1、- -七年級(jí)至九年級(jí)全程英語(yǔ)學(xué)問(wèn)點(diǎn)總結(jié)及練習(xí)資料大全初一年級(jí)上【學(xué)問(wèn)梳理】i. 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1. sit down 2. on duty 3. in english 4. have a seat 5. at home 6. look like - . word.zl- -7. look at 8. have a look 9. e on 10. at work 11. at school 12. put on 13. look after 14. get up 15. go shopping ii. 重要句型1. help sb. do sth. - . word.zl- -2. what abo

2、ut3. lets do sth. 4. its time to do sth. 5. its time for 6. whats it is / its 7. where is its .8. how old are you im .9. what class are you in im in .10. wele to .11. whats plus its .- . word.zl- -12. i think13. whos this this is .14. what can you see i can see .15. there is are .16. what colour is

3、it are they its theyre 17. whose is this its .18. what time is it its .iii. 交際用語(yǔ)1. good morning, miss/mr .2. hello. hi. 3. nice to meet you. nice to meet you, too. - . word.zl- -4. how are you im fine, thank you/thanks. and you 5. see you. see you later. 6. thank you. youre wele. 7. goodbye. bye. 8.

4、 whats your name my name is .9. here you are. this way, please. 10. whos on duty today 11. lets do. 12. let me see. iv. 重要語(yǔ)法1. 動(dòng)詞 be 的用法；- . word.zl- -2. 人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法；3. 名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)和全部格的用法；4. 冠詞的根本用法；5. there be句型的用法；【名師講解】/on 在表示空間位置時(shí),in 表示在某個(gè)空間的圍以,on 表示在某一個(gè)物體的外表之上；例如：there is a bird in the tree. 樹(shù)上有只鳥(niǎo)；

5、 there is a picture on the wall. 墻上有圖；2. this/that/these/those 1this 常常用來(lái)指在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)上更接近講話人的人和事,- . word.zl- -these是 this 的復(fù)數(shù)形式； that 常常用來(lái)指在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)上離講話人更遠(yuǎn)一點(diǎn)的人和事,those 時(shí) that 的復(fù)數(shù)形式；例如：you look in this box and i ll look in that one over there.你看看這 個(gè)盒子,我去看那邊的那個(gè)盒子；i want this car, not that car. 我想要這輛小汽車,不是那一輛

6、；take these books to his room, please. 請(qǐng)把這些書(shū)拿到他房間 去；this is mine; thats yours. 這個(gè)是我的,那個(gè)是你的；these are apples; those are oranges. 這些是蘋(píng)果,那些是橘子；2在打的用語(yǔ)中,this 常常指的是我,that 常常指的是對(duì)方；例如：this is mary speaking. who3. there be/ have s that 我是瑪麗；你是誰(shuí)there be “ 有,其準(zhǔn)確含意為某處或某時(shí)存在某人或某- . word.zl- -物；其構(gòu)造是： there be + 某人

7、或某物+ 表示地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)； there be 后面的名詞實(shí)際上是主語(yǔ),be 動(dòng)詞的形式要和主語(yǔ)在數(shù)上保持一樣,be 動(dòng)詞后面的名詞是單數(shù)或不行數(shù)名詞時(shí)用is,名詞是復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)用are；例如： 1 there is a big bottle of coke on the table. 桌上有一大瓶子可樂(lè)；2 there is a doll in the box. 那個(gè)盒子里有個(gè)娃娃；3 there are many apples on the tree. 那樹(shù)上有很多蘋(píng)果；總之, there be 構(gòu)造強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一種客觀存在的有；have表示擁有,占有,具有,即：某人有某物 sb. have /

8、 has sth.；主語(yǔ)一般是名詞或代詞,與主語(yǔ)是所屬關(guān)系；例如：4 i have two brothers and one sister.我有兩個(gè)兄弟, 一個(gè)姐姐；5 that house has four rooms.那所房子有四個(gè)房間；4. look/ see/ watch 1look 表示“ 看、瞧,著重指仔細(xì)看,強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作,表示有意識(shí)地留意看,但不肯定看到,以提示對(duì)方留意；,如：- . word.zl- -look. the children are playing puter games. 瞧！孩子們?cè)谕骐娔X嬉戲；look. whats that over there 看！那邊那

9、個(gè)是什么單獨(dú)使用是不及物動(dòng)詞,如強(qiáng)調(diào)看某人/ 物,其后接介詞at,才能帶賓語(yǔ),如：hes looking at me；他正在看著我；2see強(qiáng)調(diào)“ 看的結(jié)果,著重的是look 這個(gè)動(dòng)作的結(jié)果,意思是“ 看到,see是及物動(dòng)詞,后面能直接跟賓語(yǔ)；如：what can you see in the picture 你能在圖上看到什么look at the blackboard. what did you see on it看黑板！你看到了什么3watch“ 觀看,凝視,側(cè)重于場(chǎng)面, 表示全神貫注地觀看、觀看或凝視某事務(wù)的活動(dòng),強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)程,常用于“ 看電視、看足球、看演出等；如：- . word.zl

10、- -yesterday we watched a football match on tv. 昨天我們從電視上 看了一場(chǎng)足球競(jìng)賽；4. put on/ / in put on 意為“ 穿上,戴上；主要指“ 穿上這一動(dòng)作 , 后 面接表示服裝、鞋帽的名詞；in 是介詞,表示“ 穿著強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)；在句中可以做定語(yǔ)、標(biāo) 語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)；如：its cold outside, put on your coat. 外面冷,穿上你的外衣；he puts on his hat and goes out. 他戴上帽子,走了出去；the woman in a white blouse is john 個(gè)婦女是 john

11、 的媽媽；5. house/ home/family s mother.穿白色襯衣的那house ：“ 房子,指居住的建筑物; home: “ 家,指一個(gè)- . word.zl- -人同家人共同常常居住的地方; family: “ 家庭“ ,“ 家庭成員；例如： please e to my house this afternoon. 今日下午請(qǐng)到我家來(lái)；he is not at home. 他不在家； my family all get up early. 我們?nèi)叶计鸬煤茉纾?. fine, nice, good, well 四者都可用作形容詞表示好之意,但前三者既可作表語(yǔ)又可作定語(yǔ),而后

12、者僅用作表語(yǔ)；主要區(qū)分在于：1 fine 指物時(shí)表示的是質(zhì)量上的精細(xì),形容人時(shí)表示的是身體安康,也可以用來(lái)指天氣晴朗；例如：your parents are very fine. 你父母身體很安康；that s a fine machine.那是一臺(tái)很好的機(jī)器its a fine day for a walk today.今日是漫步的好時(shí)候；2nice 主要側(cè)重于人或物的外表,有美好,美麗的意思,也可用于問(wèn)候或頌揚(yáng)別人；- . word.zl- -例如： lucy looks nice. 露西看上去很美麗；nice. 那些裙子很好看；these coats are very nice to m

13、eet you. 見(jiàn)到你很歡樂(lè)； it s very nice of you. 你真好；3good 形容人時(shí)指品德好,形容物時(shí)指質(zhì)量好,是表示人或物各方面都好的一般用語(yǔ)；例如：student. 她兒子是一個(gè)好同學(xué)；her son is a good the red car is very good. 那輛紅色小汽車很好；4well 只可用來(lái)形容人的身體好,但不能作定語(yǔ),它也能用作副詞作狀語(yǔ),多放在所修飾的動(dòng)詞之后；例如：im very well, thanks. 我身體很好,；my friends sing well. 我的伴侶們唱歌得好；【考點(diǎn)掃描】中考考點(diǎn)在本單元主要集中在：1. 動(dòng)詞 b

14、e 的用法；- . word.zl- -2. 人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法；3. 名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)和全部格的用法；4. 冠詞的根本用法；5. there be句型的用法；6. 本單元學(xué)過(guò)的詞匯、短語(yǔ)和句型；7. 本單元學(xué)過(guò)的日常交際用語(yǔ)；考試形式可以是單項(xiàng)填空、【中考例】1. 2022年市中考試題 完型填空、 短文填空、 完成句子； mary, please show _ your picture. a. my b. mine c. i d. me - . word.zl- -【解析】答案：d；該題考察的是人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法；此題中動(dòng)詞 show 后面跟雙賓語(yǔ),空白處應(yīng)填入人稱代詞的賓格 me

15、作賓語(yǔ)；2. 2022年市徐匯區(qū)中考試題 _ orange on the desk is for you, mike. a. a c. / d. the 【解析】答案：d；該題考察的是冠詞的根本用法；由于是特指課桌上的那個(gè)橘子,所以用定冠詞 the；3. 2022年市中考試題 -what _ the number of the girls in your class -about twenty. a. is b. am c. are d. be 【解析】 答案： a；該題考察的是動(dòng)詞be 的用法和主謂一樣；the number 作主語(yǔ),應(yīng)當(dāng)是單數(shù)第三人稱,動(dòng)詞 be 變?yōu)?is；- . wor

16、d.zl- -4. 2022年省中考試題 there _ a football match on tv this evening. a. will have b. is going to be c. has d. is going to have 【解析】答案： b；該題考察的是there be 句型和動(dòng)詞have用法區(qū)分；there be句型本身就表示“ 在某個(gè)地方存在某個(gè)人或物,不能和動(dòng)詞初一年級(jí)下【學(xué)問(wèn)梳理】i. 重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1. a bottle of 2. a little 3. a lot of have 混在一起用；- . word.zl- -4. all day 5. be fro

17、m 6. be over 7. e back 8. e from 9. do ones homework 10. do the shopping 11. get down 12. get home 13. get to 14. get up - . word.zl- -15. go shopping 16. have a drink of 17. have a look 18. have breakfast 19. have lunch 20. have supper 21. listen to 22. not at all23. put away24. take off 25. throw

18、it like that - . word.zl- -26. would like 27. in the middle of the day 28. in the morning / afternoon/ evening 29. on a farm 30. in a factory ii. 重要句型1. let sb. do sth. 2. could sb. do sth. 3. would like sth. 4. would like to do sth. 5. what about something to eat - . word.zl- -6. how do you spell 7

19、. may i borrowiii. 交際用語(yǔ)1. thanks very much. youre wele. 2. put it/them away. 3. whats wrong 4. i think so. i dont think so. 5. i want to take some books to the classroom. 6. give me a bottle of orange juice, please. please give it / them back tomorrow. ok. - . word.zl- -9. whats your favourite sport

20、 10. dont worry. m not good at basketball. 12. do you want a go 13. thats right./ that s all right./ all right. 14. do you have a dictionary / any dictionaries yes, i do. / no, i dont. 15. we / they have some cds. we / they don t have any cds. 16. -what day is it today / tomorrow -it s monday. - . w

21、ord.zl- -17. -may i borrow your colour pens, please -certainly. here you are. 18. -where are you from -from beijing. 19. whats your telephone number in new york 20. -do you like hot dogs -yes, i do. a little. / a lot. / very much. -no, i dont. i dont like them at all. 21. -what does your mother like

22、 -she likes dumplings and vegetables very much. 22. -when do you go to school every day - . word.zl- -i go to school at 7:00 every day. 23. -what time does he go to bed in the evening -he goes to bed at 10:00. iv. 重要語(yǔ)法1.人稱代詞的用法；2. 祈使句；3. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)展時(shí)的構(gòu)成和用法；4動(dòng)詞 have的用法；5一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)構(gòu)成和用法；6可數(shù)名詞和不行數(shù)名詞的構(gòu)成和用法【名師講解】- .

23、 word.zl- -1. thats right./ that s all right./ all right. thats right 意為“ 對(duì)的,表示贊同對(duì)方的看法、看法或行為,確定對(duì)方的答案或判定；例如： i think we must help the old man.“ 我想我們應(yīng)當(dāng)幫忙這位老人；“thats right.或 “you re right.“ 說(shuō)得對(duì)；that s all right.意為“ 不用、“ 沒(méi)關(guān)系,用來(lái)答復(fù)對(duì)方的致或愧疚；例如：“many thanks.“thats all right.sorry. it s broken.“thats all righ

24、t.all right.意為“ 行了、“ 可以,表示同意對(duì)方的建議或要求；有時(shí)仍可以表示“ 身體很好“please tell me about it.“ 請(qǐng)把此事告知我； all right.“ 好吧；is your mother all right 你媽身體好嗎- . word.zl- -2. make/do 這兩個(gè)詞都可以說(shuō)明為“ 做,但含義卻不同,不能混用；make指做東西或制東西, do 指做一件詳細(xì)的事； can you make a paper boat for me 你能為我做個(gè)紙船嗎hes doing his homework now.他正在做他的作業(yè)；3. say/speak

25、/talk/tell say：是最口語(yǔ)化的最一般的一個(gè)詞,意為“ 說(shuō)出、“ 說(shuō)道,著重所說(shuō)的話；如：“i want to go there by bus, he said . 他說(shuō),“ 我要坐汽車到那里去； please say it in english .請(qǐng)用英語(yǔ)說(shuō)；speak : “ 說(shuō)話,著重開(kāi)口發(fā)聲,不著重所說(shuō)的容,一般用作不及物動(dòng)詞即后面不能直接接賓語(yǔ) ；如：can you speak about him 你能不能說(shuō)說(shuō)他的情形 我不喜愛(ài)這樣說(shuō)話；i don t like to speak like this. speak 作及物動(dòng)詞解時(shí),只能和某種語(yǔ)言等連用,表達(dá)在對(duì)- . wor

26、d.zl- -話中恰當(dāng)使用詞匯的才能；如： she speaks english well.她英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得好；talk : 與 speak 意義相近,也著重說(shuō)話的動(dòng)作,而不著重所說(shuō)的話,因此,一般也只用作不及物動(dòng)詞,不過(guò), talk 示意話是對(duì)某人說(shuō)的,有較強(qiáng)的對(duì)話意味,著重指連續(xù)地和別人談話；如： i would like to talk to him about it . 我想跟他談那件 事；old women like to talk with children. 老年婦女喜愛(ài)和孩子們交談；tell : “ 告知,除較少情形外, 一般后面總接雙賓語(yǔ)；如：hes telling me a st

27、ory.他在給我講故事；tell a lie 撒謊 tell sb. to do sth. /tell sb. not to do sth 如： .miss zhao often tells us to study hard. 4. do cooking/ do the cooking do cooking 作“ 做飯解,屬泛指；do the cooking 特指某一頓飯或某一家人的飯；cooking 為動(dòng)名詞, 不能用作復(fù)數(shù), 但前面可用 some, much 修飾；從 do some cooking 可引出很多- . word.zl- -類似的短語(yǔ)： do some washing 洗些衣

28、服 do some shopping 買(mǎi)些東西 do some reading 讀書(shū) do some writing 寫(xiě)些東西 do some fishing 釣魚(yú)從以上短語(yǔ)可引申出另一類短語(yǔ),詞；不能用 some, much或定冠go shopping 去買(mǎi)東西 go fishing 去釣魚(yú) go boating 去劃船 go swimming 去游泳5. like doing sth./ like to do sth. like doing sth. 與 like to do sth. 意思一樣,但用法有區(qū)分；前 者強(qiáng)調(diào)一般性的愛(ài)好或者表示動(dòng)作的習(xí)慣性和常常性；后來(lái)表示一次性和偶然性的動(dòng)作

29、；例如：he likes playing football, but he doesnt like to play football with li ming.他喜愛(ài)踢足球,但是他不喜愛(ài)和明踢；6. other/ others/ the other/ another other 表其余的,別的,如：have you any other questions你仍- . word.zl- -有其他問(wèn)題嗎others 別的人,別的東西.如： in the room some people are american, the others are french.在屋子里一些人是美國(guó)人 ,其他的是法國(guó)人；

30、the other 表另一個(gè)二者之中one , the otherone of 如：my two brothers studies english, the other studies chinese.我兩個(gè)哥哥中的一個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)英文 ,另一個(gè)學(xué)中文；another 表三者以上的另一個(gè),另一些如：there is room for another few books on the shelf.書(shū)架上仍可以放點(diǎn)書(shū)；7. in the tree/ on the tree in the tree 與 on the tree.譯成中文均為在樹(shù)上但英語(yǔ)中有區(qū)分； in the tree 表示某人、某事不屬于樹(shù)

31、本身生長(zhǎng)出的別的東西落在樹(shù)上,表示樹(shù)的枝、葉、花、果等長(zhǎng)在樹(shù)上時(shí),要使用 on the tree.如：there are some apples on the tree. 那棵樹(shù)上有些蘋(píng)果；there is a bird in the tree. 那棵樹(shù)上有只鳥(niǎo)；8. some/ any - . word.zl- -some和 any 既可修飾可數(shù)名詞,也可修飾不行數(shù)名詞；但有以下兩點(diǎn)需要留意；1some常用于確定句中, any常用于否認(rèn)句和疑問(wèn)句中；如：there is some water in the there any water in the glassthere isnt any

32、water in the glass. 2在說(shuō)話者期望得到確定答復(fù)的一般疑問(wèn)句中,或在表示請(qǐng)求,邀請(qǐng)的疑問(wèn)句中,我們依舊用 some tea 9. tall/ high some；如： would you like 1說(shuō)人,動(dòng)物,樹(shù)木等有生命的東西,主要用 tall,不用 high,例如 a tall woman 一個(gè)高個(gè)子?jì)D女a(chǎn) tall horse 一個(gè)高大的馬2說(shuō)一個(gè)不與地面接觸的人和物的高時(shí),要用 high,而不用tall,比方人站在桌子上時(shí),飛機(jī)飛上天時(shí),例如：he is high up in the tree. 他高高地爬在樹(shù)上；sky. 飛機(jī)在空中這么高；the plane is

33、 so high in the - . word.zl- -3指建筑物、山時(shí)要tall 或 high 都可以,不過(guò)high 的程度比tall 高；4high 可作副詞, tall 不能；5tall 的反義詞為short, high 的反義詞為low. 10. can/ could 1 can表示體力和腦力方面的才能,或依據(jù)客觀條件能做某種動(dòng)作的才能；例如：can you ride a bike你會(huì)騎自行車嗎what can i do for you 要幫忙嗎 can you make a cake你會(huì)做蛋糕嗎2 can用在否認(rèn)句和疑問(wèn)句中時(shí)有時(shí)表示說(shuō)話人的疑心“ 猜想或不愿定；例如：where

34、 can he be他會(huì)在什么地方呢 息會(huì)是真的嗎can the news be true這個(gè)消- . word.zl- -it surely cant be six oclock already不行能已經(jīng)六點(diǎn)鐘了吧you cant be hungry so soon,tom,youve just had lunch.湯姆,你不行能餓得這么快,你剛吃過(guò)午飯；what can he mean他會(huì)是什么意思在日常會(huì)話中,can 可代替 may 表示答應(yīng),may 比擬正式；例如： you can e in any time.你隨時(shí)都可以來(lái)；- can i use your pen 我能用你的鋼筆嗎

35、當(dāng)然可以；- of course,you can.you can have my seat,im going now.我要走了,你坐我的座 位吧；3 could could 是 can 的過(guò)去式,表示過(guò)去有過(guò)的才能和可能性在 否認(rèn)和疑問(wèn)句中 ；例如：the doctor said he could help him.才能醫(yī)生說(shuō)他能幫忙他；- . word.zl- -lily could swim when she was four years old.才能當(dāng)麗麗四歲 的時(shí)候她就會(huì)游泳；at that time we thought the story could be true.可能性 那時(shí)我

36、 們以為所說(shuō)的可能是真的；could 可代替 can 表示現(xiàn)在時(shí)間的動(dòng)作,如：但語(yǔ)氣較為動(dòng)聽(tīng)； 例could i speak to john,please我能和約翰說(shuō)話嗎could you 在口語(yǔ)中表示懇求對(duì)方做事；例如：could you wait half an hour 請(qǐng)你等半個(gè)小時(shí)好嗎 six 六點(diǎn)鐘請(qǐng)你再打好嗎4 can的形式could you please ring again at 只有現(xiàn)在式can 和過(guò)去式could 兩種形式；能表示一般現(xiàn)在和一般過(guò)去兩種時(shí)態(tài), 有時(shí)也能表示將來(lái)； 全部其他時(shí)態(tài) 包括將來(lái)時(shí)須用be able to加動(dòng)詞不定式來(lái)表示；. word.zl- -

37、-例如： they have not been able to e to beijing.他們沒(méi)有能到來(lái)；11. look for/ find look for 意為“ 查找,而find 意為“ 找到,發(fā)覺(jué),前者強(qiáng)調(diào)“ 找這一動(dòng)作,并不留意“ 找的結(jié)果,而后者那么強(qiáng)調(diào)“ 找的結(jié)果；例如：她的尺子啦；she can t find her ruler. 她找不到tom is looking for his watch ,but he cant find it. 湯姆正在查找他的手表,但沒(méi)能找到；12. be sleeping/ be asleep be sleeping 表示動(dòng)作,意思是“ 正在睡

38、覺(jué)；be asleep 表示狀態(tài),意思是“ 睡著了；如： -what are the children doing in the room 孩子們?cè)诜块g里做什么 -they are sleeping.他們正在睡覺(jué)；the children are asleep now.現(xiàn)在孩子們睡著了；- . word.zl- -13. often/ usually/sometimes often 表示常常,sometimes表示有時(shí)候,在表示發(fā)生頻率上 often 要高于 usually,usually要高于 sometimes；這三個(gè)詞表示的是常常性,一般性的動(dòng)作或情形,常與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)連用,常位于主要謂語(yǔ)

39、動(dòng)詞的前面,其他謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞be動(dòng)詞,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和助動(dòng)詞的后面,有時(shí)也可位于句尾；如果要加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣,那么放在句首；we usually play basketball after school.我們通常放學(xué)后打籃球；sometimes i go to bed early.有時(shí),我睡覺(jué)很早；he often reads english in the morning.他常常在早晨讀英語(yǔ)；14. how much/ how many how much 常用來(lái)詢問(wèn)某一商品的價(jià)格,常見(jiàn)句式是 how much is / arehow much is the skirt 這條裙子多少錢(qián) bananas 這些香蕉多

40、少錢(qián)how much are the - . word.zl- -how much 后加不行數(shù)名詞,表示數(shù)量,意為“ 多少“ ,how many 后加可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式；how much meat do you want 你要多少肉呀 are there in your class 你們班有多少人15. be good for/ be good to/ be good at be good for 表示對(duì) 有好處,而how many students be bad for 表示對(duì) 有害； be good to 表示對(duì) 友好,而 be bad to表示對(duì) 不好；be good at表示善于, 在

41、 方面做得好,而 be bad at表示在 方面做得不好；如： doing eye exercises is good for your eyes.做眼保健操對(duì)你的 眼睛有好處；eating too much is bad for you health. 吃的太多對(duì)你的身體 有害；miss li is good to all of us.老師對(duì)我們?nèi)康娜硕己苡押?；the boss is bad to his workers.這個(gè)老板對(duì)他的工人不好；- . word.zl- -li lei is good at drawing, but i我不善于；16. each/ every m bad at it.雷善于畫(huà)畫(huà),但是each 和 every 都有每一個(gè)的意思,但含義和用法不一樣；each 從個(gè)體著眼, every 從整體著眼； each 可用于兩者或兩者以上, every 只用于三者或三者以上；如：we each have a new book.我們每人各有一本新書(shū)；there are trees on each side of the street.街的兩旁有樹(shù)； he gets up early every morn