書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-廈門興才職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共100題)1.單選題

Technologyisatwo-edgedsword.Rarelyisthisasclearasitisintherealmofhealthcare.Technologyallowsdoctorstotesttheirpatientsforgeneticdefects—andthentoturnaroundandspreadtheresultsthroughouttheworldviatheInternet.Forsomeoneinneedoftreatment,that’sgoodnews.Butforsomeoneinsearchofajoboraninsurancepolicy,thetidingscanbeallbad.

LastweekPresidentBillClintonproposedacorollarytothepatients’billofrightsnowbeforeCongress:arighttomedicalprivacy.Beginningin2002,underrulessettobecomelawinFebruary,patientswouldbeabletostipulatetheconditionsunderwhichtheirpersonalmedicaldatacouldbedivulged.Thenwouldbeabletoexaminetheirrecordsandmakecorrections.Theycouldlearnwhoelsehadseentheinformation.Improperuseofrecordsbyacaregiverorinsurercouldresultinbothcivilandcriminalpenalties.Theplanwas,saidClinton,“anunprecedentedsteptowardputtingAmericansbackincontroloftheirownmedicalrecords.”

Whiletheadministrationbilledtherulesasanattempttostrikeabalancebetweentheneedsofconsumersandthoseofthehealth-careindustry,neitherdoctorsnorinsurancecompanieswerehappy.Thedoctorssaidtherulescouldactuallyerodeprivacy,pointingtoaprovisionallowingmanaged-careplanstousepersonalinformationwithoutconsentifthepurposewas“health-careoperations.”That,physicianssaid,wasaloopholethroughwhichHMOsandotherinsurerscouldpryintothedoctor-patientrelationship,inthenameofassessingthequalityofcare.Meanwhile,theinsurersprotestedthattheruleswouldmakethemvulnerabletolawsuits.Theywereespeciallydisturbedbyaprovisionholdingthemliableforprivacybreachesby“businesspartners’’suchaslawyersandaccountants.Bothgroupsagreedthatprivacyprotectionswoulddriveupthecostofhealthcarebyatleastanadditional$3.8billion,andmaybemuchmore,overthenextfiveyears.Theyalsocomplainedabouttheincreasedleveloffederalscrutinyrequiredbythenewrules’enforcementprovisions.

Oneaimoftherulesistoreassurepatientsaboutconfidentiality,therebyencouragingthemtobeopenwiththeirdoctors.Todayvariouscancersandsexuallytransmitteddiseasescangountreatedbecausepatientsareafraidofembarrassmentoroflosinginsurancecoverage.Thefearisreal:ClintonaidesnotedthataJanuarypollbyPrincetonSurveyResearchAssociatesfoundthatoneinsixU.S.adultshadatsometimedonesomethingunusualtoconcealmedicalinformation,suchaspayingcashforservices.

51.Theauthorbeginshisarticlewith“technologyisatwo-edgedsword”to____.

52.AccordingtotheproposalmadebyPresidentClinton,patientswillbeabletodothefollowingEXCEPT____.

53.Doctorstendtothinkthattherules____.

54.TheexampleoftheJanuarypollbyPrincetonSurveyResearchAssociatesisusedtoshowthat____.

55.Fromthearticlewecanlearnthat____.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.showthatdoctor’simproperuseoftechnologycanendupinbadresults

B.callonpeople’sattentiontothepotentialdangertechnologycanbringtous

C.warnoftheharmpatientsarepronetosuffer

D.showtheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoftechnology

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.beopenwiththeirdoctors

B.decidehowtousetheirmedicalinformation

C.enjoymorerightstotheirmedicalrecords

D.suetheirinsurersforimproperuseoftheirmedicalrecords

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.mayruindoctor-patientrelationship

B.candomoreharmthangood

C.willpreventdoctorsfromdoingmedicalresearch

D.willendupinmorehealthcarecostandpoorermedicalservice

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.alargeportionofpatientswouldratherleavetheirdiseasesuntreated

B.concealingmedicalinformationiswidespreadintheU.S.

C.Americanpatients’concealmentoftheirmedicalinformationhasbecomeabigconcern

D.payingcashformedicalserviceisacommonpracticeamongAmericanpatients

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Americangovernmentwilltightenitscontrolovertheuseofpatients’personalinformation

B.thenewrulesputinsurersinaverydisadvantageousposition

C.doctorsandinsurersarebothagainsttherulesforthesamereasons

D.patientsareentitledtohavecompletecontroloftheirmedicalinformation

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:A

【解析】51.目的意圖題。題干“作者的文章以‘科技是一把雙刃劍’開始是為了____”，由此可知，本題問(wèn)的是作者第1段寫“科技是一把雙刃劍”的目的。后文著重寫技術(shù)帶來(lái)的隱患——醫(yī)療信息泄露的問(wèn)題，第2段第1句LastweekPresidentBillClintonproposedacorollarytothepatients’billofrightsnowbeforeCongress:arighttomedicalprivacy.（上周，克林頓總統(tǒng)向國(guó)會(huì)提出了《病人權(quán)利法案》的一個(gè)必然結(jié)果：醫(yī)療隱私權(quán)。）由此可知，作者寫第1段是為了引出下文關(guān)于醫(yī)療隱私權(quán)的問(wèn)題，即互聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)可能帶來(lái)的潛在問(wèn)題，B選項(xiàng)“呼吁人們注意技術(shù)可能給我們帶來(lái)的潛在危險(xiǎn)”，表述符合題意。A選項(xiàng)“證明醫(yī)生對(duì)技術(shù)的不當(dāng)使用會(huì)導(dǎo)致不良結(jié)果”，可定位到第1段第2句Technologyallowsdoctorstotesttheirpatientsforgeneticdefects—andthentoturnaroundandspreadtheresultsthroughouttheworldviatheInternet.（技術(shù)允許醫(yī)生檢測(cè)他們的病人的基因缺陷，然后通過(guò)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)將結(jié)果傳遍全世界。）由此可知，科技這把雙刃劍在醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域主要涉及醫(yī)療信息的便捷傳播帶來(lái)的影響，這并不是醫(yī)生對(duì)技術(shù)的不當(dāng)使用，選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤，排除；C選項(xiàng)“提醒病人可能遭受的傷害”，表述不正確，作者側(cè)重將醫(yī)療隱私泄漏的問(wèn)題，與harm“（故意）傷害”還是有點(diǎn)區(qū)別，排除；D選項(xiàng)“展示技術(shù)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)”，本文作者側(cè)重講技術(shù)的不良影響，該選項(xiàng)關(guān)于表述不夠準(zhǔn)確，排除。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為B。

52.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“根據(jù)克林頓總統(tǒng)的提議，患者還可以進(jìn)行以下操作，除了____”，可定位到第2段。B選項(xiàng)“決定如何使用他們的醫(yī)療信息”，可定位到第2段第2句Beginningin2002,underrulessettobecomelawinFebruary,patientswouldbeabletostipulatetheconditionsunderwhichtheirpersonalmedicaldatacouldbedivulged.（從2002年開始，根據(jù)2月即將生效的法規(guī)，病人將有權(quán)規(guī)定透露其個(gè)人醫(yī)療資料的條件。）由此可知，患者可以規(guī)定其信息的使用條件即如何使用他們的信息，選項(xiàng)表述符合原文，排除；C選項(xiàng)“對(duì)自己的醫(yī)療記錄享有更多權(quán)利”，可定位到第2段第3、4句Thenwouldbeabletoexaminetheirrecordsandmakecorrections.Theycouldlearnwhoelsehadseentheinformation.（然后就可以檢查他們的記錄并做出更正。他們就能知道還有誰(shuí)看過(guò)這些信息。）由此可知，患者有了檢查并更正自己記錄的權(quán)利，還能知道誰(shuí)看過(guò)這些信息，選項(xiàng)表述符合原文，排除；D選項(xiàng)“起訴他們的保險(xiǎn)公司濫用他們的醫(yī)療記錄”，可定位到原文第2段第5句Improperuseofrecordsbyacaregiverorinsurercouldresultinbothcivilacriminalpenalties.（護(hù)理人員或保險(xiǎn)公司對(duì)記錄的不當(dāng)使用可能導(dǎo)致民事或刑事處罰。）由此可知，患者有權(quán)起訴他們的保險(xiǎn)公司濫用他們的醫(yī)療記錄，選項(xiàng)表述與原文一致，排除。A選項(xiàng)“對(duì)他們的醫(yī)生開誠(chéng)布公”，可定位到最后一段第1句Oneaimoftherulesistoreassurepatientsaboutconfidentiality,therebyencouragingthemtobeopenwiththeirdoctors.（新規(guī)定的目的是為了讓病人對(duì)自己的隱私放心，從而鼓勵(lì)他們對(duì)醫(yī)生開誠(chéng)布公。）由此可知，鼓勵(lì)患者對(duì)醫(yī)生開誠(chéng)布公是目的，而不是克林頓的題議，選項(xiàng)表述符合題意。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為A。

53.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題干“醫(yī)生傾向于認(rèn)為（克林頓的）規(guī)定____”，可定位到第3段第2、3句Thedoctorssaidtherulescouldactuallyerodeprivacy,…That,physicianssaid,wasaloopholethroughwhichHMOsandotherinsurerscouldpryintothedoctor-patientrelationship,…（醫(yī)生們認(rèn)為，這些規(guī)定實(shí)際上可能會(huì)侵犯隱私，……醫(yī)生們認(rèn)為，這是一個(gè)漏洞，醫(yī)療保健機(jī)構(gòu)(HMO)和其他保險(xiǎn)公司窺探醫(yī)患關(guān)系……）由此可知，醫(yī)生認(rèn)為規(guī)定的弊端更明顯，B選項(xiàng)“弊大于利”表述符合原文。A選項(xiàng)“可能會(huì)破壞醫(yī)患關(guān)系”表述錯(cuò)誤，不是會(huì)破壞醫(yī)患關(guān)系，而是保險(xiǎn)公司可能會(huì)窺探醫(yī)患關(guān)系，排除；C選項(xiàng)“會(huì)阻止醫(yī)生進(jìn)行醫(yī)學(xué)研究”、D選項(xiàng)“最終會(huì)導(dǎo)致更多的醫(yī)療費(fèi)用和更差的醫(yī)療服務(wù)”原文并未提及，排除。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為B。

54.目的意圖題。題干“關(guān)于普林斯頓調(diào)查委員會(huì)1月份民調(diào)的例子是用來(lái)表明____”，可定位到最后一段。最后一段，第1句內(nèi)容：這些規(guī)定的目的之一是讓病人對(duì)自己的隱私放心，從而鼓勵(lì)他們對(duì)醫(yī)生開誠(chéng)布公；第2句內(nèi)容：各種癌癥和性傳播疾病都可能得不到治療，因?yàn)榛颊吆ε聦擂位蚴ケｋU(xiǎn)。最后一句即這個(gè)例子：Thefearisreal:ClintonaidesnotedthataJanuarypoll…,suchapayingcashforservices.（這種擔(dān)憂是真實(shí)存在的：克林頓的助手指出，普林斯頓調(diào)查研究協(xié)會(huì)今年1月進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，六分之一的美國(guó)成年人曾做過(guò)一些不同尋常的事情來(lái)隱瞞醫(yī)療信息，比如用現(xiàn)金購(gòu)買醫(yī)療服務(wù)。）由此可知，患者因?yàn)楹ε聦擂位蚴ケｋU(xiǎn)，而隱瞞病情，導(dǎo)致有些特殊疾病得不到治療（這是一個(gè)問(wèn)題），而民調(diào)的這個(gè)例子說(shuō)明，美國(guó)人中這種害怕真實(shí)存在，即有很多美國(guó)人這么做，C選項(xiàng)“在美國(guó)，病人對(duì)醫(yī)療信息的隱瞞已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)大問(wèn)題”，表述符合原文。A選項(xiàng)“很多病人寧愿不治療他們的疾病”，表述錯(cuò)誤，患者們不是寧愿不治療，而是害怕尷尬或失去保險(xiǎn)，排除；干擾選項(xiàng)B“隱瞞醫(yī)療信息在美國(guó)很普遍”，表述不完整，不僅僅是隱瞞醫(yī)療信息很普遍，更重要的是隱瞞這些信息導(dǎo)致各種癌癥和性傳播疾病可能得不到治療，排除；D選項(xiàng)“在美國(guó)病人中，用現(xiàn)金支付醫(yī)療服務(wù)是一種常見(jiàn)的做法”，這只是民調(diào)中的一個(gè)例子，不是作者寫這個(gè)民調(diào)的目的，排除。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。

55.判斷推理題。A選項(xiàng)“美國(guó)政府將加強(qiáng)對(duì)患者個(gè)人信息使用的控制”，可定位到第2段第1句LastweekPresidentBillClintonproposedacorollarytothepatients’billofrightsnowbeforeCongress:arighttomedicalprivacy.（上周，克林頓總統(tǒng)向國(guó)會(huì)提出了《病人權(quán)利法案》的一個(gè)必然結(jié)果：醫(yī)療隱私權(quán)。）由此可知，美國(guó)政府計(jì)劃通過(guò)新的法案加強(qiáng)對(duì)醫(yī)療隱私權(quán)的規(guī)定，根據(jù)法案內(nèi)容可知，規(guī)定都是關(guān)于醫(yī)療信息使用的。選項(xiàng)表述符合原文。B選項(xiàng)“新規(guī)定使保險(xiǎn)公司處于非常不利的地位”，可定位到原文第3段第4句theinsurersprotestedthattheruleswouldmakethemvulnerabletolawsuits.（保險(xiǎn)公司抗議說(shuō)，這些規(guī)定將使他們?nèi)菀资艿皆V訟。）第5句Theywereespeciallydisturbedbyaprovisionholdingthemliableforprivacybreachesby“businesspartners’’suchaslawyersandaccountants.（他們尤其感到不安的是，有一項(xiàng)條款要求他們對(duì)律師和會(huì)計(jì)師等“商業(yè)伙伴”的隱私侵犯負(fù)責(zé)。）由此可知，新規(guī)定對(duì)保險(xiǎn)公司的行為增加了限制，但這是為了規(guī)范他們的行為，保護(hù)隱私權(quán)，不能證明保險(xiǎn)公司處于不利地位，除非這家保險(xiǎn)公司想做一些違反規(guī)定的事情。選項(xiàng)表述不符合原文，排除；C選項(xiàng)“醫(yī)生和保險(xiǎn)公司都因?yàn)橥瑯拥脑蚨`反規(guī)定”，可定位到原文第3段。根據(jù)這段內(nèi)容可知，醫(yī)生和保險(xiǎn)公司因?yàn)橐恍┎煌脑蚨紝?duì)規(guī)定不滿，并且都認(rèn)為該規(guī)定會(huì)增加醫(yī)療保健成本，都抱怨增加政府的審查。由此可知，沒(méi)有依據(jù)表明他們因?yàn)橄嗤脑蚨`反規(guī)定，選項(xiàng)表述不符合原文，排除；D選項(xiàng)“患者有權(quán)完全控制自己的醫(yī)療信息”，可定位到第2段最后一句Theplaywas,saidClinton,“anunprecedentedsteptowardputtingAmericansbackincontroloftheirownmedicalrecords.”（克林頓說(shuō)，這是“讓美國(guó)人重新掌握自己的醫(yī)療記錄的前所未有的一步”。）由此可知，這只是美國(guó)人重新掌握自己的醫(yī)療記錄的一大步，還不能完全控制，選項(xiàng)表述錯(cuò)誤，排除。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為A。

2.單選題

Hehadalwayshadagoodopinionofhimself,butafterthepublicationofhisbest-sellingnovelhebecameunbearably（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.bigoted

B.proud

C.conceited

D.exaggerated

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。bigoted意為“偏執(zhí)的，頑固的，心胸狹窄的”；proud意為“得意的，自豪的”；conceited意為“自負(fù)的，驕傲自大的”；exaggerated意為“夸大的，言過(guò)其實(shí)的”。由句中的but可知前后為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，C選項(xiàng)最符合語(yǔ)境。

句意：他一直對(duì)自己評(píng)價(jià)很高，但在他的暢銷小說(shuō)出版后，他變得及其自負(fù)。

3.單選題

Whenyoupackthepears,pleasebecarefulsothattheywon’tget（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.bruised

B.blushed

C.injured

D.mature

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。bruise意為“撞傷，擦傷”；blush意為“臉紅，羞愧”；injure意為“(尤指在事故中)傷害，損害”；mature意為“成熟”。

句意：當(dāng)你打包梨子時(shí)，請(qǐng)小心點(diǎn)，不要把梨子摩擦壞了。

4.填空題

Adebatehaseruptedwithinmedicineoverhowtoensurethatphysiciansmaintaintheirclinicalskillsthroughouttheircareers.TheAmericanBoardofInternalMedicine(ABIM)haslongrequiredinterniststopassMaintenanceofCertificationexamsevery10yearstokeeptheirboard-certifiedstatus.(71)Inresponse,theABIMannounceditwouldofferanewassessmentoptionstartinginJanuary2018,allowingdoctorstoberecertifiedthroughshorter,butmorefrequent,assessments.(72)Infact,itraisesacoupleofimportantquestions:Areassessmentseventhemosteffectivewaytoincentivizedoctorstokeepupwiththelatestmedicalknowledgeandnewtechnologies?Whydon’twedirectlymeasurephysicians’qualityofcareandpatientoutcomesastheygrowolder?

Whilethereissomeevidencethatphysicians’clinicalknowledge,adherencewithup-to-datestandardsofcare,andperformanceonprocessmeasuresmaywaneastheygetolder,littleisknownaboutwhetherandhowageimpactsphysicians’practiceandtheirpatientoutcomes.(73)Ontheotherhand,scientificknowledge,technology,andclinicalguidelineschangesoregularlythatkeepingupwiththemandincorporatingthemintoclinicalpracticecanbeoverwhelming.

AsthephysicianworkforceintheU.S.ages(approximatelyone-fifthofU.S.physiciansareover65yearsold,andthesizeofthegrouphasincreased27%since2005),itbecomesevenmoreimportanttounderstandhowphysicianagemightrelatetopatientoutcomes.(74)

Therelationshipbetweenphysicianageandpatientoutcomeshasnotbeenempiricallystudiedatalargescale.(75)Inourstudy,whichwasrecentlypublishedinTheBMJ,wefoundthatU.S.Medicarepatientstreatedbyolderphysiciansweremorelikelytodiewithin30daysofhospitalization,comparedwithpatientstreatedbyyoungerphysicians—unlesstheolderphysicianswereusedtotreatinglargenumbersofpatientseachyear.

A.Wefoundthatpatientstreatedbyolderphysiciansexperiencedstatisticallysignificantlyhighermortalityratesthanpatientscaredforbyyoungerphysicians.

B.Thiswouldhelpinformneweffortstoeducateolderphysiciansandimproveclinicaloutcomes.

C.However,thispolicyhasrecentlycomeunderscrutinyduetoitshighburdentodoctorsandthelackofsoundevidencethatrecertificationprocessesimprovedoctors’qualityofcare.

D.Ononehand,skillsandknowledgeareaccumulatedthroughexperienceandcanimprovequalityofcare.

E.Butit’snotclearthatthiswillmakemuchdifference.

F.Therefore,wedecidedtoinvestigatethisissuebyanalyzingtheoutcomesofhospitalizedMedicarepatientsandtheageoftheirtreatingphysicians.

【答案】71.C

72.E

73.D

74.B

75.F

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.Wefoundthatpatientstreatedbyolderphysiciansexperiencedstatisticallysignificantlyhighermortalityratesthanpatientscaredforbyyoungerphysicians.A.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，由年長(zhǎng)的醫(yī)生治療的病人的死亡率在統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)上明顯高于由年輕醫(yī)生照顧的病人。

B.Thiswouldhelpinformneweffortstoeducateolderphysiciansandimproveclinicaloutcomes.B.這將有助于為教育年長(zhǎng)醫(yī)生和改善臨床預(yù)后的新嘗試提供信息。

C.However,thispolicyhasrecentlycomeunderscrutinyduetoitshighburdentodoctorsandthelackofsoundevidencethatrecertificationprocessesimprovedoctors’qualityofcare.C.然而，這一政策最近受到了審查，因?yàn)樗o醫(yī)生帶來(lái)了很高的負(fù)擔(dān)，而且缺乏合理的證據(jù)證明重新認(rèn)證過(guò)程可以改善醫(yī)生的護(hù)理質(zhì)量。

D.Ononehand,skillsandknowledgeareaccumulatedthroughexperienceandcanimprovequalityofcare.D.一方面，技能和知識(shí)是通過(guò)經(jīng)驗(yàn)積累的，可以提高護(hù)理質(zhì)量。

E.Butit’snotclearthatthiswillmakemuchdifference.E.但目前還不清楚這是否會(huì)帶來(lái)很大的變化。

F.Therefore,wedecidedtoinvestigatethisissuebyanalyzingtheoutcomesofhospitalizedMedicarepatientsandtheageoftheirtreatingphysicians.F.因此，我們決定通過(guò)分析住院的醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)病人的結(jié)果和他們主治醫(yī)生的年齡來(lái)調(diào)查這個(gè)問(wèn)題。

71.【考查點(diǎn)】上下文關(guān)聯(lián)。

【解題思路】文章開頭介紹了美國(guó)內(nèi)科醫(yī)學(xué)委員會(huì)要求內(nèi)科醫(yī)生每10年通過(guò)認(rèn)證維護(hù)考試（MaintenanceofCertificationexams）這一政策，下文說(shuō)到“將提供一種新的評(píng)估選項(xiàng)（newassessmentoption）”，由此可知空格處包含了一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折的邏輯關(guān)系，說(shuō)明原來(lái)的政策存在問(wèn)題。C選項(xiàng)中的“However（然而）”表示轉(zhuǎn)折，并且介紹了這一政策的問(wèn)題在于“給醫(yī)生帶來(lái)了很高的負(fù)擔(dān)（itshighburdentodoctors），而且缺乏合理的證據(jù)（thelackofsoundevidence）”。因此C選項(xiàng)“然而，這一政策最近受到了審查，因?yàn)樗o醫(yī)生帶來(lái)了很高的負(fù)擔(dān)，而且缺乏合理的證據(jù)證明重新認(rèn)證過(guò)程可以改善醫(yī)生的護(hù)理質(zhì)量?！闭_。

72.【考查點(diǎn)】上下文關(guān)聯(lián)。

【解題思路】上文說(shuō)到“將提供一種新的評(píng)估選項(xiàng)（newassessmentoption）”，下文又針對(duì)這種評(píng)估方法提出了幾個(gè)重要的問(wèn)題，由此可知空格處包含了一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折的邏輯關(guān)系，說(shuō)明新評(píng)估方法能否發(fā)揮作用還不確定，E選項(xiàng)中的“But（但是）”表示轉(zhuǎn)折，同時(shí)“this（這個(gè)）”指代的是上文的“newassessment（新評(píng)估方法）”。因此E選項(xiàng)“但目前還不清楚這是否會(huì)帶來(lái)很大的變化。”正確。

73.【考查點(diǎn)】上下文關(guān)聯(lián)。

【解題思路】下文說(shuō)到“另一方面（Ontheotherhand），科學(xué)知識(shí)、技術(shù)和臨床指導(dǎo)方針變化如此頻繁”，由此可知空格處講的應(yīng)該是其他的方面，D選項(xiàng)中的“Ononehand（一方面）”和下文的“Ontheotherhand（另一方面）”相對(duì)應(yīng)。因此D選項(xiàng)“一方面，技能和知識(shí)是通過(guò)經(jīng)驗(yàn)積累的，可以提高護(hù)理質(zhì)量?！闭_。

74.【考查點(diǎn)】上下文關(guān)聯(lián)。

【解題思路】上文說(shuō)到“了解醫(yī)生的年齡（physicianage）與患者預(yù)后（patientoutcomes）之間的關(guān)系變得更加重要?！保纱丝芍崭裉帒?yīng)該是介紹這一點(diǎn)的作用，B選項(xiàng)中的“This（這個(gè)）”指代的是上文的“了解醫(yī)生的年齡（physicianage）與患者預(yù)后（patientoutcomes）之間的關(guān)系”，其作用是“為教育年長(zhǎng)醫(yī)生（olderphysicians）和改善臨床預(yù)后（clinicaloutcomes）的新嘗試提供信息”。因此B選項(xiàng)“這將有助于為教育年長(zhǎng)醫(yī)生和改善臨床預(yù)后的新嘗試提供信息?！闭_。

75.【考查點(diǎn)】上下文關(guān)聯(lián)。

【解題思路】上文說(shuō)到“醫(yī)生年齡和病人預(yù)后之間的關(guān)系尚未進(jìn)行大規(guī)模的實(shí)證研究（hasnotbeenempiricallystudiedatalargescale）?！?，指出了前人研究的不足之處，由此可知接下來(lái)應(yīng)該是提出自己目前研究的目的或假設(shè)。因此F選項(xiàng)“因此，我們決定通過(guò)分析住院的醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)病人的預(yù)后和他們主治醫(yī)生的年齡來(lái)調(diào)查這個(gè)問(wèn)題?！闭_。

5.單選題

DuringJulyandAugusttherewasnorainforweeks____.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.intheend

B.attheend

C.totheend

D.onend

【答案】D

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.intheend終于；最后B.attheend最終；最后

C.totheend到底D.onend連續(xù)地

【答案】D

【考查點(diǎn)】詞組辨析。

【解題思路】句意：在七、八月份，有好幾個(gè)星期……沒(méi)有下雨。根據(jù)句意，可推測(cè)，這兩個(gè)月份中，有一段時(shí)間連續(xù)幾周不下雨。因此選D。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、B、C選項(xiàng)均不符合句意。

【句意】在七、八月份，連續(xù)幾周沒(méi)有下雨。

6.單選題

Heaskedmetolendhimsomemoney,whichIagreedtodo,______thathepaidmebacktofollowingweek.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.oncondition

B.onpurpose

C.onoccasion

D.onlyif

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。oncondition“只要，以……為條件”；onpurpose“有目的的”；onoccasion“有時(shí)，偶爾”；onlyif“只要……就”。句意：他問(wèn)我借些錢，我同意借給他，前提是他（必須）下周還我。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

7.單選題

Thatthedriver（

）inordertoavoidanaccidentcouldbeprovenbyexaminingthemarksonthepavement.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.swerved

B.accelerated

C.dissolved

D.withdrew

【答案】A

【解析】句意:那個(gè)司機(jī)突然轉(zhuǎn)向是為了避免意外發(fā)生，這可以通過(guò)檢查路面印記予以證實(shí)。

動(dòng)詞辨析。Swerve突然轉(zhuǎn)向;accelerate加速，促進(jìn);dissolve溶解，解散;withdraw撤退，離開。故A符合句意。

8.單選題

9.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Togoshopping.

B.Togobacktowork.

C.Tochangetheirtopic.

D.Toentertaintheirguests.

【答案】C

【解析】W:Here,youtwoguy,youarefuckingshotagain.It’snotveryentertainingorwise.

M:Yes,thanksforadvisingus.It’stimetoenjoylife.

Q:Whatmightthemendoaccordingly?

【解析】對(duì)話中女士說(shuō)：youarefuckingshotagain，意思是并沒(méi)有那么有意思。因此男士可能會(huì)“改變?cè)掝}”從而“享受生活”。

9.單選題

ButNaifehandSmithrevealakeenintellect,anavidreaderandapassionateobserverofotherartists’workwhoprogressedfromlaboredfigurestudiestoinspiredoutburstsofcreativeenergy.Farfromanartisticflashinthepan,hepursuedhiscallingwithdoggeddeterminationagainstnearlyinsurmountableodds.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.insuperable

B.unsurpassable

C.uncountable

D.invaluable

【答案】A

【解析】句中說(shuō)到他“withdoggeddetermination”，堅(jiān)持不懈地追求自己的理想，因此insurmountableodds必然代表“無(wú)法克服的困難”這一含義。A選項(xiàng)insuperable“不能克服的”；B選項(xiàng)unsurpassable“無(wú)法超越的”；C選項(xiàng)uncountable“無(wú)數(shù)的；不可數(shù)的”；D選項(xiàng)invaluable“無(wú)價(jià)的；非常貴重的”。從句意上來(lái)判斷，這里的nearlyinsurmountableodds指的是“幾乎無(wú)法克服的障礙”，因此A選項(xiàng)符合題意。

10.單選題

Pricesdeterminehowresourcesaretobeused.Theyarealsothemeansbywhichproductsandservicesthatareinlimitedsupplyarerationedamongbuyers.ThepricesystemoftheUnitedStatesisaverycomplexnetworkcomposedofthepricesofalltheproductsboughtandsoldintheeconomyaswellasthoseofamyriadofservices,includinglabor,professionaltransportation,andpublicutilityservices.Theinterrelationshipsofallthesepricesmakeupthe“system”ofprices.Thepriceofanyparticularproductorserviceislinkedtoabroad,complicatedsystemofpricesinwhicheverythingseemstodependmoreorlessuponeverythingelse.

Ifoneweretoaskagroupofrandomlyselectedindividualstodefine“price”,manywouldreplythatpriceisanamountofmoneypaidbythebuyertothesellerofaproductofserviceor,inotherwords,thatpriceisthemoneyvalueofaproductofserviceasagreeduponinamarkettransaction.Thisdefinitionis,ofcourse,validasfarasitgoes.Foracompleteunderstandingofapriceinanyparticulartransaction,muchmorethantheamountofmoneyinvolvedmustbeknown.Boththebuyerandthesellershouldbefamiliarwithnotonlythemoneyamount,butwiththeamountandqualityoftheproductorservicetobeexchanged,thetimeandplaceatwhichtheexchangewilltakeplaceandpaymentwillbemade,theformofmoneytobeused,thecredittermsanddiscountsthatsupplytothetransaction,guaranteesontheproductorservice,deliveryterms,returnprivileges,andotherfactors.Inotherwords,bothbuyerandsellershouldbefullyawareofallthefactorsthatcomprisethetotal“package”beingexchangedfortheasked-foramountofmoneyinorderthattheymayevaluateagivenprice.

1.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

2.Accordingtothepassage,thepricesystemisrelatedprimarilyto（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTafactorinthecompleteunderstandingofprice?

4.Inthelastsentenceofthepassage,“they”refersto（

）.

5.Theparagraphfollowingthepassagemostlikelydiscusses（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheInherentWeaknessesofthePriceSystem

B.TheComplexitiesofthePriceSystem

C.CreditTermsinTransactions

D.ResourceAllocationandthePublicSector

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.laborandeducation

B.transportationandinsurance

C.utilitiesandrepairs

D.productsandservices

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Instructionsthatcomewithaproduct

B.Thequantityofaproduct

C.Thequalityofaproduct

D.Warrantiesthatcoveraproduct

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.returnprivileges

B.allthefactors

C.buyerandseller

D.money

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.unusualwaystoadvertiseproducts

B.typesofpaymentplansforservice

C.theoriesabouthowproductsaffectdifferentlevelsofsociety

D.howcertainelementsofaprice"package”influenceitsmarketvalue

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。由第一段“ThepricesystemoftheUnitedStatesisaverycomplexnetworkcomposedofthepricesofalltheproductsboughtandsoldintheeconomyaswellasthoseofamyriadofservices,includinglabor,professionaltransportation,andpublicutilityservices.美國(guó)的價(jià)格系統(tǒng)是非常復(fù)雜的網(wǎng)狀系統(tǒng)，包括經(jīng)濟(jì)生活中一切產(chǎn)品買賣的價(jià)格，也包括名目繁多的各種服務(wù)，如勞動(dòng)力、專職交通、公共事業(yè)等服務(wù)的價(jià)格?！笨芍疚闹饕獌?nèi)容為美國(guó)的復(fù)雜價(jià)格體系。故B項(xiàng)正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第一段“Thepriceofanyparticularproductorserviceislinkedtoabroad,complicatedsystemofpricesinwhicheverythingseemstodependmoreorlessuponeverythingelse.任何一種特定產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)的價(jià)格都與這個(gè)廣泛而復(fù)雜的價(jià)格系統(tǒng)聯(lián)系在一起，而且或多或少地受到系統(tǒng)中其他成分的制約?！笨芍獌r(jià)格與產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)有關(guān)。故D項(xiàng)正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由第二段“Boththebuyerandthesellershouldbefamiliarwithnotonlythemoneyamount,butwiththeamountandqualityoftheproductorservicetobeexchanged,thetimeandplaceatwhichtheexchangewilltakeplaceandpaymentwillbemade,theformofmoneytobeused,thecredittermsanddiscountsthatsupplytothetransaction,guaranteesontheproductorservice,deliveryterms,returnprivileges,andotherfactors.買方和賣方都應(yīng)該熟悉不僅金額,而且產(chǎn)品的數(shù)量和質(zhì)量或服務(wù)的交換,進(jìn)行交換和付款的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn),資金使用的形式,提供給交易的本信用證條款和折扣,產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)的保證,交貨條件,返回特權(quán),和其他因素都要了解。”可知買賣雙方要了解的不僅僅是錢的數(shù)量，而且還有產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量、時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)等。故A項(xiàng)“產(chǎn)品說(shuō)明書”沒(méi)有提及。

4.推理判斷題。由本文最后一句“Inotherwords,bothbuyerandsellershouldbefullyawareofallthefactorsthatcomprisethetotal"package”beingexchangedfortheasked-foramountofmoneyinorderthattheymayevaluateagivenprice.換句話說(shuō)，買方和賣方都應(yīng)該充分了解構(gòu)成交換的所有因素，以便他們可以評(píng)估一個(gè)給定的價(jià)格。”可知they指代買方和賣方。故C項(xiàng)正確。

5.推理判斷題。由最后一句“Inotherwords,bothbuyerandsellershouldbefullyawareofallthefactorsthatcomprisethetotal‘package’beingexchangedfortheasked-foramountofmoneyinorderthattheymayevaluateagivenprice.換句話說(shuō)，買方和賣方都應(yīng)該充分了解構(gòu)成交換的所有因素，以便他們可以評(píng)估一個(gè)給定的價(jià)格。”可知下文可能討論有關(guān)構(gòu)成買賣的各種因素。故D項(xiàng)正確。

11.單選題

Historiansshareonefundamental（）thatwecanlearnfromthemistakesofourpast.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.assumption

B.supposition

C.ideology

D.ethos

【答案】C

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。assumption“假設(shè)”;supposition“推測(cè)”;ideology“意識(shí)形態(tài)，思想體系”;ethos“民族精神”。句意：歷史學(xué)家有一個(gè)基本的思想體系，也就是從過(guò)去的錯(cuò)誤中汲取教訓(xùn)。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

12.單選題

Thechimneyvomitedacloudofsmoke.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.ignited

B.immersed

C.emitted

D.hugged

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。vomit在句中是“吐出，噴出”；A選項(xiàng)ignited“點(diǎn)燃”；B選項(xiàng)immersed“浸入”；C選項(xiàng)emitted“釋放，放出”；D選項(xiàng)hugged“擁抱”。句意：煙囪吐出一團(tuán)煙。所以選C。

13.單選題

Whoeverformulatedthetheoryoftheoriginoftheuniverse,itisjust（）andneedsproving.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.spontaneous

B.hypothetical

C.intuitive

D.empirical

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)spontaneous“自發(fā)的，無(wú)意識(shí)的”；B選hypothetical“假設(shè)的”；C選項(xiàng)intuitive“直覺(jué)的”；D選項(xiàng)empirical“經(jīng)驗(yàn)主義的”。根據(jù)句意：無(wú)論誰(shuí)提出了宇宙起源的理論，那都只是假設(shè)，需要證明。選項(xiàng)B更符合語(yǔ)境。

14.單選題

ManyFineArtgraduatestake()professionalpracticeasartists,andthiscourseencouragesthemtoconsidertheirroleasartistsinthecommunitybyprovidingopportunitiesforshort-termplacementsoutsidetheFaculty.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.down

B.up

C.out

D.in

【答案】B

【解析】考查短語(yǔ)辨析。takedown“記下”；takeup“開始從事”；takeout“取出”；takein“欺騙；吸收”。句意：許多美術(shù)專業(yè)畢業(yè)生把自己看作藝術(shù)家來(lái)進(jìn)行職業(yè)訓(xùn)練，本課程鼓勵(lì)他們考把自己當(dāng)做社會(huì)藝術(shù)工作者，為他們提供在學(xué)院之外的短期實(shí)習(xí)機(jī)會(huì)。因此B選項(xiàng)符合題意。

15.單選題

Theoldman’sfaceis（）thelinesofpressureandexhaustionthathaveaccumulatedovertheyears.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.brandedwith

B.blendedwith

C.complimentedby

D.complementedby

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)中brand意為“給……打上烙印”；B選項(xiàng)中blend意為“混合”；C選項(xiàng)中compliment意為“恭維；稱贊”；D選項(xiàng)中complement意為“補(bǔ)足，補(bǔ)助”。句意：老人臉上（

）歲月累積的壓力和疲憊的皺紋。根據(jù)句意可推斷出A選項(xiàng)正確，bebrandedwith有“被打上烙印；帶有……的印記”的意思，在此句中可翻譯為“布滿”。

16.單選題

Hisargumentdoesnotsuggestthatmankindcan____tobewastefulintheutilizationoftheseresources.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.resort

B.grant

C.afford

D.entitle

【答案】C

【解析】上下文語(yǔ)義。A選項(xiàng)resort“（~to訴諸；求助于）”；B選項(xiàng)grant“（指正式地或法律上）同意，準(zhǔn)許；（勉強(qiáng)）同意”；C選項(xiàng)afford“負(fù)擔(dān)得起；承擔(dān)得起（后果）”；D選項(xiàng)entitle“使享有權(quán)利，使符合資格，常用被動(dòng)”。句意：他的論點(diǎn)并不是說(shuō)人類可以____浪費(fèi)在利用這些自然資源時(shí)。原文從句不是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，可排除D選項(xiàng)；且原文從句主語(yǔ)是人類，B選項(xiàng)grant在使用時(shí)也應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，排除；A選項(xiàng)后面通常是某種方式后手段，而本句空格后是“浪費(fèi)”，不符合，排除；C選項(xiàng)代入，“他的論點(diǎn)并不是說(shuō)人類承擔(dān)得起在利用這些自然資源時(shí)浪費(fèi)的后果”，符合語(yǔ)境。因此，本題最佳選項(xiàng)為C。

17.單選題

Accordingtothelatestreport,consumerconfidence（）abreathtaking15pointslastmonth,toitslowestlevelin9years.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.soared

B.mutated

C.plummeted

D.fluctuated

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)“飆升，驟然上升”；B選項(xiàng)“突變，變成”；C選項(xiàng)“驟降，暴跌”；D選項(xiàng)“上下波動(dòng)”，句意：根據(jù)最新的報(bào)告，上個(gè)月消費(fèi)者信心指數(shù)（）驚人的15點(diǎn)，達(dá)到了9年來(lái)的最低水平。既然說(shuō)了是最低水平，那么句意應(yīng)該是“下降了驚人的15個(gè)點(diǎn)”，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

18.單選題

Theoldmanwaskindand______enoughtohelpthechildrencrossthestreet.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.timid

B.lively

C.gracious

D.graceful

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)timid“羞怯的”；B選項(xiàng)lively“活潑的；充滿趣味的，熱烈的”；C選項(xiàng)gracious“和藹可親的；有禮貌的”；D選項(xiàng)graceful“優(yōu)雅的”。句意：這位老人非常友好和______，還幫助孩子們過(guò)馬路。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，這里C選項(xiàng)gracious“和藹可親的；有禮貌的”形容老人比較合理，意思指老人熱心幫助孩子們，非常和藹可親。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

19.寫作題

Youareaskedtowriteinnolessthan200wordsaboutthetitleofHarmfulPlagiarisminAcademicFieldinChina.YoushouldbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinegiveninChinesebelow.

RemembertowriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.

目前在學(xué)術(shù)界出現(xiàn)了剽竊和抄襲等不良現(xiàn)象。作為一名未來(lái)的博士研究生，你如何看待這些現(xiàn)象，你認(rèn)為應(yīng)該如何制止，以及你應(yīng)該如何從自身做起。

【答案】

HarmfulPlagiarisminAcademicFieldinChina20.單選題

Ateamofresearchers（）theproblemofdiseasesconnectedwithcontaminatedmilk.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.address

B.interact

C.wonder

D.react

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。address“處理”;interact“相互作用”;wonder“想知道”;react“反應(yīng)”。句意：一組研究人員把這種疾病和被污染的牛奶聯(lián)系起來(lái)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

21.單選題

AtdawnonSeptember5th,1972,abandof“BlackSeptember”ArabguerrillasbrokeintotheIsraelibuildingintheOlympicvillagenearMunichwhere10,000athleteswerestaying.Over250plainclothespolicehadbeenbroughtintothevillage,followingatip-offtroubleahead,butnoneofthemsawtheArabsscalethefence.TheyburstintotheIsraelibuildingwithsubmachinegunsblazingat5:10am.SomeIsraeliathletesescapedthroughthewindowsandsidedoors.Nineweretakenhostage.Theguerrillasdemandedthereleaseof200PalestiniansheldinIsraelijailsandasafepassageoutofGermany.WithinhourstheOlympicvillagewassurroundedby13,000police.TheOlympicGamesweresuspended.Aftersomenegotiations,theterroristsweretoldtheywouldbeflownwiththeirhostagestoanArabcountry.TheyweretakenbyhelicoptertotheFurstenfieldmilitaryairport25milesfromMunich.JustbeforemidnighttheguerrillasandtheirhostagesbegantowalkacrossthetarmactoawaitingBoeing727aircraft.SuddenlyalltheairportlightswereturnedoutandGermanpolicesharpshootersopenedfire.Therescueattemptfailedtragically.Inthegunbattleallninehostages,werekilled,aswellasfourArabsandonepoliceman.ThreeArabswerecapturedandoneescapedintothenearbywoods.Onthe8th，IsraeliplanesbombedtenguerrillabasesinrevengeforMunichmassacre.

1.ThemostpossiblereasonforIsraeliathletesbeingattackedandkidnappedisthat（

）.

2.Whenthetroubletookplace,theOlympicGames（

）.

3.Theterroristsweretoldthattheywouldbeprobablysentbyairto

（

）.

4.HowmanyArabswerethereasterrorists?

5.WhatdoyouthinkPalestineandIsraelwouldactnext?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theyhadaconflictwiththeArabguerrillas

B.theArabguerrillaswantedtosavethePalestiniansheldinIsraelijails.

C.theGermanGovernmenthatedIsrael

D.theArabguerrillashopedtogetalargesumofmoney

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.werecompleted

B.weregoingon

C.weretobefinished

D.weretotakeplace

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Italy

B.India

C.Syria

D.Nigeria

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Seven

B.Eight

C.Nine

D.Itwasn’tmentioned

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Theywouldbeginanotherconflict.

B.Theywouldbegintonegotiate

C.Theywouldtrytoimproveeachother’srelation

D.TheywouldturntoUN.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章指出：Theguerrillasdemandedthereleaseof200PalestiniansheldinIsraelijailsandasafepassageoutofGermany（這些游擊隊(duì)員要求釋放被關(guān)押在以色列監(jiān)獄的200名巴勒斯坦人并安全地離開德國(guó)），因此B項(xiàng)“這些阿拉伯游擊隊(duì)員想解救被關(guān)押在以色列監(jiān)獄的巴勒斯坦人”正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。由文中“TheOlympicGamesweresuspended（奧運(yùn)會(huì)被暫停）”可知當(dāng)時(shí)奧運(yùn)會(huì)正在進(jìn)行。故選B。

3.判斷推理題。文章指出：Aftersomenegotiations,theterroristsweretoldtheywouldbeflownwiththeirhostagestoanArabcountry（經(jīng)過(guò)一些協(xié)商，恐怖分子們被告知他們和其人質(zhì)將被用飛機(jī)送到一個(gè)阿拉伯國(guó)家），四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，只有C項(xiàng)“敘利亞”屬于阿拉伯國(guó)家。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文中指出：Inthegunbattleallninehostageswerekilled,aswellasfourArabsandonepoliceman.ThreeArabswer