance.他

14、說(shuō)話時(shí)的傲慢態(tài)度令人乍舌。 a breathtaking view of the mountains 群山的壯麗景色 a breathtakingly expensive diamond 昂貴的驚人的鉆石E. Retelling1. Ted tells Bob about his trip to China.2. Ted introduces many world-famous places he has visited.3. Ted describes Xians terracotta warriors and horses.4. Ted describes Chinese food and

15、 cooking styles, the spicy-hot Sichuan dishes in particular.Reading 1 Human NeedsA. Listening to the recordingB. Questions on specific details1. Why is food a basic need?2. How can we avoid malnutrition？3. Why did primitive people eat only the food that could be grown near their homes?4. What is the

16、 difference between needs and wants?(Needs are something necessary to life, and wants are things that wed like to have.)5. How do we differ from primitive men in our food wants?6. Name three things that a modern house contains but an ancient palace did not？C. The structure of the passagePart 1 (para

17、.1-para.3) What is a basic human need?-food.Part 2 (para.4) clothing.Part 3 (para.5) shelter.D. Language Points1. do without: do sth.without sth. or sb.沒(méi)有某人或某物也可以做某事eg. 1) Man cannot do without water. 2) We ran out of surgar so youll have to do without.所以你得克服一下了。2. starve：suffer severely or die from

18、 hunger挨餓，餓死eg. 1) Thousands of people are starving in the poverty-stricken area.在貧困地區(qū)成千上萬(wàn)的人正在挨餓。2）What will we have for dinner? Im starving.3. malnutrition:營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良eg. 1) Children of this extremely poor country are suffering from chronic malnutrition.這個(gè)極度貧窮國(guó)家的兒童長(zhǎng)期處于營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良的狀態(tài)。 2）Infection of diseases is m

19、ore likely in people who are suffering from malnutrition.疾病更容易在營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良的人群中傳染。4. primitive: a. of an early stage of social development原始的，早期的；simple, old-fashioned, unsophisticated簡(jiǎn)陋的，粗糙的eg. primitive culture/customs/man/tribes/society/instinct原始本能1) He is engaged in the study of primitive weapons such

20、as bows, arrows and spears.他正在潛心研究弓箭、矛等原始武器。 2）The conditions are primitive and not sanitary according to modern standards.用現(xiàn)代的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)衡量，這里的條件簡(jiǎn)陋，不是那么衛(wèi)生。5. monotonous: a. not changing, boring單調(diào)的，乏味的；枯燥的，無(wú)聊的eg. 1) The audience could no longer bear his monotonous speech. 2) We must be patient enough to fini

21、sh some monotonous work from time to time.6. diet n. 日常食物；規(guī)定的食譜v. 為減輕體重而節(jié)食eg. 1) As a teenager, I dieted constantly.青少年時(shí)期，我經(jīng)常節(jié)食。 2）Poor diet is not good for you. 飲食不佳對(duì)你身體不好。 3）The doctor said that I have to go on a diet.醫(yī)生說(shuō)我必須節(jié)食。 a diet of sth. 多的令人生厭的事物 diet aids 食療 be/go on a diet 節(jié)食 a salty free

22、diet 無(wú)鹽食譜7. Preservation n. action of preserving保護(hù)，保存eg. 1) These cultural relics are in an excellent state of preservation. 這些文物保存得非常完好。 2）The aim of the policy is the preservation of world peace. 這一政策旨在維護(hù)世界和平。the preservation of environment/wildlife/food/works of art8. exotic a. 外國(guó)的，異域的；醒目的，奇異的eg.

23、 1) Lots of mangoes and other exotic fruits began to appear in the market. 2) Hundreds of people gathered in the streets on carnival,wearing exotic clothes.成百上千的人在狂歡節(jié)這一天身著奇異服裝聚集在街頭。9. regulate : v. 管理，控制；調(diào)校，校準(zhǔn)eg. 1) Strict rules must be imposed to regulate the use of food additives. 食品添加劑的使用必須依靠嚴(yán)格的法

24、規(guī)來(lái)管理。 2）An internal biological clock regulates the timing for sleep in humans. 人類體內(nèi)的生物鐘調(diào)節(jié)睡眠時(shí)間。 regulate ones conduct/expenditure/lifestyle/economy約束行為/限制消費(fèi)/節(jié)制生活方式/調(diào)控經(jīng)濟(jì) regulate a clock 校準(zhǔn)時(shí)鐘 regulate the traffic 管理交通traffic regulations 交通規(guī)則 rules and regulations 規(guī)章制度9. muffle : v. cover sb. or sth. for warmth or protection 包裹，覆蓋 make the sound less clear 抑制?。曇簦〆g. 1) Heavily muf