書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-天津藝術(shù)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Thehighcostforgettingtherewas（

）bythefactthatIfoundaverycheapplacetolive.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.offset

B.participated

C.elaborated

D.reclaimed

【答案】C

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)offset“抵消，彌補(bǔ)”；B選項(xiàng)participate“參與，分享”；C選項(xiàng)elaborate“詳細(xì)描述，變復(fù)雜”；D選項(xiàng)reclaim“開拓，抗議”。句意：到這里的成本高是因?yàn)槭虑樽兊脧?fù)雜，我找到了一個(gè)非常便宜的地方住。選項(xiàng)C更符合語境。

2.單選題

Yourexcusethatanelephantfellonyouandmadeyoulateisjust（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.inevitable

B.incredible

C.indispensable

D.incurable

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。inevitable意為“不可避免的”；incredible意為“不能相信的，難以置信的”；indispensable意為“不可或缺的，必不可少的”；incurable意為“無法治愈的”。由“anelephantfellonyou（一只大象落在你身上）”導(dǎo)致遲到這樣的借口，通常會(huì)讓人覺得這是難以置信的，因此選B。

句意：你找的借口說一只大象落在你身上，使你遲到了，這根本是不可信的。

3.單選題

Oneofthemostdifficultaspectsofdecidingwhethercurrentclimaticeventsrevealevidenceoftheimpactofhumanactivitiesisthatitishardtogetameasureofwhatconstitutesthenaturalvariabilityoftheclimate.Weknowthatoverthepastmillenniatheclimatehasundergonemajorchangeswithoutanysignificanthumanintervention.Wealsoknowthattheglobalclimatesystemisimmenselycomplicatedandthateverythingisinsomewayconnected,andsothesystemiscapableoffluctuatinginunexpectedways.Weneedthereforetoknowhowmuchtheclimatecanvaryofitsownaccordinordertointerpretwithconfidencetheextenttowhichrecentchangesarenaturalasopposedtobeingtheresultofhumanactivities.

Instrumentalrecordsdonotgobackfarenoughtoprovideuswithreliablemeasurementsofglobalclimaticvariabilityontimescaleslongerthanacentury.Whatwedoknowisthatasweincludelongertimeintervals,therecordshowsincreasingevidenceofslowswingsinclimatebetweendifferentregimes.Tobuildupabetterpictureoffluctuationsappreciablyfurtherbackintimerequiresustouseproxyrecords.

Overlongperiodsoftime,substanceswhosephysicalandchemicalpropertieschangewiththeambientclimateatthetimecanbedepositedinasystematicwaytoprovideacontinuousrecordofchangesinthosepropertiesovertime,sometimesforhundredsorthousandsofyears.Generally,thelayeringoccursonanannualbasis,henceheobservedchangesintherecordscanbedated.Informationontemperature,rainfall,andotheraspectsoftheclimatethatcanbeinferredfromthesystematicchangesinpropertiesisusuallyreferredtoasproxydata.ProxytemperaturerecordshavebeenreconstructedfromicecoredrilledoutofthecentralGreenlandicecap,calciteshellsembeddedinlayeredlakesedimentsinWesternEurope,oceanfloorsedimentcoresfromthetropicalAtlanticOcean,icecoresfromPeruvianglaciers,andicecoresfromeasternAntarctica.Whiletheserecordsprovidebroadlyconsistentindicationsthattemperaturevariationscanoccuronaglobalscale,therearenonethelesssomeintriguingdifferences,whichsuggestthatthepatternoftemperaturevariationsinregionalclimatescanalsodiffersignificantlyfromeachother.

Whattheproxyrecordsmakeabundantlyclearisthattherehavebeensignificantnaturalchangesintheclimateovertimescaleslongerthanafewthousandyears.Equallystriking,however,istherelativestabilityoftheclimateinthepast10,000years(theHoloceneperiod).

Totheextentthatthecoverageoftheglobalclimatefromtheserecordscanprovideameasureofitstruevariability,itshouldatleastindicatehowallthenaturalcausesofclimatechangehavecombined.Theseincludethechaoticfluctuationsoftheatmosphere,theslowerbutequallyerraticbehavioroftheoceans,changesinthelandsurfaces,andtheextentoficeandsnow.Alsoincludedwillbeanyvariationsthathavearisenfromvolcanicactivity,solaractivity,and,possibly,humanactivities.

1.Whichofthefollowingmustwefindoutinordertodeterminetheimpactofhumanactivitiesuponclimate?

2.Scientistsareabletoreconstructproxytemperaturerecordsby（

）.

3.ProxydatahavesuggestedallofthefollowingabouttheclimateEXCEPT:

（

）.

4.Theword‘‘erratic”intheparagraph5isclosestinmeaningto（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Themajorchangesinclimateoverthepastmillennia.

B.Thedegreetowhichtheclimatevariesnaturally.

C.Thebestmethodformeasuringclimaticchange.

D.Themillenniumwhenhumansbegantointerferewiththeclimate.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.studyingregionaldifferencesintemperaturevariations.

B.studyinganddatingchangesinthepropertiesofsubstances.

C.observingchangesinpresentdayclimateconditions.

D.inferringpastclimateshiftsfromobservationsofcurrentclimaticchanges.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Regionalclimatesmaychangeovertime.

B.Theclimatehaschangedverylittleinthepast10,000years.

C.Globaltemperaturesvarymorethanregionaltemperatures.

D.Importantnaturalchangesinclimatehaveoccurredoverlargetimescales.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.dramatic

B.important

C.unpredictable.

D.common

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:C

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題目提問‘為了確定人類活動(dòng)對氣候的影響，我們必須找出以下哪一項(xiàng)？根據(jù)文章第一段中“Oneofthemostdifficultaspectsofdecidingwhethercurrentclimaticeventsrevealevidenceoftheimpactofhumanactivitiesisthatitishardtogetameasureofwhatconstitutesthenaturalvariabilityoftheclimate.要判斷當(dāng)前的氣候事件是否揭示了人類活動(dòng)影響的證據(jù)，最困難的一個(gè)方面是很難衡量是什么構(gòu)成了氣候的自然變化?！保_定判斷人類對氣候的影響之前必須確定自然的影響，所以B選項(xiàng)“氣候自然變化的程度”正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目提問‘科學(xué)家能通過什么重建替代溫度記錄？’根據(jù)文章第三段中第三句“ProxytemperaturerecordshavebeenreconstructedfromicecoredrilledoutofthecentralGreenlandicecap,calciteshellsembeddedinlayeredlakesedimentsinWesternEurope,oceanfloorsedimentcoresfromthetropicalAtlanticOcean,icecoresfromPeruvianglaciers,andicecoresfromeasternAntarctica.從格陵蘭島中部冰冠鉆出的冰芯、嵌在西歐分層湖泊沉積物中的方解石殼、熱帶大西洋洋底沉積物的冰芯、秘魯冰川的冰芯和南極洲東部的冰芯重建了代理溫度記錄?！?。原文談及很多重建溫度的方法，無論是冰川，沉積物還是碳酸鹽，都屬“substance物質(zhì)”，所以B選項(xiàng)“研究和測定物質(zhì)性質(zhì)的變化”正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目提問‘代理數(shù)據(jù)表明了如下所有關(guān)于氣候的內(nèi)容，除了……？’根據(jù)第四段第一句“Whattheproxyrecordsmakeabundantlyclearisthattherehavebeensignificantnaturalchangesintheclimateovertimescaleslongerthanafewthousandyears.代理記錄充分表明，在超過幾千年的時(shí)間跨度內(nèi)，氣候發(fā)生了重大的自然變化?！笨膳懦鼳選項(xiàng)‘隨著時(shí)間的推移，地區(qū)氣候可能會(huì)發(fā)生變化’和D選項(xiàng)‘氣候的重要自然變化是在大的時(shí)間尺度上發(fā)生的’。根據(jù)第二句“Equallystriking,however,istherelativestabilityoftheclimateinthepast10,000years(theHoloceneperiod).然而，同樣令人驚訝的是在過去的一萬年（全新世）中氣候變化的相對來說很穩(wěn)定。”可排除B選項(xiàng)‘在過去的一萬年里，氣候變化非常小?！虼耍珻項(xiàng)‘全球氣溫的變化比地區(qū)氣溫的變化更大’在文中沒有體現(xiàn)，符合題意。

4.詞義猜測題。題目提問‘第五段中"erratic”最接近什么意思？’根據(jù)上下文，“erratic行為古怪，反復(fù)無常”與前文中“chaoticfluctuationsoftheatmosphere變化多端的大氣波動(dòng)”的“chaotic混沌的；一團(tuán)糟的”相對應(yīng)，因此，C選項(xiàng)“無法預(yù)言的；不可預(yù)測”符合語境。

4.單選題

Thechimneyvomitedacloudofsmoke.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.ignited

B.immersed

C.emitted

D.hugged

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。vomit在句中是“吐出，噴出”；A選項(xiàng)ignited“點(diǎn)燃”；B選項(xiàng)immersed“浸入”；C選項(xiàng)emitted“釋放，放出”；D選項(xiàng)hugged“擁抱”。句意：煙囪吐出一團(tuán)煙。所以選C。

5.單選題

This（）girlisMary'scousin.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.prettylittleSwedish

B.Swedishlittlepretty

C.Swedishprettylittle

D.littleprettySwedish

【答案】A

【解析】考查多個(gè)形容詞修飾名詞時(shí)的詞序。通常順序是:?限定詞—表示說話人評價(jià)的形容詞—表示大小、形狀、新舊的形容詞—表示顏色的形容詞—表示國別、來源、材料的形容詞—表示用途或目的的形容詞或分詞,名詞等類別詞—名詞中心詞。根據(jù)規(guī)則,選項(xiàng)A正確。

6.翻譯題

ThegovernmentisdesperatetosellthemosttroubledofSouthKorea’sbigcompaniestoforeigners.This,ministersbelieve,isthebestwaytoacceleratethecorporaterestructuringbeguninthewakeoftheAsianfinancialcrisisin1997,andtoclearthewayformoresustainableeconomicgrowth.Thisweek,aftermonthsofon-offtalkswithforeignsuitors,thegovernment’splansmovedabigstepforward,andthenanequallybigstepback.

【答案】政府急切地想把韓國處境最艱難的公司賣給外國人。官員們相信，這是加快自1997年金融危機(jī)開始的企業(yè)重組的最佳途徑，也是為可持續(xù)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長開辟道路的最佳途徑。在與外國收購者進(jìn)行了數(shù)月斷斷續(xù)續(xù)的談判后，本周，政府的計(jì)劃向前邁出了一大步，然后又后退了一大步。

7.單選題

Wehavebeentoldthatyoungpeoplehavetogotocollegebecauseoureconomycan’tabsorbanarmyofuntrainedeighteen-year-olds.Butdisappointinggraduatesarelearningthatitcannolongerabsorbanarmyoftrainedtwenty-two-year-olds,either.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.gotocollege

B.anarmyof

C.disappointinggraduates

D.either

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞的使用。disappointing是形容詞，表示“令人失望的”，一般用于事物給人的感覺，修飾是事物，這里修飾的名詞是graduates（畢業(yè)生），該處應(yīng)該要表示“感到失望的畢業(yè)生”，所以要用disappointed（感到失望的）。句意：我們被告知，年輕人必須上大學(xué)，因?yàn)槲覀兊慕?jīng)濟(jì)無法吸納大批未經(jīng)訓(xùn)練的18歲青年。但失望的畢業(yè)生們發(fā)現(xiàn)，它也無法再吸收大批訓(xùn)練有素的22歲年輕人。因此，該題選擇C項(xiàng)。

8.單選題

Noverysatisfactoryaccountofthemechanismthatcausedtheformationoftheoceanbasinshasyetbeengiven.Thetraditionalviewsupposesthattheuppermantleoftheearthbehavesasaliquidwhenitissubjectedtosmallforcesforlongperiodsandthatdifferencesintemperatureunderoceansandcontinentsaresufficienttoproduceconvectioninthemantleoftheearthwithrisingconvectioncurrentsunderthemid-oceanridgesandsinkingcurrentsunderthecontinents.Theoretically,thisconvectionwouldcarrythecontinentalplatesalongasthoughtheywereonaconveyorbeltandwouldprovidetheforcesneededtoproducethesplitthatoccursalongtheridge.Thisviewmaybecorrect:ithastheadvantagethatthecurrentsaredrivenbytemperaturedifferencesthatthemselvesdependonthepositionofthecontinents.Suchaback-coupling,inwhichthepositionofthemovingplatehasanimpactontheforcesthatmoveit,couldproducecomplicatedandvaryingmotions.

Ontheotherhand,thetheoryisimplausiblebecauseconvectiondoesnotnormallyoccuralonglines,anditcertainlydoesnotoccuralonglinesbrokenbyfrequentoffsetsorchangesindirection,astheridgeis.AlsoitisdifficulttoseehowthetheoryappliestotheplatebetweentheMid-AtlanticRidgeandtheridgeintheIndianOcean.Thisplateisgrowingonbothsides,andsincethereisnointermediatetrench,thetworidgesmustbemovingapart.Itwouldbeoddiftherisingconvectioncurrentskeptexactpacewiththem.Analternativetheoryisthatthesinkingpartoftheplate,whichisdenserthanthehottersurroundingmantle,pullstherestoftheplateafterit.AgainitisdifficulttoseehowthisappliestotheridgeintheSouthAtlantic,whereneithertheAfricannortheAmericanplatehasasinkingpart.

Anotherpossibilityisthatthesinkingplatecoolstheneighboringmantleandproducesconvectioncurrentsthatmovetheplates.Thislasttheoryisattractivebecauseitgivessomehopeofexplainingtheenclosedseas,suchastheSeaofJapan.Theseseashaveatypicaloceanicfloor,exceptthatthefloorisoverlaidbyseveralkilometersofsediment.Theirfloorshaveprobablybeensinkingforlongperiods.Itseemspossiblethatasinkingcurrentofcooledmantlematerialontheuppersideoftheplatemightbethecauseofsuchdeepbasins.Theenclosedseasareanimportantfeatureoftheearth’ssurface,andseriouslyrequireexplanationinbecause,additiontotheenclosedseasthataredevelopingatpresentbehindislandarcs,thereareanumberofolderonesofpossiblysimilarorigin,suchastheGulfofMexico,theBlackSea,andperhapstheNorthSea.

26.Accordingtothetraditionalviewoftheoriginoftheoceanbasins,whichofthefollowingissufficienttomovethecontinentalplates?

27.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat,ofthefollowing,thedeepestsedimentswouldbefoundinthe（）.

28.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingareseparatedbyaplatethatisgrowingonbothsides?

29.Theauthorrefersto"conveyerbelt"inSentence3,Paragraph1,inorderto（）.

30.Whichofthefollowingtitleswouldbestdescribethecontentofthepassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Increasesinsedimentationonoceanfloors.

B.Spreadingofoceantrenches.

C.Movementofmid-oceanridges.

D.Differencesintemperatureunderoceansandcontinents.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.IndianOcean

B.BlackSea

C.Mid-Atlantic

D.SouthAtlantic

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.ThePacificOceanandtheSeaofJapan.

B.TheSouthAtlanticRidgeandtheNorthSeaRidge.

C.TheGulfofMexicoandtheSouthAtlanticRidge.

D.TheMid-AtlanticRidgeandtheIndianOceanRidge.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.illustratetheeffectsofconvectioninthemantle

B.showhowtemperaturedifferencesdependonthepositionsofthecontinents

C.demonstratethelinearnatureoftheMid-AtlanticRidge

D.describethecomplicatedmotionsmadepossiblebyback-coupling

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.ADescriptionoftheOceansoftheWorld

B.SeveralTheoriesofOceanBasinFormation

C.TheTraditionalViewoftheOceans

D.ConvectionandOceanCurrents

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】26.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干中的traditionalview，將信息點(diǎn)定位為第一段第二句。Thetraditionalviewsupposesthattheuppermantleoftheearthbehavesasaliquidwhenitissubjectedtosmallforcesforlongperiodsandthatdifferencesintemperatureunderoceansandcontinentsaresufficienttoproduceconvectioninthemantleoftheearthwithrisingconvectioncurrentsunderthemid-oceanridgesandsinkingcurrentsunderthecontinents.（傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為，地球上地幔長期受小力量作用時(shí)表現(xiàn)為液體，海洋和大陸下的溫差足以產(chǎn)生地幔對流，大洋中脊下對流上升，大陸下對流下降。）從而得出本題答案。

27.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干中的sediments，將信息點(diǎn)定位為最后一段第三句。Theseseashaveatypicaloceanicfloor,exceptthatthefloorisoverlaidbyseveralkilometersofsediment.（這些海洋有一個(gè)典型的海底，只是海底覆蓋著幾公里長的沉積物。）通過對比答案與尾段內(nèi)容，答案為尾段尾句的BlackSea。從而得出本題答案。

28.

細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干中的plate,isgrowingonbothsides，將信息點(diǎn)定位為第二段第三句。Thisplateisgrowingonbothsides,andsincethereisnointermediatetrench,thetworidgesmustbemovingapart.此句中的this指代前一句的theMid-AtlanticRidgeandtheridgeintheIndianOcean。從而得出本題答案。

29.

語義題。根據(jù)題干的提示，將信息點(diǎn)定位為第一段第三句。Theoretically,thisconvectionwouldcarrythecontinentalplatesalongasthoughtheywereonaconveyorbeltandwouldprovidetheforcesneededtoproducethesplitthatoccursalongtheridge.第一段用很長的句子來描述地球表層的運(yùn)動(dòng)，緊接著用conveyorbelt來描述運(yùn)動(dòng)的結(jié)果。從而得出本題答案。

30.

主旨題。文章第一段第一句為全文的主題句，Noverysatisfactoryaccountofthemechanismthatcausedtheformationoftheoceanbasinshasyetbeengiven.（關(guān)于造成海洋盆地形成的機(jī)理，至今還沒有一個(gè)非常令人滿意的解釋。）說明文章的內(nèi)容，即：關(guān)于oceanbasins形成的不同學(xué)說。從而得出本題答案。

9.單選題

7.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Heisabig-wavesurfer.

B.Heisatroublemaker.

C.Heisaniceguy.

D.Heisveryweird.

【答案】B

【解析】W:Joeisalwaystryingtomakewaves.

M:Right.Heisreallyajerk.

Q:WhatdothespeakersthinkofJoe?

【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。男士說：Heisreallyajerk(他是一個(gè)不折不扣的混蛋)。

10.單選題

Criticsbelievethatthecontroloftelevisionbymassadvertisinghas（

）thequalityoftheprogram.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.lessened

B.declined

C.affected

D.effected

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。lessen“使……變小”；decline“下降，衰落”；affect“影響，感染”；effect“發(fā)生，引起”。句意：評論家們認(rèn)為，鋪天蓋地的電視廣告已經(jīng)影響了節(jié)目的質(zhì)量。根據(jù)句意可知C項(xiàng)正確，答案C

11.單選題

Itgoeswithoutsayingthatpollution（

）aseriousthreattothecontinuedexistenceofsomespecieslivingonearth.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.poses

B.imposes

C.provokes

D.evokes

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)pose“造成，擺姿勢”；B選項(xiàng)impose“強(qiáng)加”；C選項(xiàng)provoke“驅(qū)使，激怒”；D選項(xiàng)evoke“引起，喚起”。句意：毫無疑問，污染對地球上某些物種的繼續(xù)生存造成了嚴(yán)重的威脅。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

12.單選題

Herinterestinredecoratingthebighousekepther（

）forawholeweek.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.constrained

B.dominated

C.restricted

D.occupied

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。constrained“被強(qiáng)迫的”；dominated“占主導(dǎo)地位的”；restricted“受限制的’；occupied“使用中的；無空閑的”。句意：她熱衷于給這個(gè)大房子重新裝修，為此她會(huì)忙碌整個(gè)星期。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

13.單選題

InNewOrleans,MoonWalk—apathwayalongastretchoftheMississippi—nowprovidesthepublicaccessthathadpreviouslybeendenieD.It'sacharmingplace,whereonenightrecentlyabandplayedonthewalkastouristsandresidentsoftheadjacentVieuxCarre(theOldQuarterorFrenchQuarter)strolledpast.Afewfeetwest,thepaddlewheelerNatchezsoundeditswhistle,signalingitsimminentdeparture.

NowthecityplanstoextendpublicaccesstotheareaadjoiningMoonWalkinanambitiousdesignthatwill,thecityhopes,beapartofitsdevelopmentforthenextworld'sfair.Thismoreambitiousconceptforthewaterfrontwillbelikelytostirconsiderabledebateascompetingprojectsviefortheopportunitiesforprofit.Thedevelopmentwillthereforerequiresubstantialparticipation,cooperationandscrutinybycitizenstomakesurethatwhileprivateprofitabilityismaintained,thepublic'sneedsaresatisfied,too.

Thejointeffortsofenvironmentalists,business-people,civicleadersandpoliticianshavetransformedabandonedportlandscapesincitiesthroughoutAmericaintoexcitingcommercialandrecreationalcenters.ExamplesarethecanneryinSanFrancisco,theRiverfrontWalkinSanAntonioFaneuilhallMarketinBostonandHarborplaceinBaltimore.

It'seasytounderstandwhytheportareaswereneglecteD.Whichmanycitiesweregrowingupalongrivers,lakesandnaturalharbors,dependingonwater-bornecommerce,waterfrontsthriveD.AfterWorldWarII,however,technologicalchangesintransportation—improvedplanesandairports,theinterstatehighwaysystemlargertracksforfreighttrainsandcontainerizedshipping——mademanyoldportfacilitiesobsolete.Waterfrontareasbecameperipheraltothelifeofthecity.Pierswereabandoned,andthewater?frontslayidleinmanyoldercities,parallelingthemoregeneralurbandecay.

Withthe1970'scameaperiodofreflectiononthisconditionandaresurgenceofurbanpride.Urbanrenewalstoppedbeingalicenseforlarge—scaledemolition:politiciansandplannerstookahardlookattheiravailableresourcesandbegantoexperimentwithnewdevelopmenttechniques.Waterfrontsbecomeonefocusofthelargeurbanrevitalizationeffort.

1.TheoverallimpressionofMoonWalkconveyedinthefirstparagraphisthatitis（）.

2.Asusedinthepassage,theword"vie"(Para.2,Line4)mostnearlymeans（）.

3.Theauthorimpliesthatsuccessfulrenewalofawaterfrontarearequiresthat（）.

4.BetweenWorldWarIIandthe1970's,waterfrontsbecame（）.

5.Theprimarypurposeofthispassageistodescribe（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.crowded

B.noisy

C.large

D.pleasant

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.ask

B.compete

C.prepare

D.provide

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.bothpublicandprivateinterestsbeconsidered

B.designslikethatofMoonWalkbeused

C.technologicalchangesintransportationbemade

D.historicalmonumentsbepreserved

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.centersforwater-bornecommerce

B.commercialandrecreationalcenters

C.sitesofurbandecay

D.thefocusofrevitalizationefforts

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.therenewalofwaterfrontareas

B.MoonWalkinNewOrleans

C.thecausesofurbandecay

D.businessexpansionofurbanareas

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知,MoonWalk給人的總體印象是一個(gè)迷人的地方,說明能使人愉悅,所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

2.詞義判斷題。根據(jù)原文"competingprojectsviefortheopportunitiesforprofit."既然是競爭型的項(xiàng)目,當(dāng)然是為贏得利益的機(jī)會(huì)進(jìn)行競爭,所以選項(xiàng)B符合原文句意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的最后一句"Thedevelopment...thepublic'sneedsaresatisfied,too."發(fā)展將需要公民的大量參與、合作和監(jiān)督,以確保在保持個(gè)人盈利的同時(shí),也能滿足公眾的需求。所以選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞"the1970's"定位到最后一段,本句中所提到的現(xiàn)象即上一段末尾提及的"Waterfrontareasbecame...generalurbandecay."海濱地區(qū)成了城市的邊緣地帶。碼頭被廢棄了,濱水地區(qū)在許多老城市中閑置著,類似于城市哀退的狀況。所以選項(xiàng)C正確。

5.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知本文主要是講述濱水地區(qū)的復(fù)興問題,即重建濱江區(qū),所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

14.單選題

CrowdcontrolcouldsoonbecomeacrucialskillforclimbersonMountEverest,asimportantasphysicalstrengthorwatchingtheweather.Inasingledaylastweek,nearly40peoplereachedthetopoftheworld—arecord.Reportssentbysatellitetelephonefrombasecampspokeofqueuesatdangerousridgesandcrowdedaspeoplepassedeachotherinthefinaldashforthe8,848meters(29,129ft)summit.

Moretraditionalmountaineerssneer(嘲笑)atthecircusatmospheresurroundingEverestinrecentyears,andtherearewarningsthatthecrowdsaremakingthemountainmoredangerous.Overcrowdinghasalreadytakenitstoll.In1996,14diedonthemountainwhenthemembersofseveralexpeditionsweretrappedathighaltitudesbysuddensnowstorm.BadweatherinearlyMayledtothisyear’sjamonthesummitridge,butthetoll,luckily,waslight.Justfourclimbersdied,includingaNepaliSherpawhohadmade11previoussuccessfulclimbing.

Traditionalistsarealsoworriedaboutthegrowingtendencyofexpeditionstosetrecordsandachieve“firsts”,ratherthansimplyclimbthemountain.Thisyear’scropofsummiteersincludedtheoldestman,64-year-oIdShermanBullfromConnecticut,andtheyoungest:16-year-oldTembaTsheriSherpaofNepal.AnAmericanwithonlyonearmwasonthemountainthisyear;anIndianwithnolegsalsotriedbuttonoavail.Inthemostspectacularfeat,ErikWeihenmeyer,anAmerican,becamethefirstblindpersontoreachthetopoftheworld.Hisfellowclimbersstayedinfrontofhimonthewayup,describingtheterrainandringingbells.

NepalviewsMountEverestassomethingofacashcow;thegovernmentchargesexpeditionsaminimumof$70,000.ThatisprobablywhyofficialsinKatmanduareignoringconcernsaboutovercrowdingandtalkingaboutevenmoreclimberscomingnextyear.Butacelebrationofthe48thanniversaryofthefirstconquestofEverest,bySirEdmundHillaryandSherpaTenzingNorgay,wascancelledafterviolentstrikes,calledbytheCommunistopposition.Retuningclimberswhothoughttheirchallengewasoverhadtowalkfromhoteltoairportsotheycouldflyhometotheusualtriumphalwelcome.TumultuousNepalipolitics,itseems,couldbejustthecrowd-controlmeasurethatEverestneeds.

1.WhatisimportanttoclimbersonMountEverest?

2.Moreaccidentshavehappenedinrecentyearsdueto（

）.

3.Severalsummiteersarementionedinthethirdparagraphtoshow

（

）.

4.TheattitudeoftheNepaligovernmenttowardthecircusatmosphereis

（

）.

5.AnanniversarycelebrationofthefirstconquestofEverestwascancelleddueto（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Watchingtheweather.

B.Makingafinaldash.

C.Psychologicaladjustment.

D.Groupmanagement.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.badgeographicalconditions

B.carelessnessoftheclimbers

C.overcrowding

D.snowstorms

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theircourage

B.theirdiversity

C.theirgreatachievements

D.theircommonmotivation

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.indifferent

B.welcoming

C.worried

D.concerned

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.overcrowding

B.politicalreasons

C.thereturningoftheclimbers

D.thelackofcrowd-controlmeasure

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞importanttoclimbers定位到文章第一段中，由第一段第一句CrowdcontrolcouldsoonbecomeacrucialskillforclimbersonMountEverest,asimportantasphysicalstrengthorwatchingtheweather（人群控制很快就會(huì)成為珠穆朗瑪峰登山者的一項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵技能，與身體素質(zhì)和觀察天氣一樣重要）可知身體素質(zhì)與觀察天氣對登山者很重要，因此選A。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞accidents定位至文章第二段中，由第一段第一二句MoretraditionalmountaineerssneeratthecircusatmospheresurroundingEverestinrecentyears,andtherearewarningsthatthecrowdsaremakingthemountainmoredangerous.Overcrowdinghasalreadytakenitstoll.（近年來，越來越多的傳統(tǒng)登山者嘲笑珠穆朗瑪峰周圍的氣氛，并警告說，人群正在使珠穆朗瑪峰變得更加危險(xiǎn)。過度擁擠已經(jīng)造成了損失）可知C選項(xiàng)“過度擁擠”符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。由文章第三段中的Traditionalistsarealsoworriedaboutthegrowingtendencyofexpeditionstosetrecordsandachieve“firsts”，ratherthansimplyclimbthemountain.（傳統(tǒng)主義者也擔(dān)心探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)越來越傾向于創(chuàng)造記錄并取得“第一”，而不是簡單地爬山）可推測后面所舉的Severalsummiteers例子是為了說明他們的動(dòng)機(jī)，因此選D。

4.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。“thecircusatmosphere（馬戲團(tuán)氣氛）”暗指“人群擁擠”。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Nepali定位到文章最后一段中，由NepalviewsMountEverestassomethingofacashcow;thegovernmentchargesexpeditionsaminimumof$70,000.ThatisprobablywhyofficialsinKatmanduareignoringconcernsaboutovercrowdingandtalkingaboutevenmoreclimberscomingnextyear.（尼泊爾將珠穆朗瑪峰視為搖錢樹；政府對探險(xiǎn)的收費(fèi)最低為7萬美元。這可能就是加德滿都官員忽視了過度擁擠的擔(dān)憂，并談?wù)撁髂陮⒂懈嗟巧秸叩絹淼脑颍┛芍岵礌栒畬⒅槟吕尸敺瀹?dāng)作賺錢的工具，對人群過度擁擠的問題視而不見，因此A選項(xiàng)“漠不關(guān)心的”符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞thefirstconquestofEverest定位到文章最后一段中，由Butacelebrationofthe48thanniversaryofthefirstconquestofEverest,bySirEdmundHillaryandSherpaTenzingNorgay,wascancelledafterviolentstrikes（但SirEdmundHillary和SherpaTenzingNorgay舉行的第一次征服珠穆朗瑪峰48周年紀(jì)念活動(dòng)，在暴力襲擊后被取消）和TumultuousNepalipolitics,itseems,couldbejustthecrowd-controlmeasurethatEverestneeds.（混亂的尼泊爾政治，似乎只是珠穆朗瑪峰需要的人群控制措施）可知取消的原因是violentstrikes，結(jié)合本文一直提及的“人群擁擠”問題，可推測violentstrikes指的是“過度擁擠”，因此選A。

15.單選題

Japanisgoingthroughacomplexnationalidentitycrisis.Thatmaybenobadthing,saysanewbookbyanAmericanacademicJapanologist.Theeconomyisstalled,butthesocietyisinmotion.Japanisadifficultcountrytoreportonandanalyzebecausethingsdonotchangeinbig,noticeableways;theychangeinanincrementalprocess,generallyofsmallstepsbutwhich,overtime,canadduptobigmovements.Andjustsuchabigmovementseemstobetakingplace.

Mr.Nathan,aprofessorofJapaneseculturalstudies,hasbeenobservingJapansincethe1960s.Whereasmostpeoplelookateconomicdataorthecomingsandgoingsofprimeministers,heismoreinterestedinschools,novels,comicbooks,andthemindsofyoungentrepreneursandmavericklocalpoliticians.Inparticular,hisfocusisonwhetherJapan’sfamouslycohesive,conformistsocietymaybefracturingunderthestrainofeconomicstagnation,andonhowsuchstrainshavebeenaffectingthecountry’ssenseofpurposeandofnationalidentity.

Fracturesarewhathelooksforandfracturesarewhathefinds.Onbalance,theyareneitherobviouslydangerousnorobviouslypositive,buttheyare,ashesays,signsofmotionwhichcould,intime,leadinunpredictabledirections.Themostworryingfractureshewritesaboutareintheschools,whereviolenceandtruancyhaverisenremarkably.OldJapanhandsshrugwearilyatsuchthings,forworriesaboutbullyinghavelongexistedbuthaveneverreallyseemedterriblyserious.Now,though,Mr.Nathan’snumbersdomakethesituationlookgrave.

Since1998,youthsagedbetween14and19havebeeninvolvedin50%ofallarrestsforfelonies,includingmurder.Truancyisalsointheup.Mr.Nathanassertsthatthetruenumberis350,000children,or5%ofthestudentpopulation.

Suchtrendsappeartobesymptomsoftworelatedphenomena:awidespreadfeelingofdisillusionment,alienation,uncertaintyorplainanger,whichhasspreadtochildrentoo;andagradualbreakdownofoldsystemsofdiscipline—partfamilial,partsocial,partlegal一whichappeartopreventschoolsandparentsfromdealingeffectivelywitherrantchildren.

Japanis,inshort,passingthroughanationalidentitycrisis.Thereareplentyofpositiveaspectstoittoo,however.Oneisaconsiderableincreaseinthenumberofactualorbuddingyoungentrepreneurs,atrendespeciallyvisibleinthewillingnessofhigh-flyerstoleavegood,safejobsinordertosetuptheirownfirms.Thenumbersremainmodest,butareneverthelesssurprisinglyhighgiventhestateoftheeconomyinrecentyears.Anotherisaneweagernessamongpopularwritersandmaverickpoliticianstotrytodefineandencourageanewnationalpride.

1.WhatcharacterizesthesocialchangesinJapanesesocietyisthat（

）.

2.Itisimpliedinthesecondparagraphthat（

）.

3.SchoolviolenceandtruancyinJapanseemtobe（

）.

4.ThereasonbehindschoolviolenceandtruancyinJapanseemstobethat（

）.

5.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.theyareoftenaccompaniedbyanationalidentitycrisis

B.theyoftentakeplaceinmajorscalebutendupinsmalleffect

C.they