1、實(shí)驗(yàn)室常用英文術(shù)語1.當(dāng)你進(jìn)入國外的實(shí)驗(yàn)室之前，如果不能熟練掌握實(shí)驗(yàn)過程中相關(guān)物品的英文名稱及讀音，你與同處一室的技術(shù)人員之間必將產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)烈的交流障礙，實(shí)驗(yàn)效率也將因此大打折扣。這里我匯總了數(shù)篇文章的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，并結(jié)合自己實(shí)驗(yàn)室的情況，補(bǔ)充了大量詞匯，希望對即將出國留學(xué)的生物學(xué)科研人員有所幫助。歡迎大家補(bǔ)充指正。一容器與耗材（ vessel& consumable material ）小瓶vial研杵 pestle量杯measuring cup小滴管dropper燒杯beaker蒸餾裝置 distilling apparatus量筒measuring flask/measuring cylinde

2、rer桶 bucket坩堝crucible廣口瓶wide -mouth bottle坩堝鉗crucible clamp離心機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子rotor試管test tube試管架test tube holder/rack漏斗funnel酒精燈 alcohol burner比色皿 cuvette酒精噴燈 blast alcohol burner魚缸 aquarium攪拌裝置stirring device燒瓶flask石蠟封口膜Parafilm錐形瓶conical flask塞子stopper/plug洗瓶plastic wash bottle玻璃活塞stopcock試劑瓶reagent bottles玻棒g

3、lass rod攪拌棒 stirring rod容量瓶 volumetric flask/measuring flask 移液管 (one -mark) pipette 吸液管 pipette濾器filter濾紙filter paper培養(yǎng)皿culture dish移液槍pipette移液槍槍頭pipette tips剃刀刀片 razor blade手術(shù)刀 scalpel垃圾袋 disposable bag垃圾桶 garbage bin橡皮筋rubber band托盤 Tray鋁箔 aluminium foil洗耳球rubber suction bulb保鮮膜 preservative fil

4、m研磨缽mortar微量離心管（ EP管） Eppendorf tube 載玻片 Slide蓋玻片 Cover glass離心管 Centrifuge tube電泳槽 Gel tank電線 Electrical leads牙簽 Toothpick螺絲釘 Screw鎖緊螺母 Nut, Cap nut復(fù)印紙 Copy paper復(fù)寫紙 Carbon paper釘 Nail試管刷test -tube brush計(jì)時(shí)器 Timer鬧鐘 Alarm clockU 形釘 Staple衣服掛鉤 Coat hanger電泳用的梳子Comb扳手 Shifting spanner訂書機(jī) Stapler訂書釘 st

5、aple圓珠筆芯 Refill燈泡 Globe記號筆marker pen注射器syringe注射器活塞plunger鐵架臺 iron support萬能夾 extension clamp止水夾 flatjaw pinchcock圓形漏斗架cast-iron ring橡膠管 rubber tubing藥匙 lab spoon鑷子 forceps/ tweezers蜂鳴器buzzer架子shelf剪刀 scissor打孔器 stopper borer移液吸管serological pipette血球計(jì)數(shù)板hemocytometerpH 試紙universal ph indicator paper稱

6、量紙 weighing paper透明膠帶sellotape篩子sieve網(wǎng)眼mesh格子grid擦鏡紙 wiper for lens水銀溫度計(jì) mercury -filled thermometer 白大褂 white gown 真空泵 vacuum pump水浴鍋 water bath kettle口罩 respirator電極 electrode陽極 ,正極 anode陰極 ,負(fù)極 cathode二實(shí)驗(yàn)操作（ manipulation ）：丟棄discard轉(zhuǎn)移容器decant吸出aspirate吹吸blowing and suction離心收集pellet重懸resuspend絮狀沉淀

7、 flocculent precipitate 渾濁的 turbid烘 bake滅菌sterilize均質(zhì)化homogenize分裝aliquot培養(yǎng)foster通風(fēng)ventilate冷卻chill down稀釋dilute洗脫elute孵育incubate超聲破碎ultrasonication淬滅quench裂解物 Lysate沉淀物 Sediment上清Supernatant小滴droplet一批batch色譜 chromatograph沉淀 precipitate接種 inoculate探針 probe蒸餾 distil/distill攪拌 Stir/agitate旋轉(zhuǎn)swirl/ sp

8、in中和 neutralize校準(zhǔn)calibrate平衡equilibrate結(jié)塊、塊狀沉淀clump粘稠的viscous漂洗 rinse脫水 dehydrate發(fā)酵 fermentation溶解dissolve燃燒 combustion水解 hydrolysis過濾filtrate濃縮condense催化劑 catalyst研磨grind破碎crush催化作用 catalysis分解 dissolution渦旋震蕩 Vortex電泳Electrophoresis抽濾 suction filtration電轉(zhuǎn)化 electrotransformation收菌harvest切碎chop/minc

9、e三儀器（恒溫循環(huán)儀 Thermostatic circulator 空調(diào)機(jī) Air conditionerpH 計(jì) pH meter照度計(jì) (測量熒光素酶酶活 ) luminometer 磁力攪拌器 magnetic stirrer烘箱 oven微波爐 microwave oven電磁爐 electromagnetic oven 凝膠系統(tǒng) Gel system電子天平 Electronic balance轉(zhuǎn)接器 Adapter離心機(jī)centrifuge蓋子lid/ cap封口設(shè)備 Sealing equipment復(fù)印機(jī) Duplicator, copying machine 超凈工作臺 s

10、uper clean bench 通風(fēng)櫥 fume cupboard藥柜 Cupboard高壓蒸汽滅菌器autoclave電泳電源 Electrophoresis power supply 紫外燈 Ultraviolet illumination 真空泵 Vacuum pump天平balance/scale灌注 perfusion漿液 slurryapparatus）分析天平analytical balance臺秤platform balance渦旋振蕩器Vortexing machineCO2培養(yǎng)箱 CO2Incubators電子顯微鏡 Electro Microscopy 電泳儀 Elec

11、trophoresis System 恒流泵 constant flow pump 解剖鏡 anatomical lens PCR儀 Thermocycler倒置顯微鏡Inverted Microscope核 磁 共 振 波 譜 儀 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometer光學(xué)顯微鏡 Optical Microscopy 搖床 Shaker培養(yǎng)箱 incubator超濾器 Ultrahigh Purity Filter超低溫冰箱 Ultra-low Temperature Freezer 超聲破碎儀 Ultrasonic Cell Disruptor紫外觀

12、察燈Ultraviolet Lamp紫外 -可見光分光光度計(jì)UV-VisibleSpectrophotometer計(jì)算器calculator/numerator四化學(xué)試劑（ reagent）1、氨基酸丙氨酸 alanine (Ala, A)纈氨酸 valine (Val, V)亮氨酸 leucine (Leu, L)異亮氨酸 isoleucine (Ile,I)脯氨酸 proline (Pro, P)苯丙氨酸 phenylalanine (Phe, F)色氨酸 tryptophan (Trp, W)蛋氨酸 methionine (Met, M)甘氨酸 glycine (Gly, G)絲氨酸 s

13、erine (Ser,S)蘇氨酸 threonine (Thr, T)半胱氨酸 cysteine (Cys,C)酪氨酸 tyrosine (Tyr,Y)天冬氨酸 asparagines (Asn, N)谷氨酰胺 glutamine (Gln, Q)賴氨酸 lysine (Lys,K)精氨酸 arginine (Arg, R)組氨酸 histidine (His, H)天冬氨酸 aspartic acid (Asp, D)谷氨酸 glutamic acid (Glu, E)2、核苷酸腺苷 adenosine鳥嘌呤核苷guanosine胞苷 cytidine胸腺嘧啶脫氧核苷thymidine尿嘧啶

14、核苷uridine脫氧 deoxy-3、其他化學(xué)試劑二甲苯 Xylene冰乙酸 Acetic acid glacial硼酸 Boric acid氯化鈣Calcium chloride巰基乙醇mercaptoethanol咪唑Imidazole鹽酸胍 guanidine hydrochloride無水乙醇 absolute ethanol乙酸鈉 Sodium acetate氯化鈉 Sodium chloride生理鹽水 physiological saline洗滌劑 detergent十二烷基磺酸鈉 Sodium dodecyl sulphate 鹽酸 hydrochloric acid氫氧化鈉

15、 sodium hydrate/hydroxide 胰蛋白胨 Tryptone酵母提取物yeast extract瓊脂 Agar甘油glycerin內(nèi)毒素endotoxin兩性霉素 amphotericin氨芐 Ampicillin肝素 heparin實(shí)驗(yàn)室常用英語 -化學(xué)生物類卡那霉素Kanamycin胰蛋白酶Trypsin溴化乙錠ethidium bromide胰島素 Insulin樹脂resin糖類saccharide蔗糖 Sucrose醋酸鉀 Potassium acetate異丙醇 Isopropanol醋酸銨 Ammonium acetate異戊醇 Isoamyl alcohol氯

16、仿 Chloroform甲醇methanol遺傳霉素geneticin糖原glycogen血清serum高錳酸鉀 potassium hypermanganate 考馬斯亮藍(lán) Coomassie brilliant blue 液氮 liquid nitrogen次氯酸鈉 clorox苯酚 phenol陰離子 anion堿性alkalinity2. 來美國學(xué)習(xí)遇到了一個(gè)很郁悶的事：走進(jìn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室跟別人交流非常困難，自己做實(shí)驗(yàn)也是磕磕碰碰。一個(gè)很大的原因就是一些實(shí)驗(yàn)儀器或是藥品的名稱不知道怎么說，以前學(xué)英文從來沒有學(xué)這些內(nèi)容。郁悶之余，我在網(wǎng)上搜集了一些相關(guān)儀器和藥品的中英對照，與大家一起學(xué)習(xí)分享，希

17、望對學(xué)化學(xué)生物類的朋友有些幫助。由于藥品種類繁多，各人使用相關(guān)也很大，以下僅列儀器部分。容器類：量杯measuring cup試管架test tube holder燒杯beaker漏斗funnel不銹鋼杯 stainless-steel beaker分液漏斗separatory funnel量筒measuring flask/measuring cylinder燒瓶flask量筒graduated flask/measuring cylinder錐形瓶conical flask坩堝crucible塞子stopper坩堝鉗crucible clamp洗瓶plastic wash bottle坩堝

18、crucible pot, melting pot滴定管burette試管test tube玻璃活塞stopcock冷凝器 condenser臺秤 platform balance試劑瓶 reagent bottles游碼 crossbeams and sliding weights玻棒 glass rod酒精燈 alcohol burner攪拌棒 stirring rod酒精噴燈 blast alcohol burner蒸餾燒瓶 distilling flask攪拌裝置 stirring device碘量瓶 iodine flask洗耳球 rubber suction bulb表面皿 wat

19、ch glass研磨缽 mortar蒸發(fā)皿 evaporating dish研磨棒 pestle容量瓶 volumetric flask/measuring flask瑪瑙研缽 agate mortar移液管 (one -mark) pipette瓷器 porcelain刻度移液管 graduated pipettes白 細(xì) 口 瓶 flint glass solution bottle with稱量瓶 weighing bottlestopper吸液管 pipette滴瓶 dropping bottle濾管 filter小滴管 dropper天平 balance/scale蒸餾裝置 dist

20、illing apparatus分析天平 analytical balance蒸發(fā)器 evaporator試驗(yàn)用器材：升降臺 lab jack鐵架臺 iron support萬能夾 extension clamp蝴蝶夾 double -buret clamp雙頂絲 clamp regular holder止水夾 flatjaw pinchcock圓形漏斗架cast-iron ring移液管架 pipet rack試管架 tube rack沸石 boiling stone橡膠管 rubber tubing藥匙 lab spoon鑷子 forceps坩堝鉗 crucible tong剪刀 scis

21、sor打孔器 stopper borer石棉網(wǎng) asbestos-free wire gauze 電爐絲 wire coil for heater脫脂棉 absorbent cottonphph 試紙 universal ph indicator paper 濾紙 filter paper稱量紙 weighing paper擦鏡紙 wiper for lens秒表 stopwatch量杯 glassgraduates with scale白滴定管（酸）flint glassburette with glassstopcock棕色滴定管（酸）brown glass burette withgla

22、ss stopcock白滴定管（堿）flint glassburette for alkali棕色滴定管（堿）brown glass burette foralkali比重瓶 specific gravity bottle水銀溫度計(jì) mercury -filled thermometer ph 計(jì) ph meter折光儀 refractometer真空泵 vacuum pump冷、熱浴 bath離心機(jī) centrifuge口罩 respirator防毒面具 respirator 、 gasmask磁力攪拌器magnetic stirrer電動攪拌器power basic stirrer烘箱 o

23、ven閃點(diǎn)儀 flash point tester馬弗爐 furnace電爐heater微波爐電熱套heating mantleBunsen burner本生燈product化學(xué)反應(yīng)產(chǎn)物apparatus 設(shè)備litmus paper 石蕊試紙PH indicator PH 值指示劑 ,氫離子 (濃度的 )負(fù)burette滴定管指數(shù)指示劑retort曲頸甑matrass 卵形瓶still 蒸餾釜litmus 石蕊cupel 烤缽化學(xué)反應(yīng)：analysis 分解solution 溶解fractionation分餾combustion 燃燒endothermicreaction 吸熱反應(yīng)fusio

24、n, melting 熔解exothermic reaction 放熱反應(yīng)alkalinity 堿性precipitation沉淀isomerism, isomery 同分異物現(xiàn)象to precipitate沉淀hydrolysis 水解to distil, to distill 蒸餾electrolysis 電解distillation蒸餾electrode電極to calcine煅燒anode陽極 正極,to oxidize氧化cathode陰極 ,負(fù)極alkalinization 堿化catalyst催化劑to oxygenate, to oxidize脫氧 氧化catalysis催化作

25、用,to neutralize中和oxidization, oxidation 氧化to hydrogenate 氫化reducer還原劑to hydrate 水合 ,水化dissolution分解to dehydrate脫水synthesis合成fermentation發(fā)酵reversible可逆的儀器中英文對照Aging Property Tester 老化性能測定儀Amino Acid Analyzer 氨基酸組成分析儀Analyzer for Clinic Medicine Concentration 臨床藥物濃度儀Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy 原子吸收

26、光譜儀Atomic Emission Spectrometer原子發(fā)射光譜儀Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy 原子熒光光譜儀Automatic Titrator自動滴定儀BasicPhysics 基本物理量測定Biochemical Analyzer 生化分析儀Biochemicalanalysis 生物技術(shù)分析Bio-reactor 生物反應(yīng)器Blood-gasAnalyzer 血?dú)夥治鰞xCentrifuge 離心機(jī)ChemiluminescenceApparatus 化學(xué)發(fā)光儀CHNAnalysis 環(huán)境成分分析儀CO2 Incubators CO2培養(yǎng)箱C

27、ombustion PropertyTester 燃燒性能測定儀Conductivity Meter電導(dǎo)儀Constant Temperature Circulator 恒溫循環(huán)泵Direct Current Plasma Emission Spectrometer 直流等離子體發(fā)射光譜儀 DNA SequencersDNA 測序儀DNA synthesizer DNA 合成儀Electrical Property Tester 電性能測定儀Electro Microscopy 電子顯微鏡Electrolytic Analyzer 電解質(zhì)分析儀Electron Energy Disperse

28、Spectroscopy 電子能譜儀Electron Paramagnetic ResonanceSpectrometer 電子順磁共振波譜儀 Electrophoresis 電泳Electrophoresis System 電泳儀ELIASA 酶標(biāo)儀Energy Disperse Spectroscopy 能譜儀Fermenter 發(fā)酵罐Flow Analytical and ProcessAnalyticalChemistry流動分析與過程分析Fraction Collector 部分收集器FreezeDrying Equipment 凍干機(jī)FT-IR Spectrometer傅里葉變換紅

29、外光譜儀FT-Raman Spectrometer傅里葉變換拉曼光譜儀GasAnalysis 氣體分析GasChromatograph 氣相色譜儀GC-MS 氣相色譜 -質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用儀Gel PermeationChromatograph 凝膠滲透色譜儀 HighPressure/Performance Liquid Chromatography 高壓 / 效液相色譜儀Hybridization Oven 分子雜交儀ICP-MS ICP-質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用儀Inductive Coupled PlasmaEmission Spectrometer 電感偶合等離子體發(fā)射光譜儀 Instrument for N

30、ondestructive Testing 無損檢測儀Instrument for Polymerase Chain Reaction PCR儀Inverted Microscope 倒置顯微鏡Ion Chromatograph 離子色譜儀Isotope X-RayFluorescence Spectrometer 同位素 X 熒光光譜儀 LC-MS 液相色譜 -質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用儀Mass Spectrometer質(zhì)譜儀Mechanical Property Tester 機(jī)械性能測定儀Metal/materialelemental analysis 金屬 / 材料元素分析儀Metallurgical

31、 Microscopy 金相顯微鏡Microwave Inductive Plasma Emission Spectrometer 微波等離子體光譜儀 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometer 核磁共振波譜儀Optical Microscopy 光學(xué)顯微鏡Optical PropertyTester 光學(xué)性能測定儀Other/Miscellaneous其他Particle SizeAnalyzer 粒度分析儀PCRAmplifier PCR儀Peptide synthesizer 多肽合成儀pH Meter pH 計(jì)PhysicalProperty Ana

32、lysis 物性分析Polarograph 極譜儀Protein Sequencer 氨基酸測序儀Rheometer 流變儀Sample Handling 樣品處理Scanning Probe MicroscopyFG|8oU 掃描探針顯微鏡Sensors 傳感器Sequencers and Synthesizersfor DNA and Protein DNA 及蛋白質(zhì)的測序和合成儀Shaker 搖床SizeExclusion Chromatograph 體積排阻色譜Surface Science 表面科學(xué)SurfaceAnalyzer 表面分析儀Thermal Analyzer 熱分析儀T

33、hermal PhysicalProperty Tester 熱物理性能測定儀Ultrahigh Purity Filter 超濾器Ultra -low Temperature Freezer 超低溫冰箱Ultrasonic Cell Disruptor超聲破碎儀Ultraviolet Detector 紫外檢測儀UltravioletLamp紫外觀察燈Urine Analyzer 尿液分析儀UV-Visible Spectrophotometer紫外 -可見光分光光度計(jì)Viscometer 粘度計(jì)Voltammerter伏安儀Water TestKits 水質(zhì)分析儀X-Ray Fluores

34、cence Spectrometer X 射線熒光光譜儀X-RayDiffractomer X 射線衍射儀分子生物學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室常用儀器物品英文詞匯口罩 respirator研棒 pestles試驗(yàn)管 tube多用電源插座multi-purpose socket耐酸橡膠手套rubber gloves冰盒 ice box試管架 testtube rack復(fù)印紙 copypaper藥匙 lab spoon液氮罐 Dewar flask洗瓶 plasticwash bottle筆記本 notebook鉗子 pliers記號筆 markerpen玻璃攪棒 glass stirringstick培養(yǎng)皿 culturedish扳子 spanne夾子 clip研缽 mortars皮氏培養(yǎng)皿 petridish螺絲刀 screwdriver擦鏡紙 wiperforlens培養(yǎng)三角瓶cultureflask標(biāo)簽紙 paper label接種環(huán) inoculatingloop打火機(jī) lighter接種針