PAGEPAGE14Unit2WorkingthelandLanguagepointsstrugglevi.&n．斗爭；拼搏；努力(經(jīng)典例句)Shenevergaveupandstruggledtoleadanactivelife.她從來沒有放棄，努力過著一種積極的生活。strugglefor 努力爭取……；為……而斗爭struggleagainst 與……作斗爭strugglewith 與……作斗爭struggletodosth. 努力做某事struggletoone’sfeet 掙扎著站起來①Wehavetostrugglewithallkindsofdifficultiesfromhomeandabroad.我們必須和來自國內(nèi)外的各種各樣的困難作斗爭。②Sheisstrugglingtobringupafamilyonaverylowincome.她靠著非常微薄的收入艱難地供養(yǎng)一家人。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①Hermotherhasbeenstrugglingagainst/withherillnessformanyyears.②Workersarestrugglingforacleancanteenandhealthyfood.③Somefarmershavetoleavetheirhometownandgotoworkincities,struggling(struggle)toincreasetheirincomes.[能力提升]——微寫作④他被一輛摩托車撞倒后受了重傷，不得不掙扎著站起來。Knockeddownbyamotorbike,hewasbadlyhurtandhad__to__struggle__to__his__feet．disturbingadj.引起煩惱的；令人不安的(教材P10)Atthattime,hungerwasadisturbingprobleminmanypartsofthecountryside.當(dāng)時，饑餓是困擾許多農(nóng)村地區(qū)的問題。(1)disturbedadj. 心神不寧的；擔(dān)心的(2)disturbvt. 打擾；弄亂；使不安①ThenewsthatIfailedthistimeisquitedisturbing.我這次失敗的消息讓人十分煩惱。②Ifyougetupearly,pleasedon’tdisturbyourfather.如果你起床早，請不要打擾你的父親。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①Duringhischildhood,heledahardlifeandhadsomedisturbing(disturb)experiences.②AsfarasIknow，sheisbecomingmoreandmoredisturbed(disturb)．③Hefeltdisturbed(disturb)whenheheardhismotherwasill.thanksto幸虧；由于；因為(教材P10)Thankstohisresearch,theUNhasmoretoolsinthebattletoridtheworldofhunger.多虧了他的研究，聯(lián)合國在消除世界饑餓的戰(zhàn)斗中有了更多的方法。(1)becauseof 因為；由于(2)asaresultof 作為……的結(jié)果；由于①Thankstotheirselflesssupport,wehavemadesuchachievements.多虧了他們無私的支持，我們才取得了這樣的成就。②Thankstoyourtimelyhelp,Icouldfinishmyworkaheadofschedule.多虧了你及時的幫助，我才能提前完成工作。[能力提升]——一句多譯由于他的鼓勵，學(xué)生們學(xué)習(xí)比以前更努力了。①Thanks__to__his__encouragement,__studentsstudyharderthanbefore.②Because__of__his__encouragement,__studentsstudyharderthanbefore.③As__a__result__of__his__encouragement,__studentsstudyharderthanbefore.rid...of使……擺脫或除去(教材P10)Thankstohisresearch,theUNhasmoretoolsinthebattletoridtheworldofhunger.多虧了他的研究，聯(lián)合國在消除世界饑餓的戰(zhàn)斗中有了更多的方法。(1)beridof 擺脫(狀態(tài))getridof 擺脫；丟棄；扔掉(動作)(2)ridoneselfof 擺脫；從……中解脫①Asamatteroffact,it’snoteasytoridoneselfofabadhabit.事實上，去掉壞習(xí)慣是不容易的。②Manypeoplethinkitnecessarytoridtheworldofnuclearweapons.很多人認(rèn)為很有必要使世界擺脫核武器。[能力提升]——一句多譯如果你想在學(xué)習(xí)上取得進(jìn)步，你必須擺脫粗心大意。①Ifyouwanttomakeprogressinyourstudy,youmustget__rid__of__your__carelessness．②Ifyouwanttomakeprogressinyourstudy,youmustrid__yourself__of__carelessness．be/feelsatisfiedwith對……感到滿意(教材P10)YuanLongpingisquitesatisfiedwithhislife.袁隆平對自己的生活非常滿足。(1)satisfyvt. 使?jié)M意(2)satisfyingadj. 令人滿意的(3)satisfactionn. 滿意toone’ssatisfaction 令人滿意的是①Heisamodestmanandneverfeelssatisfiedwithhispresentachievements.他是一個謙虛的人，對自己現(xiàn)在的成就從不感到滿足。②Theyoungmanfoundithardtosatisfyhisboss,soheleft.這個年輕人發(fā)現(xiàn)很難讓老板滿意，于是他離開了。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①Fromthesatisfiedsmileonherface，wecanseetheperformancewassatisfying．(satisfy)②Muchtomysatisfaction(satisfy),mybossagreedtomysuggestion.③Idon’tthinkyourdeliveryissatisfying(satisfy),forIcan’tfindmoreinformationaboutshipmentafterMarch18th.wouldrather寧愿；寧可(教材P10)Hewouldmuchratherkeeptimeforhishobbies.他寧愿把時間花在自己的愛好上。①Iwouldratherfailthancheatintheexamination.我寧可考試不及格，也不愿意作弊。②Maryisfeelingupset.IwouldratherIhadn’ttoldherthebadnews.瑪麗感到沮喪，我要是沒把這個壞消息告訴她就好了。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①Iwouldratherplaybasketballthansleep(sleep)alldaylongatweekends.②Shewouldratheryoucame(come)tomorrowthantoday.[能力提升]——一句多譯為了過低碳生活，一些人寧愿坐公交也不愿開車去上班。③Tolivealow-carbonlife,somepeoplewould__rather__take__the__bus__than__drive__a__cartowork.(wouldratherdo...thando...)④Tolivealow-carbonlife,somepeoplewould__take__the__bus__rather__than__drive__a__cartowork.(woulddo...ratherthando...)⑤Somepeopleprefer__to__take__the__bus__rather__than__drive__a__cartoworksothattheycanlivealow-carbonlife.(prefertodo...ratherthando...)equipvt.&vi.配備；裝備(教材P10)Hethereforegivesmillionsofyuantoequipothersfortheirresearchinagriculture.因此，他拿出數(shù)百萬元幫助其他人進(jìn)行農(nóng)業(yè)研究。(1)equipsb.forsth. 使某人具備某物equip...with... 用……裝備……beequippedwith 裝(配)備；安裝(2)equipmentn. 裝備；設(shè)備(不可數(shù)名詞)①Mostparentswanttoequiptheirchildrenwithagoodeducation.大多數(shù)父母想讓他們的孩子接受良好的教育。②Everyclassroominthismodernschoolisequippedwithanewcomputer.這所現(xiàn)代化的學(xué)校里每個教室都配有一臺新電腦。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①Yourtrainingwillequipyouforyourfuturejob.②Thecompanyhasboughtalotofnewequipment(equip)sincethenewmanagercametopower.[能力提升]——完成句子/句式升級③(普通表達(dá))He__is__equipped__with(具備)muchexperienceinteaching,soheiswellrespectedbyallhisstudents.④(高級表達(dá))Equipped__with__much__experience__in__teaching,__heiswellrespectedbyallhisstudents.(過去分詞短語作狀語)if條件狀語從句的省略形式(教材P9)Ifso,whatdidyoudotogrowthem?如果這樣的話，你做了些什么來種植這些植物呢？ifso“如果這樣的話”，so代替前面句子的肯定內(nèi)容，構(gòu)成省略條件句，語意可由上下文得知。ifnot“如果不這樣的話”，與ifso意義相反。其他if條件狀語從句的省略形式：ifnecessary 如果有必要的話ifpossible 如果可能的話ifany 如果有的話ifever 如果曾經(jīng)有過的話①Didyoucheatintheexam？Ifso,youwon’tgetawaywithit.你在考試中作弊了嗎？如果這樣的話，你不會逃脫懲罰的。②(全國卷Ⅲ)Ifnot,letmeknowwhattimesuitsyoubest.如果不行的話，告訴我什么時間最適合你。③Ifnecessary,youcanturntomeforhelp.必要的話，你可以向我求助。[能力提升]——微寫作(2018·全國卷Ⅰ)我是李華，我想知道周末你是否有空。如果有空讓我們面談有關(guān)餐桌禮儀的問題。I’mLiHua.I’mwonderingifyouareavailableattheweekend.If__so,__let’s__have__a__face-to-face__talk__abouttablemanners.it作形式賓語，真正的賓語是動詞不定式短語(教材P10)Thisspecialstrainofricemakesitpossibletoproduce20%moreofthecropinthesamefields.這種特殊的稻種使得同樣的田地多收獲20%的產(chǎn)量成為可能?！癿ake/find/think/feel＋it＋n./adj.＋動詞不定式(短語)/動名詞(短語)/從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中，it用作形式賓語，相應(yīng)的動詞不定式(短語)/動名詞(短語)/從句則是真正的賓語。①Weallconsideritworthwhiletoarguewiththemaboutthismatter.我們都認(rèn)為，跟他們爭論此事是值得的。②Thenewlawmakesitpossibleforustolivewithoutsmoking.新的法律使我們生活在無煙環(huán)境中成為可能。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①Ifinditnouseadvising(advise)himtogiveupsmoking.②ImustmakeitclearthatI’llalwayssupportyou.③Shefeelsitherdutyto__take(take)goodcareofhersickmother.倍數(shù)表達(dá)法(教材P10)Usinghishybridrice，farmersareproducingharveststwiceaslargeasbefore.用他的雜交水稻種子，農(nóng)民們種出的糧食比以前多了一倍。twiceaslargeas...意為“……的兩倍大”，為倍數(shù)表達(dá)的句型之一。常見的倍數(shù)表達(dá)法：(1)倍數(shù)＋as＋adj./adv.原級＋as...(2)倍數(shù)＋比較級＋than...(3)倍數(shù)＋the＋名詞(size，length，width，height，weight...)＋of...①Thedictionaryisexactlyfivetimesasexpensiveasthatone.這本字典的價格是那本的五倍。②Thisbuildingisfivetimeshigherthanthatone.這座樓比那座樓高五倍。[能力提升]——一句多譯新建的閱覽室比舊閱覽室大三倍。①Thenewly-builtreading-roomisthree__times__bigger__thantheoldone.②Thenewly-builtreading-roomisfour__times__as__big__astheoldone.③Thenewly-builtreading-roomisfour__times__the__size__oftheoldone.

eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)品句填詞1．Fishermenwithsunburnt(曬黑的)facessatonthebeachmendingtheirnets.2．MartinLutherKingledthestruggle(斗爭)forequalrightsforblacks.3．MrSmithgaveuphisoccupation(職業(yè))asadoctorandbecameateacher.4．RichardisAmerican,andJohnisBritish—theyhavedifferentnationalities(國籍)．5．Ican’tbelievethatenormousmealwasn’tenoughtosatisfyyourhunger(饑餓)．6．Theaverageoutput(產(chǎn)量)ofthefactoryis20carsaday.7．Themaincrops(農(nóng)作物)growninthisareaarecoffeeandrice.8．Thehotelwantstoexpand(擴(kuò)大)itsbusinessbyaddingaswimmingpool.9．Ourclothessellsowellinthiscountrythatwehavenoneedtoexport(出口)．10．Adecade(十年)ago,thecityhadnomodernindustryworthspeakingof.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)單句改錯1．Thismountainisthreetimesashigherasthatone.higher→high2．Althoughheisbusy,buthestillspares30minutestodosomeexerciseeveryday.去掉but3．Theteacherforwhoyouhavebeenwaitingiscominginaminute.who→whom4．Itwasin1862thattheAmericanslaveswontheirstrugglewithfreedom.with→for5．Eachclassroominourschoolhasequippedwithacomputer，whichishelpfultoourstudy.has→is6．Thespaceshipmakesitpossibleforpeopletraveltothemoon.在travel前加toeq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)完成句子1．多虧了他的建議，我才實現(xiàn)了夢想。Itwasthanks__to__his__advicethatIachievedmydream.2．因此，他決定使人們擺脫饑餓。Therefore,hewasdeterminedto__rid__people__of__hunger．3．這本字典比那本恰好貴五倍。Thedictionaryisexactlyfive__times__more__expensive__thanthatone.4．袁先生把自己的知識傳播到其他國家，希望能幫助他們的人民。MrYuancirculatedhisknowledgetoothercountrieswith__the__hope__of__helping__their__people．5．愛麗絲是昨天下午最后一個離開辦公室的人。Alicewasthelastpersonto__leave__the__officeyesterdayafternoon.6．盡管泰德只有十歲，他卻愛上了被稱為京劇的東西。Thoughheisonlyten,Tedfallsinlovewithwhat__is__calledBeijingOpera.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅳ)課文語法填空YuanLongpingisoneofChina’smostfamousscientists.Hegrows1.whatiscalledsuperhybridrice.In1973,MrYuanbecamethefirstagriculturalpioneerintheworld2.to__grow(grow)ricewithahighoutput.Thisspecialstrainofricemakesitpossibletoproduce20%3.more(much)ofthecropinthesamefields.YuanLongpinggraduatedfromcollegein1953,whenhungerwas4.adisturbingprobleminmanypartsofthecountryside.Hewasdeterminedtosearchforawaytoincreasericeharvestswithout5.expanding(expand)theareaofthefields.Thanks6.tohisresearch,riceharvestsinChinaincreasedgreatly.Now,hisknowledge7.is__being__circulated(circulate)tomanycountriestohelpridtheirpeopleofhunger.Quitesatisfiedwithhislife,Yuancareslittleaboutbeingfamous.Hewouldmuchratherhavemore8.freedom(free)todohisresearchandkeeptimeforhishobbies.Inaddition,hegivesmillionsofyuantoequipothersfor9.their(they)researchinagriculture.Apartfromhisdreamaboutrice10.being__planted(plant),Yuan’sanotherdreamistoexporthisricesothatitcanbegrownaroundtheglobe.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)單句語法填空1．Havingspentthewholeafternoonplayingonthebeachwithoutprotection,hebecamesunburnt(sunburn)．2．Manypeopleinthiscountryaredyingofhunger(hungry)everyday.3．Injusttwodecades(decade),thevillagehasgrownintoafishingportwithapopulationofaround5，000people.4．Tomsaidhehadsomedisturbing(disturb)newstosharewithme.5．MrSmithborrowedalargeamountofmoneyfromthebankto__expand(expand)hisbusiness.6．Youreducationequips(equip)youtoearnagoodlivinginthefuture.7．Thebosshopedthathisproductscouldbe__exported(export)toEuropeancountries.8．HenryhasGermannationality(nation),buthegrewupintheUnitedStates.9．MymotherwouldratherIfocused(focus)moreattentiononmystudy.10．Susanmadeitclearthatshewishedtostudyabroad.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)閱讀理解Fromthenation’searliestdays,farminghasplayedaveryimportantroleinAmericaneconomyandculture.Earlyinthenation’slife,farmerswereseenastypicalexamplesofeconomicqualitiessuchashard-working,honest,kind-heartedandindependent.Americanfarmersthinkanumberoffactorsleadtothesuccessoftheiragriculture：TheAmericanMidwesthassomeoftherichestsoilintheworld.Rainfallisenoughovermostareasofthecountry；eveninsomeareaswherethereisnotenoughrainfall,theriversandundergroundwatercanalsosupportthefarming.Besides,largecapitalinvestments(資本投入)andhighlytrainedfarmershavealsobeenusedtodevelopAmericanagriculture.Thefirsttwodecadesofthe20thcenturyturnedouttobethegoldenageofAmericanagriculture.Farmpriceswerehighasthedemand(需求)forgoodsincreasedandlandvaluesrose.Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,thefoodproductioncontinuedtoincrease.Thegoodyearsoftheearly20thcenturyendedwithfallingpricesfollowingWorldWarⅠ.AttheendofWorldWarⅡ，thefarmeconomyfacedthechallengeofoverproduction.Duringthattime,becauseofprogressintechnology,someadvancedmachinesandchemicalsrelatedtofarmingwerewidelyused,andthatmeantproductionperhectare(公頃)washigherthanever.Today,weseeadifferentsetoffarmstryingtomeetconsumers’demandsallovertheworld.WecanseealotofchangesonAmericanagricultureovertime.In1940,therewere6millionfarmsaveraging67hectareseach.Bythelate1990s,therewereonlyabout2.2millionfarmsaveraging190hectaresinsize.Duringthesameperiod,farmemploymentdecreasedgreatly—from12.5millionin1930to1.2millioninthe1990s.Whileproductionhasdoubledoverthelast50years,thenumberoffarmshasdroppedbymorethantwo-thirds.Today,about150，000Americanfarmersproducemostofourfood.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了美國農(nóng)業(yè)的歷史及發(fā)展?fàn)顩r。1．WhatdidpeoplethinkoffarmersinAmerica’searlydays?A．Peoplethoughtveryhighlyofthem.B．Peopledidn’tlikesomeoftheirlifestyles.C．Theydidn’tgetenoughattentionfromthesociety.D．Theywereimportantforthedevelopmentoftechnology.A解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的farmerswereseenastypicalexamplesofeconomicqualitiessuchashard-working,honest,kind-heartedandindependent可知，在美國歷史上，人們對農(nóng)民的評價很高。2．WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?A．WhyAmericanagricultureissuccessful.B．ThesocialsupportforAmericanagriculture.C．HowAmericanfarmersdeveloptheiragriculture.D．ThenaturalenvironmentforAmericanagriculture.A解析：段落大意題。通讀第二段內(nèi)容可知，本段主要講述了美國農(nóng)業(yè)之所以取得成功是有很多方面的原因的，并列舉了一些原因。3．HowdoestheauthormainlydevelopParagraph3?A．Bygivingexamples.B．Bygivingdescriptions.C．Byfollowingtheorderoftime.D．Byfollowingtheorderofimportance.C解析：篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。根據(jù)第三段中的Thefirsttwodecadesofthe20thcentury,WorldWarⅠ，AttheendofWorldWarⅡ和Today等信息點可知，第三段是按時間順序展開的。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)完形填空NicoLeonardoisveryfamousinhistown.__1__heisonlytwelveyearsold,hehasalreadyfoundedhisownfreeprivateschooltohelpotherchildrenandevensomeadultswiththeirstudies.Nicolovesto__2__，andhewantstopasshispassion(激情)foreducationtoothers.Afterseeingsomeofhisclassmates__3__tokeepupatschoolandsomechildrenspendingmuchtimeplayingand__4__theirstudies,hemadeuphismindto__5__it.Lastyear,hetoldhisgrandmotherthathewantedto__6__hisownschoolandaskedhertohelphimbuilditnexttoher__7__.Sheagreed,andtodayNico’sschoolhasnearly40students.Heis__8__thathisschoolhasalreadymadea__9__formanyofthechildrenattendingthere.Nico’sschoolispretty__10__andpoorlyequippedcomparedwithmostregularschools.__11__，withthehelpofsomekindneighbors,it’sgettingbettereveryday.Theschoolhasbenches(長凳)anddesks,asmall__12__withabout100books,blackboardsandevenabell.Butwhat’smost__13__isthequalityoftheeducationandNico’sdevotiontohelpingothers.Nicolives20minutesawayfromhisgrandmother’shome,buteverydayheridestohisschooltoteachclassesondifferent__14__，likemathandEnglish.Evenifitisasnowyorrainyday,hewillnever__15__anyclasses.Sometimes,whenhisstudentscannotattendtheschool__16__，herunstheclassesatnighttoensuretheydon’t__17__ontheirstudies.Althoughmoststudentsare__18__thanNico,thereareafewadultsattendingclassesattheschoolaswell.Hedoeshisbesttohelpthestudents__19__theiracademicperformances,andmanysaythatattendinghisschoolhaspaidoff.“Ireally__20__whatNicoisdoingforusandjustbecauseofhim,I’mnowdoingwellinmystudies，”onestudentsaid.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了12歲的NicoLeonardo自己開設(shè)學(xué)校的故事。1．A.Because B．UnlessC．Although D．UntilC解析：根據(jù)語境可知，此句意為：盡管他只有12歲，但是他已經(jīng)成立了自己的免費私人學(xué)校來幫助其他孩子甚至成年人學(xué)習(xí)。所以此處用連詞Although，表示“盡管”。2．A.share B．exploreC．study D．thinkC解析：根據(jù)下文的andhewantstopasshispassion(激情)foreducationtoothers可知，他喜歡學(xué)習(xí)，并且很想把他對于教育的激情傳遞給他人。3．A.struggling B．preparingC．pretending D．choosingA解析：根據(jù)下文的tokeepupatschool可知，Nico看到有些同學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)非常吃力。4．A.continuing B．ignoringC．finishing D．reportingB解析：根據(jù)上文的somechildrenspendingmuchtimeplaying可知，此句意為：他也看到有些孩子經(jīng)常玩耍而忽視學(xué)習(xí)。5．A.explain B．punishC．change D．challengeC解析：根據(jù)上下文的內(nèi)容可推測，此處表達(dá)：當(dāng)他看到這些情況時，他下定決心改變這種狀況。6．A.describe B．inventC．design D．runD解析：根據(jù)下文的hisownschool可推測，Nico非常想開設(shè)一所自己的學(xué)校。7．A.hospital B．houseC．store D．farmB解析：根據(jù)下文的Nicolives20minutesawayfromhisgrandmother’shome可知，他想把學(xué)校設(shè)在奶奶家的附近。8．A.proud B．a(chǎn)shamedC．a(chǎn)fraid D．confusedA解析：根據(jù)上文的Sheagreed,andtodayNico’sschoolhasnearly40students.以及hisschool...formanyofthechildrenattendingthere可推測，此句表達(dá)：Nico感到很自豪。9．A.decision B．promiseC．difference D．planC解析：根據(jù)下文的內(nèi)容可知，他的學(xué)校對來上學(xué)的學(xué)生有一定的影響。makeadifference意為“發(fā)揮作用，有影響”。10．A.strange B．specialC．popular D．smallD解析：根據(jù)下文的andpoorlyequippedcomparedwithmostregularschools可推測，此處表達(dá)：Nico的學(xué)校相當(dāng)小。11．A.Besides B．InsteadC．Therefore D．HoweverD解析：根據(jù)下文的withthehelpofsomekindneighbors,it’sgettingbettereveryday可知，此處表達(dá)：然而在熱心鄰居的幫助下，學(xué)校越辦越好。12．A.shop B．libraryC．box D．cornerB解析：根據(jù)上文的Theschoolhasbenches(長凳)anddesks，和下文的blackboardsandevenabell可推測，此處表達(dá)：他的學(xué)校有一個大約100多本書的圖書館。13．A.successful B．impressiveC．obvious D．interestingB解析：根據(jù)下文的thequalityoftheeducationandNico’sdevotiontohelpingothers可知，此處表達(dá)：學(xué)校雖然有桌椅、圖書館、黑板等，但最大的亮點是教育的質(zhì)量和他幫助別人的衷心。14．A.aspects B．levelsC．themes D．subjectsD解析：根據(jù)下文的likemathandEnglish可知，Nico教不同的科目。15．A.avoid B．forgetC．repeat D．missD解析：根據(jù)語境可知，此處表達(dá)：不論是下雨天還是下雪天，他都不會不去上課。16．A.naturally B．commonlyC．regularly D．unbelievablyC解析：根據(jù)上文的cannot