書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-山東經(jīng)貿(mào)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Icouldseethatmywifewasthathavingthatfurcoat,whetherIapproveofitornot.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.adequate

B.intenton

C.shortof

D.deficientof

【答案】B

【解析】搭配題。A選項(xiàng)adequatefor勝任……的，合適……的；B選項(xiàng)intenton專心致志于，決心要實(shí)現(xiàn)；C選項(xiàng)shortof缺乏，不足，除……以外；D選項(xiàng)deficientof缺乏，不足。根據(jù)句意可知，無論我是否同意，我妻子都抱定決心要買那件毛皮大衣。因此，B項(xiàng)符合句意。

2.單選題

Itisperhaps,noaccidentthatmanyoftheoutstandingfiguresofthepastwereamazinglyversatilemen.Rightupuntilcomparativelyrecenttimes,itwaspossibleforanintelligentpersontoacquainthimselfwithalmosteverybranchofknowledge.Thus,amanofgeniuslikeLeonardodaVinciengagedinmanycareersatonceasamatterofcourse.DaVinciwassobusywithhisnumerousinventionsthathebarelyfoundthetimetocompletehispaintings.HecameveryneartofulfillingtheRenaissanceidealofthe"universalman",themanwhowasproficientateverything.Today,werarely,ifever,hearthatamusicianhasjustinventedanewtypeofsubmarine.

Knowledgehasbecomedividedandsub-dividedintocountless,narrowly-definedcompartments.Thespecialistisrespected;theversatileperson,farfrombeingadmired,ismoreoftenregardedwithsuspicion.Themodemworldisaworldofhighly-skilled"experts"whohavehadtodevotethegreaterpartoftheirlivestoaverylimitedfieldofstudyinordertocompetewiththeirfellows.Butthishasnotbeenachievedwithoutconsiderablecost.Thescientist,whooutsidehisownparticularsubjectislittlemorethanamoron,isamodemphenomenon;asisthemanofletterswhoisbarelyawareofthetremendousstridesthathavebeenmadeintechnology.Similarly,specializationhasindirectlyaffectedquiteordinarypeopleineverywalkoflife.Manyactivitieswhichwereoncepursuedfortheirownsakes,areoftengivenupindespair;theyrequiretechniques,theexpertstellus,whichtakealife-timetomaster.Whylearntoplaythepiano,whenyoucanlistentotheworld'sgreatestpianistsinyourowndrawing-room?

Littlebylittle,wearebecomingmoreandmoreisolatedfromeachother.Itisalmostimpossibletotalktoyourneighborabouthisjob,evenifheisengagedinroughlythesameworkasyouare.TheRoyalSocietyinBritainincludesamongitsmembersonlythemosteminentscientistsinthecountry.Yetitishighlydisturbingtofindthatevenhere,asoneofitsmembersputit,atalectureonly10%ofthememberscanunderstand50%ofwhatisbeingsaid!

1.Thepassageimpliesthat（）.

2.Theword"moron"(Paragraph2)mostprobablymeans（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingisthebestpossibletitleforthepassage?

4.Accordingtothepassage,inordertostandout,ascientistshould（）.

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.menofremarkableachievementsinthepastwereaccidentallyversatile

B.nogreatmaninthepastwasqualifiedasuniversalexceptdaVinci

C.nowadaysversatilemenaregenerallyhighlyregarded

D.nowadaysitisnearlyimpossibleforamantobeversatile

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.afoolishman

B.ahard-workingman

C.anexpert

D.amiserableman

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.HowtoBecomeaVersatileMan.

B.VersatileMen.

C.HowtoBecomeanIntelligentMan.

D.IntelligentMen.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.engageinasmanycareersaspossible

B.becomeamemberoftheRoyalSociety

C.confinehimselftoalimitedareaofstudy

D.beawareofthegreatprogressinscienceandtechnology

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.DaVinciwastoobusywithhismanyinventionstofinishhispaintings.

B.Inthemodemworldamancanbecomeversatilewithoutpayingtheprice.

C.Nowadaysamanoflettersscarcelyknowsaboutthechangesintechnology.

D.DuringtheRenaissancemuchemphasiswasplacedonbeinguniversal.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。第一段的最后一句為本文的主旨句“Today,werarely,ifever,hearthatamusicianhasjustinventedanewtypeofsubmarine.”這句話的潛在意思就是說:現(xiàn)在多才多藝的人越來越少。選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

2.語義題。原文中的分號(hào),以及as說明,前后是同類事物的比較。根據(jù)下文的whoisbarelyawareof可知，moron表示的是"什么都不知道的人",所以選項(xiàng)A正確。原文句意：有些科學(xué)家在他自己的研究領(lǐng)域之外和白癡一樣。

3.全文主旨題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要是講多才多藝的人，作者只是提出自己的看法，并沒有說如何成為一個(gè)多才多藝的人，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“..."experts"whohavehadtodevotethegreaterpartoftheirlivestoaverylimitedfieldofstudyinordertocompetewiththeirfellows.”科學(xué)們不得不把大部分的生命投入到一個(gè)非常有限的研究領(lǐng)域，以便與他們的同行競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

5.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第四句“Butthishasnotbeenachievedwithoutconsiderablecost.”這里采用雙重否定強(qiáng)調(diào)這一目標(biāo)的實(shí)現(xiàn)需要付出相當(dāng)大的代價(jià)。所以選項(xiàng)B與原文不符。

3.單選題

SinceJohnhassuchan（

）toflying,IamcertainthathewillnotwanttogotoBritainwithus.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.aviation

B.aviator

C.aversion

D.avocation

【答案】C

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。aviation“航空，飛行術(shù)”；aviator“飛行員”；aversion“厭惡，反感”；avocation“副業(yè)，業(yè)余愛好”。句意：既然約翰那么討厭乘飛機(jī)，那我可以肯定他將不會(huì)愿意和我們一起去英國(guó)。根據(jù)前后句關(guān)系可知答案C

4.單選題

The______wasa______ofgastronomicdelights.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.geny

B.gourmet...connoisseur

C.scientist...facilitator

D.tyro...master

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.geny內(nèi)科醫(yī)生……子孫B.gourmet...connoisseur美食家……鑒賞家

C.scientist...facilitator科學(xué)家……誘導(dǎo)者D.tyro...master初學(xué)者……能手

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞gastronomicdelights（特色美食）可知，兩個(gè)空格處都與美食相關(guān)，這與B項(xiàng)符合。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】這位美食家是美食的鑒賞家。

5.單選題

Thepartoftheenvironmentalmovementthatdrawsmyfirm’sattentionisthedesignofcities,buildingsandproducts.WhenwedesignedAmerica’sfirstso-called“green”officebuildinginNewYorktwodecadesago,wefeltvery（1）.Buttoday,thousandsofpeoplecometogreenbuildingconferences,andthe（2）thatbuildingscanbegoodforpeopleandtheenvironmentwillbeincreasinglyinfluentialinyearsto（3）.

Backin1984wediscoveredthatmostmanufacturedproductsfordecorationweren’tdesignedfor（4）use.The“energy-efficient”sealedcommercialbuildingsconstructedafterthe1970senergycrisis（5）indoorairqualityproblemscausedbymaterialssuchaspaint,wallcoveringandcarpet.Sofar20years,we’vebeenfocusingonthesematerials（6）tothemolecules,lookingforwaystomakethem（7）forpeopleandtheplanet.

Homebuilderscannowusematerials—suchaspaintsthatreleasesignificantly（8）amountsoforganiccompounds—thatdon’t（9）thequalityoftheair,water,orsoil.Ultimately,（10）,ourbasicdesignstrategyisfocusednotsimplyonbeing“l(fā)essbad”butoncreating（11）healthfulmaterialsthatcanbeeithersafelyreturnedtothesoil（12）reusedbyindustryagainandagain.Asamatterof（13）,theworld’slargestcarpetmanufacturerhasalreadydevelopedacarpetthatisfullyandsafely（14）.

Lookatitthisway:Noone（15）outtocreateabuildingthatdestroystheplanet.Butourcurrentindustrialsystemsare（16）causingtheseconditions,whetherwelikeitornot.So（17）ofsimplytryingtoreducethedamage,weare（18）apositiveapproach.We’regivingpeoplehigh-quality,healthfulproductsandanopportunitytomakechoicesthathavea（19）effectontheworld.It’snotjustthebuildingindustry,either.（20）citiesaretakingtheseenvironmentallypositiveapproachestodesign,planningandbuilding.Portland,SeattleandBostonhavesaidtheywanttobegreencities.Chicagowantstobethegreenestcityintheworld.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.alone

B.lonely

C.abandoned

D.isolated

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.practice

B.idea

C.outlook

D.scheme

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.go

B.arrive

C.come

D.continue

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.indoor

B.indoors

C.inward

D.inwards

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.displayed

B.exhibited

C.discovered

D.revealed

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.back

B.next

C.down

D.near

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.comfortable

B.safe

C.cautious

D.stable

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.reduced

B.descended

C.revised

D.delayed

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.deny

B.dissolve

C.depress

D.destroy

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.besides

B.anyhow

C.however

D.anyway

問題11選項(xiàng)

A.partially

B.completely

C.exactly

D.superficially

問題12選項(xiàng)

A.or

B.but

C.and

D.nor

問題13選項(xiàng)

A.interest

B.principle

C.fact

D.course

問題14選項(xiàng)

A.reprocessed

B.researched

C.reused

D.recyclable

問題15選項(xiàng)

A.starts

B.looks

C.pulls

D.makes

問題16選項(xiàng)

A.basically

B.traditionally

C.originally

D.inevitably

問題17選項(xiàng)

A.because

B.instead

C.out

D.regardless

問題18選項(xiàng)

A.adjusting

B.adopting

C.admitting

D.adapting

問題19選項(xiàng)

A.functional

B.precious

C.beneficial

D.sensible

問題20選項(xiàng)

A.Entire

B.Full

C.Total

D.Complete

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

第6題:C

第7題:B

第8題:A

第9題:D

第10題:C

第11題:B

第12題:A

第13題:C

第14題:D

第15題:A

第16題:D

第17題:B

第18題:B

第19題:C

第20題:A

【解析】1.考查近義詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)alone“孤獨(dú)的，單干的”；B選項(xiàng)lonely“寂寞的，偏僻的”；C選項(xiàng)abandoned“被拋棄的”；D選項(xiàng)isolated“偏遠(yuǎn)的，”。根據(jù)上下文：20年前，我們?cè)诩~約設(shè)計(jì)了美國(guó)第一個(gè)所謂的“綠色”辦公大樓，我們感覺。但是現(xiàn)在，成千上萬的人加入到綠色建筑會(huì)議…..。選項(xiàng)A符合語境。

2.考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)practice“實(shí)踐，練習(xí)”；B選項(xiàng)idea“想法，思想”；C選項(xiàng)outlook“展望，前景”；D選項(xiàng)scheme“計(jì)劃，詭計(jì)”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，that在這里引導(dǎo)的是同位語從句做填空處所填詞的同位語，由此可知，填空處填入的應(yīng)該是抽象名詞，選項(xiàng)B符合要求。

3.考查固定搭配。yearstocome意為“在接下來的幾年時(shí)間里”。選項(xiàng)C正確。

4.考查固定搭配。indoor意為“室內(nèi)的”；inward意為“向內(nèi)的，內(nèi)部的”。indooruse是固定用法，意為“室內(nèi)使用”，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

5.考查近義詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)display“顯示，陳列”；B選項(xiàng)exhibit“展覽，顯示”；C選項(xiàng)discover“發(fā)現(xiàn)”；D選項(xiàng)reveal“揭露，暴露”。根據(jù)句意：20世紀(jì)70年代能源危機(jī)后建造的“節(jié)能”密封商業(yè)建筑，由于油漆、墻面涂料和地毯等材料造成的室內(nèi)空氣質(zhì)量問題。選項(xiàng)D揭露問題更恰當(dāng)。

6.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)backto“回到”；B選項(xiàng)nextto“緊挨著，旁邊”；C選項(xiàng)downto“直到，下至”；D選項(xiàng)nearto“靠近，接近”。根據(jù)句意可知，這里指我們所關(guān)注的上至材料下至分子，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

7.考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)comfortable“舒適的”；B選項(xiàng)safe“安全的”；C選項(xiàng)cautious“謹(jǐn)慎的”；D選項(xiàng)stable“穩(wěn)定的”。根據(jù)原文可知，涉及到室內(nèi)空氣質(zhì)量問題，當(dāng)然是確保材料是安全可靠的，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

8.考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)reduced“減少的”；B選項(xiàng)descended“下降的”；C選項(xiàng)revised“改進(jìn)的”；D選項(xiàng)delayed“延時(shí)的”。根據(jù)句意可知，這里是指涂漆所釋放的有機(jī)化合物的數(shù)量明顯減少了，選項(xiàng)A正確。

9.考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)deny“否定，拒絕”；B選項(xiàng)dissolve“溶解”；C選項(xiàng)depress“壓抑，使沮喪”；D選項(xiàng)destroy“破壞，毀壞”。根據(jù)原文可知，現(xiàn)在的房屋建筑商所用的材料——比如釋放有機(jī)化合物數(shù)量明顯減少的涂漆——這些材料不會(huì)空氣、水或土壤的質(zhì)量。選項(xiàng)D符合語境。

10.考查邏輯連接詞。A選項(xiàng)besides“除了…，此外”；B選項(xiàng)anyhow“總之，無論如何”；C選項(xiàng)however“不管怎樣，然而”；D選項(xiàng)anyway“無論如何”。上文提及新的材料不會(huì)破壞空氣等的質(zhì)量，下一句說到我們的基本設(shè)計(jì)策略不僅僅是關(guān)注于“不那么糟糕”，前后形成了轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以選項(xiàng)C符合原文語境。

11.考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)partially“部分地”；B選項(xiàng)completely“完全地”；C選項(xiàng)exactly“恰好，正是”；D選項(xiàng)superficially“表面地”。句意：然而最終我們的基本設(shè)計(jì)策略不僅僅是關(guān)注于“不那么糟糕”，而是創(chuàng)造出完全安全的材料。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

12.考查固定搭配。根據(jù)前面的either可知，這里應(yīng)該填入連詞or，意為“要么…要么…”。原文句意：要么安全地返回到土壤，要么被工業(yè)重復(fù)利用。選項(xiàng)A正確。

13.考查固定搭配。Asamatteroffact意為“事實(shí)上”。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

14.考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)reprocessed“再加工的”；B選項(xiàng)researched“研究調(diào)查過的”；C選項(xiàng)reused“再生的”；D選項(xiàng)recyclable“可再循環(huán)的”。上文提到完全健康的材料要么安全地返回到土壤，要么被工業(yè)重復(fù)利用，也就是說這種材料是可以回收再循環(huán)利用的，所以選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

15.考查固定搭配。startoutto意為“開始，計(jì)劃”。所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

16.考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)basically“主要地，基本上”；B選項(xiàng)traditionally“傳統(tǒng)上，習(xí)慣上”；C選項(xiàng)originally“最初，起初”；D選項(xiàng)inevitably“必可避免地，必然地”。根據(jù)but可知前后構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，這里應(yīng)該是說現(xiàn)在的工業(yè)體系不可避免地導(dǎo)致了這些情況。選項(xiàng)D符合語境。

17.考查上下文語義。根據(jù)句意：因此，我們簡(jiǎn)單地試圖減少損失，而是采取積極的方式。所以應(yīng)該用insteadof“不是…而是….”符合語境，選項(xiàng)B正確。

18.考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)adjust“調(diào)整”；B選項(xiàng)adopt“采取”；C選項(xiàng)admit“承認(rèn)”；D選項(xiàng)adapt“適應(yīng)”。根據(jù)句意可知，這里是采取積極的措施，選項(xiàng)B正確。

19.考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)functional“功能的”；B選項(xiàng)precious“珍貴的”；C選項(xiàng)beneficial“有益的”；D選項(xiàng)sensible“明智的”。根據(jù)前面的句意可知，我們提供給人們的是高質(zhì)量、健康的產(chǎn)品，那這里所做出的選擇當(dāng)然是對(duì)社會(huì)產(chǎn)生有益的影響，所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

20.考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。A選項(xiàng)Entire“全部的，整個(gè)的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)沒有失去、減少或損壞的事物；B選項(xiàng)Full“完整的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)容充實(shí)；C選項(xiàng)Total“總的，徹底的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)總量；D選項(xiàng)Complete“完整的，完全的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)完整性。這里是指整個(gè)城市，選項(xiàng)A最為恰當(dāng)。

6.單選題

Conversely,it（）thatapparentlysimilardomainsmakeradicallydifferentuseofthoseconstituentwordsandhencedemonstrateextremelydifferentcollocationalpatterns.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.transpired

B.istranspired

C.maytranspire

D.maybetranspired

【答案】C

【解析】語法題。transpire在本題中作不及物動(dòng)詞，意思為“發(fā)生”，不及物動(dòng)詞無被動(dòng)語態(tài)。選項(xiàng)B和D可排除。又根據(jù)整個(gè)句子的時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，所以謂語動(dòng)詞不需要用過去式，選項(xiàng)A可排除。根據(jù)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后接動(dòng)詞原形，可知選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

7.翻譯題

疲勞是人們向醫(yī)生、朋友和親人最常抱怨的問題之一?；蛟S你認(rèn)為在這個(gè)擁有各種節(jié)省體力的裝置和方便的交通設(shè)施的時(shí)代。很少有人會(huì)有理由感到如此疲勞。然而，今天與用手捆干草，用搓衣板洗衣服的昔日相比，抱怨疲勞的人也許更多了。據(jù)醫(yī)生們說，疲倦更可能是由于過少的活動(dòng)所致，而不是過多的活動(dòng)所引起的。情緒問題和煩惱，特別是憂郁和焦慮，顯然是長(zhǎng)期疲勞最常見的原因。

【答案】Fatigueisoneofthemostcommonproblemscomplainedbypeopletodoctors,friendsandfolks.Perhapsyouthinkthatfewwouldhavereasonstofeeltiredintheeraoffullofallkindsofstrength-savingdeviceandconvenienttransportfacilities.However,maybemorepeoplecomplainaboutthefatiguenowadaysthantheolddayswhenbalinghaybyhandandwashingclotheswithawashboard.Asthedoctorsaid,fatigueismorelikelytoresultfromtoolittleactivity,andnottobecausedbytoomanyactivities.Emotionalproblemsandtrouble,especiallydepressionandanxiety,areclearlythemostcommoncauseofchronicfatigue.

8.單選題

AccordingtotheU.S.NationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministration(NHTSA),carcrashesaretheleadingcauseofdeathamongchildren__51__5and14yearsofage.SaysNHTSA:“Over50%ofchildrenwhodieincrashesare__52__bysafetydevices.__53__,4outof5childrenareimproperlyrestrained.”

TheNHTSAoffersanumberofsafetytipsand__54__forthosewhoareaccompaniedbychildrenwhiledriving.Althoughlaws__55__fromcountrytocountryandevenfromstatetostate,theseguidelinesmay__56__foodforthoughttomanyparentsandguardiansofchildren.Pleasecheckyourlocallawsanddo__57__youcantokeepyourpreciousbabysafe.

Thesafestplaceforallchildrenisinthebackseat.Infantsshouldbe__58__inarear-facingsafetyseatinthebackseatofthecar.Achildatleastayearoldand__59__atleast20poundsmaybeplacedinaforward-facingseat.At40pounds,thechildcanusea“boosterseat”,whichissecuredbyoneofthecar’slapandshoulder__60__.Atapproximately80poundsandaheightofaboutfourfeetnineinches,thechildmaybeginusinganadultsafetybelt.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.at

B.between

C.for

D.about

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.bound

B.undefined

C.unrestrained

D.inhibited

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Ofcourse

B.Oncontrary

C.Nevertheless

D.Inaddition

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.cautions

B.forms

C.notes

D.concept

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.work

B.vary

C.enforce

D.affect

問題6選項(xiàng)

A.giveway

B.differfrom

C.serveas

D.dealwith

問題7選項(xiàng)

A.whatever

B.whichever

C.that

D.which

問題8選項(xiàng)

A.tied

B.stuck

C.surrounded

D.placed

問題9選項(xiàng)

A.weight

B.weighted

C.weigh

D.weighing

問題10選項(xiàng)

A.stripes

B.belts

C.ribbons

D.bows

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

第6題:C

第7題:A

第8題:D

第9題:D

第10題:B

【解析】51.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.at在幾歲時(shí)B.between在……之間

C.for給；為了；因?yàn)椋痪汀訢.about關(guān)于；大約

【考查點(diǎn)】固定搭配

【解題思路】由空格后“5and14yearsofage”中的and可知，本題考查的是固定搭配between…and…“在……之間”，此處指5至14歲。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“在5歲和14歲”，雖然語法上沒有錯(cuò)誤，但沒有“5至14歲”符合語境；

C、D選項(xiàng)均無法與空格前后構(gòu)成相應(yīng)的邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】車禍?zhǔn)?至14歲兒童死亡的主要原因。

52.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.bound約束，限制B.undefined不明確的；未下定義的

C.unrestrained沒有被限制的D.inhibited禁止的

【考查點(diǎn)】上下文語義

【解題思路】本題所在句解釋車禍中去世的兒童的死因?？崭窈骲ysafetydevices“被安全設(shè)備”，根據(jù)常識(shí)，兒童在車禍中死亡應(yīng)該是沒有使用安全設(shè)備，C選項(xiàng)“沒有被安全設(shè)備限制”，是死亡原因，符合語義。另外，本題后一句中improperlyrestrained（限制不當(dāng)）也提示我們本題應(yīng)該填入unrestrained。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“被安全設(shè)備限制”，這樣會(huì)更安全，而不那么容易死亡，屬于反向干擾。

B、D選項(xiàng)均不符合語義。

【句意】死于車禍的兒童中超過50%沒有使用安全裝置。

53.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.Ofcourse當(dāng)然B.Oncontrary相反

C.Nevertheless然而D.Inaddition此外

【考查點(diǎn)】句間邏輯

【解題思路】本題前一句說“死于車禍的兒童中超過50%沒有使用安全裝置”，本題后一句說“五分之四的兒童沒有正確的使用安全裝置”，兩句之間語義方向一致，是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，D選項(xiàng)Inaddition“此外”可以表達(dá)遞進(jìn)的邏輯關(guān)系，符合語境。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“當(dāng)然”，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)；

B選項(xiàng)“相反”，表達(dá)對(duì)立的邏輯關(guān)系；

C選項(xiàng)“然而”，表達(dá)轉(zhuǎn)折的邏輯關(guān)系。

【句意】此外，五分之四的兒童沒有正確的使用安全裝置

54.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.cautions注意事項(xiàng)B.forms表格

C.notes注釋，說明D.concept概念，觀念

【考查點(diǎn)】句間邏輯

【解題思路】根據(jù)空格前and提示，空格處所填詞與safetytips“安全貼士”并列，A選項(xiàng)“注意事項(xiàng)”可與之構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系；另外兩者都是由美國(guó)國(guó)家高速公路安全管理局提出的，A選項(xiàng)“注意事項(xiàng)”符合語境。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D三個(gè)選項(xiàng)不能與“安全貼士”構(gòu)成符合邏輯的并列關(guān)系，并且也不符合由美國(guó)國(guó)家公路交通安全管理局提出的語境。

【句意】美國(guó)國(guó)家公路交通安全管理局為那些帶著小孩駕駛的人提供了一些安全提示和注意事項(xiàng)。

55.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.work起作用B.vary變化

C.enforce實(shí)施D.affect影響

【考查點(diǎn)】上下文語義與固定搭配

【解題思路】本題所在句指“法律在國(guó)與國(guó)之間，甚至是州與州之間怎么樣”，根據(jù)后文Pleasecheckyourlocallaws（請(qǐng)查看當(dāng)?shù)氐姆桑┩茢?，此處?yīng)該是說法律在不同的國(guó)家不同的州是不同的，B選項(xiàng)“變化”符合語義。另外，varyfromsomethingtosomething“根據(jù)情況變化”是固定搭配。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D選項(xiàng)均不符合上下文語義。

【句意】各國(guó)的法律不同，甚至州與州之間的法律也不同。

56.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.giveway讓路；撤退B.differfrom與……不同，區(qū)別于

C.serveas充當(dāng)……；起……的作用D.dealwith處理

【考查點(diǎn)】上下文語義

【解題思路】空格處是本句的謂語，其主語為“這些指導(dǎo)方針”，賓語為“許多孩子的家長(zhǎng)和監(jiān)護(hù)人的精神糧食（引起思考的東西）”，從語義上理解，應(yīng)該是表達(dá)這些指導(dǎo)方針是精神糧食（引起思考的東西），C選項(xiàng)“充當(dāng)……；起……的作用”可以表達(dá)這個(gè)意思。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、D三個(gè)選項(xiàng)均不符合上下文語義。

【句意】這些指導(dǎo)方針對(duì)許多父母和孩子的監(jiān)護(hù)人來說可能是值得思考的。

57.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.whatever任何事物B.whichever任何一個(gè)

C.that那D.which哪一個(gè)

【考查點(diǎn)】上下文語義。

【解題思路】本題所在句是一個(gè)祈使句，作用是給家長(zhǎng)們提建議保證兒童在車上的安全。由于前文已經(jīng)提到死于車禍的兒童絕大部分都沒有使用安全措施或使用不當(dāng)，后文使用了precious“寶貴的”形容寶寶，因此，此處作者的語氣應(yīng)該是強(qiáng)烈的，A選項(xiàng)dowhateveryoucan“盡你所能”符合上下文語義。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D三個(gè)選項(xiàng)均不能表達(dá)強(qiáng)烈的語氣。

【句意】盡你所能保護(hù)你寶貝孩子的安全。

58.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.tied系B.stuck刺

C.surrounded圍繞D.placed放置

【考查點(diǎn)】關(guān)聯(lián)上下文

【解題思路】本題所在句講的是嬰兒在車上要怎么坐；后一句講的是1歲的孩子應(yīng)該怎么坐。后文在表達(dá)同樣的意思時(shí)使用的是beplacedin，由此可得，本題D選項(xiàng)placed“放置”正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)均不符合上下文語義。

【句意】嬰兒應(yīng)被放置在汽車后座面向后方的安全座椅上。

59.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.weight重量，名詞；

加重量于，動(dòng)詞B.weighted加重的，形容詞；加重量于（weight的過去分詞）

C.weigh重量為，不及物動(dòng)詞D.weighing重量為（weigh的現(xiàn)在分詞）

【考查點(diǎn)】近義詞辨析

【解題思路】空格處前面是“一個(gè)孩子”，后面是“至少20磅”，此處想表達(dá)的是“重量為至少20磅的一個(gè)孩子”，應(yīng)使用動(dòng)詞weigh。另外，本句的謂語是maybeplaced，空格處應(yīng)填入的是非謂語做Achild的后置定語，因此D選項(xiàng)weighing（weigh的現(xiàn)在分詞）符合語境。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)weight表達(dá)“重量”時(shí)，是個(gè)名詞；做動(dòng)詞的意思是“增加重量”；

B選項(xiàng)weighted是動(dòng)詞weight“增加重量”的過去分詞；

C選項(xiàng)weigh是動(dòng)詞原形，不能做后置定語，且已經(jīng)有一個(gè)謂語了。

【句意】至少1歲、體重至少20磅的兒童可以坐在朝前的座位上。

60.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.stripes條紋布B.belts腰帶；帶子

C.ribbons綬帶，絲帶D.bows蝴蝶結(jié)；弓形物

【考查點(diǎn)】固定搭配

【解題思路】根據(jù)句意可知，此處指的是汽車上用來固定的安全帶，根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，是兩根帶子，并且汽車安全帶的固定表達(dá)使用的就是belt。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)stripes“條紋布”，側(cè)重于指條紋

C選項(xiàng)ribbons“綬帶，絲帶”，通常指用于捆綁或者裝飾用的帶子

D選項(xiàng)bows“蝴蝶結(jié)；弓形物”

【句意】40磅重的孩子可以使用由汽車的安全腰帶和肩帶固定“兒童座椅”。

9.單選題

Anargumentwas（

）becausetheydislikeeachothersomuch.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ridiculous

B.inevitable

C.excessive

D.conservative

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。ridiculous“荒唐的，荒謬的”；inevitable“不可避免的”；excessive“過量的”；conservative“保守的”。句意：由于他們彼此都很討厭對(duì)方,所以爭(zhēng)論就難以避免。根據(jù)上下文關(guān)系可知B項(xiàng)符合句意，答案B

10.單選題

Thepressisconstantlyremindingusthatthedramaticincreaseintheageofourpopulationoverthenext30orsoyearswillcausenationalhealthcaresystemstocollapse,economiestocrumpleunderthestrainofpensiondemandsanddisintegratingfamiliestobuckleunderincreasingcarecommitments.YetresearchatOxfordisbeginningtoexposesomeofthewidespreadmythsthatunderliethisrhetoric.Demographicagingisundoubtedlyareality.Lifeexpectancyindevelopedcountrieshasrisencontinuouslyoverthepastcentury,increasingthepercentageofthoseovertheageof60relativetothoseundertheageof15.By2030halfthepopulationofWesternEuropewillbeovertheageof50,withapredictedaveragelifeexpectancyofafurther40years.Bythen,aquarterofthepopulationwillbeover65andby2050theUK’scurrentnumbersof10,000centenariansarepredictedtohavereachedaquarterofamillion.SomedemographershaveevensuggestedthathalfofallbabygirlsbomintheWesttodaywilllivetoseethenextcentury.

（1）

Indeed,ifthiscouldbeachievedthroughouttheworld,itwouldsurelycountasthesuccessofcivilization,forthenwewouldalsohaveconqueredthekillersofpoverty,disease,famineandwar.

Decreasingmortalityratesincreasinglongevityanddecliningfertilitymeansmallerpercentagesofyoungpeoplewithinpopulations.Overthepast20yearslifeexpectancyatbirthintheUKhasrisenbyfouryearsformen(to75)andthreeyearsforwomen(to80).MeanwhilefertilityratesacrossEuropehavedeclinedmoreorlesscontinuouslyoverthepast40yearsandremainwellbelowthelevelsrequiredforEuropeanpopulationstobeabletoreplacethemselveswithoutsubstantiveimmigration.Butagain,ratherthanseeingthisasadoomandgloomscenario,weneedtoexplorethepositiveaspectsofthesedemographics.Thenext50yearsshouldprovideuswithallopportunitytoenjoythemanyadvantagesofasocietywithamaturepopulationstructure.

（2）

ThefirstoftheseisthecurrentpoliticalrhetoricwhichclaimsthathealthservicesacrosstheWesternWorldarecollapsingunderthestrainofdemographicageing.

（3）

Thesecondmythistheviewthattheratioofworkerstonon-workerswillbecomesoacutethatWesterneconomieswillcollapse,compoundedbyamassivegrowthinpensiondebt,Whilethereareundoubtedconcernsovercurrentpensionshortfalls,itisalsoclearthatworkingliveswillthemselveschangeoverthenextfewdecades,withapredictedincreaseinflexibleandpart.Timeworkandtheprobableextensionofworkinglifeuntiltheageof70.Indeed,wehavetorecognizethatwecannotexpecttoretireattheageof50andthenbeabletosupportourselvesforanother40orsoyear.Neitherasolidpensionschemenorsavingscancarrypeoplethatlong.

（4）

Afurthermythisthatwewillallliveinloose,multigenerationalfamilies,experiencingincreasedemotionaldistancingfromourkin.Evidencefromavarietyofstudiesacrossthedevelopedworldsuggeststhat,ifanything,themodernfamilyisactuallybecomingmoreclose-knit.WorkcarriedoutbytheOxfordInstituteinScandinaviaandinaPan-EuropeanFamilyCareStudy,forexample,showsthatdespitetheinfluenceofthewelfarestate,overthepast10years,peoplehavecometovaluefamilyrelationshipsmorethanpreviously.

（5）

Inthedevelopedworldtherefore,wecanseeactualbenefitsfrompopulationaging:abetterbalancebetweenagegroups,matureandlessvolatilesocieties,withanemphasisonageintegration.Theissueswillbeverydifferentinotherpartsoftheworld.

Hereinlaysanothermyth:thatthelessdevelopedworldwillescapeformdemographicaging.Instead,themassiveincreaseintheageofpopulationsfacingthesecountries-predictedtobeuptoonebillionolderpeoplewithin30years-ispotentiallydevastating.TheproblemisnotonlythatdemographicagingisoccurringatafargreaterpacethanwehaveseeninWesternnations,butalsothatfewifanydevelopingcountrieshavetheeconomicdevelopmentandinfrastructurenecessarytoprovidewidespreadpublicpensionsandhealthcaretothesegrowingelderlypopulations.

Asaresult,olderpeopleareamongthepoorestineverydevelopingcountry.Theyhavethelowestlevelsofincome,educationandliteracy,theylacksavingsandassets,haveonlylimitedaccesstowork,andevenintimesofcrisisareusuallythelasttobecaredforunderemergencyaidprograms.Perhapsofmostconcernishealthcare,forasweconqueracutediseases,wearegoingtoseearapidincreaseinlevelsofchronicillnessanddisability,butnolong-termcareprogrammesorfacilitiestotacklethis.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Sinceitislikelythatalongeractiveworkinglifewillcoincidewithapredictedlaborshortageresultingfromalackofyoungerworkers,weneedtoprovidetheopportunitiesandtrainingtoencourageoldermenandwomentoremaineconomicallyproductive.Ourstudiesshowthattherearebenefitsfromhavinganage-integratedworkforce.Itisanothermyththatolderworkersarelessproductivethanyoungerones.Infact,thecombinedenergyofyoungerworkerswiththeexperienceofolderonescanleadtoincreasedproductivitysomethingfromwhichyoungandoldalikewillbenefit

B.In2001.Inrecognitionofthesignificanceofthesedemographicchangesandtheglobalchallengesandopportunitiesthatwillaccompanythem,theOxfordInstituteofAgingwasestablishedattheUniversity.Itismadeupofresearchersindemography,sociology,economics,socialanthropology,philosophyandpsychology,withlinkstootherspecialistsinmedicine,biology,lawandpolicyinresearchunitsacrosstheUniversity.Thiscross-disciplinaryapproachhasmadeitpossibletochallengesomeofthemostpervasivemythsaboutagingsocieties.

C.AsInstitutehealthcareethicistKennethHoweepointsout,familyobligationstowardsolderrelativesmaychangeoverthenext20years.Butcurrentindicationsarethatfamiliesareretainingastrongresponsibilitytocare.Furthermore,associety’sage,thecontributoryroleofolderpeopleasgrandparentsbecomesmoreimportant.WorkbyInstituteresearchersonanotherEuropeanUnionstudyonmulti-generationalfamilieshashighlightedtherolethatgrandparentsplaybyfreeinguptheresponsibilitiesofdieyoungerreproductivepopulation.

D.Itisclearthatthechangingdemographiclandscapeposeschallengesforthefuture.Thenecessitynowistodevelopappropriateeconomic,socialandpoliticalstructurestotakeadvantageoftheopportunitiesthatmaturesocietieswillbring,whileensuringthatthereareappropriatesafetynetsforthoseleftvulnerablewithinthesepopulations-whichwillincludebothyoungandoldalike.

E.Ratherthanfearingsuchafuture,however,weshouldseethistrendasagreatsuccess.Itmustundoubtedlybeamajorachievementofcivilizationthatmostindividualswithinasocietycanexpecttoenjoyalongandhealthylifespan

F.GeorgeLeeson,ademographerattheInstitute,pointsoutthatwhileanumberofcrossnationalstudieshaveconsideredthedeterminantsofspiralinghealthcarecosts,onlyonehasfoundtheexplanatoryfactortobetheproportionofthepopulationaged65andoverRather,itisgrowthinincome,lifestylecharacteristicsandenvironmentalfactorssuchastechnologyanddrugsthataredrivinguphealthcarecosts.Inaddition,thecostsareshiftingbetweenpopulationgroups.Thekeyhere,headds,istodevelopsufficientlyflexiblehealthservicestructurestoshiftnotonlyeconomicresourcesbutalsopersonnel.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Sinceitislikelythatalongeractiveworkinglifewillcoincidewithapredictedlaborshortageresultingfromalackofyoungerworkers,weneedtoprovidetheopportunitiesandtrainingtoencourageoldermenandwomentoremaineconomicallyproductive.Ourstudiesshowthattherearebenefitsfromhavinganage-integratedworkforce.Itisanothermyththatolderworkersarelessproductivethanyoungerones.Infact,thecombinedenergyofyoungerworkerswiththeexperienceofolderonescanleadtoincreasedproductivitysomethingfromwhichyoungandoldalikewillbenefit

B.In2001.Inrecognitionofthesignificanceofthesedemographicchangesandtheglobalchallengesandopportunitiesthatwillaccompanythem,theOxfordInstituteofAgingwasestablishedattheUniversity.Itismadeupofresearchersindemography,sociology,economics,socialanthropology,philosophyandpsychology,withlinkstootherspecialistsinmedicine,biology,lawandpolicyinresearchunitsacrosstheUniversity.Thiscross-disciplinaryapproachhasmadeitpossibletochallengesomeofthemostpervasivemythsaboutagingsocieties.

C.AsInstitutehealthcareethicistKennethHoweepointsout,familyobligationstowardsolderrelativesmaychangeoverthenext20years.Butcurrentindicationsarethatfamiliesareretainingastrongresponsibilitytocare.Furthermore,associety’sage,thecontributoryroleofolderpeopleasgrandparentsbecomesmoreimportant.WorkbyInstituteresearchersonanotherEuropeanUnionstudyonmulti-generationalfamilieshashighlightedtherolethatgrandparentsplaybyfreeinguptheresponsibilitiesofdieyoungerreproductivepopulation.

D.Itisclearthatthechangingdemographiclandscapeposeschallengesforthefuture.Thenecessitynowistodevelopappropriateeconomic,socialandpoliticalstructurestotakeadvantageoftheopportunitiesthatmaturesocietieswillbring,whileensuringthatthereareappropriatesafetynetsforthoseleftvulnerablewithinthesepopulations-whichwillincludebothyoungandoldalike.

E.Ratherthanfearingsuchafuture,however,weshouldseethistrendasagreatsuccess.Itmustundoubtedlybeamajorachievementofcivilizationthatmostindividualswithinasocietycanexpecttoenjoyalongandh