書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-南昌師范學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Whenpeopleareaskedwhatkindofhousingtheyneedorwant,thequestion（）avarietyofanswers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.defies

B.magnifies

C.mediates

D.evokes

【答案】D

【解析】句意:當(dāng)人們被問(wèn)及他們需要或想要什么樣的住房時(shí)，這個(gè)問(wèn)題引起了各種各樣的回答

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的三單形式。defy藐視；公然反抗；挑釁；magnify放大：贊美；夸大;mediate調(diào)停；evoke引起；喚起。該動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)是avarietyofanswers(各種各樣的回答)，由此可知D項(xiàng)符合句意。

2.單選題

Everypossiblemeans（

）tried,butthereisnoresult.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.havebeen

B.hasbeen

C.willbe

D.were

【答案】B

【解析】考查語(yǔ)法。主語(yǔ)為“everypossiblemeans”為單數(shù)，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。而且means與try之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故B項(xiàng)正確。句意：所有可行的辦法都嘗試了，但仍然沒(méi)有用。

3.單選題

ProfessorKumarBhatt,founderandheadofWarwickManufacturingGroup(WMC),andRob

MeakinapersonneldirectoratMarconi,havedevelopedapartnershiptotrainengineersandmanagerstobecomeeliterate.TheNewKnowledgePartnershipwillincludeateamof40MarconimanagersinwhatProfessorBhattcallselectronicengineeringmanagementorE2.Awiderangeofengineeringandnon-engineeringcompanieshasexpressedinterestintheseexcitingprograms,professorBhattbelievesthate-commerceischangingthebusinessenvironmenttoahugeextent.Manychiefexecutivesdonotunderstandthepowerofthenewtechnologiesandinsomecases,areactuallyresistingchange.Hesaysthat“aslongasenoughindustryleadersrealizeitspotentialbenefits,e-businesswillmakepossibleasecondproductivityrevolutioninBritain.Thiscouldtaketheeconomyclosetoeliminatingthestillsubstantialcompetitivenessgapwithitsmainrivals.OverthelastfiveyearsintheUStherehasbeena30%improvementinmanufacturingsectorproductivitybecauseofinformationtechnology.InBritainwecanachievemorethanthatandsuccessfule-businesswillbeworthbillionstotheUKeconomy.”

AlreadyBritainmakesmoreuseofcomputer-aideddesignandmanufacture(CAD/CAM)andmanagementinformationtechnologysystemthanotherEuropeancountries,andhasagovernmentthatactivelypromotese-business.But,observesProfessorBhatt,Britainhasneverusedtechnologyasagrowthdriver.“Thethingaboutelectronicengineeringmanagementisthatyoucankeepyourlegacysystems;youjustneedtolinkthosesystemswithaninformationengine.Atthetouchofabuttonitwillallowprojectmanagerstoseethestatusofaproject,identifyproblemspreciselyandmakevirtuallyimmediatedecisionsbasedoninformationthatwillbemuchmorecompletethaninthepast.”

TheE2programistheresultofanalliancebytheWarwickManufacturingGroupwithAmerica’sleadinge-commercestudycenter,CarnegieMellon.ThelatterwillberesponsiblefortrainingmanyoftheMarconimanagersinAmerica,wherethegrouphashalfitsbusiness.InBritain.ProfessorBhatthaslinkedupwithSunMicrosystems,OracleandParametricTechnology,tosetupamulti-millionpoundE2designandmanufacturingcenterattheuniversitywhichwillbeusedfortrainingandresearch.

ProfessorBhattbelievesthate-commerceischangingbusinesstosuchanextentthatWMGislikelytoberenamedWarwickElectronicManufacturingGroup.But,hewarns:“Themovetoglobalizebecauseofe-commerceisracingahead.AlthoughthenetallowsBritishindustrytoovertaketheirEuropeanpeers,italsooffersAsiancountriestoleapfrogtheWest.ForthefirsttimeitisnottheprivilegeoftheWesternworldbecausethistechnologyisuniversal.”

1.WhatisthepurposeofE2course?

2.WhydoesBhattsaythat"e-businesswillmakepossibleasecondproductivityrevolutioninBritain"?

3.Accordingtothepassage,whatdoyouknowaboute-businessinBritain?

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrue?

5.Accordingtothatlastpassage,whatisBhatt’sattitudetowardse-commerce?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Teachelectronicengineeringmanagement.

B.Trainengineersandmanagerstobeacquaintedwithe-commerce.

C.Trainengineersandmanagerstobeengineersandmanagers.

D.Teachengineersandmanagersaboutdevelopingpartnership.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Becausemanybusinessleadershaveshowntheirinterestinthis.

B.Becauseitcanstrengthenthecompanies’competitiveness.

C.Becausemorepeoplewilllearne-commercestyle.

D.Becausenewinformationtechnologiescangreatlyimproveindustrialproductivity.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.E-businesshaseliminatedmanycompetitiverivals.

B.E-businesshasdonemanybenefitstobigcompanies

C.ManycompanieshavejoinedintheE-businessprogram.

D.E-businesshasgreatpotentialandwillmakechangesinthecountry.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.BritaincanbecompetitivetoUSintheareaofinformationtechnology.

B.Britainhasalreadytakentheadvantagesofrunningengineeringmanagement.

C.AswithmanyotherEuropeancountries,Britainhasmadeuseofcomputer-aidedsystems.

D.E-businesshasofferedopportunitiestoEuropeancountriestoeliminatethecompetitivenessgapwithalltherivals.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.HethinksitasapreciseopportunityonlytoBritain.

B.Hethinksthatitisnotasagoodopportunityaspeoplethink.

C.HethinksitisnotonlygoodforBritainbutalsoapreciseopportunityforothercountries.

D.Hedoesnotconsideritagoodopportunityinthelongrun.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的havedevelopedapartnershiptotrainengineersandmanagerstobecomeeliterate（建立了合作伙伴關(guān)系，培訓(xùn)工程師和管理人員成為精英）可知D選項(xiàng)“教工程師和經(jīng)理如何發(fā)展伙伴關(guān)系”符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的e-businesswillmakepossibleasecondproductivityrevolutioninBritain.Thiscouldtaketheeconomyclosetoeliminatingthestillsubstantialcompetitivenessgapwithitsmainrivals.（電子商務(wù)將使英國(guó)的第二次生產(chǎn)力革命成為可能。這可能會(huì)使經(jīng)濟(jì)接近消除與主要競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手的巨大競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力差距）可知B選項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗梢栽鰪?qiáng)企業(yè)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力”符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。由文章第二段中的Britainhasneverusedtechnologyasagrowthdriver.（英國(guó)從未將科技作為經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的動(dòng)力）可知D選項(xiàng)“電子商務(wù)有著巨大的潛力，并將在這個(gè)國(guó)家發(fā)生變化”符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文章第一段中的OverthelastfiveyearsintheUStherehasbeena30%improvementinmanufacturingsectorproductivitybecauseofinformationtechnology.InBritainwecanachievemorethanthatandsuccessfule-businesswillbeworthbillionstotheUKeconomy.（在過(guò)去五年中，由于信息技術(shù)，美國(guó)制造業(yè)的生產(chǎn)率提高了30%。在英國(guó)，我們可以取得更多成就，成功的電子商務(wù)將對(duì)英國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來(lái)數(shù)十億美元的收益）可知A選項(xiàng)“在信息技術(shù)領(lǐng)域，英國(guó)可以比美國(guó)更有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力”符合題意。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。由文章最后一段中的Themovetoglobalizebecauseofecommerceisracingahead.AlthoughthenetallowsBritishindustrytoovertaketheirEuropeanpeers,italsooffersAsiancountriestoleapfrogtheWest.ForthefirsttimeitisnottheprivilegeoftheWesternworldbecausethistechnologyisuniversal.（由于電子商務(wù)而走向全球化的步伐正在加快。盡管網(wǎng)絡(luò)允許英國(guó)工業(yè)超越歐洲同行，但它也為亞洲國(guó)家提供了超越西方的機(jī)會(huì)。這是第一次它不是西方世界的特權(quán)，因?yàn)檫@項(xiàng)技術(shù)是普遍的）可知C選項(xiàng)“他認(rèn)為這不僅對(duì)英國(guó)有利，而且對(duì)其他國(guó)家來(lái)說(shuō)也是一個(gè)確切的機(jī)會(huì)”正確。

4.單選題

Itisdevelopingaservicethatwillletyoucreateallonlineidentitythatcan（

）variousclaimsthatitwillbackup.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.plunge

B.assert

C.exert

D.insert

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)plunge“驟降；陷入”；B選項(xiàng)assert“維護(hù)，堅(jiān)持；斷言”；C選項(xiàng)exert“運(yùn)用，發(fā)揮”；D選項(xiàng)insert“插入；嵌入”。句意：它正在開(kāi)發(fā)一項(xiàng)服務(wù)，可以讓你創(chuàng)建所有的在線身份，可以……各種聲明并將備份。由句意可知B選項(xiàng)更符合。

5.單選題

Aboutone-thirdoftheadulthomelessare（

）mentallyill,andabouthalfarealcoholicorabusedrugs.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.chronically

B.sparsely

C.adequately

D.individually

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。chronically意為“慢性地，習(xí)慣性地，長(zhǎng)期地”；sparsely意為“稀疏地，節(jié)省地”；adequately意為“足夠地”；individually意為“分別地，單獨(dú)地”。

句意：大約三分之一的無(wú)家可歸的人患有慢性精神病，而且大約有一半是酗酒或吸毒的。

6.單選題

Theymadedetailedinvestigationsto（）themselveswiththeneedsofthe

ruralmarket.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.adhere

B.acknowledge

C.acquaint

D.activate

【答案】C

【解析】固定搭配。此處為固定搭配，acquaintwith意為“熟悉，了解”。

7.單選題

Thoughshewasnotaprofessionalwriter,shebecamean（

）memberoftheWriter’sAssociation.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.honour

B.honourable

C.honoured

D.honorary

【答案】D

【解析】考查形近詞辨析。honour“榮譽(yù)”；honourable“誠(chéng)實(shí)的，正直的”；honoured“榮幸的”；honorary“名譽(yù)的”。句意：盡管她不是職業(yè)作家，她還是成為了作協(xié)的名譽(yù)會(huì)員。D項(xiàng)符合題意，答案D

8.單選題

Firstbornchildreninafamilyseemtohaveastrongerdesiretosucceed（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.thandolater-bornchildren

B.butlater-born-childrendo

C.aschildrenbornlater

D.iflater-bornchildrendo

【答案】A

【解析】考查句型結(jié)構(gòu)辨析。dolater-born從句等于later-bornchildrenseemtohaveastrongdesiretosucceed。簡(jiǎn)化使句子簡(jiǎn)潔流暢，因?yàn)閺木渲髡Z(yǔ)長(zhǎng)，故do在前。句意：一個(gè)家庭中第一個(gè)孩子似乎有更強(qiáng)烈的成功愿望……。結(jié)合句意可知，A選項(xiàng)符合題意。因此答案為A選項(xiàng)。

9.單選題

Mostreadersunderestimatetheamountofrewritingitusuallytakestoproduceaspontaneousreading.Thisisagreatdisadvantagetothestudentwriter,whoseesonlyafinishedproductandneverwatchesthecraftsmanwhotakesthenecessarystepback,studiestheworkcarefully,returnstothetask,stepsback,returns,stepsback,againandagain.AnthonyBurgess,oneofthemostproductivewritersintheEnglishspeakingcountries,admits,“Imightreviseapagetwentytimes.”RonaldDahl,thepopularchildren’swriter,states,BythetimeI’mnearingtheendofastory,thefirstpartwillhavebeenrereadandchangedandcorrectedatleast150times...Goodwritingisessentiallyre-writing.Iampositiveofthis.’’Rewritingisn’tsomethingthatoughttobedone.Itissimplysomethingthatmostwritersfindtheyhavetodotodiscoverwhattheyhavetosayandhowtosayit.Itisaconditionofthewriter’slife.

Thereare，however，afewwriterswhodolittleformalrewriting，primarilybecausetheyhavethecapacityandexperiencetocreateandreviewalargenumberofinvisibledraftsintheirmindsbeforetheyapproachthepage.Andsomewritersslowlyproducefinishedpages,performingallthetasksofrevision，pagebypage.Butitisstillpossibletoseethesequencefollowedbymostwritersmostofthetimeinrereadingtheirownwork.

Mostwriterscanscantheirdraftfirst，readingasquicklyaspossibletocatchthelargerproblemsofsubjectandform,thenmoveincloserandcloserastheyreadandwrite,rereadandrewrite.

1.Whatdoesthestudentwriterfailtodo?

2.WhatdoweknowaboutAnthonyBurgess?

3.Whydosomewritersdolittleformalrewriting?

4.Whatdomostwritershaveincommon?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Tohaveenoughtimetodevotetowriting.

B.Tofindhisdisadvantageinwriting.

C.Toseehisworkscomplete.

D.Toobserveotherwritersrewrite.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Heisthefirstpersontofindthedisadvantageofthestudentwriter.

B.Heisacraftsmanwhoalwaysregretswhathehasdoneandthereforeredoesit.

C.Hehaspublishedmanyliteraryworks.

D.Heenjoyswritingonthesamepagemanytimes.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Becausetheycandothementalrewriting.

B.Becausetheyarenotpositiveofwhattheyhavetosayorhowtosayit.

C.Becausetheybelieverewritingisnotworthwhile.

D.Becausetheyhavetofindtheirpagesfirstbeforetheywrite.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Spendingagreatdealoftimeplottinganddrafting.

B.Performingallthetasksofrevisionatonce.

C.Spendingmostoftheirtimereadingother’sworks.

D.Rereadingandrewritingtheirworks.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第二句，學(xué)生們只注重成品，而不會(huì)去回過(guò)頭進(jìn)行修改，不會(huì)后退去做更多的研究工作，作者認(rèn)為這是學(xué)生作者的缺陷。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段對(duì)AnthonyBurgess的介紹,“…oneofthemostproductivewritersintheEnglishspeakingcountries,admits,Imightreviseapagetwentytimes.”，可以看出他說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的國(guó)家中是一為多產(chǎn)的作家，而且很注重作品的修改細(xì)節(jié)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段，“primarilybecausetheyhavethecapacityandexperiencetocreateandreviewalargenumberofinvisibledraftsintheirmindsbeforetheyapproachthepage.”，主要是因?yàn)檫@些作家有能力和經(jīng)驗(yàn)在寫作之前，在腦海中完成草稿的創(chuàng)作和審查。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.主旨題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，大部分作家首先會(huì)掃描自己的作品，以最快的速度閱讀，檢查出形式和主題方面的問(wèn)題，然后通過(guò)不停地重讀和重寫進(jìn)行修改，使其更加完美。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

10.單選題

Veryfewpeoplecouldunderstandthelecturedeliveredbytheprofessorbecauseitssubjectwasvery（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.intriguing

B.indefinite

C.obscure

D.dubious

【答案】C

【解析】句意:幾乎沒(méi)有人能聽(tīng)懂教授的講座，因?yàn)槠渲黝}很晦澀難懂。

考查形容詞辨析。intriguing有趣的，引人入勝的，神秘的；indefinite無(wú)期限的，不明確的，表示因定義不明確而引起理解上的模糊；obscure不淸楚的，模糊的，晦澀的，強(qiáng)調(diào)費(fèi)解；dubious可疑的，含糊的，強(qiáng)調(diào)因可疑而引起的不確定。根據(jù)前半句句意“幾乎沒(méi)有人能聽(tīng)懂教授的講座”可知C正確。

11.單選題

Likemanyothersmallboys,Iwasfascinatedbycars,notleastbecausemyoldestbrotherwasabitofacarguyandsubscribedtocoolmagazineslikeCarandDriverandMotorTrend.Everysooften,oneofthosemagazineswouldrunanarticleonthe“CaroftheFuture”.Theyfeaturedunconventionalstylingandthingslikesmallnuclearreactorsaspowersources.Yet,frankly,mycardoesn’tdoanythingthatmybrother’sStudebakerdidn’tdo.Itgoes,itstops,itburnsgasoline,itplaysmusic.Istillhavetosteerit,anditstillrunsintothingsifIdon’tsteeritcarefully.

Butguesswhat?Allofthesethingsaresubjecttochangeinthenot-so-distantfuture.Itwillstillgoandstop,butitmaynotburngasoline.Imaynothavetosteerit,anditmaybealotbetteratnotrunningintothings.

Airbagsaren’tthebe-allandend-allinsafety.Infact,consideringtherecentnewsaboutpeopleoccasionallybeingkilledbytheirairbagsinlow-speedcollisions（碰撞）,theyobviouslystillneedsomedevelopment.Buttheyaren’tgoingaway,andinfactyoucanexpecttoseecarsappearingwithadditional,side-impactairbags,somethingsomeEuropeancarmanufacturersalreadyoffer.

Betterthansystemstominimize（使減少到最低限度）injuryintheeventofanaccident,however,aresystemsthatminimizethelikelihoodofanaccidenthappeninginthefirstplace.Futurecarsmaybeabletoeliminatemanyofthemajorcausesofaccidents,includingdrunk-driving,tailgatingandsleepiness.Carscouldbeequippedwithsensorsthatcandetectalcoholinadriver’ssystemandpreventthecarfrombeingstarted,forexample.Manyaccidentsarecausedbypeoplefollowingthecarinfronttooclosely.Asearlyasnextyear,you’llbeabletobuycarswithradar-equippedcontrolsystems.Iftheradardeterminesyou’reclosingtooquicklywiththecarinfront,itwilleaseuponthethrottle.Forcitystreets,expectotherradardevicesthatwillgiveadvancewarningthatthecarinfrontofyouhasslowedsuddenlyandyoushouldsteponthebrakes—orthatmayevenbrakeforyou.

Willcarseventuallybeabletodrivethemselves?There’snoreasontothinkitwon’tbetechnicallypossible,andMercedesisworkingonasystemthatcanbrake,accelerateandsteeravehicledownahighwayonitsown.Nobodyreallyexpectspeopletogiveupallcontroltotheircars,butsuchsystemscouldbeusedasfailsafe（安全的）systemstokeepcarsontheroadandbringthemsafelytoastopevenifthedriversuddenlybecamedisabled.

1.Theauthorwasfascinatedbycarsbecause_____.

2.Bysay“mycardoesn’tdoanythingthatmybrother’sStudebakerdidn’tdo”(Line-5-6,para.1),theauthormeansthat.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofairbags?

4.Whatwillfuturecarsdoifthesensorsdetectalcoholinthedriver’ssystem?

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothelastparagraph?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.othersmallboyslikedtoownacaroftheirown,too

B.hereadexoticthingsaboutcarsinhisbrother’smagazines

C.hisoldestbrotherlovedtotakehimtoplacesinhiscar

D.hesubscribedtocoolcarmagazines

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.mycarisfarbetterthanmybrother’swas

B.mycarisnotasgoodasmybrother’swas

C.notmuchhaschangedintheperformanceofcarssofar

D.muchimprovementhasbeenmadeinthedesignofcarsrecently

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Theyareinneedoffurtherimprovement.

B.Theyaregoingtodisappeargradually.

C.Theykillpeopleinsteadofprotectingtheminlow-speedcollisions.

D.TheyareastandardfeatureofEuropeancars.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theywillgiveawarninginadvance.

B.Theywillbrakeautomatically.

C.Theywilleaseuponthrottle.

D.Theywillnotstart.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Peoplewillgiveupallcontroltotheircars.

B.Carswillbeabletodrivethemselves.

C.Nocarswilleverbreakdownontheroads.

D.Carswillallbeequippedwithfailsafesystems.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Likemanyothersmallboys,Iwasfascinatedbycars,notleastbecausemyoldestbrotherwasabitofacarguyandsubscribedtocoolmagazineslikeCarandDriverandMotorTrend.”和許多其他小男孩一樣，我對(duì)汽車很著迷，尤其是因?yàn)槲业母绺缡莻€(gè)汽車迷，訂閱了《汽車與司機(jī)》和《汽車趨勢(shì)》等很酷的雜志。由此可知，選項(xiàng)A“和其他男孩一樣想擁有自己的車”和原文不符，作者只是說(shuō)自己和其他男孩一樣對(duì)汽車著迷；選項(xiàng)B“作者在哥哥的雜志上讀到有關(guān)汽車的新奇事物”符合原文；選項(xiàng)C在文中沒(méi)有提及；選項(xiàng)D是作者哥哥訂閱的雜志而不是他自己，所以錯(cuò)誤。

第2題:語(yǔ)義題。這句話的意思是“我的車不能做任何我哥哥的車所不能做的事”。根據(jù)下文的內(nèi)容“Itgoes,itstops,itburnsgasoline,itplaysmusic.Istillhavetosteerit,anditstillrunsintothingsifIdon'tsteeritcarefully.”它前進(jìn)，它停止，它燃燒汽油，它播放音樂(lè)。我仍然需要操縱它，如果我不小心操縱，它仍然會(huì)撞到東西。以及第二段首句“Butguesswhat?Allofthesethingsaresubjecttochangeinthenot-so-distantfuture.”但你猜怎么著？所有這些都可能在不久的將來(lái)發(fā)生變化。也就是說(shuō)，到目前為止，汽車的性能并沒(méi)有發(fā)生改變，它還是需要人來(lái)操控。所以選項(xiàng)C為正確答案。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“consideringtherecentnewsaboutpeopleoccasionallybeingkilledbytheirairbagsinlow-speedcollisions,theyobviouslystillneedsomedevelopment.”考慮到最近的新聞，安全氣囊在低速碰撞中偶爾會(huì)使人喪生，顯然安全氣囊仍然需要一些改進(jìn)。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。選項(xiàng)B與原文“Buttheyaren’tgoingaway.”不符；根據(jù)第二句中的關(guān)鍵詞“occasionally”可知，選項(xiàng)C表述太絕對(duì)；選項(xiàng)D在文中沒(méi)有提及。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“alcohol”定位到倒數(shù)第四段“Carscouldbeequippedwithsensorsthatcandetectalcoholinadriver’ssystemandpreventthecarfrombeingstarted,forexample.”例如，汽車可以配備傳感器，檢測(cè)駕駛員身體中的酒精含量，從而防止汽車啟動(dòng)。由此可知，選項(xiàng)D“它們不會(huì)啟動(dòng)”正確。

第5題:細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Willcarseventuallybeabletodrivethemselves?There’snoreasontothinkitwon'tbetechnicallypossible...”汽車最終能自動(dòng)駕駛嗎？沒(méi)有理由認(rèn)為這在技術(shù)上是不可能的。由此可知，選項(xiàng)B正確；根據(jù)最后一段第三句“Nobodyreallyexpectspeopletogiveupallcontroltotheircars.”沒(méi)有人真的希望人們完全放棄對(duì)汽車的控制，所以選項(xiàng)A不正確；選項(xiàng)C和D在文中沒(méi)有提及。

12.翻譯題

Itisacommonprobleminthenon-familyownedprivatelimitedcompany:shareholder/directorwantstoretireorleavethebusiness,butoneormoreofhisfellowshareholders/directorswanttocontinue.1.Itiseasyenoughforadirectortoretire,butthelikelihoodisthathewillwanttocashinonhisshareswhichhaveaccumulatedsomevalueovertheperiodofhisparticipationinthebusiness.Frequently,though,hisfellowshareholder/director(s)donothavethefinancialresourcestoacquirethesharesattheirmarketvalue.Awidevarietyofoptionsexist,butpurchaseofownsharesbythecompanyisoneofthemostuseful.

Purchaseofownsharesisexactlywhatsaysitis:thecompanyacquiresthesharesfromtheshareholders.Inprinciple,itisasimpleconceptbutonewhichiscoveredbyanumberofveryimportantlegislativeprovisions,bothincompanyandtaxlaw.2.Althoughatfirstsightthelegislationappearstoobstructwhatmightotherwisebeasimpleprocess,itactuallyexisttofacilitatethepurchase,whileprotectingthecreditors(sofarascompanylawisconcerned).Infact,theprovisionaretoonumeroustocoverindetailinafewwordsandthisarticleisdesignedtooutlinetherules,regulationsandoptions.

3.Itwasalwaysthecasethatacompanycouldnotacquireitsownshares,becauseindoingsoitwasobtainingownershipofitself,whichiscontrarytothemostfundamentallegalprinciplessurroundingthenatureandexistenceofcompanies.TheCompanyAct1981changedallthatandtheprovisionsitintroducedarenowincorporatedintotheCompanyAct1985.

4.Inessence,providedacompanyispermittedtodosobyitsMemorandumandArticlesofAssociation,anycompanycannowacquireitsownshares(subjecttotherebeingatleastoneleft).Becausepurchaseofownsharesisarelativelyrecentinnovation,manycompanies’MemorandumandArticlesofAssociationdonotcontainthisprovisionbutappropriateprovisionscanbeincludedbySpecialResolution,requiringa75%majority.

5.Althoughthepurchasemustnormallybemadeoutoftheproceedsofafreshissueofsharesandorofdistributableprofits,importantprovisionexistforprivatecompaniestomakethepurchaseoutofcapital.Ifdistributableprofitsareinsufficientthen,providedthecompanyissolventaftertheredemptionandisbelievedbydirectorstobegoingconcernforafurtheryear,thenthepurchasecangoahead.

【答案】1.對(duì)一個(gè)董事來(lái)說(shuō)，只是想退休很容易，但他可能想要將他在參與公司經(jīng)營(yíng)期間積累了一定價(jià)值的股份變現(xiàn)。

2.雖然乍一看，這項(xiàng)立法似乎阻礙了原本可能簡(jiǎn)單的程序，但它實(shí)際上是為了在促進(jìn)購(gòu)買的同時(shí)保護(hù)債權(quán)人（就公司法而言）的權(quán)利。

3.通常情況下，一個(gè)公司不能購(gòu)買自己的股份，因?yàn)檫@樣做是獲得自己的所有權(quán)，這違反了關(guān)于公司的性質(zhì)和存在的最基本的法律原則。

4.從本質(zhì)上來(lái)說(shuō)，只要一家公司的組織大綱和章程允許它這樣做，任何公司現(xiàn)在都可以收購(gòu)自己的股份（前提是至少還有一股剩下）。

5.盡管這種購(gòu)買通常必須用新發(fā)行的股票和（或）可分配利潤(rùn)的收益進(jìn)行，但對(duì)私營(yíng)公司來(lái)說(shuō)，也存在可以用資本購(gòu)買的重要規(guī)定。

13.單選題

Imagineaworldinwhichtherewassuddenlynoemotion—aworldinwhichhumanbeingscouldfeelnoloveorhappiness,noterrororhate.Trytoimaginetheconsequencesofsuchatransformation.Peoplemightrepeatactsthathurtthemasactsthatwerebeneficial.Theycouldnotlearn:theycouldnotbenefitfromexperiencebecausethisemotionlessworldwouldlackrewardsandpunishments.Societywouldsoondisappear:peoplewouldbeaslikelytoharmoneanotherastoprovidehelpandsupport.Humanrelationshipswouldnotexist:inaworldwithoutfriendsorenemies,therecouldbenomarriage,affectionamongcompanions,orbondsamongmembersofgroups.Society’seconomicunderpinningswouldbedestroyed:sinceearning$10millionwouldbenomorepleasantthanearning$10,therewouldbenoincentivetowork.Infact,therewouldbenoincentivesofanykind.

Insuchaworld,thechancesthatthehumanspecieswouldsurvivearenexttozero,becauseemotionsarethebasicinstrumentofoursurvivalandadaptation.Emotionsstructuretheworldforusinimportantways.Asindividuals,wecategorizeobjectsonthebasisofouremotions.Trulyweconsiderthelength,shape,size,ortexture,butanobject’sphysicalaspectsarelessimportantthanwhatithasdoneorcandotous—hurtus,surpriseus,angerusormakeusjoyful.Wealsousecategorizationscoloredbyemotionsinourfamilies,communities,andoverallsociety.Outofouremotionalexperienceswithobjectsandeventscomesasocialfeelingofagreementthatcertainthingsandactionsare“good”andothersare“bad”,andweapplythesecategoriestoeveryaspectofoursociallife—fromwhatfoodsweeatandwhatclothesweweartohowwekeeppromisesandwhichpeopleourgroupwillaccept.Infact,societyexploitsouremotionalreactionsandattitudes,suchasloyalty,morality,pride,shame,guilt,fearandgreed,inordertomaintainitself.Itgiveshighrewardstoindividualswhoperformimportanttaskssuchassurgery,makesheroesoutofindividualsforunusualordangerousachievementssuchasflyingfighterplanesinawar,andusesthelegalandpenalsystemtomakepeopleafraidtoengageinanti-socialacts.

1.Thereasonwhypeoplemightnotbeabletostayaliveinaworldwithoutemotionisthat________.

2.Accordingtothepassage,people’slearningactivitiesarepossiblebecausethey________.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheeconomicfoundationofsocietyisdependenton________.

4.Theemotionalaspectsofanobjectaremoreimportantthanitsphysicalaspectsinthatthey________.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theywouldnotbeabletotellthetextureofobjects

B.theywouldnotknowwhatwasbeneficialandwhatwasharmfultothem

C.theywouldnotbehappywithalifewithoutlove

D.theywoulddothingsthathurteachother’sfeelings

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.believethatemotionsarefundamentalforthemtostayalive

B.benefitfromprovidinghelpandsupporttooneanother

C.enjoybeingrewardedfordoingtherightthing

D.knowwhatisvitaltotheprogressofsociety

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theabilitytomakemoney

B.thewilltoworkforpleasure

C.thecapacitytoenjoyincentives

D.thecategorizationsofouremotionalexperiences

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.helpsocietyexploititsmembersforprofit

B.encourageustoperformimportanttasks

C.helptoperfectthelegalandpenalsystem

D.helpusadaptourbehaviortotheworldsurroundingus

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:D

【解析】第1題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Thereasonwhypeoplemightnotbeabletostayaliveinaworldwithoutemotionisthat________.在沒(méi)有情感的世界里，人們無(wú)法生存的原因是________。

A.theywouldnotbeabletotellthetextureofobjectsA.他們不能分辨物體的質(zhì)地

B.theywouldnotknowwhatwasbeneficialandwhatwasharmfultothemB.他們不知道什么對(duì)他們是有益的，什么是有害的

C.theywouldnotbehappywithalifewithoutloveC.如果沒(méi)有愛(ài)，他們的生活就不會(huì)幸福

D.theywoulddothingsthathurteachother’sfeelingsD.他們會(huì)做一些傷害彼此感情的事情

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干中信息詞stayalive定位到第二段第一句，該處講到“人類生存的機(jī)會(huì)幾乎為零（survivearenexttozero），因?yàn)椋╞ecause）情感是我們生存和適應(yīng)的基本工具（emotionsarethebasicinstrumentofoursurvivalandadaptation）。”；緊接著在下一句提出情感為什么是生存所必須的，也就是“情感以重要的方式為我們構(gòu)建了世界（Emotionsstructuretheworld）”；然后在該段倒數(shù)第三句點(diǎn)出情感對(duì)于在社會(huì)生存的作用，也就是“與物體和事件的情感經(jīng)歷使我們產(chǎn)生了一種社會(huì)認(rèn)同感，即認(rèn)為某些事情和行為是好的，其他的則是壞的（agreementthatcertainthingsandactionsare‘good’andothersare‘bad’）”，可知情感可以讓人知道什么是有益的，什么是有害的，這是情感對(duì)于生存很重要的原因，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“他們不能分辨物體的質(zhì)地”：對(duì)應(yīng)第二段第四句“的確，我們會(huì)考慮物體的質(zhì)地（texture），但一個(gè)物體的物理特性并不重要（lessimportant）”，物體的物理特性并沒(méi)有什么妨害，更不是讓人無(wú)法生存的原因，屬于反向干擾；

C選項(xiàng)“如果沒(méi)有愛(ài)，他們的生活就不會(huì)幸福”：對(duì)應(yīng)第一段第一句“想象一個(gè)突然失去情感的世界——一個(gè)人類感覺(jué)不到愛(ài)和幸福（feelnoloveorhappiness）的世界?！保畈恍腋?，并不等同不能生存，屬于偷換概念；

D選項(xiàng)“他們會(huì)做一些傷害彼此感情的事情”：沒(méi)有感情，就不存在傷害感情這件事，屬于曲解原文。

第2題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Accordingtothepassage,people’slearningactivitiesarepossiblebecausethey________.根據(jù)文章，人們的學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)得以存在，因?yàn)樗麄僟_______。

A.believethatemotionsarefundamentalforthemtostayaliveA.認(rèn)為情感是他們生存的基礎(chǔ)

B.benefitfromprovidinghelpandsupporttooneanotherB.從互相提供幫助和支持中獲益

C.enjoybeingrewardedfordoingtherightthingC.享受因?yàn)樽稣_的事而得到的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)

D.knowwhatisvitaltotheprogressofsocietyD.知道什么對(duì)社會(huì)進(jìn)步至關(guān)重要

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干中信息詞learningactivities定位到第一段第四句，該處講到“他們不會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)：因?yàn)檫@個(gè)沒(méi)有情感的世界缺少獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)（rewards）和懲罰，他們無(wú)法從經(jīng)驗(yàn)中獲益（benefitfromexperience）?！保芍藗儗W(xué)習(xí)是因?yàn)閷W(xué)習(xí)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)讓他們進(jìn)步，學(xué)習(xí)帶來(lái)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“認(rèn)為情感是他們生存的基礎(chǔ)”：情感是生存的基礎(chǔ)，不代表就要學(xué)習(xí)，屬于偷換概念；

B選項(xiàng)“從互相提供幫助和支持中獲益”：對(duì)于學(xué)習(xí)而言，是通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)帶來(lái)好處，而不是相互幫助帶來(lái)好處，屬于偷換概念；

D選項(xiàng)“知道什么對(duì)社會(huì)進(jìn)步至關(guān)重要”：文中沒(méi)有提到學(xué)習(xí)對(duì)社會(huì)進(jìn)步的重要作用，屬于無(wú)中生有。

第3題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheeconomicfoundationofsocietyisdependenton________.從文章中可以推斷，社會(huì)的經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)依賴于________。

A.theabilitytomakemoneyA.賺錢的能力

B.thewilltoworkforpleasureB.為娛樂(lè)而工作的意志

C.thecapacitytoenjoyincentivesC.享受獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的能力

D.thecategorizationsofouremotionalexperiencesD.我們的情感經(jīng)歷的分類

【答案】C

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干中信息詞economicfoundationofsociety定位到第一段倒數(shù)第二句，該處講到“社會(huì)的經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)將被摧毀（Society’seconomicunderpinningswouldbedestroyed）：由于掙1000萬(wàn)美元并不比掙10美元更令人愉快，人們將沒(méi)有工作的動(dòng)力（noincentivetowork）?！保芍鐣?huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)依賴于人們工作的動(dòng)力，也就是享受獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)的動(dòng)力，因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A選項(xiàng)“賺錢的能力”：文中沒(méi)有提到，屬于無(wú)中生有；

B選項(xiàng)“為娛樂(lè)而工作的意志”：文中的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)不是娛樂(lè)，而是正確做事帶來(lái)的好處，人們?yōu)楠?jiǎng)勵(lì)工作，屬于偷換概念；

D選項(xiàng)“我們的情感經(jīng)歷的分類”：對(duì)應(yīng)第二段第五句“在我們的家庭、社區(qū)和整個(gè)社會(huì)中，我們也會(huì)根據(jù)情感進(jìn)行分類?！?，這里為第二段中心句，也就是第一句“情感是我們生存和適應(yīng)的基本工具”而服務(wù)，跟社會(huì)的經(jīng)濟(jì)沒(méi)有關(guān)系，屬于偷換概念。

第4題:【選項(xiàng)釋義】

Theemotionalaspectsofanobjectaremoreimportantthanitsphysicalaspectsinthatthey________.一個(gè)物體的情感方面比它的物質(zhì)方面更重要，因?yàn)樗鼈僟_______。

A.helpsocietyexploititsmembersforprofitA.幫助社會(huì)利用其成員牟利

B.encourageustoperformimportanttasksB.鼓勵(lì)我們執(zhí)行重要的任務(wù)

C.helptoperfectthelegalandpenalsystemC.有助于完善法律和刑罰制度

D.helpusadaptourbehaviortotheworldsurroundingusD.幫助我們調(diào)整自己的行為以適應(yīng)周圍的世界

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干中信息詞physicalaspects定位到第二段第四句，該處講到“一個(gè)物體的物理特性并不重要（physicalaspectsarelessimportant），重要的是它對(duì)我們做了什么或能做什么——傷害我們、