1、怎樣選擇變頻器怎樣選擇變頻器| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 2初選變頻器須考慮因素初選變頻器須考慮因素 電源電壓電源電壓 電機(jī)功率電機(jī)功率/額定電流額定電流 過載能力過載能力 160%或或110%| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 3| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 3

2、P=3UICOS根據(jù)電機(jī)功率選變頻器有時(shí)可能不正確根據(jù)電機(jī)功率選變頻器有時(shí)可能不正確功率相同，由于功率因素和效率不同導(dǎo)功率相同，由于功率因素和效率不同導(dǎo) 致電流各不相同致電流各不相同電流是選擇變頻器的主要指標(biāo)電流是選擇變頻器的主要指標(biāo)| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 4| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 4電機(jī)負(fù)載電機(jī)負(fù)載根據(jù)電機(jī)負(fù)載情況確定變頻器容量根據(jù)電機(jī)負(fù)載情況確定變頻器容

3、量輕載輕載滿載滿載重載重載| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 5變頻器功率和電流的關(guān)系變頻器功率和電流的關(guān)系| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 6根據(jù)電流選擇變頻器的原則根據(jù)電流選擇變頻器的原則按電機(jī)最大負(fù)載電流選擇變頻器按電機(jī)最大負(fù)載電流選擇變頻器變頻器的額定電流變頻器的額定電流IVLT,N必須大于等于必須大于等于電機(jī)最大負(fù)載電流電機(jī)最大負(fù)載電流| Confidential/Pr

4、operty of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 7變頻器的雙容量選擇變頻器的雙容量選擇| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 8| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 8按照輸出軸功率按照輸出軸功率P選擇變頻器選擇變頻器不知道電機(jī)電流不知道電機(jī)電流也不知道視在功率也不知道視在功率S S=3UI知道輸出軸功率知道輸出軸功率P 按按

5、cos低值選取低值選取 選取結(jié)果可能偏大選取結(jié)果可能偏大| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 9| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 9變頻器降容變頻器降容過高的環(huán)境溫度過高的環(huán)境溫度 在海拔在海拔1000米以下米以下每升高每升高1C降低降低1%過高的海拔高度過高的海拔高度 工作溫度工作溫度 海拔海拔1000米以上每升高米以上每升高250米降低米降低1C 輸出電流輸出電流 海拔海拔10

6、00米以上每升高米以上每升高250米米 降低降低1%過高的開關(guān)頻率過高的開關(guān)頻率過長(zhǎng)的電纜長(zhǎng)度過長(zhǎng)的電纜長(zhǎng)度 非屏蔽線非屏蔽線300米，屏蔽線米，屏蔽線150米米| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 10| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 10變頻器溫度降容變頻器溫度降容開關(guān)頻率開關(guān)頻率5Khz開關(guān)頻率開關(guān)頻率3Khz| Confidential/Property of Danfos

7、s Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 11| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 11開關(guān)頻率降容開關(guān)頻率降容決定開關(guān)頻率的因素決定開關(guān)頻率的因素負(fù)載負(fù)載環(huán)境溫度環(huán)境溫度電源電壓電源電壓電纜長(zhǎng)度電纜長(zhǎng)度| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 12 按電機(jī)最大負(fù)載電流選擇變頻器按電機(jī)最大負(fù)載電流選擇變頻器 按電機(jī)實(shí)際運(yùn)行負(fù)載電流選擇變頻器按電機(jī)實(shí)際運(yùn)行

8、負(fù)載電流選擇變頻器 電機(jī)重載時(shí)，考慮動(dòng)態(tài)情況要加大一電機(jī)重載時(shí)，考慮動(dòng)態(tài)情況要加大一 檔檔 參照技術(shù)參數(shù)表選，參照技術(shù)參數(shù)表選，100%長(zhǎng)期運(yùn)行長(zhǎng)期運(yùn)行 160% 短時(shí)短時(shí) 根據(jù)環(huán)境，選擇保護(hù)等級(jí)根據(jù)環(huán)境，選擇保護(hù)等級(jí) 根據(jù)環(huán)境溫度考慮降容根據(jù)環(huán)境溫度考慮降容 根據(jù)海拔高度考慮降容根據(jù)海拔高度考慮降容選擇變頻器的考慮因素選擇變頻器的考慮因素| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 13多個(gè)電機(jī)并聯(lián)運(yùn)行情況下變頻器選擇多個(gè)電機(jī)并聯(lián)運(yùn)行情況下變頻器選擇變頻器電流等于各個(gè)變頻器電流等于各個(gè) 電機(jī)電流

9、之和電機(jī)電流之和同時(shí)啟動(dòng)同時(shí)啟動(dòng)分時(shí)啟動(dòng)分時(shí)啟動(dòng)| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 14A B C D E Not yet inthe budgetA1A1*A2*A3*B1B2C1C2B1B2C1C2A5D1D2E1D1D2E1F1F2F1F2FIP00 /ChassisIP20IP21 /Nema1IP54 /IP55 /IP66 /Nema12 C2及以下規(guī)格提供及以下規(guī)格提供IP55 僅僅A5, B1, B2, C1能提供能提供 IP66A2A3D3D4E2B3*B4*B5*C3

10、*C4*B3B4B5C3C4變頻器機(jī)柜的選擇變頻器機(jī)柜的選擇| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 15| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 15IP防護(hù)等級(jí)防護(hù)等級(jí)| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 16IP66 外形尺寸與 IP21和IP55相同 適于清洗。 結(jié)構(gòu)堅(jiān)固 安裝在支

11、架或墻面 防腐蝕涂層，無需增加昂貴的不銹鋼蓋板| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 17IP66 測(cè)試測(cè)試在丹麥工廠測(cè)試現(xiàn)場(chǎng) FC- IP6X 防塵測(cè)試防塵測(cè)試. . FC- IPX6 防水噴測(cè)試防水噴測(cè)試. .| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 18| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 20

12、22 | 18變頻器前端蓋變頻器前端蓋. . 未發(fā)未發(fā)現(xiàn)有水現(xiàn)有水變頻器電纜進(jìn)線處變頻器電纜進(jìn)線處IP66 測(cè)試測(cè)試測(cè)試后照片：控制部分，控制部分，LCPLCP| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 19ReliableKeeps you rocking and rocking and rocking 印刷線路板帶涂層印刷線路板帶涂層 針對(duì)惡劣環(huán)境 例如： 腐蝕氣體 抵御環(huán)境污染，潮濕和灰塵FC300全系列的產(chǎn)品都是帶涂層的，適合應(yīng)用于IEC721-3-3規(guī)定的3C2類環(huán)境標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 對(duì)于更惡劣

13、的應(yīng)用場(chǎng)合，F(xiàn)C300提供增強(qiáng)型的涂層，適合應(yīng)用于IEC721-3-3規(guī)定的3C3類環(huán)境標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 | Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 20| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 20IEC60721-3-3 A.3.3 C. 規(guī)定具有化學(xué)物質(zhì)的環(huán)境包括以下規(guī)定具有化學(xué)物質(zhì)的環(huán)境包括以下6個(gè)類別：個(gè)類別：3C1R 指運(yùn)行場(chǎng)所的環(huán)境處于非常嚴(yán)格的監(jiān)控，如：潔凈廠房。3C1L 除了3C1R規(guī)定

14、的場(chǎng)所，此類別還包括處于一般監(jiān)控下的環(huán)境3C1 除了3C1L規(guī)定的場(chǎng)所，此類別還包括沒有工業(yè)和現(xiàn)代交通廢氣污染的鄉(xiāng)村環(huán)境，以及在冬天時(shí)城市集中供熱產(chǎn)生的污染環(huán)境和沿海地區(qū)堿性潮濕的環(huán)境。3C2 除了3C1規(guī)定的場(chǎng)所，此類別還包括一般污染級(jí)別的場(chǎng)所，主要指工業(yè)活動(dòng)集中的城市環(huán)境，或具有很嚴(yán)重的現(xiàn)代交通污染環(huán)境3C3 除了3C2規(guī)定的場(chǎng)所, 此類別還包括非常接近含有化學(xué)腐蝕物質(zhì)的工業(yè)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，具有中度污染的環(huán)境3C4 除了3C3規(guī)定的場(chǎng)所, 此類別還包括處于時(shí)常含有高濃度化學(xué)腐蝕物質(zhì)的工業(yè)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)內(nèi)，具有高度污染的環(huán)境| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/

15、S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 21| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 21EMC EMC 指令指令Radiated EN61000-4-3 ( 801000MHz)Conducted emission EN55011 (0,15-30MHz)Radiated emission EN55011 (30 -1000MHz )Conducted RF-CM EN61000-4-6 (0,15-80MHz)發(fā)射/抗擾n電磁兼容性 (EMC)n 諧波規(guī)范在IEC 61xx

16、x-x-x中是EMC規(guī)范組的 一部分n 擾動(dòng)段/干涉段之間沒有嚴(yán)格界線n 諧波的幅值在低頻段是最高的n 我們需要了解整個(gè)頻率范圍, 某些治理諧波 設(shè)備的措施就是將麻煩從低頻段移向高頻 段Note: Only IEC norms is mentioned here! Others are sometime to be fulfilled| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 22| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, Ju

17、ne 03, 2022 | 22第一類環(huán)境第一類環(huán)境n 第一類環(huán)境定義為居住區(qū)域。n 這表明客戶的設(shè)備連接到公共低壓電源。| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 23| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 23第二類環(huán)境第二類環(huán)境n 第二類環(huán)境定義為工業(yè)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。n 這表明客戶有他們自己的變電站。| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | F

18、riday, June 03, 2022 | 24| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 24IEC61800-3 C1, C2 IEC61800-3 C1, C2 和和 C3C3的限制等級(jí)的限制等級(jí)1020304050607080901000平均平均 dBV30.010.01.00.15MHz130120110EN55011 A2EN55011 A2級(jí)級(jí)特殊應(yīng)用特殊應(yīng)用 ，電流大，電流大于于400A400AENEN5501155011 B B級(jí)級(jí)ENEN5501155011 A1 A1級(jí)級(jí)

19、第一類環(huán)境，第一類環(huán)境，C1C1類類第一類環(huán)境，第一類環(huán)境，C2C2類類第二類環(huán)境，第二類環(huán)境，C3C3類類第二類環(huán)境，第二類環(huán)境， C4C4類類| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 25| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 25傳導(dǎo)和輻射干擾發(fā)射傳導(dǎo)和輻射干擾發(fā)射n傳導(dǎo)干擾傳播:n頻率范圍:150 kHz - 30 MHzn用 RFI 濾波器與EN 55011 A1 和 B兼容.n

20、輻射干擾發(fā)射:n 頻率范圍:30 MHz - 1 GHzn用 RFI 濾波器與EN 55011 A1兼容.n安裝金屬外殼可得到10 dB的衰減與B兼容| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 26制動(dòng)功能制動(dòng)功能制動(dòng)的目的: 帶負(fù)載時(shí)能減速或保持某一個(gè)速度 通過受控的減速曲線停止一個(gè)負(fù)載 保持負(fù)載在某一個(gè)位置 在電源故障時(shí)避免事故| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 27| Confide

21、ntial/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 27制動(dòng)功能類型制動(dòng)功能類型n 動(dòng)態(tài)制動(dòng) (制動(dòng)電阻)n 夾持制動(dòng)n 交流制動(dòng)n 直流制動(dòng)n 過電壓控制n 能量再生制動(dòng) (有源前端 (AFE), REVCON) n 負(fù)載共享（共直流母線） | Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 28| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 20

22、22 | 28重要的相關(guān)參數(shù)重要的相關(guān)參數(shù):n 電機(jī)參數(shù)（1-2*）n 參數(shù)2-xx設(shè)定制動(dòng)功能（2-0*直流制動(dòng)，2-1*制動(dòng)能量功能）n 機(jī)械制動(dòng)繼電器功能（2-2*）n 限制功能，速度和轉(zhuǎn)矩（4-1*電動(dòng)機(jī)極限）n 速度PID參數(shù)（7-0*速度PID控制器）| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 29| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 29動(dòng)態(tài)制動(dòng)動(dòng)態(tài)制動(dòng)制動(dòng)的目的：保持直流電壓

23、不超過一個(gè)特定的值。 控制一個(gè)高慣量的負(fù)載 完成一個(gè)受控制的制動(dòng) 將負(fù)載轉(zhuǎn)換到夾持制動(dòng)| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 30| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 30動(dòng)態(tài)制動(dòng)需要的器件動(dòng)態(tài)制動(dòng)需要的器件內(nèi)置在變頻器內(nèi)的制動(dòng)單元制動(dòng)電阻(夾持制動(dòng)) | Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 202

24、2 | 31| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 31制動(dòng)單元制動(dòng)單元| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 32| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 32工作周期工作周期工作周期= tb/TT=周期時(shí)間 （秒）tb 一個(gè)周期時(shí)間內(nèi)的制動(dòng)時(shí)間（秒）| Confidential/Pro

25、perty of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 33| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 33工作周期工作周期| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 34| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 34制動(dòng)電阻的計(jì)算制動(dòng)電阻的計(jì)算

26、n 功率計(jì)算 VLTmotorBrakemotorPeakMPP%10% 工作周期 40%工作周期PWattPpeakx10%avg WattPavgPpeakx40% motorVLT %BrakeM：最高制動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)矩：電機(jī)效率，通常是0.90：變頻器效率，通常是0.98| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 35| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 35制動(dòng)電阻的計(jì)算制動(dòng)電阻的計(jì)算n 阻

27、值計(jì)算VLTmotorBrakemotordcpeakdcbr%MPUPUR22| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 36| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 36推薦的電阻值推薦的電阻值| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 37| Confidential/Property of

28、 Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 37采用制動(dòng)電阻的控制線路設(shè)計(jì)采用制動(dòng)電阻的控制線路設(shè)計(jì)| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 38能量再生制動(dòng)能量再生制動(dòng)n 多用于大功率變頻器應(yīng)用n 已經(jīng)在阿聯(lián)酋迪拜的港口集裝箱吊機(jī)上使用n 價(jià)格較高n 僅自110 kW 開始可以提供。n 同時(shí)還能大大降低諧波電流AFE- 能量反饋制動(dòng)裝置VLT DriveAFE| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A

29、/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 39REVCONREVCON回饋單元回饋單元 SVCSVC 功率范圍：11-350kW電壓等級(jí)：400，500，690V能并聯(lián)使用實(shí)現(xiàn)更大功率的能量反饋| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 40| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 40 PE ControllerFU REVCON SVC.(type) (choke-inclu

30、ded) radio inter- ference filter L1 L2 L3 M 3 PE U V W + + - - L1 L2 L3 PE L11 N control 7 8 9 10 11 12 X2 relay X2 2 1 4 3 Error operation +24 V + - ext. OFF ext. ON RESET ext. ON RESET 7 4 6 3 1 5 8 PE L1 N L2 L3 230V L1 N V W U SKS-module 2 5 REVCON回饋單元回饋單元 SVC | Confidential/Property of Danfoss

31、Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 41| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 41共直流母線共直流母線| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 42| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 42變頻器的副作用影響解決方案輸入端諧波電流泄漏AHF線性濾波

32、器（FC51）變頻器DC過電壓EMC制動(dòng)電阻負(fù)載共享線圈 輸出端絕緣壓力 EMC噪音電流泄漏du/dt 濾波器正弦波濾波器| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 43| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 43輸出端的副作用VLT 產(chǎn)生 du/dt共模電壓IGBT開關(guān)共模電壓雙脈沖振鈴電機(jī)絕緣壓力高頻CM噪音電流泄漏軸承電流| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 44| Confidential/Property of Danfoss Drives A/S | Friday, June 03, 2022 | 44電機(jī)側(cè)問題電機(jī)側(cè)問題高高du/dt, 長(zhǎng)電機(jī)電纜帶來的問題長(zhǎng)電機(jī)電纜帶來的問題變頻器過流變頻器過流, 或